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Solids: Source: Solid Mensuration: Understanding The 3-D Space

The document defines and provides examples of different types of solids such as cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres. It discusses volume and surface area of solids. Specifically, it describes the relationships between different solids that are inscribed within each other, such as a cylinder inscribed within a sphere or a rectangular solid inscribed within a sphere. It provides formulas to calculate dimensions of the inscribed solids based on the dimensions of the larger solid containing it. Finally, it provides sample problems to calculate dimensions of inscribed solids.

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78 views

Solids: Source: Solid Mensuration: Understanding The 3-D Space

The document defines and provides examples of different types of solids such as cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres. It discusses volume and surface area of solids. Specifically, it describes the relationships between different solids that are inscribed within each other, such as a cylinder inscribed within a sphere or a rectangular solid inscribed within a sphere. It provides formulas to calculate dimensions of the inscribed solids based on the dimensions of the larger solid containing it. Finally, it provides sample problems to calculate dimensions of inscribed solids.

Uploaded by

Queen Galeon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLIDS

Source: Solid Mensuration: Understanding the 3-D Space Diagram featured by http://slidemodel.com 1
A solid is a three-dimensional
figure bounded by surfaces or plane figures.

Some Types of Solids


The following are the most familiar types and useful solids:
1. Right Circular Cylinder – It is a solid of circular right section in which centers
of the two circular bases both lie on a single line
2. Pyramid - It is a solid whose base is a polygon and whose lateral faces are
triangles which meet at a common vertex.
3. Cone – It resembles a pyramid but with a circular base
4. Sphere – It is a solid in which all points on its surface are equidistant from its
center

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cylinder pyramid

cone sphere

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The volume of a solid is the
 Surface Area is the
amount of space it occupies.
area of the surface of
The unit o measure for volume o a three-dimensional
figure or solid.
solids is in cubic length such as
𝑐𝑚3 , 𝑚3 , 𝑖𝑛3 , 𝑓𝑡 3 , . . . 𝑒𝑡𝑐  Lateral Area o a solid
is the area of the
lateral side surfaces
of a solid.
The Volume Addition Theorem
A solid region may be divided  Total Surface Area is
the sum of the areas of
into non-overlapping smaller all the surfaces that
regions so that the sum of the bound the solid.

volumes of these smaller regions


is equal to the volume of the solid.

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Inscribed Solids

An inscribed solid is a solid of maximum volume that is placed inside another


solid of fixed volume, with their edges or surfaces touching each other.

A cylinder inscribed in a sphere A rectangular solid inscribed in a sphere A sphere inscribed in a cube

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The following provides the relationship between the different parts of the given solid/s:

1. A cylinder inscribed in a sphere

2𝑟
The diameter
of the sphere
is equal to the 𝐷= 2𝑟 2 + ℎ2
ℎ
diagonal of
the rectangle 𝐷

formed by the
height and 2𝑟 –diameter of the cylinder
diameter of h – height of the cylinder
the cylinder 𝐷 – diameter of the sphere

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2. A sphere inside a cube
𝑠

The diameter 𝐷 of the sphere is equal


to one edge 𝑠 of the cube.

𝐷=𝑠

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3. A sphere inside a cylinder
2𝑟

The diameter
of the sphere
 2𝑟 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟
is equal to
ℎ  ℎ − ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟
the diameter 𝐷
 𝐷 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
of the
cylinder.

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4. A rectangular solid inscribed in a sphere

The diagonal of the


𝐷 ℎ
sphere is equal to
the length diagonal
𝑤
of the rectangular
𝑙
solid.
 𝑙 − 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑

 𝑤 − 𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ
𝐷= 𝑙 2 + 𝑤 2 + ℎ2
 ℎ − ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡

 𝐷 − 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑑


𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒

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Problem Set
In each of the following, show complete solutions including the figure/s described in
the given problem. Deadline: On or before June 15, 2020.

Submit through: email:[email protected], messenger(pm only): acalpenelyn,


google classroom

1. In a right circular cylinder, the radius is 3 𝑓𝑡., and the height is


8 𝑓𝑡. Find the radius of the sphere circumscribing the cylinder.

2. A rectangular solid 12 𝑓𝑡. long and 8 𝑓𝑡. wide is inscribed in a


sphere of radius 2 17. Find the height of the rectangular solid.

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