Answer 1) STRATEGIC AIGNMENT

Introduction:

The strategic alignment supports the market value of the data system and requirements, which
affects company – IT collaboration through their related elements. In any case, the role of
technology contemplations in the connection between related elements and technical
coordination, as its function continues in the connection between IT integration as industry
impacts, has not been studied explicitly. A modern company that continuously aims to
concentrate in both consumer parts. We usually remain aware of existing trends, particularly
of what the youth need and expect. Their advertising strategies always make sure they’ve
represented all age brackets in the services they offer (Issa-Salwe et al., 2010). Giant of
business Mc Donald’s supervising adaptable processes and schedules, and by distributing
uniform goods worldwide at unsurprising quantities, price and expense, the company
combines productivity in its operations to improve economies of scale, including setting up a
strong division of labour and routinizing different tasks McDonald's has been leading the
demand in their business for such a long time.

The Positive Impact of Strategic Alignment on business objective

and purpose:

Strategic alignment has rarely been increasingly fundamental for partnerships in all industries
today – with much further research to be done. By planning the best ways to tackle
generating alignment, experts will take on an important role in helping the leaders of their
organization work for organizational goals and arguments to move forward their corporate
structures that are vital for the success of the undertaking. In particular, experts may benefit
from recognizing daily barriers to strategic coordination and the impediments to traditional
methodologies. You will then be able to use this knowledge to take advantage of
opportunities and implement a different strategic approach within their organisation. The
most innovative of them would be to organize alignment services that use learning
advancements to allow class leaders to tap through the latest deduction from outside experts o
Highlight moving stories from collaborators to teachers that will encourage their own classes
to recognize to embrace new structures marked by their affiliation.

Organizations need to stay focused on adapting to the said forces with agility in order to stay
competitive in the market and achieve their organizational visions and goals. They need to
design new strategies, modify their existing ones and host transformation programs to create
awareness to their employees and teach them on how to accept and adapt to the
transformations by executing the formulated strategies. Strategy is always highly likely to
give satisfying results when required in aligned organizations. Such speed is usually required
An organization that grows at an entirely slow rate force the leaders to change their
approaches to fit into the new market expectations in a short time frame, before they can put
into practice their initial strategy.

Answer 2) ARCHITECTURE

Zachman’s Enterprise Architecture Framework:

Zachman's system uses a two-dimensional grid. The core metric epitomizes the experience of
the people involved in developing data structures. The following one characterizes the few
structures for ordering the relevant functions. Through this metric, the items that the board
will compare or render data (e.g. knowledge, details, structure, persons, time and inspiration)
are decided and, in the main calculation, the views that should be discussed on each of these
subjects are sorted out (Zachman, 1999). The Zachman structure as seen in Figure 1.
Perspectives from Rows - Zachman Framework
This grid’s rows indicate various levels of deliberation that each of them conveys a job in an
undertaking:

1. Scope: Defines an association's cause and strategy which presents the expert setting of
different viewpoints.
2. Business-Model: Describes the company function that involves the processes, sales,
parts, etc.
3. System-Model: This iteration is a more definitive portrayal of the previous one.
4. Technology-Model: It is a description of how the system is developed.
5. Detailed (Point by point) Representations: This concept introduces peculiar subtleties
in the use of particular elements of the system (areas that will be gradually precise and
eventually articulated before the development begins).
 6. Functioning Enterprise: It is the concrete dream of a system within a functional
context, and the defined structures are continuing as the areas of the undertaking in
this viewpoint.

(Supriadi and Amalia, 2019).

Knowledge architecture model:

In order to organize the concept of knowledge architecture two elements of individual and
functional views are cited as the paradigm of Zachman. First calculation typifies the
viewpoint of those persons who are the on-screen characters in architecture in information.
The next one characterizes the few things that the bureaucratic information will be rendered
or applied to draftsman. It must then represent the pith of these dimensions and then trace the
holder of each cell located from the column and row traverse; at that stage the DFD is shown
of this model (Jafari et al., 2009). Figure 2 demonstrates our analysis of the architecture of
information.
Model’s Perspectives (Rows):
In this section we explain our model's viewpoints:

 First row describes the organizational information limits and boundaries. This point of
view defines an organization's KM goals and strategies to define its course of
knowledge and the professional base of other perspectives.
 The second row demonstrates how a company's senior information executives control
the branches of information, knowledge staff, knowledge developers, knowledge
owners and the results of knowledge operations.
 The third row shows the reason for the functions of the professional architect. This
view explains the manner in which the required information is gathered or rendered
and developed for an undertaking.
 The approach for using creativity in architecture of information is shown in the Fourth
Line. At the end of the day, the limits of the systems and the creativity are illustrated
in this context, for example, the kind of knowledge bases, the vocabulary types, the
mechanisms of the programs, UIs, etc.
 The fifth section illustrates the information development strategy. This perspective is
less significant from the point of view of architecture, since it is focused on a portion
of a structure rather than the entire system. Hence in the definition of the model of
information architecture we surrender this part.
 The sixth row is a summary of the model's organizational perspective. The rows after
first two rows illustrate the architectural motivation for business awareness.

Knowledge Tracer (Row 1):

An example is shown in this cell to include the map of the knowledge (Figure 3). Awareness
map provides a rundown of demands, input properties, information production properties and
their actual positions. Knowledge map is a framework for perceiving the state of information,
the method of information creation, knowledge alignment and knowledge usage (Lapalme et
al., 2016).
Knowledgeable Management (Row 2):
The work, tasks, and getting ready rules are preceded in this role by the lead and development
of authoritative learning. In addition, a senior chief of knowledge will be prepared to deal
with knowledge thesis and transition of scholarly resources. In addition, a senior knowledge
manager will carry on the responsibilities of intellectual resources and information
transmission, for example

 Dissemination and promotion of expertise and advice.

 Developing and applying effective information structures, such as knowledge bases,
knowledge systems, researching units and libraries.
 Importance game plan for data and information suppliers and cooperation for colleges
and testing centers, business interests and pure breed societies.
 Enhancement of information-building processes and their usage through enhancing
specific data structures to rearrange appropriate errors
Knowledge Architect (Row 3):
Knowledge collection, transition and information stores advancement: The system for
collecting and transferring information and developing knowledge archives is depicted in this
camera. Hierarchical knowledge occurs in two areas:

 Information structures/systems and software-based business processes (intelligence as

software).
 Workers (intelligence as HR) Figure 4 shows the clear information extraction
technique, and Figure 5 shows the implicit information extraction technique.

The knowledge extraction strategies are as follows (Metaxiotis et al, 2003):

 Merge and Edition: Reconsideration and creation of manners is the main approach
for the usage of information in an organisation
 Externalization: it is the acquisition and reservation of essential knowledge
 Internalization: it is the transfer of specific knowledge
 Cognition: it is the implementation of knowledge in an institution.
The methods for the tacit information and knowledge retrieval are as follows (Metaxiotis et
al., 2004):

 Sociability: it is the change of inferred information through participation in

experiences.
 Externalization (capture): it is the change of implied knowledge through tacit
knowledge declaration.
 Intermediation: it requires the change of implied knowledge by utilizing arbitrators,
for example.
 Cognition: it is the application of intelligence that supports engineered processes, such
as professional processes or structures based on man-made brain capacity.

Row 4-Information Technology Designer:

Designing the knowledge management and distribution system: There are two things known
to move knowledge: setting up knowledge archives and sharing knowledge building and
networks for knowledge control.
Row 5-6- KM Functioning Model:
Enterprise Knowledge Architecture: The definition of information processing within the
enterprise is converted into specific programs.

The DFD Model:

Regarding how knowledge moves across systems (knowledge networks, KM structures) and
how the information is continuously changed, sketches of knowledge streams (DFDs) are the
technique for decision-making on complex representations for three key purposes:

 Professional and non-technical viewers grasp DFDs more readily

 DFDs can have a definition of a high-level layout with parameters and connections to
certain structures
 DFDs should include a definite depiction of frame sections DFDs talk to transmit and
retrieve details from external gadgets (Intezari and Gressel, 2017).

The key goal is to use the Zachman method to design another blueprint for authoritative
information by architects. To accomplish this aim, the concepts of the board's expertise and
technology and information architecture and the Zachman framework are represented and the
concept of expertise architecture implemented.

Answer 3) CLOUD COMPUTING

Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing:

Cloud computing's management mechanisms need to discuss the security measures that cloud
services must implement to protect the privacy of the customer, comply with applicable laws,
and data protection. As such, this paper aims to address some of the major data protection
threats which cloud storage providers should consider mitigating to enhance data security for
customers (Tari, 2014). There are fairly high security issues, as installation and delivery of
heterogeneous world, various orchestration, and automation techniques are complex.
Cloud based service:

Choosing which cloud-based software you need depends solely on the company objectives.
Several growing market requirements that the right cloud provider can easily fulfil:

SaaS-Software as a Service:
SaaS helps people utilize cloud-based web apps. Email services like Gmail and Hotmail are
both instances of cloud-focused SaaS apps. Examples of SaaS services include office apps
(Office 365 and Google Docs), customer interaction management software (Salesforce),
project management software (Planning Pod), and so on.

PaaS-Platform as a Service:
PaaS applies to cloud providers to provide runtime environments for application
development, testing, and maintenance. Software engineers may install programs from simple
to sophisticated, without needing any related hardware (servers, databases, operating systems,
programming devices, etc.), thanks to PaaS technology. Examples of PaaS tools include the
search engine applications Heroku and Google.

IaaS-Infrastructure as a Service:

IaaS is a cloud service that provides essential computer infrastructure: servers, storage, and
networking services. To put it another way, IaaS is a machine data centre. IaaS software may
be used for a broad variety of purposes, from domain management to Big Data analytics.
Customers can modify and utilize the applications they have, no matter what operating
systems and services they need. The key IaaS vendors include Amazon Web Services,
Microsoft Azure, and the Google Computer Engine.

Cloud Deployment Models:

There are various types of cloud implementation models, each with its own benefits and
desired use scenarios. Forms of cloud include private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud,
group cloud, and private virtual cloud (VPC); although various sectors can move to the cloud
at different levels, some type of cloud implementation is widely considered by most
companies.

Private Cloud

A private cloud is primarily run by a specific organization. The cloud may be hosted on or off
site, and is operated by the company or a third party. Private clouds were compared with data
centers of next decade. Private clouds can offer the advantages of cloud computing
synonymous with scheduling, provisioning, and delivery while maintaining access and data
management.
Public Cloud

A public cloud is made accessible by a company that provides cloud software to the general
public or a wide business community. Many public clouds are multi-tenant, recognizing cost
benefits by spreading network use. Using certificates to have solely logical partitions over an
external network used by several or all users, the distinction between applications on the
public cloud is implemented.

Hybrid Cloud

Hybrid cloud architecture is a combination of two or more clouds (private, group, or public)
that remain separate entities but are connected by structured or proprietary technologies that
enables portability of data and applications. There are several cases where hybrid cloud use is
more desirable than a strictly private or public deployment.

Community Cloud

Many organisations share a community cloud of common interests such as mission, safety
criteria, governance issues and/or regulatory issues. It may be controlled either by the
organisations themselves or by a third party, which can operate on premise or off premise.
Using a shared cloud enables businesses to benefit from the region's surplus power, rather
than potentially building their own data centers to meet occasional excess demand
(Razumnikov, 2018).

Answer 4) INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

 1. Today, work inside the organizations depends too much on IT and IT resources
including computers. Most importantly, the performance of the organization and its
employees depends on how these machines perform. If the management wants its
organization to perform well, it would need to install updated machinery and also care
for its maintenance. Any kind of issue with the machinery can block work and
communication inside the organization instantly. It is why the management needs to
focus upon the quality of the hardware and software being used inside the
organization. The better the capacity of the hardware the faster is the system’s
performance. The same applies to the software too where a good software can save a
lot in terms of time and efforts both. It is why the companies should invest in both
their hardware and software.
2. There are several considerations to be made before deciding whether to implement on
demand computing. In this regard first of all the management requires to be consulted
with regards to the costs and other factors. Apart from it organizational factors like
work type and organizational culture and IT demands too need to be evaluated before
implementation.
3. Cloud computing and virtual storage are known to provide green advantages. These
technologies have been found to be more eco-friendly as well as efficient at reducing
the carbon footprint of the organizations. Overall, these technologies efficiently
reduce the energy consumption of the organizations whether small or big. Instead of
using an entire server running at 100%, one can sue just as much as he needs and also
make use of the energy being consumed completely (Bernard, 2010). Moreover, there
is energy saving during the peak times of operation. It allows for using the server
space economically.

.
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