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Chapter 2 - Basic Concepts of Corrosion

This document summarizes key concepts in corrosion, including: 1. The components of a corrosion cell are the anode, cathode, electrolyte, and metallic path. At the anode, oxidation occurs and electrons are released. At the cathode, electrons are consumed through reduction reactions. 2. Reactions at the anode involve oxidation and dissolution of the metal. Reactions at the cathode involve reduction, with electrons from the anode being consumed. 3. There are four main types of corrosion cells: galvanic, concentration, electrolytic, and differential temperature cells.

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Amalina Jamil
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61 views

Chapter 2 - Basic Concepts of Corrosion

This document summarizes key concepts in corrosion, including: 1. The components of a corrosion cell are the anode, cathode, electrolyte, and metallic path. At the anode, oxidation occurs and electrons are released. At the cathode, electrons are consumed through reduction reactions. 2. Reactions at the anode involve oxidation and dissolution of the metal. Reactions at the cathode involve reduction, with electrons from the anode being consumed. 3. There are four main types of corrosion cells: galvanic, concentration, electrolytic, and differential temperature cells.

Uploaded by

Amalina Jamil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 2: Basic Concepts in Corrosion

1. List down and explain the components of corrosion cell.


i. Anode
• One of the dissimilar metal electrodes in electrolytic cell
• Represented as negative terminal of the cell
• Electrons are released at the anode
• Oxidation of metal occurs on it
• More reactive metal
ii. Cathode
• Another dissimilar metal electrodes
• Represented ad positive terminal of the cell
• Electron is accepted/consumed at the cathode
• Reduction of hydrogen ions or oxygen occurs on it
• More noble (passive) metal
iii. Electrolyte
• Electrically conductive solution that must be present for
corrosion to occur.
• Current flows from cathode to anode by ion in electrolyte.
iv. Metallic path
• The two electrode are connected externally by conductor
• Electron flows from anode to cathode
• Conventional current flows from cathode to anode

2. What is the reaction in anode?


• Oxidation of metals
o By dissolution
o By hydration
o By complex formation
• Anodic reaction characteristics:
o Oxidation of metal to ions with a charge
o Release of electron
o Shift to a higher valence state

3. What is the reaction in cathode?


• Reduction takes place
• Electrons released by anode are consumed at the cathode surface.
• Decrease in valence state

4. List down the types of corrosion cell.


i. Galvanic cell

• Two dissimilar metal electrodes in common electrolyte

ii. Concentration cell

• Similar to galvanic cell except anode and cathode are the


same metal in a heterogeneous electrolyte.
• Concentration cell may be set up by:
o Variation in oxygen concentration in soils
o Differences in moisture content of soils
o Differences in compositions of the soils

iii. Electrolytic cell

• External current is introduced into the cell.


• It consist of all the basic components of galvanic cells and
concentration cells plus an external source of electrical
energy.
• The polarity of an electrolytic cell is opposite to that in a
galvanic cell.

iv. Differential temperature cells

5. Explain Nerst Equation.


• Nerst Equation express the electromotive force of a cell in terms of
activities of products and reactants in cell reaction.
• General cell reaction: M1 + M2n+ → M2 + M1n+
𝑅𝑇 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑠
• Equation: 𝐸 = 𝐸𝑜 + 𝑛𝐹 ln 𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑠

6. What is Pourbaix diagram?


• Also known as Potential-pH diagrams
• Originator: Pourbaix (1963)
• It represent the stability of a metal as a function of potential and
pH and show at what region the metal located at either in corrosion
region, immunity region or passivation region at a particular
temperature.

7. What is immunity region?


• This is the region where corrosion cannot occur.

8. What is region of passivity?


• It is a region where the metal able to resist corrosion because of
the formation of metal oxide on the metal surface which provide a
protective layer to the metal from environment.

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