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Blood Bank Laboratory Assignment 2 - Endterm Ahg Test

The document summarizes an assignment for a blood bank laboratory on the antiglobulin test (AHG test). It includes questions about the principle of the AHG test, the differences between monoclonal/polyclonal and monospecific/polyspecific AHG reagents, the advantages and disadvantages of anticomplement activity in polyspecific reagents, and a comparison of the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) in terms of principle, applications, and red blood cell sensitization. It also lists factors that affect the AHG test and the procedural steps for the DAT and IAT.

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86 views

Blood Bank Laboratory Assignment 2 - Endterm Ahg Test

The document summarizes an assignment for a blood bank laboratory on the antiglobulin test (AHG test). It includes questions about the principle of the AHG test, the differences between monoclonal/polyclonal and monospecific/polyspecific AHG reagents, the advantages and disadvantages of anticomplement activity in polyspecific reagents, and a comparison of the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) in terms of principle, applications, and red blood cell sensitization. It also lists factors that affect the AHG test and the procedural steps for the DAT and IAT.

Uploaded by

Anastasia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BLOOD BANK LABORATORY

ASSIGNMENT 2 – ENDTERM

AHG TEST

Name: Patricia Nicole Uy Date April 04, 2020 Score: _____

General Instruction:
● Write your answers briefly and legibly. Avoid erasures. If erasures cannot be avoided, draw one line across the
wrong word/s.
● Objective questions – 1 point for each correct answer. Open-ended questions – 0 = Incorrect answer, 1 =
Partially correct answer, 3 = Correct answer.

1. State the principle of the antiglobulin test.


The principle of antiglobulin test is to ascertain the prescence or absence of red cell coating by
immunoglobulin or complement. athis test will utilize xenoantibody to act as bridge between sensitize
cells, thua yielding agglutination as a positive result.

2. Differentiate monoclonal from polyclonal and monospecific from polyspecific AHG reagents.

Monoclonal AHG reagent

● Hybridoma technology
● one clone of plasma cells ans recognize a single epitope

Polyclonal AHG reagent,

● Recognize different epitopes or the same portion


of the antigen but with different affinities.
● mixture of antibodies from the different plasma clones.

Monospecific AHG reagent

● used in the activation of positive DAT to determine the


nature of molecules attached to the red blood cells.
● anti IgG alone or anti C3b.
●

Polyspecific AHG reagent

● Used to facilitate agglutinationwhen Rbcs have


been sensitized woth igG or c3d.
● A blend of IgG or anti-c3b.
3. Two (2) antibodies required in AHG reagent.
● Anti IgG
● Anti-C3
4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of anticomplement activity in polyspecific AHG reagent.

Advantages

IT MAY DETECT complement dependent antibodies on rbc.

● Clinically significant antibodies are thoae active at 37°C.


● Assoociated with decreaswd RBC survival in transfusion reaction and HDN.

Disadvantages

● It may detect more nuiscance positive or unwanted positive reactions thatvare not caused by
clinically significant antibodies.

5. Compare and contrast the IAT and the DAT in terms of principle, applications, and red blood cell
sensitization

Principle Applications RBC sensitization (of each


application)

Indirect ● Antibody ● Recepient antibody


Antiglobulin detection reavting with donor
Test (IAT) If a patient has been sensitized cells
bybforeign antigen and has ● antibody
developed antibodies, the identification ● antibody reacting with
indirect antiglobulin test will screening cells
be positive. This test detects ● antibody
the prescence of antibodies in titration ● antibodyr eacting with
the patient's serum in vitro. panel cells.
● RBC phenotype
● specific antisera+
RBCs ro detect antigen
Indirect ● HDFN ● Material antibody
Antiglobulin coating detal RBCs.
Test (IAT) When antibodies attach ● HTR
themselves to red blood cell ● Recepient antibody
invivo, this natigen-wntibody ● AIHA coating donor RBCs.
associated maybe detected in
vitro by performing a direct ● Autoantibody coating
antiglobulin test. individuals Rbcs.

6. List the factors that affect the antiglobulin test.

● washing of rbcs.
● Addition of antihuman globulin
● Saline for washing.
● Ratio of serum to cells
● incubation time
● Temperature
● Centrifugation for reading
● Reaction medium.
7. List the procedural steps/tasks in the DAT and IAT and give their function/purpose.

Step/Task Function/s

● allows time for antibody molecule attachment to RBC


antigen.
1. incubate RBCS wih
antisera ● Removes free globulin molecules
2. Perform minimum of
three saline washes ● Forms Rbc agglutinates
3. add antiglobulin reagent ● Accelerate agglutination by bringing cells closer
4. Centrifuge
5. Examine for together.
agglutination
6. Grade agglutination ● interpret tests as positive/negative
reaction ● Determines the strength of reaction.
7. Add antibody-coated
RBCs to negative ● Checks for neutralization of anti-sera by free globulin
reactions. molecules.
end

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