SUPER BIOS

CP/M 2.2 BIOS

«» ADVANCED
DIGITAL
CORPORATION
5432 PROOUCTION OR.
HUNTINGTON BEACH, CA 92649
TELEX: 4722085 ITTSCSMA 01'.678401 TASIRIN
TEL. (714) 811-4004
 SUPER BIOS tm

THE CP/M 2.2 BIOS.

SUPER SIX/SUPER QUAD

15 AUGUST 1983
/

ADVANCED DIGITAL CORPORATION

Introduction • • • • • • ... i

Contents o~ distribution. 1

Just getting started • • • 2

Operation of the SUPERBIOS • 4

CP/M Installation 5

How to change your CP/M system size • • • • • • • 5

How to change your system con~iguration • 6

How to install your own copy o~ CP/M 9

Floppy Disk Formats 11

Hard Disk Formats 12

 Advanced Digital is proud to introduce the SuperBios.
SuperBios is our special configuration of CP/M 2.2 with the
following features.

1) 1024 byte ~ectors double density floppies, read/write.

2) Interupt driven type-ahead buffer.

3) SUPPOl'"'ts 8" aY',d CIt"' 5-1/4" fll::'PPY dt"'ives.

4) Supports a variaty of hard disk drives.

5) Supports Parrallel and or Serial printers.

i
CPM.SYS is a memory image of CP/M with the SUPERBIOS.
Customers who have not purchased CP/M from AdvaYlced
Digital will receive a CPM.SYS with the CCP
and aDOS zeroed out.

SUPRBIOS.MAC is the source file for the SUPERBIOS. It can be

edited / and reassembled if modification of the
SUPERBIOS is desired.

FMT8.COM is the SUPERBIOS au! floppy disk format program.

FMT48.COM is the SUPERBIOS 5-1/4" 48 TPI format pl'"'ogram.

FMT96.COM is the SUPERBIOS 5-1/4" 96 TPI f,:lt"mat program.

NOTE: the three format programs are all produced

f,,",:.m the sc.tn"ce fi Ie FORMAT. MAC".
II

FORMAT. MAC is the source file for the above format programs.

LDRGEN.COM is the equivalent of SYSGEN. COM in a normal CP/M

system. LDRGEN.COM transfers the SUPERBIOS cold
start loader from source (usually a disk) to
dest i Ylat i OYI.

SBCBOOT.MAC is the source file for the cold loader on track zero
sector one, which is brought in by the monitor PROM.

SBCHBOOT.MAC is the source file for the cold boot loader for the
hat"d disk.

LDRBDOS.MRC is the source file for the logical ( rlorl-hardwat"'e

depeYldent) . POt"'t i or. clf the loadet...

LODRBIOS.MAC is the source file for the floppy and hard disk
drivers used in the loader.

RAMDISK.MAC is the SAMPLE (only) source file for a ram disk

boat"d.

MODEM. COM is the Modified version of the public domain program

"MODEM7 11 •

MODEM. DOC coy,tai rls .the i r,fot"'mat i l:Jrl fel\"" t"'u1"lrd 1".g II MODEM. COM".

FMTHD.COM ·is the hard disk format program.

FMTHD.MAC is the SOUl'"'ce fi Ie fe,l''' "FMTHD. COM".

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Generating a new system disk:

If
you have purchas~d CP/M TM. from Advanced Digital Corp,
you Pl.\t yc.I.ll'''' boo·table CP/M disk ir.to floppy d't"ive
caY"1 "A" and
depress the reset key and you will be off running CP/M. If you
do not have CP/M from Advanced Digital then please refer to STEP
1C elf 'the sectioY'! erltitled "CP/M INSTALLATION" Page 5 fc.t-· instal-
ling your CP/M with our BIOS.

Itis important to make a back-up copy of the distribution

~iskettes~ i~ is very possible when first learning how to use the
sy5tem~ you can rewite, or change the data on the diskette with-
out meaning to do so (which will or could cause the diskette not
to boot any more). So to prevent having to send the diskettes
back to Rdvanced Digital for regenning of the system di5ks~ make
Ci~-;e Cl'\ two back up copies t.:1 t.'Jcl\""'k wi th arid stot"e the Cq"'g i rIal
diskettes for any later reference. The following steps will help
;e~erate a back-up copy_

Use FOqMAT~COM to format blank disk(s) to the desired format

S0 to make a back up copy of your distribution diskette(s).

Now its time to put a track zero loader on the disk you have
~ust finishe~ formatting. Place your formatted disk into floppy
d'r"' i '~'E' n B IJ arid y.:)I..lt"' bCtl~tab 1 e CP/M disk. i Y'lt 0 dr"' i va II ~1'I. R!..lrl the
pt"C£lr"'am er,t it lee:! "LDRGEN!I, you wi 11 be pt"c fI1ted by th is message:
l

Read loader from Hard or Flo~py drive (H,F) if i 1'"1

nH?n1Ct"'y ~

Yot~ v-lill l".eed to r"Espor;c by typing "FII fOt"' floppy,

will be promted by this message:

Enter ~hysical ~rive no. (0-3) of loader source or tel

';'''Gbc:c:t ~

yo~_~ will need to t"'es:;Jond by typiY"lg "12111 fel)· . . the fil'''st

phys, i 2a:;' C\·. . i ve (wh i:::-h is dt.. i ve If A" ) " Next yCI!_l wi 11 be pt"c1mt ed by
t 7-, is message;

E:"t: £\\.-. phys i ca 1 dt" i ve n,:l .. (0-3) of loader destination C~ (ret> to

)'"'ebcc;t ::

will need tl:1 t-'esoc'Y',d by typir,g "1" fo ..... the secclY',d

physical clc" i ve (which is dt"ive flB"). Tel exit the progl'''am type a
C.... et) Cli'"' a ".··... r\oJ You now have a track ze~o
II
• loader on both
d i:·ketteso;

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 Use PIP to transfer the file CPM.SYS from A to B. For
optimum performance, CPMcSYS should be the first file you write
to any system disk. This is because the system must access this
file on each warm boot (control-C), and the acc~ss is much faster
if the file is on the outermost tracks of the disk (files are
writen to a new disk froM the outer tracks in).

A}STAT B:CP~"SVS $R/O

Next copy the rest of the file over to the back-up diskett~
by usil'".g,

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 The SUPERBIOS behaves in general as any normal CP/M system
bios. However, you must not change density of disks without
doing a control-C. This is because the SUPERB lOS checks only
once after each warm boot to see what density each disk is.

You may not change the system disk at any time, unless:

1) You hard reset the system by depressing the reset button.

2) The system disks are the saMe density and the CPM.SYS file
is located on the disk in EXACTLY the same place in the
directory as the old disk. To ensure that the CPM.SYS file
will always be in the same place on the disk, ALWAYS make
CPM.SYS the first file copyed to any diskette.

If you wish to change the density of the system disk you

must hard reset the system by depressing the reset button.

Printer Selection:

The "SUe'ER BIOS" comes defaulted to a parallel type printer,

if you desit"e to run a serial printer you have one of two
opt i C!r'iS.
1) RefEt" ey,t i t led "CP/M INSTALLATION
tel the sect icn"1 tI
for"' the
steps necessary to incorporate a change of printer.
2) If you wish to select between the two types of printers
yOl_t cay: !:1se the "ST~Tn c()mmar:d t::1 change the pt"intet"' output.

A)STAT ~S7:=CRT~ this will select output to the serial printer.

A}STAT LST:=T7Y: this will reselect output to the parallel printer.

\lOTICE:

As shio~ed, the SUPERBIOS for the Super Six is cC'Y',f i 9 ur"'ed t CI

support two eight inch drives ( drives A & B), or,e 5-1/4" 48 TPI
as drive C, en'''ld l::t"ne 5-1/4t! 96 TPI as dl'"'ive D. On the Super Quad
there are two eight inch drives A & B.
If you need to change your system configuration please refer
to "the sectioy: entitled "CP/M INSTALLATION".

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 This section will explain the procedures necessary to change
the operating system size or system configuration.

In order to properly assemble the SUPERBIOS, after making

any changes you must use Microsoft's M80.COM and L80.COM versions
"3.44".

STEP lA how to change your CP/M system size.

STEP lB how to change the system configuration.

STEP lC how to install your own copy of CP/M.

§I~e lSi
To change the system size, you will need to change the
'.PHASE' pseudo-op in the 8UPRB!OS.MAC file to the address o~
where the bios will reside.

CP/M size '.PH~SE' address

63k F600 HEX 62976 DEC

62K F200 HEX 61952 DEC·
61K EE00 HEX 60928 DEC
60K EA00 HEX 59904 DEC
59K E600 H~ 58880 DEC
5SK E200 HEX 57856 DEC
57K DE00 HEX 56832 DEC
56K DA00 HEX ·55808 DEC
33K 7E00 HEX 32256.DEC
32K ~OO ~X 31232 DEC
31K 7600 HEX 30208 DEC

The '.PHASE' pseudo-op is located immediately before the

bios Jump vector in the source file.

~I~E 2A~

To assemble the SUPERBIOS use MB0 with the command syntax:

A)M80 =SUPRBIOS/L.

The IL switch will produce a .PRN file with the macros

expanded. Now link the·SUPERBIOS using L80 with the following
command syntax:

A)L80 /P:100,SUPRBIOS,SUPRBIOS/N/E

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 Now generate the CPM??COM file (?? denotes the system by
si ze) • Type "MOVCPM?? *". Save the fi Ie gel"lerated f1'''OI'l1 the
MOVCPM clpel'--at ien", by typil"lg IISAVE 34 CPM?? COM". Remembet.. that
the system size MUST correspond to the system size made in the
SUPERBIOS.

To patch the SUPERBIOS and the CP/M file together do the

foll.::.wi ng:

A}DDT CPM??COM (?? = system size)

DDT VERS 2.2
NEXT PC
2300 010121
-M9S0,lF7F,100
-ISUPRBIOS.COM
--R1600
NEXT PC
???? 0100
--G0
A)SAVE ?? XCPM.SYS

The number of pages to save in the XCPM.SYS file will vary

depending on your system configuration, and can be calculated as
follows: ie. if ???? = 2A80, then use the high byte (2A) of the
a~dress and round it off to the next highest value if the· lower
byte is not zero, (ie 2A80 to look like 2B). Convert the value
to the number of pages to be saved using the following formula
(2*16) + (11*1) - 1 = ?? In the example for 2A80 you would save
42 ·pages.

System configuration changes:

8I~e 1B:

To 2~an;e t~e system configuration, You will need to refer

to one,of the following steps:

eciDt~t £bgns§§ =
§I~2 g~~
~ri~g £b~DB§§ =
§I~e ~~~
I~Q§ ~ng2Q QYff§~ _ §I~e ~~~

To change the printer from parallel to serial or serial

"to ;:Jat"'allel char,ge the equate labeled npARPRNT" to tt"'ue fot-'
parallel printer enabled, or to false for serial printer
enabled. The first serial port is always reserved for the
console and the second serial port is available for the serial
pt"i rlter".

Refer to STEP 2A to complete i~stalation of the SUPERBIOS.

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 To make drive configuartion changes, the macro named
"DSKDEF" (located near the eYld of the sClurce fi le) shows the
drive type and the logial mapping of the physical drive. The
"DSKDEF II mac","ci is I.lsed as fClllclws:

DSKDEF (FB,FB,ST419)

NCite: Irl the Super'" Six bios you can mix 5-1/4" flclppies with ,B"
f 1,:)PP i es, but this can NOT be done with the Super Quad bios.

This say's drives A,B are 8 inch floppies and drives C,D are an
ST419 20meg. hard disk.

The "DSKDEF" mac}''''ci wi 11 pat.. t it icn"J the dt"'i ve i l""lto 8 meg. byte
par.. t it i elYlS ..

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other possible drive configurations are as follows:

Fa = 8 inch floppy drive

F548 = 5-1/4 inch 48tpi floppy drive
F596 = 5-1/4 inch 96tpi floppy drive

Drive type num. logical drvs.

NODRIVE 1 No dl'''ive selected

skip a logical dl'''ive

DMA 2 dma systems cat.. t t" i dge

ST412 1 segate technology

ST419 1 segate techrlology

TM601S 1 taY'ldom magY'.et ics

TM602S 1 tarldom magnetics
TM603S 1 tandom magrlet ies
TM603SE 2 tarldclm magr.et ics
TM501 1 tandom magrlet ics
TM502 2 tandOM magriet ics
TM503 2 tar,dclfIl magY'let i cs

SA602 1 sht'gart assoc •.

SA604 1 shugat"t assoc.
SA606 1 shugart assoc.
SA1002 ...
of
shugat.. t assoc •
SA1004 1 shugat"t ass.:.c.

Q2010 1 quC\y!tum
(12020 2 quarltum
Q2030 ""'
~ quantum
02040 4 quaritum

~4010 1 mi rti scri be

M402t~ 2 rni Yli sCt"i be

-8-
 The floppy step rate for 5 and 8 inch drive can be change at
the equate labeled uFSTPR tt to the desired step
t~ate speci "fed h·oi
the following table:

00 - 3ms
01 == 6ms
02 -- 10..5
03 == 15ms

The hard disk step rate is preset in the SUPERBIOS library·

TO\'"' each individual dt"'ive type arId should not be char.ged.

Refer to STEP 2R to complete instalation of the SUPERBIOS.

To install the type ahead buffer change the equate labeled

ttINTRIN u t,:, tl'''ue fol'''' enabled and false fert.. disabled. This al:-:'c,ws
interupt driven console input.

Refer to STEP 2A: to complete instalation of the SUPERBIOS.

The following implemention will work as long as your

supplier has not made any modifications to the MOVCPM.COM ~ile as
sent by Digital Research.

If you have bought CP/M from Advanced Digital then you will
r"tc,t need to make the followir:g patch tel your II MOVCPM. COM" 'fl1e.
If" yQU al t"eady own CP/M you rtll.lst make the followi r.g patch i "ICt"oet-'
to c.::tt~t"'ect ly clpet~ate CP/M ,::ar. ar,y Advanvec: Digt ial prcad!_~ct.

A} ddt ralCIVcpm. CCtM

DDT vet"s ;2. 0
NEXT PC
2800 0100
-alcd2 the lnstructions were
lCD2 reCD !:'CH C
1C::>3 nc=.t:> nCR C
lCD4 lxi h,0 JNZ 12DF
leDS •
--g0
A} save 39 movcpm. CClfll

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 This is necessary because the SUPERBIOS uses a sectc.t...
blocking/deblocking algorithm that uses the directory write
co~e in C to flush disk buffers after file closing.

Make a copy of your SUPERBIOS distribution disk to work on.

Do PIP B:=A:*.*[VOJ then use LDRGEN to transfer the loader.

Put the copy of of the SUPERBIOS distribution disk in your

second floppy drive (B:), and your current CP/M system disk (with
the patched MDVCPM.COM) in the first floppy drive (A:).

Run MOVCPM and DDT to create a system file.

A)MDVCPM 51 * 51K is the normal system size

CONTSTRUCTING 61K CP/M V2.2

READY FOR "SYSGEN" OR "SAVE 34 CPM61.COM It

A)SAVE 34 B:CPM61.COM

A}B:
B}A:DDT CPM61.COM bse your DDT to bring in CP/M )

NEXT PC
2300 0100

-M980., lF7F, 100 Move the CCP and BDOS to 100H )

-ICPM.SYS
-R1600 The CPM.SYS file has the BIOS image

-~2D00,3700.,1700 Move the new BIOS to 1700H

-1170.0,170;:;: Make sure move went OK )

170.0 3MP FA01Z1

--G0 ( Exit and save )

B)ERA CPM.SYG
B}SAVE ?? CPM.SYS ?? = number of pages to be saved.
<refer to the formula in STEP 4A on calculating the number of
pages ~o be saved.)

You now have abootable system disk equivalent to those sent

to customers who have purchased CP/M frOM Advanced Micro Digital.
-10-
 The SUPERBIOS single density eight inch format is complet~ly
IBM standard 3740 compatable. The disks should be readable by
aYlY CP/M starldar"d single de'nsity 8" system. NClte that the
Advanced Digital format program fills all sectors with E5's in
accordance with standard practice •.

S I::' me eight iYlc!1 single deY'lsity disks ft"om othe't" systems may
not be )""eadable clt fit"st with the SUPERBIOS. This is because
they have an odd byte located on track 0 sector 1 byte 7F (this
is the standard location). This is where the density code is
supposed to be. The SUPERBIOS interprets either a 00 or E5 to be
single density, anything else other than the SUPERBIOS ~ingle
density code byte will cause an error. If you are unable to read
a sucposedly standar~ single density disk, try running the SUPER-
BIOS format program with the FORMAT SYSTEM TRACKS ONLY option.
T~is will fill the Quter two tracks with E5 and not hurt any of
the data. It will destroy the present system already on the
disk.

The SUPERBIOS double density format for eight inch disks has
the first track of each disk formated to be single density, in
acco~dance with IBM practice. All tracks of minifloopies are
double density. Byte 7F of track zero, sector 1 is a code byte
(this is the standard location). Our codes are £5 for single
density, ES for single sided double density, and E7 for double
$ided double density. There is no double sided single density
~ormat, as there are no standards available for such disks~

Double denSity disks have only one reserved track. The

sectors are 1024 bytes 'in length. Eight inch disks have eight
sectors per track, five inch disks have four The physical skew
A

on the disk is three for eight inch, two for five inch. These
numbers were chosen to optimize s~quential sector operations such
as program loads, since these operations are the most sensitive
to the skew factor. There is no logical skew used with dou~le
deYls i t y d i sk.s.

-11-
 The hard disk driver will support most any SA1000 or ST506
interfaces. The hard disk controller can handle up to four
physical drives in any combination as long as you don't try
to mix SA1000 interface with ST506. As supplied the Superbios
contains configuartions for the following disk drives:

SEABATE TECHNOLOGY
ST412 ST419

TANDON MAGNETICS
TM601S TM602S TM603S TM603SE TM501
TM502 TM503

SHUGART ASSOCIATES
SA602 SA604 SA606 SA1002 5A1004.

QUANTUM
Q2010 Q2020 Q2030 Q2040

MINISCRIBE
401121 4020

ATASI
3020 3033 3046

DMA SYSTEMS
MICRO MAGNUM 5/5

other drives can be added without a lot of difficulty.

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