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Practical Lab Report

The document summarizes a chemistry lab report on the effect of concentration on reaction rate. The experiment measured the time for an "X" mark to disappear as sodium thiosulphate solution of varying concentrations reacted with hydrochloric acid. The results showed reaction time decreased as concentration increased, indicating the reaction was first order with respect to sodium thiosulphate concentration. A graph of 1/reaction time versus concentration produced a straight line, confirming the direct proportionality between rate and concentration. In conclusion, the experiment successfully demonstrated how concentration affects reaction rate.

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Amirul Adli Rozaimy
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218 views

Practical Lab Report

The document summarizes a chemistry lab report on the effect of concentration on reaction rate. The experiment measured the time for an "X" mark to disappear as sodium thiosulphate solution of varying concentrations reacted with hydrochloric acid. The results showed reaction time decreased as concentration increased, indicating the reaction was first order with respect to sodium thiosulphate concentration. A graph of 1/reaction time versus concentration produced a straight line, confirming the direct proportionality between rate and concentration. In conclusion, the experiment successfully demonstrated how concentration affects reaction rate.

Uploaded by

Amirul Adli Rozaimy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL LAB REPORT

CHEMISTRY
(RATE OF REACTION EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION)

NAME : AMIRUL ADLI BIN ROZAIMY U3


AMRI SHAFIQ BIN ZAURIS U3

LECTURER : PUAN HANIS BT. MOHD ZUKI

DATE SUBMISSION : 28 February 2019


Objective

To experimentally determine how the concentration of the reactants affect the rates of
reactions.

To understand the relationship between the concentration of reactants and the time taken
for X to disappear.

Introduction
The reaction rate change in concentration of the reactants or product per unit time. The
factors that influence the rate of reaction are the temperature, pressure, catalyst, size of
particle and the concentrations of reactants.

The purpose of this lab practical is to investigate the effect of sodium thiosulphate
concentration on the rate of reaction of sodium thiosulphate with hydrochloric acid. The
reaction, which produces solid sulphur, will be followed by measuring the time needed for
the reaction mixture to be opaque or time taken for mark “X” to disappeared. The results
will be analysed graphically to determine the order of reaction-the mathematical
relationship between the reactant concentration and the rate.

Concepts

1. Kinetics 2. Order of reaction. 3. Rate of reaction. 4. Concentration

Apparatus

Graduated cyclinder, 50ml


Beaker, 50ml
Conical flask, 50ml
Permanent marker
Stopwatch
Stirring rods
Temperature-resistant gloves

Chemical reagents

Hydrochloric acid solution, HCl, 0.1M, 10ml


Sodium thiosulphate solution, Na2S2O3, 0.30M, 50ml
Distilled water or deionized water

Safety Precautions

Hydrochloric acid solution is corrosive to eyes and skin. It is moderately toxic by ingestion
and inhalation. Sodium thiosulphate solution is a body tissue irritant. The reaction of sodium
thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid generates sulphur dioxide gas, which is a skin and eye
irritant. Perform this experiment in a well-ventilated lab only. Avoid contact of all chemicals
with eye and skin. Wear chemical splash goggles, temperature-resistant gloves, and
chemical-resistant apron(option).

Procedure

1. Label five 50ml conical flask 1-5


2. Draw a large “X” mark at top of the filter paper. Place the first conical flask on the top of
the filter paper that have the “X” mark.
3. Using graduated cylinder for the solution and water, measure and add the required
amounts of 0.30M sodium thiosulphate and distilled water to each measuring cylinder and
beaker. Be as precise as possible to make sure the total volume for mixture of sodium
thiosulphate Na2S2O3and distilled water is 50ml.

Beaker 1 2 3 4 5
Concentration 0.30 M 0.25M 0.20M 0.15M 0.10M
of sodium
thiosulphate
Na2S2O3
Volume of 50ml 50ml 50ml 50ml 50ml
solution
mixture with
distilled
water(ml)

4. Make sure calculate the amount of distilled water needed to add to the sodium
thiosulphate solution, Na2S2O3to make sure the solution constant volume of 50ml by using
formula:

M1V1=M2V2

5. Starting with conical flask 1, carefully add the 10ml,0.1M of hydrochloric acid solution HCl
to the 50ml,0.3M of sodium thiosulphate solution Na 2S2O3 into the conical flask 1. Swirl the
mixture solution once and immediately start timing using stopwatch.

6. Stop timing or the stopwatch when the “X” mark on the filter paper is no longer visible or
disappeared. Record the reaction time in seconds in the data table.

7. Repeat step 4-6 with conical flask 2 to 5 by using different concentration of Na 2S2O3
solution and distilled water and constant volume of 50ml.
8. Record the following information in a data record table: Conical flask, Volume of Na 2S2O3
solution, volume of distilled water added, Concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution
Na2S2O3, Time taken to be the “X” mark disappeared. And the 1/reaction time (reaction
rate).

9. Plot the graph 1/reaction time and concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution,
Na2S2O3.

Record data and Results

Conical Volume of Volume of Concentration of Reaction Reaction


flask sodium distilled Na2S2O3 time (sec) rate
thiosulphate water (H2O) (M) (1/time,
solution (ml) sec-1)
(Na2S2O3) (ml)
1 50 0 0.30M 21.0 0.05
2 41.7 8.3 0.25M 27.5 0.04
3 33.3 16.7 0.20M 39.5 0.03
4 25.0 25.0 0.15M 53.0 0.02
5 16.7 33.3 0.10M 126.5 0.01

Plot Graph 1/reaction time over concentration of sodium thiosulphate


solution, Na2S2O3.
(Rujuk Graph paper 1)

Discussion

Sodium thiosulphate reacts with hydrochloric acid solution to form sulphur dioxide
(Equation1)

Na2 S 2O 3 ( aq )+2 HCl ( aq ) → S ( s ) +O 3 ( g )+ 2 NaCl(aq)

The kinetic of the reaction can be analysed by graphing the concentration of Na2S2O3 as a
function of both reaction time and 1/time. A plot of concentration versus time gives a
curved line, which levels off as it approaches the x-axis-the reaction slows down as the
reactant concentration decreases. The rate of reaction is inversely proportional to the
reaction time. A plot of down as the reactant concentration decreases. The rate of reaction
is inversely proportional to reaction time. A plot of down as the reaction concentration
decreases. The rate of reaction is inversely proportional to the reaction time. A plot of
concentration or versus 1/reaction time gives a straight line. The rate is directly proportional
to concentration, and the reaction appears to be first order with respect to sodium
thiosulphate concentration.
Conclusion

The data was approved, so the experiment is achieved.

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