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Ordcompsoln 2003

(1) The value of i^8 is 1 and the value of i^7 is -i. (2) For the complex numbers z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 5 - i: z1 + z2 = 7 + 2i and z1 - z2 = 2 + 3i - 5 + i = -3 + 4i. Since 53 > 25, z1 + z2 > z1 - z2. (3) For the complex number w = 1 + i: (6/w) = 3 - 3i and solving the equation a(3 - 3i) - b(2 + i) = 3 + 6i gives the

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Graham Moore
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29 views

Ordcompsoln 2003

(1) The value of i^8 is 1 and the value of i^7 is -i. (2) For the complex numbers z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 5 - i: z1 + z2 = 7 + 2i and z1 - z2 = 2 + 3i - 5 + i = -3 + 4i. Since 53 > 25, z1 + z2 > z1 - z2. (3) For the complex number w = 1 + i: (6/w) = 3 - 3i and solving the equation a(3 - 3i) - b(2 + i) = 3 + 6i gives the

Uploaded by

Graham Moore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPLEX NUMBERS (Q 4, PAPER 1)

2003

4 (a) Given that i 2 = −1, find the value of:


(i) i 8
(ii) i 7.

(b) Let z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 5 − i.


(i) Plot z1 and z2 and z1 + z2 on an Argand diagram.

(ii) Investigate whether z1 + z2 > z1 − z2 .

(c) Let w = 1 + i.
6
(i) Simplify .
w

(ii) a and b are real numbers such that


⎛6⎞
a ⎜ ⎟ − b( w + 1) = 3( w + i ).
⎝ w⎠
Find the value of a and the value of b.
SOLUTION

i power = i remainder when power is divided by 4


Powers of i
When you see a power of i, divide the power by 4 and take
i = −1 = i the remainder. Now use the table on the left to write your
i 2 = −1 answer.
Powers of i repeat in groups of four. You always get one
i 3 = −i
of 4 answers: i, − 1, − i, 1
i4 = 1

4 (a) (i)
i8 = i 0 = 1

4 (a) (ii)
i 7 = i 3 = −i
Im
4 (b) (i)
z1 = 2 + 3i
z2 = 5 − i 3 2 + 3i
7 + 2i
2
z1 + z2 = 2 + 3i + 5 − i = 7 + 2i
Re
2 5 7
5-i
4 (b) (ii) Finding the modulus:

z = a + bi ⇒ z = a 2 + b 2 ....... 2
LHS RHS
z1 + z2 = 7 + 2i z1 − z2 = 2 + 3i − 5 + i
= 7 2 + 22 = 49 + 4 = −3 + 4i
= 53 = (−3) 2 + 42 = 9 + 16
= 25
As 53 > 25 , the statement is true.

4 (c) (i)
Working out the conjugate: z = a + bi ⇒ z = a − bi ....... 1

DIVISION: Multiply above and below by the conjugate of the bottom.


6 6
=
w 1+ i
6 (1 − i )
= × [Multiply above and below by the conjugate of the bottom.]
(1 + i ) (1 − i )
6 − 6i
= [Tidy up using the fact that i 2 = −1. ]
1 − i + i − i2
6 − 6i 6 − 6i
= =
1+1 2
= 3 − 3i

4 (c) (ii)

⎛6⎞
a ⎜ ⎟ − b( w + 1) = 3( w + i )
⎝ w⎠
⇒ a (3 − 3i ) − b(1 + i + 1) = 3(1 + i + i )
⇒ a (3 − 3i ) − b(2 + i ) = 3(1 + 2i )
⇒ 3a − 3ai − 2b − bi = 3 + 6i
⇒ 3a − 2b + (−3a − b)i = 3 + 6i
For all equations you can equate (set equal) the real parts and
the imaginary parts.

Equating the real parts: 3a − 2b = 3...(1)


Equating the imaginary parts: −3a − b = 6...(2)
Solve the equations (1) and (2) simultaneously.

3a − 2b = 3...(1) 3a − 2b = 3
−3a − b = 6...( 2)(× − 2) → 6a + 2b = −12
9a = −9 ⇒ a = −1

Substitute this value of a into Eqn. (1): 3(−1) − 2b = 3 ⇒ −3 − 2b = 3 ⇒ −2b = 6 ⇒ b = −3

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