Specifications Section 07

GENERAL SPECIFICATION

Unless otherwise specified in the Special Specifications, Bills of Quantities or Drawings the work shall conform
to the following publications of the Institute for Construction Training and Development (ICTAD), Sri Lanka.

1. Specifications for Board and Cast In-situ Reinforced Concrete Piles. ICTAD Publication
No.ICTAD/DEV/16

2. Specification for Building Works – Sri Lanka (Volume I) – 1985 No.SCA/4 – First revision – January
1988,

3. Specification for Building works – Sri Lanka (Volume II) – ICTAD Publication No.SCA/4/II Revised
Edition – October 2001,

As these are standard Specifications, it is likely that a number of specifications expressed will not apply to this
project. The requirements of the above standard specifications apply only in respect of work specified in the
Contract.

Special Specifications if any shall be read in conjunction with the General Specification where applicable.
Where the Special Specifications are in conflict with the General Specification, the Special Specifications shall
prevail.

Where a particular proprietary product or system has been specified, the contractor may offer same or other
equivalent proprietary product or system together with all technical information and performance data for the
consideration of the Engineer. The Engineer will consider such alternative offers and should they meet the
requirements of the Engineer, then such offers would be approved.

1.1 GENERAL

The Contractor shall carry out the works in accordance with a method statement, which has been
submitted to, and approved by the Engineer. This method statement shall include as appropriate under-
reaming or driving, the length or set to be obtained, details of the constituent materials of any drilling
fluid used for stabilisation, the method of inspection, details of the concrete mix, the minimum time
between the completion of one pile and the commencement of the next, and the pattern of construction.

The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer a programme of his proposed sequence and timing for
driving or boring piles having regard to the avoidance of damage to adjacent piles or unfilled pile
excavations. Piling shall not commence until approval of the Engineer has been obtained.

Pile length shall be proposed with calculations based on the soil investigation results by the Contractor,
and the approval of the Engineer obtained.
The Contractor shall report immediately to the Engineer any circumstance, which indicates that in the
Contractor's opinion the ground conditions differ from those expected from his interpretation of the site
investigation reports.

Each pile shall be marked in such a manner that it can be identified with the records of manufacture
such as date of casting, the cement type, concrete grade, element length, the prestressing force where
appropriate, etc.

1.2 SCOPE

This specification sets out the requirements for the installation and testing of bored piles.
Specifications Section 07

The Contractor shall be responsible for carrying out the piling works in accordance with the
specification, drawings and associated contracts documents. The Contractor shall assume full
responsibility for the effects of pile installation on nearby structures and services. The land provided by
the Employer includes existing structures, live services and many other third party properties at close
proximity.

The Engineer’s drawings indicate the diameter, location, pile cut-off level, minimum rock socket length
and allowable load capacity of the concrete bored piles. The Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring
that the proposed construction method will ensure the Designed load capacity of piles as shown on the
drawings.

The Contractor may refer to site investigation reports prepared by Geotechnical Division NBRO in
July 2015 and the recommendations given by the Geotechnical Engineering Division. The Employer,
will take no responsibility for the adequacy of details and opinions or conclusions given in the report.

1.2 CODES AND STANDARDS

Except where modified by this specification, all piling works shall comply with the following
codes and standards or their later revisions.

 BS 5930 : 1981 - Code of Practice for Site Investigation

 Specification for Piling - The Institute of Civil Engineers, London(1988)
 BS 8110 : 1985 - Structural Use of Concrete
 BS 8004: 1986 - Foundations
 AS 2159: 1995 - Piling – Design and Installation (Australian Standard)
 ASTM C1240 ( 95 ) - Silica Fume
 DIN 1048 - Water Permeability Test
 ASTM C – 1202 - Chloride Penetration Test
 ICTAD/DEV/16 - Specification for bored and cast In-situ reinforced concrete piles
 Specification for fine aggregate for concrete and mortar SLS 1397:2010
 Steel testing code BS 4449.
 BS 1881 & SLS 1144 for testing of concrete.
 Mix design code BRI/ACI
 Standards for Pile testing.

In case of any conflict, the most stringent requirements stipulated in these codes and standards shall
govern.

1.3 SURVEY CONTROL

A Licensed surveyor or Qualified Engineer, experienced in precise setting out of piling works shall set
out all control work under the contract.
The Contractor shall submit three copies of all surveys as they are completed, and the as built drawings
of the pile installation. The drawings shall indicate the pile identification and the location of the all
piles.
The Contractor shall engage and pay all fees for the services of the licensed surveyor.

1.4 CUT-OFF LEVEL OF PILES

The Engineer will define the cut-off level of the piles on the relevant Drawings. The Contractor shall
concrete each pile to a minimum of 1m above the specified cut-off level. No extra payment will be
made for the over cast concrete. In case contractor fails to meet to minimum 1.0 m extra length above
cut off level, minimum 1.0m length from as build top level of piles shall be hacked down and rebuild
Specifications Section 07

the pile to the cut off level. Engineer’s written approval is required to deviate from this requirement.
Contractor shall take as build top levels of the piles and submit to the engineer and hacking shall not be
started without engineer’s approval.
The Engineer may order in writing, changes in dimensions and/or the cut-off level of pile foundations
as may be necessary to ensure a satisfactory foundation.

1.5 TOLERANCES

(a) The position of a pile at the cut-off level shall be within 75mm of the specified position shown on
the Drawings (refer Cl. 1.6.2, Specification for Piling by the Institute of Civil Engineers, London).
(b) The maximum permitted deviation of the finished pile from the vertical shall be 1 in 75. (refer Cl.
1.6.3, Specification for Piling by the Institute of Civil Engineers, London).
(c) The difference between the actual cut-off level and the designed cut-off level shall not exceed +
10 mm.

Where the allowable tolerances as specified in the above are exceeded the Contractor shall take remedial
measures as may be ordered by the Engineer, including the driving of additional piles if required. The
cost for such remedial measures shall be borne entirely by the Contractor.
No method of forcible correction will be permitted.
The Contractor shall ensure that damage does not occur to completed piles through his method of
working.

Engineer. (If necessary)

All tests shall be carried out by an independent testing organization approved by the Engineer.

4.1 QUALIFICATIONS
All personnel involved in the testing must be sufficiently experienced in the use of the apparatus and
method of interpretation of results.
Details of the proposed method of testing are to be submitted to the Engineer 28 days prior to testing.

4.3 PILE INTERGRITY TEST

Pile Integrity Test shall be carried out in accordance with AS 2159:1995 section 8.5.

4.4 DYNAMIC LOAD TEST

Dynamic Load Test shall be carried out in accordance with AS 2159:1995 section 8.4.

The drop weight must be guided by a frame to ensure correct alignment.

The Contractor shall ensure that no damage will cause to the pile. Any damage caused must be repaired
by the Contractor to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

4.5 STATIC LOAD TEST

The static load test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of AS 2159:1995
section 8.3.

4.6 ACCEPTABLE CRITERIA

The pile under compressive loading shall be deemed to comply provided the following criteria are not
exceeded.
a. Static Load Test
For load cycle up to 1.0 times working load,
Max. allowable gross settlement = 12mm
Max. allowable net settlement = 06 mm
For load cycle up to 1.5 times working load,
Max. allowable gross settlement = 25 mm
Max. allowable net settlement = 12 mm
 Specifications Section 07

b. Dynamic Test - Refer AS 2159:1995 Section 8.4.6

c. Integrity Test - Refer AS 2159:1995 Section 8.5.8

Timing for Maintaining load test

Load Minimum time of holding the load

25% DVL 1 hour
50% DVL 1 hour
75% DVL 1 hour
100% DVL 1 hour
75% DVL 10 minutes
50% DVL 10 minutes
25% DVL 10 minutes
0 1 hour
100% DVL 6 hour
100% DVL + 25% SWL 1 hour
100% DVL + 50% SWL 6 hour
100% DVL + 25% SWL 10 minutes
100% DVL 10 minutes
50% DVL 10 minutes
25% DVL 10 minutes
0 1 hour
 SWL denotes Specified Working Load

 DVL denotes design verification Load

4.7 RESULTS
Reports giving results of testing are to be submitted to the Engineer for appraisal.
If tested piles fail to comply with the acceptable criteria is liable to be rejection. The Engineer will direct
the Contractor to install compensation piles or other remedial measures. All costs incurred in the
rectification defective of piles, compensation piles, modified pile- caps, transfer beams etc. shall be
borne by the Contractor.
Having had a pile or piles liable for rejection, further pile testing of two piles by static load test
method may be required for each rejected pile. Extra piles to be tested will be nominated at the discretion
of the Engineer. All costs associated with extra testing requirements shall be borne by the contractor.
Contractor shall note that the major part of the pile testing will be carried out after the main contractor
is mobilized and the excavation up to the required level. If the remedial measures/installation of new
piles will cause delays to the Main Contractor, all such claims shall be borne by Piling Contractor;
Specifications Section
07