Motorized Smart Turning Mechanism

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Abstract—Production cars are designed to understeer smooth revolute joint.

and rarely do theyoversteer. If a car could automatically
compensate for an understeer/oversteer problem, thedriver We have powered front wheel using DC motors. Each
would enjoy nearly neutral steering under varying operating wheel is connected to motor using coupling. We can
conditions.Four-wheel steering is a serious effort onthe part control speed of individual motor and thereby turning
of automotive design engineers toprovide near-neutral vehicle accordingly. If we increase speed wheel mounted
steering. Also in situations like low speed cornering, vehicle on right side then it will produce unbalanced force in
parking and driving in city conditionswith heavy traffic in mechanism which will force it to change angle between
tight spaces,driving would be very difficultdue to vehicle’s respective links . this will result in turning of vehicle with
larger wheelbase and trackwidth. Hence there is a particular turning radius. Now this turning radius will be
requirement of a mechanism which result in less turning function of difference between angular speed of wheels.
radius and it can beachieved by implementing four wheel
steering mechanism instead of regular two wheel steering.

Keywords—4-Bar Mecchanism; turning radius.

I. INTRODUCTION (Heading 1)
Four-wheel steering is a method developed in
automobile industry for the effective turning of the
vehicle and to increase the maneuverability. In a typical
front wheel steering system, the rear wheels do not turn in
the direction of the curve and thus curb on the efficiency
of the steering. In four-wheel steering the rear wheels turn
with the front wheels thus increasing the efficiency of the
vehicle. The direction of steering the rear wheels relative
to the front wheels depends on the operating conditions.
At low speed wheel movement is pronounced, so that rear
wheels are steered in the opposite direction to that of front As discussed above we can control turning by
wheels. At high speed, when steering adjustments are powering front side only therefore no need to power back
side wheel. Therefore on backside wheels are mounted on
subtle, the front wheels and the rear wheels turn in the
coupling which is fitted in bearing block.
same direction. By changing the direction of the rear
wheels there is reduction in turning radius of the vehicle
which is efficient in parking, low speed cornering and
high-speed lane change.
II. DESIGN
We designed 4-wheel steering model for analysis and
simulation. This model consist of chassis, motor, steering
mechanism and wheels. Steering mechanism is mounted
on chassis and motorised wheels are fixed to this steering
mechanism.
Steering mechanism is in form of crossed 4 bar
mechanism.We used parallel linkage. Length of opposite
links of this is same. Two cross links , Front chassis
andback chassis altogether forms 4-bar mechanism. This
components are attached to each other by using bearing
and coupling assembly. Bearing is used for providing
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