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(Kkuiku DH Cnyrh Rlohj: Olar Hkkx&2

The document discusses the changing food culture in India over the past few decades. It notes that regional cuisines from South India like idli, dosa, biryani are now available across North India as well. Fast food culture has also grown in major cities. The new mixed food culture exposes people to cuisines from different parts of India. While some local dishes continue to be popular, many have declined. The document argues that the mixed food culture has both positives of exposure but also negatives like loss of local foods and practices. It calls for efforts to promote local cuisines along with embracing the diverse food options.

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MamataMaharana
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130 views6 pages

(Kkuiku DH Cnyrh Rlohj: Olar Hkkx&2

The document discusses the changing food culture in India over the past few decades. It notes that regional cuisines from South India like idli, dosa, biryani are now available across North India as well. Fast food culture has also grown in major cities. The new mixed food culture exposes people to cuisines from different parts of India. While some local dishes continue to be popular, many have declined. The document argues that the mixed food culture has both positives of exposure but also negatives like loss of local foods and practices. It calls for efforts to promote local cuisines along with embracing the diverse food options.

Uploaded by

MamataMaharana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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www.ncertpdf.

in

olar Hkkx&2

[kkuiku dh cnyrh rlohj 14

Nys nl&iangz o"kks± esa gekjh [kkuiku dh laLo`Qfr esa ,d cM+k cnyko
fi vk;k gSA bMyh&Mkslk&cM+k&lk¡Hkj&jle vc osQoy nf{k.k Hkkjr rd
lhfer ugha gSAa ;s mÙkj Hkkjr osQ Hkh gj 'kgj esa miyCèk gSa vkSj vc
rks mÙkj Hkkjr dh ^<kck* laLo`Qfr yxHkx iwjs ns'k esa iSQy pqdh gSA vc vki dgha
Hkh gks]a mÙkj Hkkjrh; jksVh&nky&lkx vkidks fey gh tk,¡xAs ^I+kQkLV I+kQw M* (rqjra
Hkkstu) dk pyu Hkh cM+s 'kgjksa esa [kwc c<+k gSA bl ^Ik+ QkLV Ik+ Qw M* esa cxZj] uwMYl
tSlh dbZ ph”ksa 'kkfey gSAa ,d ”kekus esa oqQN gh yksxksa rd lhfer ^pkbuh”k uwMYl*
vc laHkor% fdlh osQ fy, vtuch ugha jgsA
^Vw feuV~l uwMYl* osQ iSosQVcan :i ls rks de&ls&de cPps&cw<s+ lHkh
ifjfpr gks pqosQ gSaA blh rjg uedhu osQ dbZ LFkkuh; izdkj vHkh rd Hkys
ekStwn gksa] ysfdu vkyw&fpIl osQ dbZ foKkfir :i rs”kh ls ?kj&?kj esa viuh
txg cukrs tk jgs gSaA
xqtjkrh <ksdyk&xkfB;k Hkh vc ns'k osQ dbZ fgLlksa esa Lokn ysdj [kk,
tkrs gSa vkSj caxkyh feBkb;ksa dh osQoy jlHkjh ppkZ gh ugha gksrh] os dbZ 'kgjksa
esa igys dh rqyuk esa vfèkd miyCèk gSaA ;kuh LFkkuh; O;atuksa osQ
lkFk gh vc vU; izns'kksa osQ O;atu&idoku Hkh izk;% gj {ks=k esa feyrs gSa vkSj
eè;eoxhZ; thou esa Hkkstu&fofoèkrk viuh txg cuk pqdh gSA

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[kkuiku dh cnyrh rlohj

oqQN ph”ksa vkSj Hkh gqbZ gSaA elyu vaxzs”kh jkt


rd tks czsM osQoy lkgch fBdkuksa rd lhfer Fkh]
og dLcksa rd igq¡p pqdh gS vkSj uk'rs osQ :i esa yk[kksa&djksM+ksa
Hkkjrh; ?kjksa esa lsadh&ryh tk jgh gSA [kkuiku dh bl cnyh gqbZ
laLo`Qfr ls lcls vfèkd izHkkfor u;h ih<+h gqbZ gS] tks igys osQ
LFkkuh; O;atukas osQ ckjs esa cgqr de tkurh gS] ij dbZ u, O;atuksa osQ
ckjs esa cgqr&oqQN tkurh gSA LFkkuh; O;atu Hkh rks vc ?kVdj oqQN gh
ph”kksa rd lhfer jg x, gSaA cacbZ dh iko&Hkkth vkSj fnYyh osQ
Nksys&oqQypksa dh nqfu;k igys dh rqyuk esa cM+h ”k:j gS] ij vU;
LFkkuh; O;atuksa dh nqfu;k esa NksVh gqbZ gSA tkudkj ;s Hkh crkrs gSa fd eFkqjk
osQ isM+ksa vkSj vkxjk osQ isBs&uedhu esa vc og ckr dgk¡ jgh! ;kuh tks ph”ksa
cph Hkh gqbZ gSa] mudh xq.koÙkk esa I+kQoZQ iM+k gSA fiQj ekSle vkSj Írqvkas osQ
vuqlkj iQyksa&[kk|kUuksa ls tks O;atu vkSj idoku cuk djrs Fks] mUgsa cukus dh
iqQjlr Hkh vc fdrus yksxksa dks jg xbZ gSA vc x`fgf.k;ksa ;k dkedkth
efgykvksa osQ fy, [kjcw”ks osQ cht lq[kkuk&Nhyuk vkSj fiQj muls O;atu rS;kj
djuk lpeqp nq%lkè; gSA
;kuh ge ikrs gSa fd ,d vksj rks LFkkuh; O;atuksa esa deh vkbZ gS] nwljh
vksj os gh nslh&fons'kh O;atu viuk, tk jgs gSa] ftUgsa cukus&idkus esa lqfoèkk
gksA tfVy izfozQ;kvksa okyh ph”ksa rks dHkh&dHkkj O;atu&iqfLrdkvksa osQ vkèkkj
ij rS;kj dh tkrh gSaA vc 'kgjh thou esa tks HkkxeHkkx gS] mls ns[krs gq, ;g
fLFkfr LokHkkfod yxrh gSA fiQj dejrksM+ eg¡xkbZ us Hkh yksxksa dks dbZ ph”kksa
ls èkhjs&èkhjs oafpr fd;k gSA ftu O;atuksa esa fcuk esoksa osQ Lokn ugha vkrk]
mUgsa cukus&idkus osQ
ckjs esa Hkyk dkSu pkj
ckj ugha lkspsxk! 103

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olar Hkkx&2
[kkuiku dh tks ,d fefJr laLo`Qfr cuh gS] blosQ vius ldkjkRed i{k
Hkh gSaA x`fgf.k;ksa vkSj dkedkth efgykvksa dks vc tYnh rS;kj gks tkusokys
fofoèk O;atuksa dh fofèk;k¡ miyCèk gSaA u;h ih<+h dks ns'k&fons'k osQ O;atuksa
dks tkuus dk lq;ksx feyk gSµHkys gh fdUgha dkj.kksa ls vkSj fdUgha [kkl :iksa
esa (D;ksafd ;g Hkh ,d lPpkbZ gS fd ;s fofoèk O;atu bUgsa fu[kkfyl :i esa
miyCèk ugha gSa)A
vk”kknh osQ ckn m|ksx&èkaèkksa] ukSdfj;ksa&rcknyksa dk tks ,d u;k foLrkj
gqvk gS] mlosQ dkj.k Hkh [kkuiku dh ph”kssa fdlh ,d izns'k ls nwljs izns'k esa
igq¡ph gSaA cM+s 'kgjksa osQ eè;eoxhZ; LowQyksa esa tc nksigj osQ ^fVfI+kQu* osQ oDr
cPpksa osQ fVfI+kQu&fMCcs [kqyrs gSa rks muls fofHkUu izns'kksa osQ O;atuksa dh ,d
[kq'kcw mBrh gSA
ge [kkuiku ls Hkh ,d&nwljs dks tkurs gSAa bl n`f"V ls ns[ksa rks [kkuiku dh
u;h laLo`Qfr esa gesa jk"Vªh; ,drk osQ fy, u, cht Hkh fey ldrs gSaA cht
HkyhHkk¡fr rHkh vaoqQfjr gksaxs tc ge [kkuiku ls tqM+h gqbZ nwljh ph”kksa dh vksj
Hkh è;ku nsxa As elyu ge ml cksyh&ckuh] Hkk"kk&Hkw"kk vkfn dks Hkh fdlh&u&fdlh
:i esa ”;knk tkusaxs] tks fdlh [kkuiku&fo'ks"k ls tqM+h gqbZ gSA
blh osQ lkFk è;ku nsus dh ckr ;g gS fd ^LFkkuh;* O;atuksa dk iqujQ¼kj
Hkh ”k:jh gS ftUgsa vc ^,Fkfud* dgdj iqdkjus dk pyu c<+k gSA ,sls
LFkkuh; O;atu osQoy ik¡p flrkjk gksVyksa osQ izpkjkFkZ ugha NksM+ fn, tkus
pkfg,A ik¡p flrkjk gksVyksa esa os dHkh&dHkkj feyrs jgsa] ij ?kjksa&ck”kkjksa ls
xk;c gks tk,¡ rks ;g ,d nqHkkZX; gh gksxkA vPNh rjg cukbZ&idkbZ xbZ
iwfM+;k¡&dpkSfM+;k¡&tysfc;k¡ Hkh vc ck”kkjksa ls xk;c gks jgh gSaA ekSleh
lfC”k;ksa ls Hkjs gq, leksls Hkh vc dgk¡ feyrs gSa\ mÙkj Hkkjr esa miyCèk
O;atuksa dh Hkh nqxZfr gks jgh gSA

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[kkuiku dh cnyrh rlohj


vpjt ugha fd igys mÙkj Hkkjr esa tks ph”ksa xyh&eqgYyksa dh nqdkuksa esa vke
gqvk djrh Fkha] mUgsa vc [kkl nqdkuksa esa ryk'kk tkrk gSA ;g Hkh ,d dM+ok lp
gS fd dbZ LFkkuh; O;atuksa dks geus rFkkdfFkr vkèkqfudrk osQ pyrs NksM+ fn;k
gS vkSj if'pe dh udy esa cgqr lh ,slh ph”ksa viuk yh gSa] tks Lokn] LokLF;
vkSj ljlrk osQ ekeys esa gekjs cgqr vuqowQy ugha gSaA
gks ;g Hkh jgk gS fd [kkuiku dh fefJr laLo`Qfr esa ge dbZ ckj ph”kksa
dk vlyh vkSj vyx Lokn ugha ys ik jgsA vdlj izhfrHkkstksa vkSj ikfVZ;ksa esa
,d lkFk <sjksa ph”ksa j[k nh tkrh gSa vkSj mudk Lokn xaea gksrk jgrk gSA
[kkuiku dh fefJr ;k fofoèk laLo`Qfr gesa oqQN ph”ksa pquus dk volj nsrh
gS] ge mldk ykHk izk;% ugha mBk jgs gSAa ge vdlj ,d gh IysV esa dbZ rjg
osQ vkSj dbZ ckj rks fcYkoqQy foijhr izo`Qfrokys O;atu ijksl ysuk pkgrs gSaA
blfy, [kkuiku dh tks fefJr&fofoèk laLo`Qfr cuh gSµvkSj yx ;gh jgk gS
fd ;gh vkSj vfèkd fodflr gksuos kyh gSµmls rjg&rjg ls tk¡prs jguk ”k:jh gSA

r iz;kx 'kqDy

iz'u&vH;kl

fucaèk ls
1- [kkuiku dh fefJr laLÑfr ls ys[kd dk D;k eryc gS\ vius ?kj osQ
mnkgj.k nsdj bldh O;k[;k djsa\
2- [kkuiku esa cnyko osQ dkSu ls I+kQk;ns gSa\ fiQj ys[kd bl cnyko dks
ysdj ¯pfrr D;ksa gS\
3- [kkuiku osQ ekeys esa LFkkuh;rk dk D;k vFkZ gS\ 105

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olar Hkkx&2
fucaèk ls vkxs
1- ?kj esa ckrphr djosQ irk dhft, fd vkiosQ ?kj esa D;k ph”ksa idrh gSa vkSj
D;k ph”ksa cuh&cukbZ ck”kkj ls vkrh gSa\ buesa ls ck”kkj ls vkusokyh dkSu lh
ph”ksa vkiosQ ek¡&firk th osQ cpiu esa ?kj esa curh Fkha\
2- ;gk¡ [kkus] idkus vkSj Lokn ls lacafèkr oqQN 'kCn fn, x, gSaA bUgsa è;ku ls
nsf[k, vkSj budk oxhZdj.k dhft, µ
mckyuk] ryuk] Hkwuuk] lasduk] nky] Hkkr] jksVh] ikiM+]
vkyw] cSaxu] [k^k] ehBk] rh[kk] uedhu] dlSyk

Hkkstu oSQls idk;k Lokn

3- NkSd
a pkoy d<+h
l bu 'kCnksa esa D;k varj gS\ le>kb,A bUgsa cukus osQ rjhosQ fofHkUu izkra ksa
esa vyx&vyx gSAa irk djsa fd vkiosQ izkra esa bUgsa oSQls cuk;k tkrk gSA
4- fiNyh 'krkCnh esa [kkuiku dh cnyrh gqbZ rlohj dk [kkdk [khapsa rks bl
izdkj gksxk µ

lu~ lkB dk n'kd µ Nksys&HkVwjs


lu~ lÙkj dk n'kd µ bMyh] Mkslk
lu~ vLlh dk n'kd µ frCcrh (phuh) Hkkstu
lu~ uCcs dk n'kd µ ih”kk] iko&Hkkth

l blh izdkj vki oqQN diM+ksa ;k iks'kkdksa dh cnyrh rlohj dk [kkdk


106 [khafp,A

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[kkuiku dh cnyrh rlohj


5- eku yhft, fd vkiosQ ?kj dksbZ esgeku vk jgs gSa tks vkiosQ izkar dk
ikjaifjd Hkkstu djuk pkgrs gSaA mUgsa f[kykus osQ fy, ?kj osQ yksxksa dh enn
ls ,d O;atu&lwph (esU;w) cukb,A

vuqeku vkSj dYiuk


1- ^Ik+ QkLV Ik+ wQM* ;kuh rqjar Hkkstu osQ uI+ksQ&uqdlku ij d{kk esa okn&fookn djsaA
2- gj 'kgj] dLcs esa oqQN ,slh txgsa gksrh gSa tks vius fdlh [kkl O;atu osQ
fy, tkuh tkrh gSaA vki vius 'kgj] dLcs dk uD'kk cukdj mlesa ,slh lHkh
txgksa dks n'kkZb,A
3- [kkuiku osQ ekeys esa 'kq¼rk dk elyk dkI+kQh iqjkuk gSA vkius vius vuqHko
esa bl rjg oQh feykoV dks ns[kk gS\ fdlh fI+kQYe ;k v[kckjh [kcj osQ
gokys ls [kkuiku esa gksusokyh feykoV osQ uqdlkuksa dh ppkZ dhft,A

Hkk"kk dh ckr
1- [kkuiku 'kCn] [kku vkSj iku nks 'kCnksa dks tksM+dj cuk gSA [kkuiku 'kCn
esa vkSj fNik gqvk gSA ftu 'kCnksa osQ ;ksx esa vkSj] vFkok] ;k tSls ;kstd
'kCn fNis gksa] mUgsa }a} lekl dgrs gSaA uhps }a} lekl osQ oqQN mnkgj.k
fn, x, gSaA budk okD;ksa esa iz;ksx dhft, vkSj vFkZ lef>,µ
lhuk&fijksuk Hkyk&cqjk pyuk&fiQjuk
yack&pkSM+k dgk&lquh ?kkl&iwQl
2- dbZ ckj ,d 'kCn lquus ;k i<+us ij dksbZ vkSj 'kCn ;kn vk tkrk gSA vkb,
'kCnksa dh ,slh dM+h cuk,¡A uhps 'kq#vkr dh xbZ gSA mls vki vkxs c<+kb,A
d{kk esa ekSf[kd lkewfgd xfrfofèk osQ :i esa Hkh bls fn;k tk ldrk gSµ
bMyh & nf{k.k & osQjy & vks.ke~ & R;ksgkj & Nq^h & vkjke---

oqQN djus dks


n mu foKkiuksa dks bd_k dhft, tks gky gh osQ BaMs is; inkFkks± ls tqM+s gSaA
muesa LokLF; vkSj lI+kQkbZ ij fn, x, C;ksjksa dks Nk¡Vdj ns[ksa fd gdhdr
D;k gS\ 107

2019-20

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