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Tam Duong Tron

The theorem states that if six points A1-A6 lie on a circle and six points B1-B6 lie on another circle, such that pairs of points from A and B (A1B1, A2B2, etc.) lie on circles C1-C6, then the lines C1C4, C2C5, and C3C6 will concur. The theorem generalizes Brianchon's theorem. The proof uses inversions to show the lines connecting the points are concurrent. When the two original circles are concentric, the six points C1-C6 form a circumscribed hexagon.

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87 views2 pages

Tam Duong Tron

The theorem states that if six points A1-A6 lie on a circle and six points B1-B6 lie on another circle, such that pairs of points from A and B (A1B1, A2B2, etc.) lie on circles C1-C6, then the lines C1C4, C2C5, and C3C6 will concur. The theorem generalizes Brianchon's theorem. The proof uses inversions to show the lines connecting the points are concurrent. When the two original circles are concentric, the six points C1-C6 form a circumscribed hexagon.

Uploaded by

Dũng Nguyễn Tiến
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Eight circles theorem-A generalization Brianchon’s theorem

Proposed by Dao Thanh Oai, solution by Luis Gonzalez

January 30, 2014

Abstract
We give a result: Eight circles theorem

Theorem 1. Let A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 lie on a circle; B1 , B2 , B3 , B4 , B5 , B6 lie on another


circle. Such that A1 , A2 , B1 , B2 lie on a circle (C1 ), A2 , A3 , B2 , B3 lie on a circle (C2 );
A3 , A4 , B3 , B4 lie on a circle (C3 ); A4 , A5 , B4 , B5 lie on a circle (C4 ); A5 , A6 , B5 , B6 lie on
a circle (C5 ); A6 , A1 , B6 , B1 lie on a circle (C6 ). Then C1 C4 , C2 C5 , C3 C6 are concurrent.If
two circles (A1 A2 A3 ) and (B1 B2 B3 ) have same center, then six points C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 are
is a circumscribed hexagon

Figure 1: Eight circles theorem

Proof. Label (O1 ) and (O2 ) the circumcircles of the hexagons A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 and B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6
respectively. Invert (O1 ) and (O2 ) into concentric circles through an inversion centered

1
at one of their limiting points. In the new figure, by obvious symmetry, A1 A2 B2 B1 ,
A2 A3 B3 B2 , etc, become isosceles trapezoids with A1 A2 k B1 B2 , A2 A3 k B2 B3 , etc =⇒
cyclic hexagons A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 and B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 with corresponding parallel sides
are then homothetic =⇒ A1 A3 k B1 B3 =⇒ A1 A3 B3 B1 is isosceles trapezoid due to sym-
metry, thus in the original figure A1 A3 B3 B1 is cyclic. Hence, A1 B1 , A2 B2 , A3 B3 concur at
the radical center H of C1 , C2 , (A1 A3 B3 B1 ) =⇒ HA1 · HB1 = HA2 · HB2 = HA3 · HB3
=⇒ H is center of the direct inversion that swaps (O1 ) and (O2 ). By similar reasoning,
A4 B4 , A5 B5 , A6 B6 go through H.
Let O1 O2 cut (O1 ) and (O2 ) at X, Y and U, V respectively (U is between H,X and V is
between H,Y). Arbitrary ray issuing from H cuts (O1 ), (O2 ) at A, B. U XAB and V Y AB are
then cyclic =⇒ perpendicular bisector ` of AB cuts perpendicular bisectors of U X, V Y at
their circumcenters I, J, respectively. If M, N, L are the midpoints of AB, U X, V Y and P is
the projection of O2 on `, then from cyclic IM HN and JM HL, we have ∠N P O2 = ∠N IO2
and ∠LP O2 = ∠LJO2 . But since O2 I and O2 J clearly bisect ∠BO2 U and ∠BO2 V, the
angle ∠IO2 J is right =⇒ N IO2 = ∠LO2 J =⇒ ∠N P L = ∠N P O2 + ∠LP O2 = ∠LO2 J +
∠LJO2 = 90◦ =⇒ P moves on the circle ω with diameter N L =⇒ ` envelopes the ellipse
E with focus O2 , O1 and pedal circle ω.
As a result, perpendicular bisectors of A1 B1 , A2 B2 , etc, touch the ellipse E =⇒ hexagon
C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 is circumscribed to E. Hence, by Brianchon theorem, C1 C4 , C2 C5 and C3 C6
concur. Obviously when (O1 ) and (O2 ) are concentric, E becomes a circle concentric with
these.

Dao Thanh Oai, Kien Xuong, Thai Binh, Viet Nam.


Email address [email protected]
Luis Gonzalez, 5 Julio Avenue, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
E-mail address: [email protected]

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