ASSIGNMENT

JOINTS OF AXIAL & APPENDICULAR

SKELETON

Submitted to : Mam Ramesha

Submitted by : Tooba Shreen Tahir
Class : DPT 1st
Roll no : 48
Subject : Anatomy

FAISAL INSTITUDE OF HEALTH SCIENCE,

FAISALABAD
 AXIAL SKELETON
The axial skeleton is composed of the bones along the central
axis of the body.
 The skull
 The vertebral column
 The thoracic cage

The skull
 Cranial bones form the rounded cranium,which
completely surrounds and enclose the brain.
 Facial bones forms the bones of the face. They also
 Protect the entrance to the digestive and respiratory
system as well as
 Provide attachment sites for facial muscles.
Sutures of skull
 Sutures are joints that form the boundaries between
cranial bones.
 Dense regular connective tissue seals cranial bones
firmly together at a sutures.
 Allow the cranium to grow and expand during child
hood.
 In adult hood, when cranial growth has stopped,
the sutures fuse and are obliterated.

Types of sutures
1. Serrate sutures:
Sagittal suture between two parietal bones.
 Type: Fibrous joint
2. Denticulate suture:
Lambdiod suture present between parietal
and political bone.
Type: fibrous joint
3. Squamous sutures:
Temporo-parietal suture present between
temporal and parietal bones
Type: fibrous joint
4. Limbous sutures:
Slightly modified squamous suture. In modified
Temporo-parietal suture .
Type: fibrous joint.
5. Plane sutures:
 Interpalatine suture
 Palato-maxillary suture
 Zygomatico-palatine suture
Type: fibrous joint
6. Wedge and groove suture (schindylesis)
 Vomero-sphenoid suture
Joint of maxilla and mandible:
 Peg and socket joint (GOMBHOSIS)
Type: fibrous joint
JOINTS OF VERTEBRAL COLUMB
Joints of vertebral column includes
 Joints between vertebral arches
 Neurocentral joints of vertebrae
 Joints between the bodies of vertebrae
 Joints between articular process of vertebrae
 Joint between laminae of adjacent vertebrae
__ Types of joints of vertebral column includes
 Type of joint between vertebral arches is
Syndesmosis.
  Type of Neurocentral joints of vertebrae is
Synchondroses which is the primary cartilaginous
joint.
 Type of joints between bodies of vertebrae is
symphysis which is secondary cartilaginous joint.
 Type of joint between articular process of
vertebrae is which is also a secondary
cartilaginous joint.
 Type of joint between laminae of adjacent
vertebrae is Syndesmosis which is also a type of
secondary cartilaginous joint.
PUBIS SYMPHYSIS
 Symphysis which is a type of secondary
cartilaginous joint.
Coccyx
 sacrococcygeal symphysis joint which is a
type of amphiarthodial joint which is a type of
symphysis .
Here is a some images of superior and posterior view
of vertebrae and joints between the bodies of
vertebrae.
Superior view of vertebrae
 Lateral view of articular process of vertebrae & joints
between bodies of vertebrae

Anterior and lateral view of vertebral column

Joints of thoracic cage :
Joint of thoracic cage includes
 Manubriosternal joint
 Costovertebral joint
 Costotransverse joint
 Costochondral joints
 Condrosternal joints
 Interchondral joints
Types of joint in thoracic cage
 Manubriosternal joint is a secondary cartilaginous
joint.
 Costovertebral joint is a two plane synovial joint.
 Costotransverse joint is a synovial joint.
 Costochondral joints is a primary cartilaginous
joint.
 Chondrosternal joint is a primary cartilaginous
joint.
 Interchondral joints is a synovial joint.
Here is a some images of joints of thoracic cage and articular
process of rib.
Thoracic cage
 Appendicular skeleton joints

Type of Joints of Appendicular skeleton

Name of joints of Appendicular skeleton
 Inferior tibio-fibular joint
 Old sacro-iliac joint
 Coracoclavicular joint
 Intermetatarsal joints
 Carpometacarpal joint of thumb
 Shoulder joint
 Temporomendibular joint
  Knee joint
 Radiocarpal joint
 Cromio-clavicular joint
 Elbow joint
 Wrist joint
 Intermeta-tarsal joints
 Superior radio-ulnar joint
 Interphalangeal joint
 Proximal radio ulnar joint
 Atlanto-axial joint
Type of joint of Appendicular skeleton
Inferior tibio-fibular joint
This joint is a type of Syndesmosis .
Old sacro-iliac joint
This joint is a synovial joint which is converted into
Syndesmosis in older age.
Coracoclavicular joint
This joint is a type of Syndesmosis .
Intermetatarsal joint
This joint is a type of Plane joint.
Carpometacarpal joint of thumb
This joint is a type of saddle joint.
Shoulder joint
 This joint is a type of ball & socket joint & simple
joint.
Temporomendibular joint
This joint is a type of condyloid joint.
Knee joint
This joint is a type of condyloid joint & compound
joint.
Radiocarpal joint
This joint is a type of ellipsoid joint.
A Cromio-clavicular joint
This joint is a type of simple joint.
Knee joint
This joint is a type of compound and complex joint.
Radiocarpal joint
This joint is a type of ellipsoid joint.

Cromio-clavicular joint
This joint is a type of simple joint.
Elbow joint
This joint is a type of compound joint& Hinge joint
Wrist joint
 This joint is a type of biaxial longitudinal axis.
Intermeta-tarsal joints
This joint is a type of plane joint.
Superior radio-ulnar joint
This joint is a type of pivot joint.
Interphalangeal joint
This joint is a type of hinge joint.
Proximal radio ulnar joint
This joint is a type of pivot joint.
Atlanto-axial joint
This joint is a type of pivot joint.
Here is a images of types of joints present in human body