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Tutorial Sheet EEC2110 - Electrical Machines-I Unit - I and II (Transformers)

This document contains 10 questions about electrical transformers. It covers topics like calculating transformer parameters, efficiency, voltage regulation, and transformer connections. The questions involve calculations for single-phase and three-phase transformers related to voltage, current, power output, efficiency and more. Solutions are provided for some of the questions.

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Sunilkumar
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201 views

Tutorial Sheet EEC2110 - Electrical Machines-I Unit - I and II (Transformers)

This document contains 10 questions about electrical transformers. It covers topics like calculating transformer parameters, efficiency, voltage regulation, and transformer connections. The questions involve calculations for single-phase and three-phase transformers related to voltage, current, power output, efficiency and more. Solutions are provided for some of the questions.

Uploaded by

Sunilkumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial Sheet

EEC2110 – Electrical Machines-I

Unit -I and II [Transformers]


Q1. (a) A 2200 /220 Volt, 50 Hz, single phase transformer has exciting current of 0.6 A and a
core loss of 361 W when its h.v. side is energized at rated voltage. Calculate the two
components of the exciting current. [Ans. Ic = 0.164 A, Im = 0.577A]

(b) If the transformer of part (a), supplies a load current of 60 A at 0.8 power factor lag on its
l.v. side, then calculate the primary current and its power factor. Ignore leakage impedance
drops. [Ans. 0.766 lagging]

Q 2. A 10 kVA, 2500/250 V, single phase transformer has resistances and leakage reactances
as follows:

r1=4.8ohms, r2=0.048 ohms x1=11.2ohms, x2=0.112ohms,


Subscripts 1 and 2 denote high voltage and low voltage windings respectively. With primary
supply voltage held constant at 2500 V, calculate the secondary terminal voltage, when
(a) the l.v. winding is connected to a load impedance of 5+ j3.5.
[Ans. 242Volts]
(b) the transformer delivers its rated current at 0.8 p.f. lagging on the l.v. side.
[Ans. 241.55Volts]

Q 3. A 20 kVA,2500/500 Single-phase transformer has the following parameters:


l.v. r1=8 ohms x1= 17 ohms
h.v. r2=0.3ohms x2= 0.7ohms
Find the voltage regulation and the secondary terminal voltage at full load for a p.f. of (a) 0.8
lagging and (b) 0.8 leading.
The primary voltage is held constant at 2500 V. [Ans. 10.59%, -2.656%]

Q 4. Derive the condition for obtaining maximum efficiency in transformer.

Q5. In a transformer if the load current is kept constant, find the power factor at which
maximum efficiency occurs. [Ans. Unity p.f.]

Q.6. A 10 kVA, 2500/250 V, single phase transformer gave the following test results:
Open circuit test: 250V, 0.8A, 50 W
Short circuit test: 60 V, 3A, 45 W
a). Calculate the efficiency at 1/4, ½, 1 and 5/4 of full load at 0.8p.f.
b). Calculate the load kVA output at which maximum efficiency occurs and also the value of
maximum efficiency at 0.8p.f.
c). Compute the voltage regulation and the secondary terminal voltage under rated load at
power factors of (i) 0.8 lagging and (ii) 0.8 leading.
Ans. (a). 97.32%, 98.28%, 98.4%, 98.28% .
(b.) kVA O/P at max. efficiency does not depend on load p.f., 98.443%
(c). i.) 025p.u, 243.75 V ii.) -0. 0122p.u, 253.05 V.

Q.7. The maximum efficiency of a 100-kVA single phase transformer is 98% and occurs at
80% of full load at 0.8 p.f. If the leakage impedance of the transformer is 5%, find the voltage
regulation at rated load of 0.8 p.f lagging.
Ans. 0.0375 or 3.75%.

Q8. A 5 kVA single phase transformer has a core loss of 40 W and full load ohmic loss of
100 W. The daily variation of load on the transformer is as follows:
7 A.M.to 1 P.M.: 3 kW at 0.6 p.f.
1 P.M. to 6 P.M.: 2 kW at 0.8 p.f.
6 P.M. to 1 A.M.: 6 kW at 0.9 p.f.
1 A.M to 7 A.M : No load.
Determine the all-day efficiency of the transformer.
Ans. 95.98%.

Q.9. A 20 kVA, 2300 / 230V, two winding transformer is to be used as an autotransformer,


with constant source voltage of 2300 V. At full load of Unity power factor, calculate the
power output, power transformed, and the power conducted. If the efficiency of the two-
winding transformer at 0.6 pf is 96%, find the auto transformer efficiency at the same power
factor.
Ans. 220 kW, 20 kVA, 200 kVA, 99.54%.

Q.10. A 3-phase transformer is used to step down the voltage of a 3 phase, 11 kV feeder line.
Per-phase turn ratio is 12. For a primary line current of 20 A, calculate the secondary line
voltage, line current and output kVA for following connections:
a). star- delta b). delta- star c). delta-delta d) star- star. Neglect losses.
Ans. (a.)529.25 V, 415.68 A, 381.04 KVA
(b.) 1587.67 V, 138.568A, 381.04 KVA
(c). 6351 V, 240A , 381.04 KVA
(d) 11000/12 V , 240 A, 381.04 KVA

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