SMART DUSTBIN FOR AUTOMATIC WASTE

SEGREGATION
A mini project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the award of the Bachelor of Technology

IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Submitted by

B. POOJA (16341A0215)
G. HARIPRASAD (17345A0212)
K. SRINIVAS SHYAM (16341A0236)
P. HEMANTH KUMAR (17345A0206)
P. SOWJANYA (15341A0276)

Under the esteemed guidance of

Dr. G. Chandra Sekhar

Professor,

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

GMR Institute of Technology

An Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada, NAAC with “A”

Grade, NBA Accredited, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institution

G. M. R. Nagar, Rajam-532 127, A.P

April, 2019.
 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the mini project report entitled “AUTOMATIC

WASTE SEGREGATION USING ARDUINO” submitted by B. POOJA
(16341A0215), G. HARIPRASAD (17345A0212), K. SRINIVAS SHYAM (16341A0236)
P. HEMANTH KUMAR (17345A0206), P. SOWJANYA (15341A0276) in partial

fulfillment for the award of B.Tech. Degree in the discipline of “Electrical &
Electronics Engineering” to the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University,
Kakinada is a record of bonafide work carried out by us under my guidance and
supervision. The results embodied in this report have not been submitted to any
other University or Institute for the award of any degree or diploma.

Signature of the guide Signature of the H.O.D

Dr. G.Chandra Sekhar Dr. P. Bharani Chandra Kumar
Professor Professor & HOD
Dept. of EEE Dept. of EEE
GMRIT, Rajam GMRIT, Rajam
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives us an immense pleasure to express deep sense of gratitude to our guide,

Dr.G.Chandra Sekhar, Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering of
whole hearted and invaluable guidance throughout the report. Without his sustained and
sincere effort, this report would not have taken this shape. He encouraged and helped us to
overcome various difficulties that we have faced at various stages of my report.

We would like to sincerely thank N.S.S. Rama Krishna, Assistant Professor, Department of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering, for giving his direct and indirect support throughout
this term paper report.

We would like to sincerely thank Dr.P.Bharani Chandra Kumar, Professor

&HOD, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, for providing all the necessary
facilities that led to the successful completion of our report.

We take privilege to thank our Principal Dr.C.L.V.R.S.V.Prasad and Vice Principal Dr. J.
Raja Murugadoss, who have made the atmosphere so easy to work. We shall always be
indebted to them.

We would like to thank all the faculty members of the Department of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering for their direct or indirect support and also all the lab technicians for
their valuable suggestions and providing excellent opportunities in completion of this report.

B. POOJA (16341A0215)
G. HARIPRASAD (17345A0212)
K. SRINIVAS SHYAM (16341A0236)
P. HEMANTH KUMAR (17345A0206)
P. SOWJANYA (15341A0276)
 ABSTRACT

Now a days rapid advancements and increase in population have led to large generation of
waste. Segregation makes it possible to reuse and recycle the waste effectively. This project
proposes implementation of an automated waste segregator at household level using Arduino
microcontroller, to control the entire process with ease and simplicity. The sensing unit
consists of an IR (Infrared) sensor, a moisture sensor are used to detect and identify various
types of waste respectively. The main architecture of the segregator comprises of three
prominent stages consisting of an IR sensor, a ultrasonic sensor, a moisture sensor and the
segregation bins. The IR sensor detects the arrival of waste. Identification and separation of
waste is done by moisture sensor. The microcontroller controls all the activity of sensors.
Results have presented segregation of waste into wet and dry waste.

Keywords: Arduino Uno, Servo motor, Ultrasonic Sensor, IR Sensor, Moisture Sensor,
Power supply, motor driver.
 INDEX

Chapter Contents Page no.

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATIC WASTE SEGREGATION 01

1.1. Introduction
01

Chapter 2: SYSTEM DESIGN 02

2.1. Controller Unit 02

2.2. Sensor Unit 02
2.3. IR Obstacle Sensor 03
2.4. Moisture Sensor 03
2.5. Power Supply Unit 03
2.6. Servo Motor 03
2.7. Ultrasonic Sensor 04
Chapter 3: DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 05
3.1. Hardware Requirements
05
3.1.1. Arduino Uno 05
3.1.2. IR Obstacle Sensor 08
3.1.3. Moisture Sensor 09
3.1.4. Servo motor 10
3.2. Software Requirements
11
3.2.1. Arduino IDE 11

Chapter 4: EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND WORKING 12

4.1. Initial setup 12

4.2. Automatic Door Opening 12
4.3. Waste Segregation 13
Chapter 5: ARDUINO CODE 14
Chapter 6: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 17
5.1. Advantages of Waste Management 17
5.2. Disadvantages of Waste Management 18
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE 20

REFERENCES 21

BIBOLOGRAPHY 22
 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMATIC WASTE SEGREGATION

1.1. INTRODUCTION

As we are moving towards a more digitalized future, it is directly proportional to increase in

urbanization and industrialization. This is the main cause of generation of large amount of waste.
As per the report published by World Bank, approximately 1.3 billion tons of municipal waste is
generated every year and it is expected to rise to approximately 2.2 billion tons per year by 2025.
Due to this waste lies littered in the surrounding, dumped on open lands and this becomes major
problem for various types of disease causing bacteria and viruses which is why waste
management is of vital importance. Segregation makes it possible to reuse and recycle the waste
effectively. So the waste management becomes an important concern for the health and well-
being of the society. Presently, the waste segregation is done manually by installing different
bins for collecting different type of waste such as wet, dry and metal etc. But this method has lot
of discrepancy; one is being the Unawareness of most people towards waste management. Due to
lack of proper segregation methods, a large amount of untreated waste is dumped as landfills. So
our idea is to make a garbage segregator which can identify the type of waste and put them in
different bins accordingly and automatically. Implementing our project at household level will
reduce the expenditure on waste disposal, manual effort required for waste segregation and the
waste could be easily being recycled, reused and reduced.

Figure 1: Smart dustbin

Page | 1
 Chapter 2

SYSTEM DESIGN

The main goal of the project is to design and develop a sorting system that sorts and waste
automatically into two categories namely dry waste, wet waste. The general block diagram
shows of automated waste segregator. It consists of certain blocks which are explained as
follows.

Figure 2: Block diagram of automatic waste segregator

2.1. Controller Unit:

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be
used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a
power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.

2.2. Sensor Unit:

This unit includes two types of sensors, they are: IR sensor, Moisture sensor, which are placed
on a PVC plate.

Page | 2
 2.3. IR Obstacle Sensor:

An IR proximity sensor works by applying voltage to a pair of IR light emitting diodes (LED’s)
which in turn, emit infrared light. This light travels through the air and once it comes in contact
with an object, it is reflected back towards the detector. The waste is dumped into the AWS and
comes in proximity of IR proximity sensor module which marks the entry of the waste. When the
IR sensing unit becomes active, it sends a corresponding signal to controller which in turn
activates the other sensors.

2.4. Moisture Sensor:

The Soil Moisture Sensor is used for measuring the moisture in soil and similar materials. The
two large exposed pads are used as probes for the sensor, acting as a variable resistor. It
measures the volumetric moisture/water content indirectly by using some properties of the object
such as electrical resistance, dielectric constant, or interaction with neutrons, as a proxy for the
moisture content. The relation between the measured property and soil moisture must be
calibrated and may vary depending on environmental factors such as electric conductivity,
temperature, or soil type.

2.5. Power Supply Unit:

In this project, circuits, sensors &motors are used, which require +5V (DC) supply. To fulfill this
requirement we have used following circuit of power supply which provides regulated +5V
(DC). A 230V AC adapter which gives an output of 12V. IC 7805 is used as 5V regulator. It
converts 12V into regulated +5V.

2.6. Servo Motor:

Servo motor works on the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) principle, which means its angle of
rotation is controlled by the duration of pulse applied to its control PIN. Basically servo motor is
made up of DC motor which is controlled by a variable resistor (potentiometer) and some gears.
Servos are controlled by sending an electrical pulse of variable width, or pulse width modulation,
through the control wire. There is a minimum pulse, a maximum pulse, and a repetition rate.
A servo motor can usually only turn 90° in either direction for a total of 180° movement.
 2.7. Ultrasonic Sensor:

Ultrasonic sensors work by emitting sound waves at a frequency too high for humans to hear.
They then wait for the sound to be reflected back, calculating distance based on the time
required. This is similar to how radar measures the time it takes a radio wave to return after
hitting an object. Ultrasonic sound vibrates at a frequency above the range of human hearing.
Our ultrasonic sensors, like many others, use a single transducer to send a pulse and to receive
the echo. The sensor determines the distance to a target by measuring time lapses between the
sending and receiving of the ultrasonic pulse.
 Chapter 3

DESIGN

REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Hardware Requirements:

1. Arduino Uno:

Figure 3: Arduino Uno front panel

Arduino is a single-board microcontroller meant to make the application more accessible which
are interactive objects and its surroundings. The hardware features with an open-source hardware
board designed around an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller or a 32-bit Atmel ARM. Current
models consists a USB interface, 6 analog input pins and 14 digital I/O pins that allows the user
to attach various extension boards.

The Arduino Uno board is a microcontroller based on the ATmega328. It has 14 digital
input/output pins in which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, an ICSP
header, a USB connection, 6 analog inputs, a power jack and a reset button. This contains all the
required support needed for microcontroller. In order to get started, they are simply connected to
a computer with a USB cable or with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery.

Arduino Uno microcontroller can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of
sensors and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The
microcontroller is programmed using the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring) and
the Arduino development environment (based on Processing).

Pins(5V,3.3V,GND,Analog,Digital,PWM,AREF):

The pins on your Arduino are the places where you connect wires to construct a circuit (probably
in conjuction with a breadboard and some wire. They usually have black plastic ‘headers’ that
allow you to just plug a wire right into the board. The Arduino has several different kinds of
pins, each of which is labeled on the board and used for different functions.

i. GND (3): Short for ‘Ground’. There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which
can be used to ground your circuit.
ii. 5V (4) & 3.3V (5): As you might guess, the 5V pin supplies 5 volts of power, and the
3.3V pin supplies 3.3 volts of power. Most of the simple components used with the
Arduino run happily off of 5 or 3.3 volts.
iii. Analog (6): The area of pins under the ‘Analog In’ label (A0 through A5 on the UNO)
are Analog In pins. These pins can read the signal from an analog sensor (like
a temperature sensor) and convert it into a digital value that we can read.
iv. Digital (7): Across from the analog pins are the digital pins (0 through 13 on the UNO).
These pins can be used for both digital input (like telling if a button is pushed) and digital
output (like powering an LED).
v. PWM (8): You may have noticed the tilde (~) next to some of the digital pins (3, 5, 6, 9,
10, and 11 on the UNO). These pins act as normal digital pins, but can also be used for
something called Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM). We have a tutorial on PWM, but for
now, think of these pins as being able to simulate analog output (like fading an LED in
and out).
 vi. AREF (9): Stands for Analog Reference. Most of the time you can leave this pin alone. It
is sometimes used to set an external reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the
upper limit for the analog input pins.
vii. Reset Button:

Just like the original Nintendo, the Arduino has a reset button (10). Pushing it will temporarily
connect the reset pin to ground and restart any code that is loaded on the Arduino. This can be
very useful if your code doesn’t repeat, but you want to test it multiple times. Unlike the original
Nintendo however, blowing on the Arduino doesn't usually fix any problems.

viii. Power LED Indicator:

Just beneath and to the right of the word “UNO” on your circuit board, there’s a tiny LED next to
the word ‘ON’ (11). This LED should light up whenever you plug your Arduino into a power
source. If this light doesn’t turn on, there’s a good chance something is wrong. Time to re-check
your circuit!

ix. TX RX LEDs:

TX is short for transmit, RX is short for receive. These markings appear quite a bit in electronics
to indicate the pins responsible for serial communication. In our case, there are two places on the
Arduino UNO where TX and RX appear -- once by digital pins 0 and 1, and a second time next
to the TX and RX indicator LEDs (12). These LEDs will give us some nice visual indications
whenever our Arduino is receiving or transmitting data (like when we’re loading a new program
onto the board).

x. Voltage Regulator:

The voltage regulator (14) is not actually something you can (or should) interact with on the
Arduino. But it is potentially useful to know that it is there and what it’s for. The voltage
regulator does exactly what it says -- it controls the amount of voltage that is let into the Arduino
board. Think of it as a kind of gatekeeper; it will turn away an extra voltage that might harm the
circuit. Of course, it has its limits, so don’t hook up your Arduino to anything greater than 20
volts

2. IR Obstacle Sensor:

Infrared Obstacle Sensor Module has builtin IR transmitter and IR receiver that sends out IR
energy and looks for reflected IR energy to detect presence of any obstacle in front of the sensor
module. The module has on board potentiometer that lets user adjust detection range. The sensor
has very good and stable response even in ambient light or in complete darkness.

Figure 4: IR Obstacle Sensor

An IR sensor consists of an IR LED and an IR Photodiode; together they are called as Photo–
Coupler or Opto–Coupler. As said before, the Infrared Obstacle Sensor has builtin IR transmitter
and IR receiver. Infrared Transmitter is a light emitting diode (LED) which emits infrared
radiations. Hence, they are called IR LED’s. Even though an IR LED looks like a normal LED,
the radiation emitted by it is invisible to the human eye. Infrared receivers are also called as
infrared sensors as they detect the radiation from an IR transmitter. IR receivers come in the
form of photodiodes and phototransistors. Infrared Photodiodes are different from normal photo
diodes as they detect only infrared radiation. When the IR transmitter emits radiation, it reaches
the object and some of the radiation reflects back to the IR receiver. Based on the intensity of the
reception by the IR receiver, the output of the sensor is defined.

3. Moisture Sensor:

The Moisture sensor is used to measure the water content (moisture) of soil. When the soil is
having water shortage, the module output is at high level; else the output is at low level. This
sensor reminds the user to water their plants and also monitors the moisture content of soil. It has
been widely used in agriculture, land irrigation and botanical gardening.

Figure 5: Moisture sensor

To employ this soil moisture sensor for detection of moisture in waste, a sensing unit is designed.
This unit consists of two parallel lines throughout some small area in the plate. These parallel
lines are connected to the probes of the soil moisture sensor.
 Figure 6: Moisture Sensing Unit

4. Servo motor:

Servo motor works on the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation ) principle, which means its angle of
rotation is controlled by the duration of pulse applied to its control PIN. Basically servo motor is
made up of DC motor which is controlled by a variable resistor (potentiometer) and some gears.

Servo motors control position and speed very precisely. Now a potentiometer can sense the
mechanical position of the shaft. Hence it couples with the motor shaft through gears. The
current position of the shaft is converted into electrical signal by potentiometer, and is compared
with the command input signal. In modern servo motors, electronic encoders or sensors sense the
position of the shaft

We give command input according to the position of shaft. If the feedback signal differs from the
given input, an error signal alerts the user. We amplify this error signal and apply as the input to
the motor, hence the motor rotates. And when the shaft reaches to the require position, error
signal become zero , and hence the motor stays standstill holding the position..
We take three wires are out of a servo - positive, ground and control wire. A servo motor is
control by sending a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal through the control wire. A pulse is
sent every 20 milliseconds. Width of the pulses determines the position of the shaft.

Here we have used positional Servo motor. Positional rotation servo motor is the most important
servo motor. Hence it is also the most common type of servo motor. The shaft output rotates in
about 180 degree. Additionally it includes physical stops located in gear mechanism to stop
turning outside these limits to guard the rotation sensor. These common servos involve in radio
controlled water, ratio controlled cars, aircraft, robots, toys and many other applications.

Figure 7: Servo motor

3.2 Software Requirements:

i. Arduino IDE:

Arduino is an open-source computer hardware and software company. The Arduino Community
refers to the project and user community that designs and utilizes microcontroller-based
development boards. These development boards are known as Arduino Modules, which are
open-source prototyping platforms. The simplified microcontroller board comes in a variety of
development board packages. The most common programming approach is to use the Arduino
IDE, which utilizes the embedded C programming language. This gives you access to an
enormous Arduino Library that is constantly growing thanks to open-source community.
 Chapter 4

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP AND WORKING

4.1 Initial setup:

Connect the Arduino board to PC by using cable. Open the Arduino IDE software, take a new
file and type a program then compile the code. After code compilation, go to Tools select Port:
“Arduino Uno” in that select “Arduino Uno”. After that again go to tools select “Port: “COM4
(Arduino Uno)”. In the next step we are going to upload the program to our Arduino board. Once
code is uploaded we get done uploading command.
When we get done uploading command then its confirmed code is uploaded to Arduino Uno
board. Then initially put some dry or wet waste to garbage bin, after that press reset button of
Arduino board if the waste collected is wet then motor rotate to right direction and put wet dust
into wet garbage bin. If collected waste is dry, then motor rotate to left direction and put the
waste into dry garbage bin. If collected waste is wet, then motor rotate towards right direction
and put the waste into wet garbage bin.

Figure 8: Experimental Setup

4.2 Automatic Door Opening:
When the power supply is given to the Arduino and the peripheral equipment, the ultrasonic
sensor continuously monitors the distance. When the person comes below 27cm distance, the
Arduino immediately actuates the servo motor. Then the servo motor rotates from 0 degrees to
54 degrees.the servo motor moves the door lever and then the door opens.
If no waste is put into the dustbin, the Arduino wait for 1 second and then it closes the door by
making the servo to come to 0 degrees.

4.3 Waste Segregation:

The segregating unit consisting of a pvc plate on which, moisture sensor and IR obstacle sensor
are mounted. The obstacle sensor continuously moniters the surface. Once the obstacle is
detected, immediately it checks the moisture sensor output. If the output of the moisture sensor is
dry, the servo motor turns the plate to one direction. If the moisture sensor output is wet, the
servo motor turns the plate in opposite direction. this process repeates for every cycle of
operation.
 Chapter 5

ARDUINO CODE

The auduino code for automatic waste segregating dustbin is shown below:

#include <Servo.h>
Servo myservo;
Servo myservo1;
int pos1=90;
int pos = 0;
const int trigPin = 5; //for ultrasonic sensor
const int echoPin = 6; //for ultrasonic sensing
const int led = 13;
int obstaclePin = 4; // This is our input pin
int hasObstacle = HIGH; // HIGH MEANS NO OBSTACLE
int sensor_pin =8; //pin for moisture sensor
int wetpin= HIGH; //creating variable for moisture sensing
long duration;
float distance;

void setup()
{
myservo.attach(11);
myservo1.attach(9);
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
pinMode(obstaclePin, INPUT);
pinMode(sensor_pin, INPUT);
myservo1.write(pos1);
myservo.write(pos);
}
void loop()
{
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance = 0.034*(duration/2);
if (distance < 27)
{
digitalWrite(led,HIGH);
myservo.write(pos+120);
hasObstacle = digitalRead(obstaclePin);
if (hasObstacle == LOW)
{
wetpin=digitalRead(sensor_pin);
if(wetpin == LOW)
{
for (pos1 = 90; pos1 >= 0; pos1 -= 1)
// in steps of 1 degree
{myservo1.write(pos1);
delay(5);
}
delay(100);
for (pos1 = 0; pos1 <= 90; pos1 += 1)
// in steps of 1 degree
{myservo1.write(pos1);
delay(5);
}}
else
{
for (pos1 = 90; pos1 <= 180; pos1 += 1)
// in steps of 1 degree
{myservo1.write(pos1);
 delay(5);
}
delay(100);
for (pos1 = 180; pos1 >= 90; pos1 -= 1)
// in steps of 1 degree
{myservo1.write(pos1);
delay(5);
}}}
delay(1000);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(led,LOW);
myservo.write(pos);
}
delay(300);
}
 Chapter 6

ADVANTAGES AND

DISADVANTAGES

5.1 Advantages of Waste Management:

Waste management involves the collection and disposal of both hazardous and non-
hazardous wastes from all the sectors of a society. We shall now look in detail the benefits of
proper garbage disposal.
1. Keeps the environment clean and fresh:
Perhaps, the greatest advantage of waste management is keeping the environment fresh and
neat. Also a point worthy of our consideration here is that this advantage can be taken into
account only if extensive and proper safety measures are implemented along with proper
waste disposal techniques. There is no use in simply implementing a half-baked technique
which, if no use to both the people and the environment. This is the best effects of proper
waste disposal.
2. Saves the Earth and conserves energy:
This characteristic of waste management includes specifically the recycling aspect. As
recycling of waste helps in reducing the cutting down of trees. This cutting of trees is mainly
done for the production of paper. By using this method, we can use the recycled waste to
make quality papers rather than relying on trees. Also, recycling needs only a minimal
amount of energy for utilization and complete processing. The resultant product we obtain is
a renewable source of energy and is eco-friendly.
3. Reduces environmental pollution:
As explained above, waste management if done in a proper manner not only eliminates the
surrounding waste, but also will reduce the intensity of the greenhouse gases like methane,
carbon monoxide which is emitted from the wastes accumulated. The depth of the existing
landfills and incinerations will be curbed, thereby cutting down the harmful factors that
affect the environment. Also, the amount of fossil fuels will get reduced in this manner,
leading to a cleaner and a greener environment.
 4. Waste management will help you earn money:
Can you believe if I say that what I have said above is absolutely true? Yes, waste
management earns you a few extra bucks every month. Actually, there are many companies
which will pay you for your waste.

5.2 Disadvantages of Waste Management:

We have now seen the merits of waste management in detail. Let us now have a look at the
disadvantages also.
1. The resultant product has a short life:
This is also true since the resulting recycled product cannot be expected to have a durable
quality. As the product itself has its origin from the remains of the other trashed waste
products and heaps of partially used ones. The recycled product, though, is eco-friendly is
expected to have a shorter life span than the intended original one.
2. The sites are often dangerous:
As the waste management sites include the landfills to recycling units under its aegis, these
sites are highly susceptible to fungal and bacterial growth thereby leading to various
diseases.
Even the debris formation will be accelerated by such bacterial growth, which makes it
totally unsafe for the workers who work there. It also causes a widespread pollution and
releases harmful chemicals. These chemicals, when mixed with drinking water or any other
consumable item pose a high amount of danger to the human health.
3. The practices are not done uniformly:
Still, a large scale of these waste management practices are done only as a small scale
process and is mostly confined to residential homes, schools and colleges and is not practiced
in a uniform manner in large industries and conglomerates. It is not even practiced globally,
as the global level consists of curbing oil spills, ocean disposals and decreasing the tree
felling.
4. Waste management can cause more problems:
Though waste management creates employment, it only has the ability to produce low
quality jobs. These jobs include right from sorting the garbage collected to the intensive and
laborious jobs that are needed in the factories and outlets.
Daily basis collection of garbage will make the streets look unpleasant and unhygienic
leaving excess debris on the streets to rot up. Even after the successful completion of the
final stage, many chemical stews will be left behind which needs to be properly and
completely disposed, otherwise they will also pose a threat to the environment which makes
the ultimate purpose of waste management go redundant.
Also, in the areas where these management units are present, it is noticed that the
groundwater gets affected. So, it too causes a considerable extent of water pollution and land
pollution.
Thus, considering the pros and cons of waste management, we can only realize that the
ultimate goal of waste management relies in waste minimization and curbing only. However,
the aspects of recycling and processing wastes cannot be omitted since they attribute an
environmental issue to our area of study. It also makes the whole process to be economically
viable and increase the sustenance of the process thereby making it less susceptible to the
legal frameworks and conventions of each country. The energy flow from the producers to
the consumers must be retained as it is in the original ecosystems and the recycling should
work in tandem with the generalities of nature.
Thus, not even a single aspect can be deleted from the whole process. At the same time, the
process too cannot be stopped by considering the demerits alone. It should be implemented
step by step and should move from a small scale industry to a larger one, thereby eliminating
the problems which arise in the midway by finding suitable strategies and solutions for the
problems.
The government too should support the practices by easing the rules and encouraging all its
citizens to practice the same in their households and can also provide a reward for those who
practice these measures in an effective manner.
Methods like vermin composting, generating energy from solar cells and e-wastes, using the
recycled water for household practices can be easily preached to the commoners in a simple
way to follow. This will aid and enhance the fertility of our soil, reduce environmental
pollutions, increase the ground water level ultimately making our environment a safe haven
to live. This will be the real legacy we have to leave behind for the forthcoming generations.

CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE

CONCLUSION:
The automatic waste segregating dustbin segregates the dry and wet wastes automatically.
when we put the waste inside it, it automatically detects the moisture in it and store the dry
and wet wastes separately. This dustbin is useful where the segregation of waste is
complicated. It reduces the man power requirement for segregation. The automatic door
opening system makes the system user friendly. This system can be applicable for large scale
operations for effective results.

FUTURESCOPE:
In future, scope, this system can be equipped with metal sensor for detection of metal
wastes. The proximity sensor can be employed which can enhance the accuracy by detecting
moisture inside the objects. By applying this system to the public service, this system can
save man power and money for people and government.
REFERENCES:

[1] G. S. Rohit, M. B. Chandra, S. Saha and D. Das, "Smart Dual Dustbin Model for Waste
Management in Smart Cities," 3rd International Conference for Convergence in Technology
(I2CT), Pune, 2018.
[2] N. S. Kumar, B. Vuayalakshmi, R. J. Prarthana and A. Shankar, "IOT based smart garbage alert
system using Arduino UNO," 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), Singapore, 2016.
[3] David W Wood dell E-Waste- National Geographic January, 2008.
[4] PIC16F87XA Data Sheet 28/40/, Microchip Technology Inc., 2003.
[5] Ramakanth Gaikwad,”Op amp circuits”, 4 th Edition, Prentice Hall/Pearson Education, 2001.
[6] LM293D Datasheet, STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES, 2003.
[7] Louis Nashelsky and Robert Boylestad, “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory”, 11thedition,
Pearson Education India, 2006.
 BIBOLOGRAPHY
B. POOJA (16341A0215) [email protected]
G. HARIPRASAD (17345A0212) [email protected]
K. SRINIVAS SHYAM (16341A0236) [email protected]
P. HEMANTH KUMAR (17345A0206) [email protected]
P. SOWJANYA (15341A0276) [email protected]