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177 & 211 Assignment Manual

This document describes Experiment 1 of the Advance Fluid Mechanics Lab (CE 201) course. The objective is the demonstration of a centrifugal pump. The key parts of a centrifugal pump are described including the impeller, casing, suction pipe, strainer, and delivery pipe. The working principle is also explained where kinetic energy is converted to pressure energy. Safety precautions for the experiment and sample viva questions are provided at the end.

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Nafees Khaliq
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49 views

177 & 211 Assignment Manual

This document describes Experiment 1 of the Advance Fluid Mechanics Lab (CE 201) course. The objective is the demonstration of a centrifugal pump. The key parts of a centrifugal pump are described including the impeller, casing, suction pipe, strainer, and delivery pipe. The working principle is also explained where kinetic energy is converted to pressure energy. Safety precautions for the experiment and sample viva questions are provided at the end.

Uploaded by

Nafees Khaliq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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International Islamic University Islamabad

Department of Civil Engineering (DCE)


Faculty of Engineering & Technology (FET)

Advance Fluid Mechanics Lab


(CE 201)

 Semester # 04 (Fall-18)
 Assignment # 01

Submitted to: Engr. Irfan Ullah

Submitted by: Nafees Khaliq


( 177-FET/BSCE/F18 )

Abdur Rehman Aouf


( 211-FET/BSCE/F18 )

P.O. Box 1243Aljamia IIUI PK, Sector H-10, New Campus, Islamabad-Pakistan.
Website: http://www.iiu.edu.pk, Tel: 051-9019928, Fax: 051-9258025
1. EXPERIMENT NO. 1: Demonstration of Centrifugal Pump

1.1. Objective 1.2. Apparatus Required 1.3. Theory 1.4. Labelled Diagram 1.5. Precautions
1.6. Comments 1.7 Viva Section

1.1 OBJECTIVE: -

 Demonstration of centrifugal pump.


.
1.2 APPARATUS/PARTS:
1 Variable speed centrifugal pump apparatus
2 Basic Hydraulic Feed System
3 Water as working fluid
4 Connecting Pipes

Figure 01

1.3 THEORY:

1.3.1 INTRODUCTION:

Pumps fall into two main categories:

(1) Positive displacement pumps :-


In a positive displacement pump, a fixed volume of fluid
is forced from one chamber into another.
(2) Rotodynamic pumps :-
Rotodynamic (or simply dynamic) pumps impart momentum
to a fluid, which then causes the fluid to move into the delivery chamber or outlet. Turbines
and centrifugal pumps all fall into this category.
Definition :-
 Centrifugal Pump Converts mechanical Energy from a motor to the energy of
moving fluids
 A portion of energy goes into the kinetic energy of the fluid motion, some into the
potential energy , against gravity , to a high altitude.
 A centrifugal pump is a rotating machine in which flow and pressure are generated
dynamically

1.3.2 MAIN PARTS :

1. Impeller: The rotating part of a centrifugal pump is called “Impeller”. It consists of a


series of backward curved vanes. The impeller is mounted on a shaft which is connected
to the shaft of an electric motor.
2. Casing or chamber: The casing of a centrifugal pump is similar to the casing of a
reaction turbine. It is an air-tight passage surrounding the impeller and is designed in
such a way that the kinetic energy of the water discharged at the outlet of the impeller
is converted in to pressure energy before the water leaves the casing and enters the
delivery pipe. The following three types of casing are commonly adopted:
a. Volute casing
b. Vortex casing
c. Casing with guide blades
3. Suction pipe: it connects the inlet of the pipe to the pump from which the water is to be
pumped.
4. Strainer: it is provided at the lower end of the suction pipe which prevents the solid
bodies and debris from entering the pump which is not prevented will result in
damaging the impeller.
5. Delivery pipe: its lead water from the pump outlet to the desired point.
6. Prime mover: It drive the shaft of an impeller. It may be an IC engine or electric motor.

1.3.3 WORKING PRINCIPLE / OPERATING PRINCIPLE :-


 It works on the principle of forced vortex flow or Centrifugal Force .
 Liquid enters the suction nozzle and later into the eye of the impeller due to the
rotation of the pump impeller.
 Low Presuure Region “pulls” the Liquid towards the eye of the impeller.
 The rotation of the impeller radially pushes the
liquid centrifugal acceleration.
 The centrifugal force and curved nature of the Blade pushes the liquid in the
tangential and radial direction.
 Convert Velocity or kinetic energy into the pressure energy.
 The conversion of energy occurs due to two main parts 1) Impeller 2) Volute or
diffuser
 Impeller : Driver Energy Kinetic Energy
 Volute : Kinetic Energy Pressure Energy
 Initial resistance offer by the Pump “casing “ catches the liquid and slow its down
 Additional resistance is created when the liquid is decelerated ( Discharge Nozzle)
Velocity Energy Pressure Energy

Characteristics Curve of Centrifugal Pump

 The operating characteristics of a centrifugal pump may be described or illustrated


by using graphs of pump performance. The three most commonly used graphical
representations of pumpperformance are:
a) Change in total head produced by the pump, Ht
b) Power input to the pump, Pm
c) Pump efficiency, E

1.4 LABELLED
DIAGRAM
1) Display and controls
2) Centrifugal pump
3) Motor
4) Ball valve for adjusting the delivery pressure
5) Delivery side Pressure manometer
6) Intake side Pressure manometer

1.5 Precautions :
1. Flush and clean the system thoroughly to remove dirt or debris in the pipe system
in order to prevent failure at initial pump start-up.
2. Bring variable-speed drivers (if installed) to the rated speed as quickly as possible.
3. Generally if the temperatures of the pumped fluid will exceed 200°F (93°C), then
warm up the pump prior to pump start-up.
4. Always disconnect and lock out power to the driver before you perform any
installation or maintenance tasks.
5. Do not operate the centrifugal pump below the minimum rated flows

1.6 Comments :

1.7 Viva Questions:

1) Define different casing of pump i.e. volute, vortex and casing with guided vanes?

2) What is axial flow centrifugal Pump?


3) Why the head decrease as discharge increases?

4) What is multistage pump?

Laboratory Skills Rubric:

Lab Title: FM Lab CE-201 L


Date:
Student Name: Reg. #

Instructor’s Name:_ Total Marks:

Instructor’s Signature: Marks Obtained:

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