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Outline: Standalone Friend Function Friend Class

Friend functions allow non-member functions access to private and protected members of a class. They can be standalone functions or member functions of another class. A class can declare another class or function as a friend using the friend keyword, granting access to private and protected members. This allows functions to directly access and modify private members, which can be useful for implementing operations between classes.

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35 views15 pages

Outline: Standalone Friend Function Friend Class

Friend functions allow non-member functions access to private and protected members of a class. They can be standalone functions or member functions of another class. A class can declare another class or function as a friend using the friend keyword, granting access to private and protected members. This allows functions to directly access and modify private members, which can be useful for implementing operations between classes.

Uploaded by

TRUE LOVERS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Friend Function

• Outline:
• Standalone Friend Function
• Friend Class
Friends of Classes
• Friend: a function or class that is not a member
of a class, but has access to private or protected
members of the class
• A friend function can be a stand-alone function
or a member function of another class
• It is declared a friend of a class with friend
keyword in the function prototype
friend Function Declarations

• Stand-alone function:
friend void setAVal(intVal&, int);
// declares setAVal function to be
// a friend of this class
Friend Function
Friend Function

• The declaration of friend function can be placed anywhere in the


class i.e. public or private.
Finding Distacne Squre without
Friend Function
Finding Distacne Squre without
Friend Function

• More approriate way to find square of distance is to use the following


notation.
Finding Distacne Squre with
Friend Function
Finding Distacne Squre without
Friend Function
friend function
friend Class Declarations
• Class as a friend of a class:
class FriendClass
{
...
};
class NewClass
{
public:
friend class FriendClass; // declares
// entire class FriendClass as a friend
// of this class
…
};
Friend Class
Friend Class

• We could also have declared beta to be a class before the alpha class
specifier, as in previous examples.
• class beta;
• and then, within alpha, referred to beta without the class keyword:
• friend beta;
SUMMARY

• Standalone Friend Function


• Friend Class

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