C3 FUNCTIONS Answers - Worksheet B

1 a = g(5) = −3 b = g(6) = −4 c = f(5) = 17 d = h(9) = 86

e = g(−3) = 5 f = f(−1) = −7 g = h(−6) = 41 h = f( 294 ) = 26

2 a = f(ln 20) = 17.0 b = g(ln 3) = 0.455 c = f(cos 5) = 3.42 d = g(cos (−4)) = 0.794
e = g( 434 ) = −0.243 f =h(cos6.7)= −0.0895 g = h(ln 50) = 1.36 h = h(0.5) = −0.693

3 a = f(1 − 3x) b = f(2x + 1) c = f(x2 + 4) d = h(2x + 1)

= 2(1 − 3x) + 1 = 2(2x + 1) + 1 = 2(x2 + 4) + 1 = (2x + 1)2 + 4
fg : x → 3 − 6x, ff : x → 4x + 3, fh : x → 2x2 + 9, hf : x → 4x2 + 4x + 5,
x∈ x∈ x∈ x∈
e = g(x2 + 4) f = g(1 − 3x) g = h(1 − 3x) h = g(2x + 1)
= 1 − 3(x2 + 4) = 1 − 3(1 − 3x) = (1 − 3x)2 + 4 = 1 − 3(2x + 1)
gh : x → −3x2 − 11, gg : x → 9x − 2, hg : x → 9x2 − 6x + 5, gf : x → −6x − 2,
x∈ x∈ x∈ x∈

4 a = g(4 − x) b = h(ex) c = f(2x2 + 7) d = g(ex)

x
= e4 − x = 2(ex)2 + 7 = 4 − (2x2 + 7) = ee
x
gf : x → e4 − x, hg : x → 2e2x + 7, fh : x → −2x2 − 3, gg : x → ee ,
x∈ x∈ x∈ x∈
e = g(2x2 + 7) f = f(4 − x) g = f(ex) h = h(4 − x)
2
2 x +7 x
= e = 4 − (4 − x) =4−e = 2(4 − x)2 + 7
2
+7
gh : x → e 2 x , ff : x → x, fg : x → 4 − ex, hf : x → 2x2 − 16x + 39,
x∈ x∈ x∈ x∈

5 a ff(x) = f(5x −3) b hf(x) = h(5x − 3) c gf(x) = g(5x − 3) d hg(x) = h(3x2 + 1)

1 1
= 5(5x − 3) − 3 = = 3(5x − 3)2 + 1 = 2
5x − 3 − 2 3x + 1 − 2
1 1
= 25x − 18 = = 75x2 − 90x + 28 =
5x − 5 3x 2 − 1
1 1
25x − 18 = −8 =2 75x2 − 90x + 28 = 28 = 1
2
5x − 5 3x 2 − 1
x= 2
5
1 = 10x − 10 15x(5x − 6) = 0 3x2 − 1 = 2
x= 11
10
x = 0, 6
5
x2 = 1
x=±1
1 1 1
e fh(x) = f( ) f fg(x) = f(3x2 + 1) g gh(x) = g( ) h hh(x) = h( )
x−2 x−2 x−2
5 3 1 x−2
= −3 = 5(3x2 + 1) − 3 = + 1 = =
x−2 ( x − 2)2 1
x− 2
−2 1 − 2( x − 2)
5 3 x−2
−3=7 = 15x2 + 2 +1=4 =
x−2 ( x − 2)2 5 − 2x
5 x−2
= 10 15x2 + 2 = 32 (x − 2)2 = 1 = −2
x−2 5 − 2x
2
5 = 10x − 20 x =2 x−2=±1 x − 2 = −10 + 4x
x = 52 x=± 2 x = 1, 3 x = 83

 Solomon Press
C3 FUNCTIONS Answers - Worksheet B page 2

6 a gh(x) = g(ex) b fg(x) = f(3 + 2x) c hg(x) = h(3 + 2x) d gf(x) = g(ln x)
= 3 + 2ex = ln (3 + 2x) = e3 + 2x = 3 + 2 ln x
3 + 2ex = 9 ln (3 + 2x) = 3.6 e 3 + 2x
=4 3 + 2 ln x = 10.4
ex = 3 3 + 2x = e3.6 3 + 2x = ln 4 ln x = 3.7
x = ln 3 x = 12 (e3.6 − 3) x = 12 (ln 4 − 3) x = e3.7
x = 1.10 x = 16.80 x = −0.81 x = 40.45

7 a g(x) > 0 8 a = f(4) = 7

x ex + 1
b fg(x) = f(e ) = b gf(x) = g(4x − 9) = (4x − 9)2
5
ex + 1
= 17 ∴ (4x − 9)2 = 25
5
ex + 1 = 85 4x − 9 = ± 5
ex = 84 x = 14 (9 ± 5) = 1, 7
2
x = ln 84 = 4.43 (3sf) c fg(x) = f(x2) = 4x2 − 9
y

( − 32 , 0) O ( 32 , 0) x

(0, −9)

9 a = g(1) = 4 b = h(2) = e3 c =g(e−3) = 1 d = f(tan 1) = 74.7 (3sf)

−1
e = h(tan 0.2) f = f(4 + ln 7) g = h( e 2 ) h = f(4 + e)
= 0.552 (3sf) = −0.351 (3sf) = 1.24 (3sf) = 0.465 (3sf)

10 a = f(4x + 1) b = g(3ex + 2) c = h(3ex + 2) d = g(4x + 1)

1
= 3e4x + 1 + 2 = 4(3ex + 2) + 1 = x
= 4(4x + 1) + 1
3e + 2 + 1
1
fg : x → 3e4x + 1 + 2, gf : x → 12ex + 9, hf : x → , gg : x → 16x + 5,
3e x + 3
x∈ x∈ x∈ x∈
1 1
e = h(4x + 1) f = g( ) g = h( ) h = g(16x + 5)
x +1 x +1
1 4 1
= = +1 = = 4(16x + 5) + 1
4x + 1 + 1 x +1 1
x +1
+1
1 4 + x +1 x +1
hg : x → , = = ggg : x → 64x + 21,
4x + 2 x +1 1+ x +1
x+5 x +1
x ∈ , x ≠ − 12 gh : x → , hh : x → , x∈
x +1 x+2
x ∈ , x ≠ −1 x ∈ , x ≠ −1, −2

 Solomon Press
C3 FUNCTIONS Answers - Worksheet B page 3

x +1 x +1 x +1
11 a fh(x) = f( ) b fg(x) = f(e1 + 2x) c gh(x) = g( ) d hh(x) = h( )
3 3 3
x+1
x +1 1+ 2 ( x+1)
+1
= +4 = e1+ 2 x + 4 = e 3
= 3
3 3
x + 13 2 x+5
x +1+ 3
= e1+ 2 x + 4 = 7 = e 3
=
3 9
x + 13 2 x+5
x+4
=3 e1 + 2x + 4 = 49 e 3
= 11 =
3 9
x + 13 2x + 5 x+4 2
=9 e1 + 2x = 45 = ln 11 =
3 3 9 3
x + 13 = 27 1 + 2x = ln 45 2x + 5 = 3 ln 11 3x + 12 = 18
x = 14 x = 12 (ln 45 − 1) x = 12 (3 ln 11 − 5) x=2
x = 1.40 (3sf) x = 1.10 (3sf)
x+4
e hg(x) = h(e1 + 2x) f hf(x) = h( x + 4 ) g ff(x) = f( x + 4 ) h ghh(x) = g( )
9
e1+ 2 x + 1 x + 4 +1 1+ 2 ( x+ 4 )
= = = x+4+4 = e 9

3 3
e1+ 2 x + 1 x + 4 +1 1 2 x+17
= 1.2 = x+4+4 =3 = e 9

3 3 2
2 x+17
e1 + 2x = 2.6 x+4 = 1
2
x+4 =5 e 9
= 1
2
1 2 x + 17 1
1 + 2x = ln 2.6 x+4= 4
x + 4 = 25 = ln 2
9
x= 1
2
(ln 2.6 − 1) x = −3 34 x = 21 x= 1
2
(9 ln 1
2
− 17)
x = −0.0222 (3sf) x = −11.6 (3sf)

12 a h(x) = fg(x) b h(x) = gf(x) c h(x) = gg(x)

d h(x) = ff(x) e h(x) = gff(x) f h(x) = gfg(x)

13 a j(x) = fg(x) b j(x) = hf(x) c j(x) = gh(x)

d j(x) = gg(x) e j(x) = fhg(x) f j(x) = hfg(x)

14 a gf(x) = g(5x − 7) 15 a gf(x) = g[2(x + 1)] = [2(x + 1)]2 − 9

= 2(5x − 7) + 3 gf : x → 4x2 + 8x − 5, x ∈
= 2(5x) − 11 range: gf(x) ≥ −9
gf : x → 2(5x) − 11, x ∈ b gf(x) = (2x + 5)(2x − 1)
b 2(5x) − 11 = 10 y
5x = 212
ln 21
x= 2
= 1.46 (3sf)
ln 5
( − 52 , 0) O ( 12 , 0)
(0, −5)

c gf(x) − 2f(x) = a
4x2 + 8x − 5 − 2[2(x + 1)] = a
4x2 + 4x − (a + 9) = 0
no real roots ∴ b2 − 4ac < 0
16 + 16(a + 9) < 0
1+a+9<0
a < −10

 Solomon Press