A Practical Guide for Selection & Application 2 Oi) tb Edition: 3.2 FANTECH Intelligent VentilationThe ventilation of car parks is essential for removing vehicle exhaust fumes containing harmful pollutants. Some of these pollutants include Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrous Oxides (NO,), Sulphur Dioxide (SO,) and heavy metal compounds. The most significant development in car park ventilation design has been the introduction of Impulse Ventilation. It is an innovative alternative to traditional systems and provides Pence eet aon eects eta cof small high velocity ‘JetVent Fans’ that either replace tradiional distribution ductwork eee eed et ae nn ise ace In addition to removing pollutants, the ventilation systems may also provide assistance to fire fighters by either limiting the spread of smoke in the event ofa fire or clearing smoke after t eee Mr ten ete es ene cece) the world for both car park ventilation and smoke management control systems. Se eae ee eet cacao through out Australia, New Zealand and South East Asia. a Ree eee ene eee aero le a Leek ee rae acd — Ee Lone eee mea ae ee Cs also confirmation of Fantech’s commitment to innovation, Cee ee et een oePaSaemese nea iors a : ‘The capacity of a single fan increases eae with its thrust rating. All JetVent car park fans are rated according to this in Newtons (N) of thrust. See page 21 for further information. All JetVent Fan types are tested to the e : eo following Standards: s * Thrust performance based on tests : ae to BSB48: Part 10:1999. * Noise data based on tesis to BSB48: Part 2:1985, enti e + Awial and Centrifugal units tested for ‘smoke spill requirements r as outlined in AS4429:1999, 2 |© FANTECHJeiVen fan types Figure (a) Conventional ducted ventilation ayator Figure 1 (b) Impulee ventilation eyctom Figure 2. Workings of a JefVent or Impulee fan © FANTECH | 3@Axial JV Series - JetVent Fans BO em ea) = Cee ge ce 2 Se ee Te ee and 400mm diameter and provides options for Ane oe ae ee a cee Re esse Meu rede Reeser] controlled using Variable Speed Drives (VSD). Re cerry eon ee hee Caer aoe y High Low High Low High Low High Low High Low Fely VSD speed speed speed speed speed spead speed spead speed speed (SaePage29 (SeePage 30) e158 49Guard (indirection modo /—L— pice (ovnibe md Vertical Product : A By [eae eo) ra ee H SVUCPARS | 1008 «1420308417, 2513387420 JVU-CPA400 2680145042871 2513 N20 Note High/Low speeds selected by 2-speed motor Further fan options available for Truly Reversible, ‘smoke exnaust rated and single speed models. Electrical supply -415V, three-phase, SOHz. For the exact product cades of JV series fans, centact your nearest Fantach office. Approx. 1 Weight kg 26062 360071 @ FANTECH | 5.Cor park Free-field Power Control Fan Speed Installed Noise Rating Noise eves Rating ating nes Code vs N dB) dB(a)@3m KW 2-Speed | Analogue High Low High Low High Low High Low High Low [ sped speed speed spesd spend speed spend speed speed pend (Pag) Guage) WUCPMFEON 23 10 50 22 70 07 09 0 am oa f XX || sr |tea) 055 |) AS WUCPCHION 29 12 100 10 G2 of 72 sr 24 0081 Sf Sf * Carperkinstaled noise levels apply €m away ftom the fan with multiple fans operating ‘Contact your nearest Fartech office to confm ths is appiicable ta your inetalltion, MUCPOZ5ON 24 12 50 12 02 06 * Estimated power consumption. Table 2. JetVent JIU series technical data 6 | © FANTECHJIUCPMFSON 1602 313 788 83 2 13 Bf2 6/5 ILCPCZSIN 1265 288784752513 BB 30, MUCPCAION 1530 3301144 eS 21S 128 Note: ‘+ High/Low speeds selected by switching trom star to datta electiical connection, + Further fan options available for low noise/low Speed models. * Electrical supply - 415V, three-phase, 50Hz Dimensional Drawing EO ey FO 1 Approx, Weight, kg 605 n 225 86 605 150 @ FANTECH | 7High Temperature ese Series - JetVent Fans rae pee Poere| | ee || eee | ees || eer || eet waselees nang Ral ae 4 deny an} 9m AW Spe Ange pe rg |u| | tw ig a eg uo | Aes at ed ened eed ce fd el od ee (eee 50 2 78 ot a0 442 04s XY SSU-CPC-OON 21 14 100 50 77 68 8 so 26 07% X “+ ar park rattled nose levels apply Sen aay fom the fan with multple ane operating Contact your nearest Pantech ofc to ean ths is appleabieo your nesaaton “Estimated power consumpton Table 3. JetVent ISU series technical data 8 |© FANTECHBe) = es) = a el ee Dimensional Drawings Airflow [WsuierctoN| 122 250 700 102 200 807 427 60 Note: High/Low speeds selected through VSD contro fans ta listed speed. Lower noise leve's achievable win turtner speed reduction When VSDs are used with these models, sinusoical fers are required in the power supply 10 these fans. Electical supply - 415V, three-phase, S02. @ FANTECH | 9.@Digital EC ~ JIU-CPCEC Series JetVent Fans The JIU-CPCEC ceries of JotVent fans ropresenis a new stop forw: eeu Seu eeu cu aero Uta ts Eo eecs (ei eeu eco mee cere kean uot Poem ree eet Eanes ee ce Iteven simpifies electrical connections between fans in the car park. Rea oe High Prost High Presst High Preset High Pres High Prest High Presa ‘pocd speed” epacd epacd* epead epocd* epcad speed" epacd epecd* epscd epocd* JUGPOEGHP) 1230 655 £15 452 752 60 655 566 29 10° 48 18 MUCECECSD) 1770 1208 622 284 724 @50 B44 5B7 17 OF” 29 11 SUGAGECIH) 1770 1120 488 189 764 650 687 57 17 O04 29 08 * Car park inctallod noice lovelo apply Bm away from tho fan with muitiple fare oporating **Freo-old noite rating appies 2m avy from the fan with multiple fare operting Contact your nearest Fantech office to confim i this is applicable to your installation, ~ esumated power consumgticn. * Pre-set speed so fan does not operate aloe the AS2107-2000 recommended noise level of 654B(A) @ 8m. Table 4. JetVent JIU-CPCEC series technical data 10 | © FANTECHSl -@ Isolator Kit (Code: JIU-ISOLATORKIT) ‘Smoke Detector Kit (Code: JIU-SMOKEKIT) @ FANTECH | 11JIU-CPCEG-LH/SD Vertical Product ; Gael A Ha = a JIUCPCECHP 1893 402 1151 11030 18 1240 460 © 800 160 WUCREECSD 1705 970081 SUCPCECLIH = 1745 322 906 3 25 13 973 605 875 69 ee SE eon . eee ee en ] + Elocrical supply -415V, threo phaso, 50H. 12 |© FANTECH ] cSystem Layouts & Applications Assisted Natural Flow/Augmented Ducted System14 |© FANTECH Alinear flow system uses JetVent Fans pointing in the same general direotion to move air from ono end of a car park to the other. This, system ie similar to a traditional mechanically ducted system, the main difference is that the JetVent Fans direct air flow from a single supply pont to a single exhaust point. For this scheme to work effectively. the exhaust and supply points should be located on opposing ends of the oar park across its longest dimensions (refer to Figure 4). this is not the case, units arranged for oroular mixing may be a better solution (refer to following page)JetVent Fans can be positioned around the car park to generate air movement in a ciroular pattem. ‘The result is that air gets mixed and stirred throughout the entire ‘area, which provides greater dilution of pollutants within the car park. Figure 5 gives an example of this system layout and shows the direction of air flow from supply to exhaust. Circular mixing fs suitable for smaller car parks where the length and width of the oar park is less than 50m. This system also provides added flaxbilty when positioning supply and exhaust points. Unlce a lineaflow system. ‘ ciroular mixing system does not tequire exhaust and supply points 40 be on opposite sides of tho ‘car park.16 |© FANTECH Figure 6(0). Natural air path to be avoided For ‘Linear Flow Systems’, supply and exhaust points should be spaced across the length of a car park. ‘Circular Mixing Systems’ are more tolerant of closely placed supply and exhaust points, but itis advisable to have a good amount of separation. ‘Supply air points should include access ramps to outside. ‘The impulse ventilation system layout should complement the natural air path from supply to exhaust points.- (b)’Ceiling features (c) Vertical clearance ‘To make the system more effective, Sufoient veal olearance ensures poston JetVent Fans intine with maximum flebilty in system design. ‘supporting ceiling beams as illustrated JetVent Fans may be recessed between in Figure 7(@). If this is not possible, the ceiling beams to minimise the height of system becomes less effective and more tho eyeioni: fans may be needed. Figure 7) Figure 2(2). Sufcient clearance Fan's air movernent pavalel to beams is ‘masterecive Figure 7(0). Figure 8(0).Insumctent clearance Fan's a movement perpendicular to beams is loss effectve @ FANTECH | 17If there is no option and the JetVent Fans nust blow across ceiling beams, they have to be positioned a sufficient distance away from the obstruction as illustrated in Figure 9(b). A hori- zontal distance eight times (@x) the height 2f the obstruction is generally sufficient. Nozzles on. ‘the JetVent units are specially designed ard angled downwards for this purpose. Min 8 x 200mm=1600mm. Place mechanical service components, such as sprinklers, signs and pipework out of the JetVent's discharge patiem area. Examples of these olashes are shown below. Figure 10(a). An example of how to avoid clashes Figure 10(0). Signs can impede fan throw win ppe-work Figure 10(4). Pipo work can imped fan throw Figure 10(e). Jet fan layout in relation to sprinkler heads. 18 |© FANTECHStep 2 Identify Fan Selection and Spacing Table 5 shows the maximum and recommended spacings between JetVent Fans for different levels of fan thrust. These spacing distances are guidelines for fans planed in series. When using these spacings, air velocities in most of the ventilated areas should be greater than m/s. Anaiysis will determine whether this is achieved in a particular car park: design. In some ideal cases, designs using the maximum distances have been aflective. Fan thrust depends on the operating specd of a partioular fan unit and its thrust rating. See tables one to four for the thrust ratings of various fan models at different speeds. ‘Operating Recommended fan to fan Maximum fanto fan Approximate Yan thrust spacing distance spacing distance coverage area 50N 45m om 000m? 28N 24m 45m 580m? 25N 20m 40m 500m? 19N 23m 30m 300m? 12N tam om 250m ee that using fewor higher ratod JetVent fans gonerally makes the system more cost efiective than using more lower rated fans. However, to effectively ventilate car parks with unusual or irregularly shaped geometites, selecting more fans with smaller thrust ratings may bo necessary. 25m, som, (Sree Figure 11(@). Two 25N fans Figure 11(). One 50N fanStep 3 - Design Example For the purpose of estimating costs, the steps below may be bypassed. Allow 5N of thrust per 100m? of car park floor area to approximate the number of fans required. Fans should be placed in the laneways win the alr blowing along tnem. This wil ensure inat the high air velocities close to the outlet nozzle do not significantly disturb pedestrian traffic as \volocitise will be lower at the lane edges. Alco, ensure that the throw pattem of tho solociod fan slong enough to reach me next imputse fan, Figure 12 shows an example of how fans are sized and placed based on floor area. Design and implementation 2 xi oe es 20 |© FANTECHDesign parameters: Placement of CO sensors: ‘© Based on 5N per 100m floor area, Because the guidelines for positioning CO sensors _ in AS1668.2:3012 is based on a ductod ystom, minimum totalfan thrust = carpark for area x NAICOM® a ron oce that the following guiceines be used as = 1920m=x 5N/100m= a starting point for their placement in a jet fan system. = son 4. No par oftho enclosure shal bo greator than 25 + Minimum thrust crietia can be achieved with metres from a sampling point. (A 50 mete 4x JISU-CPC-50N Tans on low speed Gameter circle around a CO sensor can show (Operating thrust 25N), total fan nrust= 26N x 4= 100N. ‘coverage areas). + Fans are spaced within the 30m spacing recommendation 2. Additional detectors shall be installed in aroas {or 25N trust Where people may congregate within the car park and ae not within separately ventilated areas. ‘+ Final fan 10 wall spacing under 49m maximum spacing {guide lines for 25N ran ihrust. This Is because tne exnaust Point is an area of low pressure, making It likely to enhance the fan throw distance. 4. CO sensors will he more effective if placed in areas: vihere CO levels are likely to be high. Eg Placing a (CO censor in front of afresh air intake is not Tkely to be effective. 2. The most practical mounting postion for aCO- corso within a car parkis tho support colurmms. Key === CO Sensor (1 oF 2 per fan) lEEEEE_RS485 ComLink cable lS 9 Phase Power Supply 4 seert £0 Fans 2 Variable Speed Drives (VSD) @ _servnaion ten vam Gar parte tloor area = 1920m® Figure 12. Fan sizing and placement examle @ FANTECH | 21Design and implementation 22 |© FANTECH Step 4- Calculate Supply & Exhaust Rates Section 4 of AS1668.2:2012 details requirements for ventilating car parks. In particular, sub-sections 4.4.3 and 4.4.4.2 of the standard outlines calculations of exhaust, rales. In any of the two cases below, the echaust airflow rate for a car park is taken as the greatest of the following caloulations: eR TE Roe ac Ue Ur eee ened Car parks with less than Ber ont b) 25x Litres/s ©) 4001, xP Litests ‘tc 90% of the exhaust air quantity. This is based the pressuristion ofthe car park, which should be 12Pa maximum. Reference information for the oaloulation ef exhaust air flow rates in the tablo above: A =the area of the zone cr lavel, in square metros d, = the average driving distance, in metres, within the zone or level under consideration for the exit ofa car parked there (see Clause 4.4.4.1) the average driving distance, in metres, within the zone or level under consideration for the exit of a car whose exit route passes through the zone or level under consideration, but excluding any part of the exit route designated as queuing areas and ventilated in accordance with Clause 4.6 (see Clause 4.4.41) ‘the staff exposure factor determined irem page 41 F =the staff usage factor determined trom page 41 1a, = the number of parking spaces in the zone of level under consideration (see Clause 4.3.2) ‘the number of parking spaces situated in other parts of the car park, having exit routes, passing though the zone or level under consideration P = the parking usage factor determined frem page 40 T = the vohiclo type factor doterminad irom page 40 Ifthe car park has significant queuing aress for vehicles, refer to seotion 4.6 in AS1668.2:2012Step 5- Select your control strategy The EcoVent Control System s a tailored solution, designed to efficiently manage the car park ventilation equipment. It helps maintain good air quality when the car park traffic is high and conserve energy when itis low. Overview ‘The EcoVent Control System works in conjunction with the JetVent fans, CO and NOx pollutant sensors, variable speed drives, supply and exhaust fans and the BMS. The EcoVent Control ‘System has been developed to help increase the energy efficiency of a car park, while ensuring the ventilation output is optimized. It will vary the operating speed of the ear park fans according to when the requirements and demand in the environment develop. When the CO or NOx pollutant lovels withn the car park reach a pro-set levol, the ventilation fans begin to ramp up in speed. As the levels Increase and decrease during the course of the day night, the speed of the fans and thereforethe ventilation rate also increase and decrease, The EooVent Control ‘System oan also be connected to the fire system in the building to manage the automatic fans (depending on fire management and control the fans at the Fire Indicator Panel (FIP) by manual speed x» conirol. Some buildings also require links from Tihneshr the Building Management ‘System (BMS) to monitor BZ Ener Twospeed tcoent Demand the operation of the JetVent aed Grain, Sete system in the car park. Fan 24 | © FANTECH+ Quick and easy to install and commission + Controller's pre-set parameters increase and deerease the fan's speed Inypropottion to demand PMI increase the energy efficiency of your car park ‘+ Helps maintain good air quality + Connects to the FIP + Full speed override function + Purge timer function + Can connect to a BMS for monitoring + Ihe EooVent controller can be factory pre-configured to suit specific car parks requirements. * Automatic/oti/manual modes of operation + Integrated smoke detection Manual and Auto functionalityDesign and implementation @ Step 5 (a) - Digital EC Control Systems The system comprises of impulse fans that incorporate intelligent, highly efficient Electronically Comnutated (EC) motors. There are two types of Digital EC control systems. [DP Digital EC JetVent fans and analogue VSD control for supply and exhaust Benefits for both control strategies + Most cost etiecive solution + Minimal cabling as digital snesssenss ate tsa ie + Digital monitoring : Peeves HP cseatee coe) + Easy installation + Ecoy commissioning * Lowest running costs + Excellent novse to airflow ratio + Soft starting motors —> inp 26 | © FANTECHAdditional benefits of control strategy 2 * Controller can monitor the VSDs for actual (anropecd ane cit rey eat ection ‘that may occur. No additional control equipment is required for this monitoring eect Up to 24 JetVent fans 48 sensors ‘Ean be opersted by the EzoVant fone Contreller econ Pea: Key Note: —ooetpat + Fantech sensois included in the Digtal EC Control Systems have been designed —> sin ‘spenticaly fortis purpose. Please contact Fantech for sutabilty of ary other sensor. * 120 ohms end of line resister should be used * Both control statagies must use a Vacon 100 HVAC variable speed drive for supply ‘and exhaust fans. @ FANTECH | 27g Step 5 (b) - Analogue Systems An analogue system comprises of impulse fans that incorporate AC motors. There are two ways of controlling these fans and three different contiol systems. Methods of controlling an analogue system (@) Stepped approach (ie. High/low speed ) Two-spead control involves seting the fans to off, ow or high speed with a two-speed motor and relays. The relays are switched by the controll and in tum power contactors to the motor windings. The relays are switohed at varicus set points corresponding to sensor readings in the oar park. This is a simple and low cost way 0 0 of achieving basic speed control of JetVent fans in a car park. Design and implementation Ramped control y to pollutant levels inta.car park. The EooVent contol system will control a VSD using @ 0.40 Vde analogue signal. This system of speed control s more cnorgy offoiont as it providos more precise control of the fan speed against pollution levels. 28 |© FANTECHTwo speed JetVent fans Using relays to drive contactors connected to the fans @ FANTECH | 29} ey ®This control system has been primarily designed to improve tho energy efficiency of a ducted ventilation system in new and older car parks. It is a packaged and tailored solution that ensures the exhaust and supply fans ere ‘working at the speed required to maintain good air quality when the car park traffic is high and conserve energy when itis low. NO.Sensors. } upto22 J This type of control system reads the signal from the CO or NOx pollutant sensors and relays these to variable speed dives that modulate the speed of the supply and exhaust fans @ FANTECH | 31Figure 14). eter instalation Using ant-toraion Step 6 Installation JetVent Fans are typically hard mounted to the concrete calling of the car park using Emm fixing bolts. In some cases, fans may be set off the celling through the use of brackets and anti-vibration mounts. This may be the case # there are unavoidable obstructions near the discharge air stream. To maintain the building's structural integrity, methods of ammxing fans may need to be approved by a structural engineer In general, vibration isotation is not required when insialing JetVent Fans in retail or commercial office car parks. However, anti-vibration mounts may be required for installatons underneath resiential buildings or floor structures that are flexible or vibration sensitive. An isolation efficiency of 20%, or as otherwise specified by the design consultant, would be recommended. The images below show typical Jetvent ‘an insiallations. Step 7 Commissioning the System ‘The following points are guidelines given regarding the procedure for commissioning a JetVent Impulse Yentiaton system: Cheek each fan's rotation when tne {fan is fist started. When the direction of rotation is incorrect, immadiately advise ‘he electrical contractor so that wiring at the motor terminals can be changed. ‘The following individual elements are then measured: + Airflow and running current for eachof the Jetvert Fans to verily their performance in the fleld, +The running currant and fan pressures for all the main exhaust fans should be checked and noted. Main exhaust and supply fan should be commissioned for air flow as usual heck inamiaual GO/NO, ‘sensor operation using supplier's recommendations. This may also Include sensor calibration. Check GO/NO, sensor naming/ numbering in accordance to the control strategies. Use sensor's in-built test mode to assist with commissioningStart, Approx 80m visibility 18min. 40m vsbilty "45min, 2m visbiity 32 min,, +60m visibility Overall performance/clearance may be checked by using cold smoke. A.cold smoke testis considered a practical ‘way of representing the airflow in a fully enclosad car park. The main objectve cf the cold smoke test is to visually confirm good ait distribution in the car park, and ensure that ‘dead spots’ aro not prosont. Once the car park is open for use and sufficient vehicles are: observe system operation f0 operating as expected. that adaltional signs or othe have not been installed in that they impede with the air ot ne system. ‘Due to aittering periods of operation, recommended inspection and maintenance periods may vary. Itis suggested that Inspection ang, it necessary, fan cleaning (with non-abrasive cleaner) is carried out at rogular intervals of 5000 running hours or 12 months, whichever comes fist. All mounting fasteners, should b= checked for tightness within 4.8 weeks of ‘commissioning and periodically ihereanet Bearings are a ‘sealed-forlife' ype and hence will not need re-groasing. The motor’s Cleanliness must be checked to ensure ‘overheating from dit and dust buildup does not occur Itpossibie visually check to make sure thal the fans rotating components are not fouching any otner Parts of the fan.In order to comply with the Builctng Codes of Australia (BCA), a building solution must satisty the performance requirements as outlined in Section A.C8. This can bo achioved by: a) Complying with the “Deomedto. Salisty” provisions in the BCA. ) Formulating an alternative solution that complies with performance requirements or is shown to be equivalentto the Deemed-to-Salisly provisions in the BCA. For car park ventilation, the current “Deemed-to-Satisty” requirements as outlined in the BCA requires ventilction system complying with AS1600.2:2012 and ASNZS1600.1:1986 or an adequate system of permanent natural ventilation (Section F4.11). ©-FANTECH ‘A81608.2:2012 is the current Standard relevant {0 ventilation of buildings as referenced in the BCA. As per this standard, the target of a ‘ear park ventilation system isto limit Carbon Monoxide (GO) concentrations to levels specitieg in Worksafe and National Health and Medical Research Criteria (NHMRC). Under AS1668.2:2012 jet fans can be used to meet the Deamed.-to-Satisty provisions of the BOA. Clause 1.2(0) of AS18882 20128 intended {0 apply to situations where 1 or 2 jet fans are serving a dead spot in a car park. Where the installation falls outside of these guidelines, the system is no longer considered Deemed-io-Satisty and itis recommended that an alternative solution should be performed As only supply and exhaust fans are spectically mentioned in AS/NZS1868.1:1008 Section 5.5, jetfans Should be treated as an alternative solution to the ECA trom atfire and smoke ‘control perspective (in addition to the ventlation requirements). Therefore the fire engineer on the project would need fo add jet fans into ther fre engineering report for the project and ensure that they meet the relevant BCA performance clauses.System Compliance BCA Performance clauses ‘An Independent Stalutory Body has agreed that ine relevant performance requirements applicable to jet fans are EP1.4, EP2.2 and FP4.4 of BCA2013 (where jet fans are outside of the Deomed-to-Satisty requirements). The most commen mathod of proving campliance is by performing an alternative solution, System compliance Hf an alternative solution is required, a repori will need to be submitted to the relevant approval authority to show that complance with Performance Requirements EP1.4, E22 and FP4.4 are achieved. These performance requirements are shown below. BCA2013 EP1.4 ‘An aulornaic fie suppression systemn rust te Installed to the degree necessary to racillate 10 contro! the development and spread of fire appropriate to — a) The size of the fire compartment: and b) The function or use of the building; and ©) The fire nazard, and ) The height of the building. Guidance: In practical terms, the impact on sprinkler activation times should be minimised. ‘This can be achieved with careful placement of jet fans in relation to sprinkier heads and by ensuring that jet fans are shut down prior to predicted sprinkler activation for the specific car park. Sprinkers must be installed as per the BCAand AS 2118 11999. Fast response sprinkler heads may bo an option to encure activation tmes aro minimised. Note: I ot fans aro shut down by moke detection prior to sprinkler: due to jet fans interaction becorne largely Irlevant. Hi with je! fans operating are stl desirable as they may be considered a redundancy in that the smoke detection system fails. Example of Jet fan layout in relation to sprinkler heads. 36 | © FANTECHBCA2013 EP2.2 (@) In the event of a fire in @ building the Conattions in any evacuation route must be maintained for the period of me occupants take to evacuate the part of the building so that- 0) the temperature wil not ‘endanger human Ife: and () te fevel of vsiotity will enable the evacuation rouie to be cetormined; and (ii the tevel of toxicty wil not endanger human life (0) The period of time occupants take to evacuate referred ta in (a) must be appropriate to- The number, mobity anc other characteristics of the ‘coupants; and (te tunoton or us (Wi) Any active fire safety systems Installed in the building; and Wil) Fire brigade intervention BCAZ013 FPa.4 ‘A mechanical air-handling system installed ina building must control 4) the circulation of objectionable odours; and ) the accumulation of harmful contamination by micro-organisms, pathogens and toxins. The most comprehensive way of demonstrating this is by building a Computation Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Model of ine car park. The model nas to simulate Pollution and air flow movement within the car park to ensure that Carbon Monoxide levels meet the requirements outined above. While this approach is precise land ensures that the designed systom works throughout the car park, it may be unnecessary for smaller car parks and ‘those partially sorved by natural ventilation. In thase cases, ‘expert judgement’ or knowledge gained from projects ‘completed previously may indicate that ‘4 proposed car park ventilation design using JetVent Fans will be adequate. Having defined the scenario for assessing the performance of ne car park system, there are a number of ways of proving that tho vontilation design performs adequately. ‘This standard contains information that will assist in the formulation of ‘an alternative design... In order for the impulse ventilation system to be ‘approved as an alternative design fn ee ot ‘twill Doren ih occas amen (i) 100ppm peak value, and (ii) 30pm Time-Weighted ‘Average (TWA) over 8hrs ‘These quidelines are derived from Appendix N of AS1688 2:2012 ‘The opp thr maximum average is taken to be the significant design criteria. This is because guidelines in ‘A81008.2:2012 regarding the pollution levels of cars and maximum traffic ‘scenarios work on the basis of a ‘worst ‘case condition’ of one hour in duration, ‘Also, itthis Is met It's safe to say that GO levels will be well under the 100ppm peak valuos allowed in tho standard, ‘Tho 30ppm time woighted avorage appears lo apply lo car parks where people work within the confines of the car park without having separate ventilation ‘systems for their work area. Examples of this include car parks with ‘a car wash inside or parking attendant booths with no other sources of ventiation. in most cases, tne third GO concentration criteria wil not apply to the ‘car park due to the lack of these features. @ FANTECH | 3738 | © FANTECH Computational Flug bynamics (CFD) Is the use of computer-generated models to simulate ine aerodynamic behaviour around objects within a space. When attemative systems are proposed, as outlined on page 34 of this guide, a CFD analysis is a good methad to demonstrate to approving authorities that the system is likely to perform satisfactorily. In order to successfully perform a CFD analysis, the following information is requires: Mechanical and architectural drawings are required in AutoCAD format with the locations of any obstructions to air flow, such as suport columns, included. These drawings must also display plan views and elevations wih detailed cross-sections to illustrate floor and ng heights Exnaust and supply air tlow rate caiculations pravided by the consuting engineer Exhaust and supply air outletsjiniets are clearly marked on the drawings with all relevant dimensions and details shown. Parameters for GO calculation are to be supplied correctly as per Clause 4.4.4.1 of AS1868.2:2012. This includes the number of cars, trafic paths and relevant parameters as per the standard (see pages 40 and 41 Tor reference). Anotner option is for tne consutting ‘engineer to clearly state an alternative international standard to be used for calculation purposes. ‘The JetVent Fan type, model and control thod is clearly stated and indicated ‘The target criteia for the GFD model is tobe confirmed, e.g. 60pm thr maximum average as par Australian Standards, alorg with the steps in the methodology. ‘Any additional views or plots requitod by the analysis are noted for inclusion in the CFD report. eRe tte one Eaobjectives of the analy: be: talled at the beginning nould luc investigated along with air O plots. These iat would 0 the car park during real Fe situations. Figures 15 and 16 provide examples of typical CFD plots for air velocities and CO concentration levels: respectively Pa Fantech are able to facilitate a CFD analysis for you. paket TOPE uE a [Mormon eco) re nneeatcucea ke aire essai Prence cen anii st nen tie) fem e s N ante eae oun MU ua re Ooh oe ACU ERENCE Ror NAIR Reteteus gia ey ee enc een Meg eee eed eed @ FANTECH | 39MSS SMS Australian Building Codes Board 2013, Building Code of Australia Class 2 io Class 9 Buildings Volume One, ABCB, Canberra. & Appendix British Standards Insttution 1999, Fano for general purposes. Methods of noise testing (BS 848-2 - 1985), Bish Standards, London. Referenc British Standards Institution 1999, Fans for general purposes. Performance testing of jet fans (BS 848-10 1999), Enttsh Standards, London. Federation of Environmental Trade ‘Assooiations (FETA) 2007, CFD Modelling for Gar Park Ventiawon Systems, Federation of Environmental Trade Associations, Berkshire. Standards Association of Australia 2012, The use of ventilation and airconditioning in buildings Part 2: Ventilation design for indoor air contaminant control (AS 1668.2 - 2012), Standards Australia, Sydney 40 |© FANTECH Appendix AS1668.2 - 2012 Calculation Facto Parking Usage Factor (P) Parking usage ‘actor (P) Residential 03 (Commercial 05 Paid and cin = Entertainment/sports it centres, Vehicle Depots: ¥® Vehicle Type Factor (T) eee, | ea (AS 4429 — 1999), Standards No special venicie 10 = a =e ‘Standards Association of Australia a and air-conditioning in buildings ers NR 10 oe cor — . (AS/NZS 1668.1 — 1998). — eee a - ‘Standards Association of Australia Motor 025Staff Usage/Exposure Factor (E & F Paranoia Staff exposure Staff usage factor (€) factor (F) No special procedures (self parking), any staff in separate enclosure ventiated in 1 1 accordance win Clause 4.2.2 ‘Self parkeng stack parking, any staff in ee Bs ciate bleee 1 without immediate access 10 accordance win Clause 42.2 iveway ‘No spacial procedures (sef-parking), te 2 ‘staf’ located in car parking enclosure 2 + 0.25 x No. of carspaces Set 48 rt cin aces 6 ‘Atlendant parking no stack parking 18 25x No. of allencants ‘Attendant parking stack parking 18 35x No. of attendants Mectianical stack parking 13 2x No. of car engines ‘operating at any ona tme © FANTECH | 41© FANTECH Coa) res Coens) oa COE) omen oka Cretan Colo ay COE Hobart nares) er COL ‘Melbourne H.0. (03) 9554 7845, eee DECOR Teed ere COP CSC a COE EE) Seed (02) 2211 0400, See OES LT ch a COE EE Se OE Now Zoaland Ve ee KOE) eee MOR Po nD toc) ron ee eed a (603) 7245 0340 ne eee Seema IN AVA UIN(c {eNO ag ResUt