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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 2

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Electronics And Communication Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) What are the basic properties of frequency domain with respect to the image
processing.
(b) Define the terms:

D
i. Impulse function of strength a
ii. Impulse function shifting property. [16]

vertices on the cube.

(b) Explain in brief about pesudocolor image processing.
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2. (a) Give the schematic sketch of R G B color cube? Indicate the primary color

R [8+8]

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3. Propose a set of gray level slicing transformations capable of producing all the
individual bit planes of an 8-bit monochrome Image. [16]

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4. Prove that the average value of laplacian of the equation
∇2 h = ((r2−σ 2 )/σ 4 ))exp(−r2 /2σ 2 ) is zero. [16]

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5. Discuss the basics separable transforms. Also give example for it.

6. Explain the following:

[16]

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(a) Arithmetic operations on Images
(b) Logical operations on Images.

7. An 8 level image has the gray level distribution given in table.

[16]

rk Pr (rk ) Code 1 L1 (rk ) Code 2 L2 (rk )

r0 = 0 0.19 000 3 11 2
r1 =1/7 0.25 001 3 01 2
r2 =1/7 0.21 010 3 10 2
r3 =3/7 0.10 011 3 001 3
r4 =4/7 0.08 100 3 0001 4
r5 =5/7 0.06 101 3 00001 5
r6 =6/7 0.03 110 3 000001 6
r7 =1 0.02 111 3 000000 6

(a) compute the average word length for each code and compare the to entropy
form part
(b) compute entropy of the source. [16]

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 2

8. Explain the following:

(a) Gaussian noise

(b) Rayleigh noise. [16]

?????

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 4

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Electronics And Communication Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. What is homomorphic filtering? Discuss its usefulness in Image enhancement. Ex-

plain with the help of block diagram. [16]

2. (a) What are the primary and secondary colors? Give the relation among them.
(b) Define the terms hue, saturation and intensity.

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3. Explain the working of LZW source level encoding with an example.
[8+8]

[16]

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4. Suggest typical derivative masks for Image enhancement i.e.

(a) Roberts
(b) Prewitt
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(c) Sobel. [16]

5. Obtain the total number of additions and multiplications needed for 1-DFFT &
2-D FFT.

T U [16]

6. (a) Explain the significance of the following 3×3 Mask with respect to the digital
−1 −2 −1

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image processing 0
1
0
2
0
1
(b) Write an algorithm to impelement the above marking operation. [8+8]

7. The white bars in the test pattern shown in figure 7b are 7 pixels wide and 210
pixels high. The separation between bars is17 pixels. What would this image look
like after application of

(a) A 3 × 3 median filter?

(b) A 7 × 7 median filter? [16]

Figure 7b

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 4

8. Show that the Sobel and Prewitt Gradient masks of following images give isotropic
results for horizontal and vertical edges and for edges oriented at + or - 450 .
∇f = mag(∇f)[G2x +G2y ]1/2 and ∇f = |Gx| + |Gy| give identical results for edges ori-
ented in the horizontal and vertical directions. [16]
Z1 Z2 Z3
Z4 Z5 Z6
Z7 Z8 Z9

?????

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 1

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Electronics And Communication Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. Discuss following techniques for Image enhancement

(a) Image subtraction

(b) Image averaging. [16]

cations.

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2. Explain the concept of generation of spatial masks from frequency domain specifi-
[16]

4. Explain the following:

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3. propose a technique for detecting gaps of length ranging between 1 and L pixels in
line segment of a binary image. Assume that the lines are 1 pixel thick. Note: base
your technique on 8-neighbor connectivity analysis. [16]

(a) Color transformation

(b) Spatial processing.

U W [16]

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5. What is Error Free Compression? Explain about variable length coding.

6. Does fast algorithm is applicable for computation Hadamard transform, if so what

are the problems encountered in implementation. [16]
[16]

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7. A common measure of transmission for digital data is the baud rate, defined as the
number of bits transmitted per second. Generally, transmission is accomplished in
pockets consisting of starting bit, a byte of information, and a stop bit. Using this
approach, answer the following.

(a) How many minutes would it take to transmit a 512×512 image with 256 gray
levels at 300 baud?
(b) What would the time be at 9600 baud?
(c) Repeat
(a) and (b) for a 1024×1024 image 256 gray levels. [16]

8. Explain about Iterative Nonlinear Restoration Using the Lucy-Richardson Algo-

rithm. [16]

?????

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 3

IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations,May/June 2012
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
Electronics And Communication Engineering
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Explain the statement that Fourier transform is viewed as a “mathematical

prism”.
(b) Get the expressions for magnitude spectrum, phase spectrum and power spec-
trum of Fourier transform. [8+8]
2. (a) Explain the need of color image smoothing.

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(b) Draw the HIS color model and give the expression for R G B interms of HIS.
[8+8]
3. Discuss following intensity transformations.
(a) Gray level slicing
(b) Bit plane slicing.
O R [16]

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4. The white bars in the test pattern shown in figure 4b are 7 pixels wide and 210
pixels high. The separation between bars is 17 pixels. What would this image look
like after application of

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(a) A 3 × 3 geometric mean filter?
(b) A 9 × 9 geometric mean filter? [16]

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Figure 4b
5. The arithmetic decoding process is the reverse of the encoding procedure. Decode
the message 0.23355 given the coding model. [16]
Symbol Probabiliy
a 0.2
e 0.3
i 0.1
o 0.2
u 0.1
! 0.1

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Code No: 07A70401 R07 Set No. 3

6. Give the expressions for 1D and 2D kernels of Walsh transform, also give the
transform expressions. [16]

7. The results obtained by a single through an image of some 2D- masks can also be
achieved by two passes using 1-D masks. The results of using a 3 × 3 smoothing
mask with coefficients 1/9 can also be obtained by passing through an image  the
1
mask [1 1 1]. The result of this pass is then followed by a pass of the mask.  1 .
1
The final result is then scaled by 1/9. Show that the Sobel masks can be implemented
by one pass of a differencing mask of the form [-1 0 1] (or it’s vertical counterpart)
followed By a smoothing mask of the form [1 2 1] (or it’s vertical counterpart). [16]

8. Consider the image segment shown below

3
2
1 2 1(q)
2 0 2
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1 2 1
(p)1 0 1
1
2

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(a) Let V = {0,1} and compute the D4, D8 and Dm distances between p and q
(b) repeat for V = {1,2}

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[16]

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