2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE)

Dynamic Voltage Stability Enhancement of a Grid-

Connected Wind Power System by ANFIS
Controlled Static Var Compensator
Van-Tri Bui Thi-Trang Hoang Thanh-Long Duong
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Engineering Engineering Industrial University of Hochiminh City
Hochiminh City Vocational College of Dong Nai Technology University Hochiminh City, Vietnam
Technology Bien Hoa City, Vietnam [email protected]
Hochiminh City, Vietnam [email protected]
[email protected]
Dinh-Nhon Truong*
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
Hochiminh City University of
Technology and Education
Hochiminh City, Vietnam
[email protected]

Abstract—For improving the dynamic voltage stability of a such as voltage fluctuations, flicker, harmonic and voltage
grid-connected wind power system, in this paper, an onshore deviation of the Baolian wind farm has been studied in [3].
99.2-MW wind farm using Doubly Fed Induction Generator Furthermore, the measurements of a wind farm located in
(DFIG) is studied. To compensate the reactive power absorbed the south-east part of Poland were analyzed and compared
from the power grid of the wind farm, a Static VAR
Compensator (SVC) is proposed and an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy
with acceptable values [4].
Inference System (ANFIS) controller for SVC is also designed. In order to reduce the affecting of the power grid to
Simulation results of the voltage response in time-domain are wind farm, many papers have been published. In [5], a
performed using MATLAB software to evaluate the power quality study of a large-scale wind farm with and
effectiveness of the designed controller for SVC. From these without storage was studied. The paper showed that with the
results, it can be concluded that the proposed ANFIS controller
proposed storage system voltage drops and harmonic
can be applied to enhance the voltage stability of the studied
grid-connected wind power system voltage and current distortion at the wind farm output can be
improved when a short circuit occurs in the connection with
Keywords— Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG); the power grid.
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS); Static Var Besides, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS)
Compensator (SVC); Voltage Stability. devices have been proposed and applied in power
transmission systems and in this situation, Static Var
I. INTRODUCTION Compensator (SVC) is used to enhance the voltage stability
In a power system, there are many elements such as [6, 7].
generators, step-up and/or step-down transformers, In large systems, the transmission distance, the SVC is
transmission lines, etc. Nowadays, renewable energy is so located in the middle of the transmission line to reduce the
important because of the exhaust of coals or source of water, oscillation of the system to improve grid stability [8, 9].
so that wind generator or solar panels are used enlarger in In today's control devices, the controller plays an
many countries and wind generators are applied more important role in improving the operability and flexibility of
widely than the other one. An offshore wind farm can the device. PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) is a linear
include of many wind turbines driven wind generators and controller and is used in many control systems.
the output power of the wind generators can be connected The main disadvantage of this controller is that it does
together to be a wind farm and they can feed to a power grid not respond well when the input is large. Today, many
using a step-up transformer. In relevance to a wind algorithms have been applied to improve the efficiency of the
generator, a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is the device, such as the fuzzy logic controller used in vibration
most prevalent generator because of its high efficiency reduction control when linking generator systems in two
compared to other types of wind generators such as large areas [10].
permanent magnet synchronous generator and induction In addition, the fuzzy controller is used to replace the PID
generator [1]. Moreover, DFIG has the capability of controller using the voltage deviation as the feedback signal
controlling both active and reactive power for better grid in the voltage control at the link bus [11]. However, the main
integration to the transmission line [2]. However, by disadvantage of fuzzy logic controllers is that they depend on
connecting stator windings directly to the power grid, it is the programmer's experience. To improve the accuracy of the
very sensitive to power grid faults. Besides, the randomness algorithms, combining algorithms together to exploit the
of wind energy will affect the power quality of the advantages of each algorithm is a good solution that is being
connected power systems. Some power quality problems widely researched.

978-1-7281-0525-3/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE

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 2019 International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE)

The study [12] proposed an algorithm combining fuzzy directly connected to the low-voltage side of the 0.69/22-kV
logic and artificial neural network called ANFIS (Adaptive- step-up transformer while the rotor windings of the DFIG
Network-based Fuzzy Inference System). ANFIS is also a are connected to the same 0.69-kV side through a rotor-side
good structure for designing a controller of FACTS devices converter (RSC), a DC link, a grid-side converter (GSC),
[13] because of its simplification and also its ease of and a connection line. For normal operation of a DFIG, the
designing. ANFIS is used replacing for controllers that are input AC-side voltages of the RSC and the GSC can be
not obvious or cannot be calculated by definite equivalence. effectively controlled to achieve the aims of simultaneous
This paper is organized as the following sections: In output active-power and reactive-power control [15].
Section II, studied system configuration is represented. The
For normal operation of a wind DFIG, the input AC-
proposed ANFIS controller for SVC is designed in Section
side voltages of the RSC and the GSC can be effectively
III. Some of the simulation results are illustrated in Section
IV and the conclusions are discussed in Section V. controlled to achieve the aims of simultaneous output
active-power and reactive power control [16]. Fig. 3 shows
the control block diagram of the RSC of the studied DFIG,
II. STUDIED SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
and the operation of the RSC requires iqrw and idrw to follow
A. Introduction to Bac Lieu power system the varying reference points that are determined by
maintaining the output active power and the stator-winding
The wind farm in this paper is the practical 99.2-MW voltage at the setting values, respectively. The required
wind farm in Bac Lieu province, Vietnam including 10x1.6- voltage for the RSC (vrw) is derived by controlling the per-
MW wind turbines in phase 1 and 52x1.6-MW wind turbine unit q- and d-axis currents of the RSC. The control block
in phase 2 as shown in Fig. 1. In which, wind turbine model diagram of the GSC of the studied wind DFIG is shown in
is GE 1.6 XLE – 1.6-MW supplied by General Electric [14]. Fig. 4. The per-unit q- and d-axis currents of the GSC, iqgw,
This project panning a project area of 1,000 ha to transmit and idgw, have to track the reference points that are
the power to the national grid through two parallel 63-MVA determined by maintaining the DC link voltage Vdc at the
transformers and two 110-kV transmission lines. The wind setting value and keeping the output of the GSC at unity
farm has an estimated electricity output of 300-GWh per power factor, respectively. The required per-unit voltage of
annum. the GSC (vgw) is derived by controlling the per-unit q- and
d-axis currents of the GSC.

Fig. 3. The control block diagram for the RSC of the studied wind DFIG

Fig. 1. Location of a wind turbine in Bac Lieu province, Vietnam.

B. DFIG-based Wind Generator Model and Control

of Power Converters

Fig. 4. The control block diagram for the GSC of the studied wind DFIG

C. Static Var Compensator Model

The proposed 40-MVAr SVC in this paper is used for

adjusting the voltage at the connecting bus by compensating
the reactive power to the power grid. The equivalent model
of SVC is shown in Fig. 5. It consists of a Thyristor
Fig. 2. One-line diagram of wind DFIG-based WT Switched Capacitor (TSC) and Thyristor Controlled
Fig. 2 shows the one-line diagram of a wind DFIG Reactors (TCR). The control scheme of the studied SVC is
driven by a WT. The stator windings of the DFIG are presented in Fig. 6 [16-17].

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In the SVC model, if the bus voltage is lower than the more effective, so that the voltage of each node is improved
reference value, the value of the equivalent susceptance and the number of oscillations after a three-phase short
(Bsvc) of the SVC is positive and on the contrary, if the bus circuit fault is also reduced as observed in the two last
voltage is higher than the reference value, the Bsvc is figures (Figs. 7f and Fig. 7g).
negative.
The relationship between the firing angle ( ) and the steady
state value of BTCR is given as:
2(   )  sin(2 ) with  (1)
BL ( )   
 XL 2
The equivalent susceptance of SVC (BSVC) is as follow:

1 (2)
BSVC ( )   BL ( )
XC

a. The voltage at Bac Lieu bus

Fig. 5. Single-line diagram of SVC

b. The voltage at SVC bus
Bmax
Vref

Vpcc Kp
1  sTp Bsvc

Δe ANFIS
e Controller Bmin

Fig. 6. Single-line diagram of wind DFIG

III. APPLY ANFIS CONTROLLER FOR SVC c. The voltage at An Xuyen bus
The simulation results based on a simulated Bac Lieu
power system and a proposed SVC with ANFIS controller.
The results showed in Fig. 7 are simulated a severe three-
phase short circuit fault happened at the Bac Lieu bus at 0.5s
and stop after 0.1s. In which, the red lines are the responses
of the system with SVC and PI controller and the blue lines
are the ones with SVC and the designed ANFIS controller.
In this research, the voltage at the PCC bus as well as the
voltage of SVC are shown in Fig. 7a and Fig. 7b
respectively. Furthermore, the voltage at the farther bus i.e.
An Xuyen bus and wind farm and its current are also plotted
in Figs. 7c and 7e, respectively.
d. The voltage at a wind farm
It can easily be seen that, after applying ANFIS in the
SVC device, the output value of ANFIS is more stable and

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Legend [15] D.-N. Truong, “STATCOM Based Fuzzy Logic Damping Controller
For Improving Dynamic Stability Of A Grid Connected Wind Power
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happened in the Bac Lieu bus AND ENGINEERING (ICSSE), PP. 1-4, 2016.
[16] Van-Tri Bui, Dinh-Nhon Truong, Dac-Loc Ho, and Van-Hiep Pham,
IV. CONCLUSION “Stability Improvement of a Grid Connected Wind Generators: A
As shown in this paper, with a power transmission line is Case Study,” in Proc. International Symposium on Electrical and
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amplitude of oscillation after hard condition as a three-phase using an SVC with an adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference
short circuit happened. It can be concluded from time- system”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 60, no. 7,
pp. 2799-2807, 2013.
domain simulation results on MATLAB that ANFIS
controller has more advantages compared to the PID
controller and can enhance the power quality of the studied
system under many different operating conditions.

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