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Keningau Teacher Training College PRACTICAL 2: Qualitative Analysis

This document summarizes a student's qualitative analysis practical experiment report. The student identified two unknown solids (KA1 and KA2) through a series of chemical tests. KA1 was determined to be zinc chloride (ZnCl2) based on tests showing the presence of Zn2+ and Cl- ions. KA2 was identified as lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) through tests indicating the presence of Pb2+ and NO3- ions. The student described the experimental procedures, observations, deductions, safety measures and conclusions drawn from the qualitative analysis.

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Andre Silus
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82 views

Keningau Teacher Training College PRACTICAL 2: Qualitative Analysis

This document summarizes a student's qualitative analysis practical experiment report. The student identified two unknown solids (KA1 and KA2) through a series of chemical tests. KA1 was determined to be zinc chloride (ZnCl2) based on tests showing the presence of Zn2+ and Cl- ions. KA2 was identified as lead(II) nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) through tests indicating the presence of Pb2+ and NO3- ions. The student described the experimental procedures, observations, deductions, safety measures and conclusions drawn from the qualitative analysis.

Uploaded by

Andre Silus
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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KENINGAU TEACHER TRAINING COLLEGE

PRACTICAL 2: Qualitative Analysis

NAME :ANDRE BIN SILUS

IC NO :910904-12-6371

MATRIX NO :6837

OPTION/SEMESTER :PPISMP SAINS / BI / BM

CODE/SUBJECT :SAINS 2

DATE OF EXPERIMENT :26 April 2010

DATE OF SUBMISSION :28 April 2010

LECTURER’S NAME :MR. SAFRAN BIN BAKI


PRACTICAL 2

Topic: Qualitative Analysis

Theory:

Chemical analysis is the process by which we can find out the composition of
a substance by breaking it down into its constituents. Qualitative analysis is used to
find the elements present in a given compound or mixture. Reactions of the cations
and anions with specific reagents enable its identity to be obtained.

Purpose:

To determine the cations and anions of irorganic substances.

Problem: n/a

Hypothesis: n/a

Variables: Manipulative: n/a


Responding: n/a
Constant: n/a

Materials: Hydochloric acid, distilled water, sodium hydroxide, ammonia, ammonium


chloride, iron(III) chloride, silver nitrate, nitric acid, disodium hydrogen phosphate,
potassium chromate(VI).

Apparatus: Boiling tubes, Test tubes, Bunsen burner, Beakers.


Procedure:

1. Solids KA1 and KA2 are simple salts. The following experiments was carried
out with solid KA1 to identify its cation and anion.
2. After that, few experiments on KA2 was conducted to identify the cation and
anion present in solid KA2.
3. In all experiments, the reagents was added gradually until no further change is
observed.
4. The observations and the deductions were then recorded in a table.
5. The observations recorded include the details of colour changes, precipitation,
and gas test.

Result:

KA1

Test Observation Deduction


Add dilute hydrochloric No change -
acid, then warm gently.
Add aqueous sodium White Precipitate Zn2+, Al3+, Pb2+ present
hydroxide, then in excess
Add aqueous ammonia, White precipitate Zn2+ present
then in excess followed by
aqueous ammonium
chloride
Add aqueous silver nitrate White precipitate Cl- present
followed by nitric acid
Add aqueous potassium Colourless -
Iodate followed by dilute
hydrochloric acid

KA2
Test Observation Deduction
Add dilute hydrochloric No change -
acid, then warm gently.
Add aqueous sodium White precipitate Zn2+, Al3+, Pb2+ present
hydroxide, then in excess
Add aqueous ammonia, Precipitation formed. Al3+, Pb2+ present
then in excess followed by Turns milky.
aqueous ammonium
chloride
Add iron(II) sulphate Turns to brown NO3- present
Add aqueous potassium Turns to Yellow Pb2+
Iodide followed by dilute
hydrochloric acid

Discussions:
1. Qualitative analysis is a method to identify an unknown substance by
conducting several sets of chemical test on the sample. During the analysis
the deductions are were made based on the colour of the salt, solubility, the
effects of heat, the type of gas produced, and the reaction with specific
reagents.
2. Glowing and lighted wooden splinter test was used to identify the gas emitted.

Precautions:

1. Wash apparatus thoroughly to avoid mixing up chemicals.


2. Label each boiling and test tubes used in the sets of experiments for chemical
recognition.
3. Observe the changes occurred after adding chemical substances carefully to
avoid an inaccurate result.

Safety Measures:
1. Handle Bunsen burner with care while heating up chemical substances.
2. Avoid spilling chemical substances as it may have direct contact with skins
(note that those substances are corrosive)

Conclusion:

Both unknown solids were identified.KA1 is zinc chloride, ZnCl 2. KA2 is lead(II)
nitrate, Pb(NO3)2

References:

1. http://www.geocities.com/david_charles_curran/safety/chemical_safety_symb
ols_4.html
2. Foundation Practical Science Book 1 and 2
3. Scott Kelby,2007, Chemistry Quick Revision STPM, sasbadi sdn bhd.

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