IN MATH-TYPE FORM

Question: The following question consists of two statements, one labelled as “Assertion (A)” and the
other labelled as “Reason (R)”. You are to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the the
Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are individually true and if so, whether the Reason (R) is the correct
explanation for the given Assertion (A). Select your answer to these items using the codes given below
and then select the correct option.

Codes:

(A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A

(B) Both A and R are individually true and R is not the correct explanation of A

(C) A is true but R is false

(D) A is false but R is true

 d 2 y  d 2x 
 2  2  1
   y  f  x   x2 dx   dy 
Assertion (A): Let f :[0, ) [0, ], be a function defined by , then 

 dy   dx 
  .   1
dx
Reason (R):   
dy 

(a) A

(b) B

(c) C

(d) D

Hint: Differentiate the given function with respect to x and with respect to y twice.

Solution:

y  f  x   x2
A: Given f :[0, )  [0, ] be a function defined by , then we have to check the value
 d 2 y  d 2x 
 2  2 
dx   dy 
of  .

Now, we take the given function,

y  x 2 ....  i 

Now, we differentiate it with respect to x .

dy
 2 x.....  ii 
Therefore, dx

Again differentiating with respect to x ,

d2y
2
 2....  iii 
We get, dx

dy
 2x
As we have found that, dx

By taking reciprocal on both sides,

dx 1
 ....  iv 
We get, dy 2x

Now, we differentiate with respect to y .

d  dx  d  1 
   
We get,
dy  dy  dy  2 x 

d 2 x 1 dx
 
dy 2 2 x 2 dy

dx
Now, we put the value of dy .

d 2 x 1 1
2
 2.
We get, dy 2x 2x

d 2 x 1
  ....  v 
Hence, dy 2 4 x 3

Multiplying equation
 iii  and  v  ,

 d 2 y   d 2x   1 
 2  .  2   2.  3 
We get,  dx   dy   4x 
  d 2 y   d 2 x  1
 2  . 2   3
dx   dy  2 x
Therefore,  .

Hence, given Assertion (A) is wrong.

 dy   dx 
  .   1
dx
R: Here we have to check whether   
dy  or not.

We know that any quantity when multiplied by its reciprocal gives result as 1 .

1
a 1
That is a .

dy
a
Now, we put dx .

dy 1
 1
dx dy
We get, dx

 dy   dx 
  .   1
dx
Or,   
dy 

To verify it further, we multiply equation

 dy   dx  1
  .    2 x.
 dx   dy  2x

 dy   dx 
  .   1
dx
Therefore,   
dy  [Hence Proved]

Hence, Reason (R) is correct.

Therefore, option (d) is correct that is A is false and R is true

Answer: (d)

d 2x d2y dx dy
2
Note: Some students misunderstand that dy and dx are reciprocal of each other like dy and dx ,
2

but they are not as proved by above result also.

IN LATEX FORM
Question: The following question consists of two statements, one labelled as “Assertion (A)” and the
other labelled as “Reason (R)”. You are to examine these two statements carefully and decide if the the
Assertion (A) and the Reason (R) are individually true and if so, whether the Reason (R) is the correct
explanation for the given Assertion (A). Select your answer to these items using the codes given below
and then select the correct option.

Codes:

(A) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A

(B) Both A and R are individually true and R is not the correct explanation of A

(C) A is true but R is false

(D) A is false but R is true

Assertion (A): Let \[f:[0,\infty )\to [0,\infty ],\]be a function defined by \[y=f\left( x \right)={{x}^{2}}\],
then \[\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}{d{{x}^{2}}} \right)\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}} \right)=1\]

Reason (R): \[\left( \dfrac{dy}{dx} \right).\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=1\]

(a) A

(b) B

(c) C

(d) D

Hint: Differentiate the given function with respect to \[x\]and with respect to \[y\]twice.

Solution:

A: Given \[f:[0,\infty )\to [0,\infty ]\]be a function defined by \[y=f\left( x \right)={{x}^{2}}\], then we
have to check the value of \[\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}{d{{x}^{2}}} \right)\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}
{d{{y}^{2}}} \right)\].

Now, we take the given function,

\[y={{x}^{2}}....\left( i \right)\]

Now, we differentiate it with respect to \[x\].

\[\left[ \text{Also}\dfrac{d\left( {{x}^{n}} \right)}{dx}=n{{x}^{n-1}} \right]\]

Therefore, \[\dfrac{dy}{dx}=2x.....\left( ii \right)\]

Again differentiating with respect to \[x\],

We get, \[\dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}{d{{x}^{2}}}=2....\left( iii \right)\]

As we have found that, \[\dfrac{dy}{dx}=2x\]

We get, \[\dfrac{dx}{dy}=\dfrac{1}{2x}....\left( iv \right)\]

Now, we differentiate with respect to \[y\].

We get, \[\dfrac{d}{dy}\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=\dfrac{d}{dy}\left( \dfrac{1}{2x} \right)\]

\[\Rightarrow \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}}=\dfrac{-1}{2{{x}^{2}}}\dfrac{dx}{dy}\]

Now, we put the value of \[\dfrac{dx}{dy}\].

We get, \[\dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}}=\dfrac{-1}{2{{x}^{2}}}.\dfrac{1}{2x}\]

Hence, \[\Rightarrow \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}}=\dfrac{-1}{4{{x}^{3}}}....\left( v \right)\]

Multiplying equation \[\left( iii \right)\]and \[\left( v \right)\],

We get, \[\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}{d{{x}^{2}}} \right).\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}} \right)=2.\left(

Therefore, \[\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}{d{{x}^{2}}} \right).\left( \dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}} \right)=\dfrac{-

Hence, given Assertion (A) is wrong.

R: Here we have to check whether \[\left( \dfrac{dy}{dx} \right).\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=1\]or not.

We know that any quantity when multiplied by its reciprocal gives result as \[1\].

That is \[a\times \dfrac{1}{a}=1\].

Now, we put \[a=\dfrac{dy}{dx}\].

We get, \[\dfrac{dy}{dx}\times \dfrac{1}{\dfrac{dy}{dx}}=1\]

Or, \[\left( \dfrac{dy}{dx} \right).\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=1\]

To verify it further, we multiply equation \[\left( ii \right)\]and \[\left( iv \right)\].

\[\left( \dfrac{dy}{dx} \right).\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=2x.\dfrac{1}{2x}\]

Therefore, \[\left( \dfrac{dy}{dx} \right).\left( \dfrac{dx}{dy} \right)=1\] [Hence Proved]

Hence, Reason (R) is correct.

Therefore, option (d) is correct that is A is false and R is true

Answer: (d)

Note: Some students misunderstand that \[\dfrac{{{d}^{2}}x}{d{{y}^{2}}}\]and \[\dfrac{{{d}^{2}}y}