SSI 3013

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

Tittle : Data Logger - Motion

Lecturer’s Name : En. Azmi bin Ibrahim

Group : A

Group’s Members:
No. Name ID Number

1. Nur Maz Edayu Binti Adnir D20171078267

2. Nor Izziyanti Afida Binti Azmi D20171078277

3. Nur Syairah Binti Nazaruzzaman D20171078281

4. Noor Aliana Binti Mohd Zuki D20171078283

5. Siti Robiatul Adawieyah Binti Jazaiman D20171078291

A data logger also known as data logger or data recorder is an electronic device that records
data over time or in relation to location either with a built in instrument or sensor or via external
instruments and sensors. They are based on a digital processor or computer. They generally are
small, battery powered, portable, and equipped with a microprocessor, internal memory for data
storage, and sensors. Some data loggers interface with a personal computer, and use software
to activate the data logger and view and analyze the collected data, while others have a local
interface device such as keypad and LCD can be used as a stand-alone device. Data loggers
vary between general purpose types for a range of measurement applications to very specific
devices for measuring in one environment or application type only. It is common for general
purpose types to be programmable; however, many remain as static machines with only a
limited number or no changeable parameters. Electronic data loggers have replaced chart
recorders in many applications. Applications of data logging include measure variations in light
intensity, measure temperatures, road traffic counting and so many else . Data loggers are
changing more rapidly now than ever before. The original model of a stand-alone data logger
is changing to one of a device that collects data but also has access to wireless communications
for alarming of events, automatic reporting of data and remote control. Data loggers are
beginning to serve web pages for current readings, e-mail their alarms and FTP their daily
results into databases or direct to the users. Very recently, there is a trend to move away from
proprietary products with commercial software to open source software and hardware devices.
ADVANTAGES OF DATA LOGGING

Advantages of data logging are it has the potential to facilitate and extend opportunities for
inquiry-based science by providing data and different modalities of representation with
minimum effort. The real-time data display provides an immediate link between an experiment
and its graphical representation. It help to visualize the course of the experiment. It also frees
experimentation from time constraints as data can be collected over days, and relieves from
tabulating data and drawing graphs by hand, allowing them to concentrate on the interpretation
of data.

Besides that, data logging is very handy in monitoring a fast changes in a physical
quantity such as changes in movement of an object or changes in light intensity. The brain
always seek pattern in order for us to interpret processes. When an object is moving fast, we
are not able to perceive changes because if the brain tend to process the differing image speeds
as a depth difference, as opposed to the differential motion of the object then that is why it may
be difficult for observers to use image speed alone to detect moving object in the scene and at
the same time the teaching will enable us to improve their reasoning powers. This will no doubt
increase our attentiveness and stimulation in science classes. The old-fashioned method of
regulating the speed of sound in air involves two persons standing at least a distance of about
100m apart whereas data logging enable the same experiment to be performed on the laboratory
desk with precise results by one person.

Next, data logging can give a better processing and presentation of results. The data
collected from the science experiment can be processed by specialist software or put into a
spreadsheet. The graph such as line, pie or bar graph can be generates easily. Desktop
publishing (DTP) refers to the use of a digital desktop for laying out and constructing
documents. The term is sometimes used to refer to processes that allow printing out paper copies
of documents in a localized hardware scenario. It may also refer simply to the creation and
construction of digital documents on a desktop and the data using data logging can be exported
to DTP. The text also can be added to explaining the experiment and result shown, clip art can
be imported to provide a visual outline and show the experiment and the report can be saved
and widely distributed in different ways, for instance email, post or fax.
DISADVATAGES OF DATA LOGGING

The disadvantage of data logging is some people may not like working with computer. For
utilization of data logging, the uses of computer are necessary but some people cannot use it
because they did not like working with computer. Most people that did not like to use computer
maybe an older generation. They may find it hard to use the computer as they did not expose to
the right way to use the computer since younger age compare to the younger generation. Some
people also did not have much time to explore the software in the computer so they more prefer
to use the traditional method.

In addition, the uses of data logging can increased work load of teacher. When used
well, data logging can have a profound and positive impact. However, if it is too often, the
collection of data logging became an end itself and divorced from the core purpose of improving
outcome for students, often just to ‘be ready’ in case data are needed, what we called ‘gold
plating’. This increase the workload of teachers and school leaders for little discernible benefit.
The two key reasons why data logging becomes burden for the teachers rather than a benefit is
firstly when the purpose of collecting data has not clearly identified how it will be used to
improve outcomes. Secondly, when the process of collecting data is inefficient such as it
requires too much time to complete.

Lastly, loss of conventional method of data collection. Data collection is the process of
gathering and measuring information on variables of interest, in an established systematic
fashion that enable one to answer stated research questions, test, hypotheses and evaluate
outcomes. The goal for all data collection is to capture quality evidence that then translates to
rich data analysis and allows the building of a convincing and credible answer to questions that
have been posed. Some of the conventional method of data collection are direct personal
interview were investigator personally meets concerned individuals and collect required
information from them, collection through questionnaire that usually sent by mail in order to
inquire through a number of pertinent questions and collection through enumerators by
employing trained enumerators. However, all of this method of collecting data can be loss as
the data collecting nowadays frequently collect through the utilization of technology. Many
people find the method of collecting data trough technology is easily, cheaper and low time
consuming.
EXAMPLE OF DATA LOGGING EXPERIMENT

Title
Affect the trolley’s motion on different height of runway

Objective
To investigate the velocity down runway track depends on the height using the motion sensor.

Hypothesis
The higher the runway the increase of trolley’s velocity

Apparatus
• Trolley
• Runway
• Clamp
• Light gate
• Data logger
• Computer

Procedure

Figure 1
1. Setup the experiment as figure 1 with the data logger connected to the light gate.
2. Measuring for 5 cm from the top of the table to the top of the runway at where the trolley
was starting.
3. Took 3 results from that point.
4. Repeat for the other measurements up to 30cm.
5. Calculate the average.

Result
Height (m) Velocity (m/s)
0.05 1.0
0.10 1.4
0.15 1.7
0.20 2.0
0.25 2.2
0.30 2.4
Table 1 show the result of velocity

Velocity (m/s) vs height (m)

Figure 1 show the graph of velocity (m/s) and height (m).

When the runaway has a smaller height, the angle of runaway also small and incline. The
force of friction between the trolley and runaway has a greater potential to prevent the
trolley from moving. The runaway exerts a force called ‘normal force’ on the trolley and
this force is greater when the height is smaller as well as the angle. The reason for this is
that the force is split between horizontal and vertical components. It the height of runaway
increase, the force of gravity can easily overcome the force of friction and increase the
velocity of the trolley.

2. How does gravity act on motion of an object?

Gravity acts vertically downwards, and the object during runaway is accelerated due to the
force of gravity. The gravity increased the motion of the trolley during runaway and
decrease the motion on trolley as it travels in and downward direction.

3. What type of energy stored in an object?

Trolley have two types of energy called kinetic energy (Ek) as well as the potential energy
(Ep). These two forces have the potential to do work and gravity gives potential energy to
object whereas kinetic energy of the trolley depends only on its mass and speed.

4. What does the graph tell you about the change in velocity due to the changes of height?

The graph showed that as the height of runaway increase, the velocity of the trolley will
also increase. The graph showed the relationship between the change in height will affect
the velocity as the velocity is directly proportional to height.

5. What is the equation required in this experiment?

The result show the height and velocity is directly proportional. If the height increase, the
velocity of the trolley will also increase as shown in the graph. This experiment need to be done
with caution because the data may change by parallax error. The height need to be measure
every time we need to change the height. We also need to keep an eyes for the degree of slope.
If we had the time we would redo this experiment, using an air-track, and we would focus
especially on the height between 0 and 0.1m to see what happens there whether there is a
straight line, or if there is a curve. We would also like to increase the height, but use a protractor
instead to measure the degrees so I can go higher. This would show if and where the curve of
the line of best fit comes almost horizontal, because the trend at the moment shows that it might
become almost horizontal, at approximately 0.6m on the experimental curve, and probably
fairly near that for the predicted results.
CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the uses of data logger has made recording data more easier for us. Other than
that, with more usage of data logger, the data collected are more precise than what we have
collected manual which can be influenced by errors. Moreover, with technology that are more
advancing, many things can be measured with data loggers that surely will help in providing
better lifestyle or healthcare to the human kind. Data logger also does not limit to the human
population but all the organisms that live on this world like flora and fauna. As for example,
data logger allow us to record the pH or oxygen level in water or pond that are safe for the
living things to live. However, with the advancement of data logger, we must not forget the
traditional way of recording data as there are sometimes or consequences that required us to use
the traditional way. Last but not least, although data loggers provide us with easier recording
of data, the traditional way also need to be taught so that our dependency on the technology can
be reduced because in case that an incident occurred, we could still record the data that need to
be collected.
References:

Syed Muhammad Sajjad Kabir. (2016). Basic guidelines for research: An introduction for all
disciplines (1st ed.). Book zone publication, Chittagong-4203, Bangladesh.

The White Horse Federation. (2016). Eliminating unnecessary workload associated with data
management. Report prepared by the independent teacher workload review group.