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WINSEM2017-18 - MAT2001 - ETH - GDNG08 - VL2017185000512 - Reference Material I - Design of Experriments-One Way Classification

1) Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to test for significant differences between multiple sample means. 2) ANOVA makes assumptions about the normality and equal variance of populations from which samples are drawn. 3) The technique can be used for one-way, two-way, randomized block, and Latin square experimental designs. 4) In this example, ANOVA is performed on test score data from four student departments to determine if performance varies significantly between departments. The F-statistic calculated is less than the critical value, so the null hypothesis that samples come from the same population is retained.

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Goutham Reddy
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52 views

WINSEM2017-18 - MAT2001 - ETH - GDNG08 - VL2017185000512 - Reference Material I - Design of Experriments-One Way Classification

1) Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to test for significant differences between multiple sample means. 2) ANOVA makes assumptions about the normality and equal variance of populations from which samples are drawn. 3) The technique can be used for one-way, two-way, randomized block, and Latin square experimental designs. 4) In this example, ANOVA is performed on test score data from four student departments to determine if performance varies significantly between departments. The F-statistic calculated is less than the critical value, so the null hypothesis that samples come from the same population is retained.

Uploaded by

Goutham Reddy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of experiments-Analysis of variance(ANOVA)

Analysis of variance is a technique that will enable us to test for


the significance of the difference among more than two sample
means.
Assumptions in ANOVA:
1. Each of the sample is drawn from a normal population.
2. The variances for the population from which samples have
been drawn are equal.
3. The variation of each value around its own grand mean
should be independent for each value.
The technique of analysis of variance has been discussed for
(i) One way classification
(ii) Two way classification
(iii) Randomized block design(RBD)
(iv) Latin square design(LSD)
One way classification:
One way classification –Anova table
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean F-ratio
variation squares freedom square
Between SSC V1=K-1 MSC 
SSC
samples K 1 MSC
Within SSE V2=N-K SSE Fc 
MSE  MSE
samples NK
K-number of samples
N-total number of items in the given data.
Conclusion: If Fc<Ft Difference not significant
If Fc>Ft Difference is significant
Dr.K.KAVITHA
Problem:1. A common test was given to a number of students
taken at random from a particular class of the four departments
concerned to assess the significance of possible variation in
performance. Make an analysis of variance given in the following
data: (Take the level of significance as 5%)

Departments
C M E I
9 12 17 13
10 13 17 12
13 11 15 12
9 14 9 18
9 5 7 15
Ho:The samples could have come from the same population.
Sample I Sample II Sample III Sample IV
2 2
X1 X1 X2 X2 X3 X32 X4 X42
9 81 12 144 17 289 13 169
10 100 13 169 17 289 12 144
13 169 11 121 15 225 12 144
9 81 14 196 9 81 18 324
9 81 5 25 7 49 15 225
 =50 =512 =55 =655 =65 =933 =70 =1006

Step1: Sum of all the items(T)=

 X1  X 2   X 3   X 4
 50  55  65  70
 240

2
(240) 2
Step2: Correction factor(C.F)= T   2880
N 20

Dr.K.KAVITHA
Step3: TSS=Total sum of squares
= Sum of squares of all the items-C.F

=  X 12   X 22  X 32   X 42  2880

=512+655+933+1006-2880
=226
Step 4: SSC=Sum of squares between samples
( X 1) 2 ( X 2) 2 ( X 3)2 ( x 4) 2 T 2
    
n n n n N
(50) 2 (55)2 (65) 2 (70) 2
     2880
5 5 5 5
 50

Step 5: MSC=Mean square between samples


=Sum of squares between samples/d.f(K-1)
=SSC/4-1
=50/3=16.67
Step 6: SSE=Sum of squares within sample
=Total sum of squares (TSS)-Sum of squares between
Samples (SSC)
=226-50=176.
Step7: MSE=Mean square within sample
=Sum of squares within samples/d.f(N-K)
=SSE/d.f=176/16=11

Dr.K.KAVITHA
One way classification –Anova table
Source of Sum of Degrees of Mean F-ratio
variation squares freedom square
Between SSC=50 V1=K-1=3 MSC 
SSC
samples K 1 MSC
=16.67 Fc 
Within SSE=176 V2=N-K=16 MSE SSE
MSE
=1.515
samples NK
=11

Table value of F for (v1,v2)(3,16) d.f at 5% level of significance


is 3.24.
Fc=1.515<3.24=Ft
The samples could have come from the same population.

Dr.K.KAVITHA

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