ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (RME101/102)

UNIT 4: FORCE SYSTEM & FRICTION

Assignment No. - 4.1
Name Of Faculty: Date Of Submission:
% Ques.
%
No of From Text books to Reference books to
Topic Name Covered
Questions old refer refer
in Exam
paper
Introduction to Engineering (i)“Engineering (i)“Engineering
mechanics and its Mechanics ” Mechanics
classification. Laws of , Bhavikatti , Statics and
mechanics. Physical New Age Dynamics”
quantities –units and Page No. 1-15 , A. Nelson ,
dimensions Paperback
Force System: Force, (ii)“Engineering Page No. 3.1- 3.29
Classification & Mechanics ”
Representation , Unadkat ,
Tech-Max
Parallelogram Law Page No. 2.2 –
17 10 24 2.24
Numerical problem on law
of Parallelogram

Method of Resolution
Principle of Transmissibility
of forces
Numerical on Method of
Resolution
Numerical problem on
Resultant of coplanar
Concurrent Force system

Questions:

One word questions:

1. The process of finding resultant of a given system of forces is known as …………………
2. If the sum of horizontal components of all forces on a particle is zero, the resultant will be
……
3. The process of replacing a force by two or more components which produce the same effect is
known as …………….

Very short questions—(2 marks)

1. Define a force and list its characteristics.
2. Differentiate between particle and rigid body.
 3. State Newton’s first law of motion.
4. State Newton’s second law of motion.
5. State Newton’s third law of motion.
6. Explain the principle of transmissibility of forces. [UPTU
2014-15]

Short questions—(5 marks)

1. State the law of parallelogram of forces and find out the magnitude of their
resultant.
[UPTU-2010-11]
2. If the resultant of two forces of magnitude P has magnitude P, then determine the
angle between the forces.

[Dec. 2011]
3. Two forces P and Q are inclined at angle of 75°. Magnitude of their resultant is
100N. The angle between the resultant and P is 45°. Determine the magnitude of P.
[Ans: P= 51.76] [Dec. 2012]

Long answer questions—(10 marks)

1. The resultant of two forces, one of which is double the other is 260 N. If the direction of the
larger force is reversed and the other remains unaltered, the magnitude of the resultant reduces
to 180 N. Determine the magnitude of the forces and the angle between the forces.
[Hint: Let the magnitude of the smaller force be F. Hence the magnitude of the larger force is
2F. Thus F1 = F and F2 = 2F Let θ be the angle between the two forces.]
[Ans: F1 = F = 100 N; F2 = 2F = 200 N, ϴ = 63.9°]
2. Two forces F1 and F2 are acting at point. The angle between the two forces is 50°. It is found
that the resultant R is 500 N and makes angles 20° with the force F1. Determine the forces F1
and F2.
[Ans: F1 = 326.35 N, F2 = 223.24 N]
3. The resultant of two forces F1 = 400 N and F2 = 260 N acting at point A is 520 N. Determine
the angle between the two forces and the angle between the resultant and force F1.
[Ans: θ = 78.13°, α = 29.29°]
4. Determine the resultant of the three forces acting on a hook as shown in Figure below.

[Ans: R = 161.48 N, α = 18.81]

5. A system of four forces acting on a body is as shown in Fig. below. Determine the resultant.
[Ans: R = 160.18 N, α = 24.15]
 ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (RME101/102)
UNIT 4: FORCE SYSTEM & FRICTION
Assignment No. - 4.2

Name Of Faculty: Date Of Submission:

% Ques.
No of % Covered Text books to Reference
Topic Name From old
Questions in Exam refer books to refer
paper
Moment of a force, Moment (i)“Engineering (i)“Engineering
for coplanar force system, Mechanics ” Mechanics
Couple, Resolution of a force , Bhavikatti , Statics and
into a force and a couple New Age Dynamics”
Page No. 7-28 , A. Nelson ,
Paperback
Varignon’s theorem
(ii)“Engineering Page No. 4.1-
13 20 23 Mechanics ” 4.31
Coplanar non Concurrent
Force system, Resultant of , Unadkat ,
coplanar non Concurrent Tech-Max
Force system and numerical Page No.2.9-
problem 2.38
Numerical problem on non
Concurrent Force system

Questions:

One word questions

1. The physical quantity that produces rotational motion is ……………………
2. Couple is a ……………….. vector.
3. The translator effect of a couple on the rigid body is ………………….

Very short questions—(2 marks)

1. Differentiate between moment and couple. [Dec-10]
2. Why the couple moment is said to be a free vector?
3. When is moment of force zero about a point?
4. Can a coplanar non-concurrent force system with zero resultant force necessarily be in
equilibrium?
5. State equilibrium conditions for coplanar concurrent and non concurrent force system.
[UPTU 2014-15]

Short questions—(5 marks)

 1. State and prove Varignon’s theorem. [UPTU-2010-11,12,13-14]
2. What is couple of forces? List its characteristics.

Long answer questions—(10 marks)

1. A system of loads acting on a beam is shown in Fig. below. Determine the resultant of the
loads.

[Ans: R = 68.0592 kN,α= 81.55°, x = 3.326 m]

2. Find the resultant of the force system shown in Fig. below acting on a lamina of equilateral
triangular shape. [Ans: R=91.19 N, α=35.84°,x=317.008 mm to the
right of A]

3. Determine the resultant of the force system acting on the plate as shown in fig. with respect to
AB and AD.
[Ans: R= 25.2 N, 39.9°,x=6.68m, y=5.59m]
 ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (RME101/102)
UNIT 4: FORCE SYSTEM & FRICTION
Assignment No. - 4.3
Name Of Faculty: Date Of Submission:

% % Ques.
No of Text books to Reference
Topic Name Covered From old
Questions refer books to refer
in Exam paper
Equilibrium condition of (i)“Engineering (i)“Engineering
coplanar concurrent force Mechanics ” Mechanics
system and non concurrent , Bhavikatti , Statics and
force system New Age Dynamics”
Lami’s theorem, Free body Page No. 29-47 , A. Nelson ,
diagrams and Determination of Paperback
reactions (ii)“Engineering Page No. 5.1-
16 15 50
Mechanics ” 5.46
, Unadkat ,
Numerical problem on Free Tech-Max
body diagrams and Page No. 3.1-
Determination of reactions 3.54

Questions:

One word questions

1. A body will be in equilibrium if resultant force is ……….. and resultant moment is
………
2. Lami’s theorem is applicable for …….. forces in equilibrium.
3. All forces acting on a body can be identified by drawing its ………….

Very short questions—(2 marks)

1. Explain the term free body diagram (FBD).Explain with suitable examples. Describe the
equilibrium of a body if it is acted upon by only three forces. [Dec. 11, May.-09,11, 12]
2. Describe the equilibrium of a body if it is acted upon by three forces.
[Dec. 11, May. 12]
3. State the necessary and sufficient conditions for static equilibrium of a particle in two
dimensions.
Short questions—(5 marks)
1. State and prove Lami’s theorem. [Dec-10]
2. A system of connected flexible cables shown in Fig. is supporting two vertical forces 200
N and 250 N at points B and D. Determine the forces in various segments of the cable.
[ Answer: T1 = 224.14 N., T2 = 183.01 N., T3 = 336.60 N., T4 = 326.79 N. ]

Long answer questions—(10 marks)

1. A wire rope is fixed at two points A and D as shown in Figure. Two weights 20 kN and 30
kN are attached to it at B and C, respectively. The weights rest with portions AB and BC
inclined at angles 30° and 50° respectively, to the vertical as shown in figure. Find the
tension in the wire in segments AB, BC and CD and also the inclination of the segments
CD to vertical.
[ANS: T1 = 44.79 kN.,T2 = 29.24 kN., T3 = 25.045 kN.,θ = 63.422°.]

2. Three cylinders A, B and C each weighing 100N and diameter 80mm are placed in a
channel of 180mm width. Determine the pressure exerted by the cylinders A and B at the
point of contact.
[Dec-09]

[Ans: R1=150N, R2=40.03N]

3. Two smooth balls each of radius 15cm and weighing 400N are lying in a vertical cylinder
of diameter 50cm. Determine the pressure exerted on the walls and base of the cylinder by
the balls.

[Ans: R1=357.64N, R2=800N, R3=357.64N [May 11]

4. A roller is of weight 20kN. What force P is necessary to start the roller over the block A
and reaction at the contact point C?
[Ans: P=21.96kN,Rc=21.05kN] [May 09,11]

5. Two identical rollers each of weight 5000N rest on smooth inclined planes. Find the
reactions of the planes on rollers.
[Ans: R1=1000N, R2=5130.3N, R3=4698.46N, R4=1710.1N] [Dec 12]

6. Two rollers weighing 5kN and 3kN are connected by a string and are supported on
mutually perpendicular smooth inclined planes. Find the angle of the string with the
horizontal when the system is in equilibrium.
[Ans: ɸ=40.89]
7. Two round solid identical cylinders each of radius 100mm and weight 50N tied together
by a thread of length 200mm, rest on a horizontal surface. They hold a third homogeneous
cylinder of radius 125mm and weight 75N, placed as shown in fig. Calculate the tension in
the thread and the reaction at all contact surfaces.

[Ans: R1= R2=83.4N, R3=124.71N, R4=124.71N, T=37.07N]

8. A 500 N cylinder, 1m in diameter is loaded between the cross pieces AE and BS which
makes an angle of 60° with each other and are pinned at C. Determine the tension in the
horizontal rope DE assuming that the cross pieces rest on a smooth floor.

[Ans: T= 374 N] [UPTU, I SEM, 2001-02]

 ELEMENTS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (RME101/102)
UNIT 4: FORCE SYSTEM & FRICTION
Assignment No. - 4.4
Name Of Faculty: Date Of Submission:
% Ques.
No of % Covered Text books to Reference books
Topic Name From old
Questions in Exam refer to refer
paper
Introduction of friction, (i)“Engineering (i)“Engineering
Wet and Dry friction, Mechanics ” Mechanics
Theory of Dry friction , Bhavikatti , Statics and
Angle of friction, Angle New Age Dynamics”
of Repose, Cone of Page No. 54-81 , A. Nelson ,
friction, Coulomb’s laws Paperback
of friction (ii)“Engineering Page No. 6.1-
Numerical problem on 15 15 27 Mechanics ” 6.39
general friction , Unadkat ,
Numerical on Ladder Tech-Max
friction Page No. 4.1-
Numerical on Wedge 4.36
friction
Numerical on Screw
friction

Questions:

One word questions

1. Coefficient of static friction is always ……. than the coefficient of kinetic friction.
2. Angle of repose is …….. angle of friction.
3. The maximum inclination of the plane on which a body free from external force remains
at rest is known as the angle of ………….

Very short questions—(2 marks)

1. Explain the following:

i. Limiting angle of friction
ii. Angle of repose
iii. cone of friction
[May-09,11,14-15]
2. State the laws of dry friction. [UPTU, 2002-03]

Short questions—(5 marks)

1. What should be the value of θ in Fig. below which will make the motion of 900 N block
down the plane to impend? The coefficient of friction for all contact surfaces is 1/3.
 [Ans: θ= 29.05°]

2. What is the value of P in the system shown in Fig. to cause the motion to impend?
Assume the pulley is smooth and coefficient of friction between the other contact
surfaces is 0.2.
[Ans: P = 853.5 N]

Long answer questions—(10 marks)

1. Find the least value of P that will just start the system of blocks moving to the right. Take
µ=0.3. Assume pulley to be smooth. [Ans: Pmin= 247.12N]

2. Two blocks A and B each weighing 1500N are connected by a uniform

horizontal bar which weighs 1000N.If the angle of limiting friction under
each block is 15 degree, find the force P directed parallel to the 60 degree
plane that will cause motion impending to the right. Fig.below. [Ans: P=1856.40N]
3. Determine the force P required to start the wedge as shown in Fig. 12. The angle of
friction for all surfaces of contact is 15° [Ans.
26.6784 kN]

4. Determine the distance x to which the 90kg painter can climb without causing the 4m
ladder to slip at its lower end. The top of 15kg ladder has a small roller and at ground
µ=0.25. The mass centre of the painter is directly above his feet.
[Ans: 2.55m]

5. A 300N boy is climbing a 120N ladder. If µ=0.2 for all contact surfaces, determine how
far up the ladder the boy can walk before it slips.
[Ans: x=3.21m] [UPTU, 2013-14]
6. A ladder of length “L” rests against a wall, the angle of inclination being 450. If the co-
efficient of friction between the ladder and the ground and that between the ladder and
the wall be 0.5 each. What will be the maximum distance along the ladder to which a
man whose weight is 1.5 times the weight of ladder may ascend before the ladder begins
to slip?

[Ans: 0.5L] [UPTU, 2012-13]

7. A screw jack raises a load of 40 kN. The screw is square threaded having three threads
per 20 mm length and 40 mm in diameter. Calculate the force required at the end of a
lever 400 mm long measured from the axis of the screw, if the coefficient of friction
between screw and nut is 0.12.
[Ans: P = 348.32 kN]
8. A screw jack has square threads 50 mm mean diameter and 10 mm pitch. The load on the
jack revolves with the screw. The coefficient of friction at the screw thread is 0.05.
(1) Find the tangential force required at the end of 300 mm lever to lift a load of 6000
N.
(2) State whether the jack is self-locking. If not, find the torque which must be
applied to keep the load from descending.
[Ans: P = 57.01 N, screw jack is not self-locking, T = 204.3 N-mm]