Exodus and Leviticus

B. J. Clarke.

August 27, 2019

Read the chapters of the Bible prior to the class.

One sermon outline from Exodus (September 19 th) and one for Leviticus (October 17th).

Two major exams.

Copious notes.

Outlines example:

Make an application from the OT for the NT.

Do the details matter?

Ex 12

In every sermon we deal with two questions:

What? “The commands and details for Israel”.

So what? “The details are important for God even today”.

The differences from liberalism and radicalism to what God said. The liberal would say that the
rules don’t even matter, and the radical would make rules where there is none.

INTRODUCTION

The book parallels with the book of Genesis:

 Genesis: beginning of the human race

 Exodus: begins with the Israelites
 Genesis focuses upon one man: Abraham
 Exodus focuses upon Moses
 Two Siblings of Abraham
 Two siblings of Moses: Aaron and Miriam
 Abraham is called to leave his home
 Moses is forced to leave his home

OT Exodus ------------------------------------------- NT Cross

Ex 12: The Door with blood John 10: Christ is the Door
 Christ’s blood purchased our salvation

Passover Our Passover is Christ

Exodus 10s

Exodus from Egypt: 10 plagues.

Giving of the Law: 10 commandments. The presence of the Lord “I am”

Building the Tabernacle: 10 items.

We can see the presence of Christ on the wandering through the wilderness, as the Rock from
which all drank.

The Bible is one unity where God has spoken.

Book outline

Chapter 1-13

God meets Moses; Israel from Egypt

Chapter 14-18

Israel rebels

19-24

Covenant Laws & commands

25-31

Commands for building the Tabernacles

32-34

Israel rebels

35-40

Tabernacle built; God enters

The mosaic covenant

The Preamble
The Decalogue

The Judgments

The Tabernacle: Shekaina: the glory of God hovering over the tabernacle--------- In NT we identify
Christ as the light.

Moses Jesus

Born of simple parents Born of simple parents

The Pharaoh sends to kill all man children Herod killed children

Grew to be a deliverer for his people Deliverer of the world

Chapter 1

Israel persecuted in Egypt.

I. Reasons for persecution:

A) Fruitfulness: The nation grew all over the Land of Egypt. Starting with 70 people they
grew to be thousands (Exodus 12:37; Numbers 1:46). Is hard to picture that number. Over 2-3
million.

B) Fear (1:8-10) King of Egypt feared that the number of the Israelites would exceed them.
This King was from a different kind. They feared a sudden exile.

II. The resulting

A) Pharaoh’s building decree (11-14): They became slaves.

B) Killing baby decree (16): The midwives refused to participate: civil disobedience to fulfill
the will of God (Acts 5:20). There’s a blessing for his people, the kept multiplying.

Order to the masses.

Lesson on abortion and social disobedience.

Chapter 2

The providence of God allows the Mother of Moses to nurse him.

Parents: Amram and Jochabed (Levite couple)

They hid him for three months,

Moses and the princess

Rescuing

Raising: by the Pharaoh’s daughter

The Man in the Middle

The killing of the Egyptian: probably accidental.

The fight of his brethren reveals that they knew about his killing.

Moses tries to keep everything in secret but there was someone who knows.

There is no way we can justify the act of Mos

es, it is a crime.

He went to Midian when Pharaoh is looking to kill him.

He met the Priest there and his daughters.

He accepts a Midianite girl as his wife: Zipporah. He has two sons Gershom and Eliezer.

The mission of Moses (Ch. 3)

Israel’s Misery

Egyptian persecution intensifies and God listens their suffering.

Jethro means:

Reuel: means friend of God.

“El” is one of designations for God in the Old Testament.

Many of the names in the OT have a special meaning or designation.

What kind of Priest was Jethro? God had priests before the Law of Moses. One can assume that
Jethro was a Priest of God: In the line of Melchizzedek. God chose Melchizzedk out of the law.
Moses’s law is not the line through which salvation would come.

The mount of God: Horeb-Sinai.

The Theophany that Moses will come across:

The Angel of the Lord: The very presence of God.

Pulpit: “Taking the whole narrative altogether, we are justified in concluding that the
appearance was that of "the Angel of the Covenant" or" the Second Person of the Trinity himself;"
but this is not stated nor implied in the present verse”.

God said out of the midst of the bush:

v. 4 The address: “Moses, Moses”

v. 5 The warning “Take ou your shoes”

v. 6 God presents himself as The God of his ancestors: The beginning of a nation. Humility:
Recognizing the presence of the Holy

v. 7 God feels compassion for his people:

Extra note: It’s good to be a hard worker in anything we do, but the Israelites had some rigid
taskmasters. They were making life miserable for the Israelites.

v. 8 The promise of deliverance for Israel.

v. 9. Things are going to change: Challenge to Moses.

v. 10 Moses is the instrument to deliver freedom.

Who was the Pharaoh during Moses’s time?

v. 11. Moses tinks that the challenge is too big for him: “Who am I?”

v. 12 The assurance! The presence of God. The assurance of the promise in this verse is no
other thing but the very presence of God and the possibility of Worship.

v. 13-14: “The I AM”. Tetragrammaton: four consonant letter that make the Covenant name for
God: YHWH.

Old Hebrew has no vowels in its writing.

The names of God:

God= Elohim

LORD= KJV rendition of YHWH

Jehovah= ASV rendition

 Lord= Adonai

Eze 2:4  For they are impudent children and stiffhearted. I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt
say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD: Lord= Adonai, God= YHWH.

v. 15 “the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, hath sent me unto you: this is
my name for ever, and this is my memorial unto all generations”

It is a Name that will be remembered. The name of an everlasting covenant.

v. 16 The plan of deliverance: Coming to the elders.

v. 17 Reaffirmation of the promise: Milk and Honey. The symbol of rest and love.

v. 18 The assurance that they will listen to Moses.

V 19-21: The promise of wonders that the Lord will make.

v. 22:

Chapter 4

v. 1-9: The miracles performed to convince Moses. Sets precedence for the use of miraculous
means to make sure that the message and the messenger was from GOD. The power
demonstrated.

v. 10-11: Having deficiency in some area shouldn’t be an excuse to do God’s will.

v. 14-17: God to Moses, Moses to Aron and Aron to the people.

v. 18-20: His return to Egypt.

-40 years as prince in Egypt.

-40 years in Midian.

v. 21: God will harden the Pharaoh’s heart. Is it responsibility of God the decision of Pharaoh?

v. 22: The Lord refers to Israel as his First Born.

A warning for the last plague.

v. 24-26: The circumcision.

v. 27-31: Aaron receives Moses. Then in the presence of the people Moses performs the signs and
the people believed: There wasn’t anything to worry for Moses. “then they bowed their heads and
worshipped”. They know how much this means.
Chapter 5

The first encounter with Pharaoh:

v. 1-2: The words of God don’t mean anything to him.

v. 3-11: The work increases upon the Israelites.

v. 17-18: The work gets unreasonably hard.

v. 20-23: The people and Moses claim to the Lord.

Moses couldn’t understand the way of Jehovah.

Chapter 6

v. 3: God almighty (El Shaddai) not YHWH: He appeared unto the fathers but not with that name:
Not that they didn’t know that name, but it did not have the significance of the covenant. The next
verses seem to indicate that the covenant will make sense now.

v. 9: The Israelites due to all their suffering did not hear the voice of Moses.

v. 12: Over again Moses excusing himself.

The Genealogy of Moses and Aaron (v 14-24).

Chapter 7

v. 3: “And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and multiply my signs and my wonders in the land of
Egypt”. Is not a direct operation of God upon Pharaoh, the word that Moses is saying goes against
what the King want, he therefore closes his heart! God is the one hardening his heart with the
preaching of the word, however he had the free will to obey. Challenging the decisions of Pharaoh.

The hardening of Pharaoh’s heart: God didn’t provoke him to sin. He knows that through the
message of Moses his heart will be hardened.

The ten plagues:

The first three concerning the Nile

The first plague

The water will turn to blood: The Nile which was a source of life, it will be turned into a source or
symbol of death.

The polytheistic society of Egypt. Many of the plagues have a symbolism concerning the gods of
Egypt.
v. 19. All water of Egypt was turned into blood.

Exo 7:22  And the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments: and Pharaoh's heart was
hardened, neither did he hearken unto them; as the LORD had said. 

The second plague:

The frogs.

Chapter 8

v. 1-7: The whole land is covered in frogs; the magicians make it look like they can do it.

v. 8: The Pharaoh recognizes that the Lord can get rid of this plague.

v. 9-11: Moses agrees in praying for the frogs to disappear.

v. 12-14: The frogs died, and the land stank.

v. 15: Pharaoh hardened his heart again.

The view of frogs for Egyptians:

Were considered to be some kind of theophany. Killing a frog was a death punishing crime.

Plague 3: Gnats (lice: blood sucking insects).

A plague against the earth god Geb.

v. 18: The magicians couldn’t perform this.

The fourth plague: swarms (flies?)

v. 21: apparently the original text does not include the word flies.

Amon Ra had the head of a beetle.

v. 22-23: This was the first plague where God made protection for his people.

v. 25-32: Again Moses intercedes for Pharaoh and God takes out the plague: however, he lies
again and hardens his heart against the people of God.

The fifth Plague: Egyptian livestock dies.

Chapter 9.

All kinds of animals and cattle of the Egyptians.

Exo 9:4 And the LORD shall sever between the cattle of Israel and the cattle of Egypt: and there
shall nothing die of all that is the children's of Israel

God’s protection for Israel.

The horses and cattle were considered sacred: god Apis, Hathor.

The sixth plague: Boils.

Some kind of skin anthrax. Black abscesses.

The magicians couldn’t even stand.

An affront to Imhotep: The God of Medicine.

An affront to Thoth.

The seventh: Hail

v. 13-17: Moses let Pharaoh know that God is the one giving him all the power. That nothing can
stop the power of God.

God makes rain of hail mixed with fire: there was a warning about this.

Only in the land of Goshen with Israel there was no damage.

Pharaoh plays with God and Moses again.

The eight plague: Locusts

Chapter 10

v. 2: to show the Jehovah is the Lord! The tales of this story serve that purpose.

v. 7: The land of Egypt was destroyed already.

Again this was an affront to the gods of Egypt.

A west wind dragged the locust into the Red Sea.

Ninth plague: darkness.

Three days of absolute darkness.

Attested in memorial by Josephus

Amon-Ra the mighty god of sun was silent.

The tenth plague: death of the firstborn

Chapter 11

Exo 11:3

And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover the man Moses was
very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants, and in the sight of the people.

Every firstborn of man and cattle will die.

Chapter 12

This was going to be the first month

10th day: The Passover.

The blood of the lambs would be painted on the doors, a signal of salvation.

Exo 12:14  And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall
keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep
it a feast by an ordinance for ever. 

This will be a permanent ritual for Judaism.

There is a lesson on how God pays attention to details in his worship.

v. 28: They were capable of fulfill the commandments as the Lord said.

Again is shown how the Egyptian gods were powerless in this plague.

The mourning of Egypt was visible.

The irony that Pharaoh was trying to kill the male children of Israel and then God kills the firstborn
of all Egyptian.

v. 40: the sojourning of Israel was 400 years. The Septuagint has a different reading where it says
that the sojourning was 250 years.

Chapter 13

v. 1-7: The celebration of the Passover.

No leaven: something that changes, a symbol of purity.

The details of the feast symbolizing the elements of the Lord’s Supper.

v. 8-13: The redeeming of the firstborn: The children are a gift from the Lord. It means a dedication
to the Lord. The redeeming is to buy again something: through the blood of the lamb.
v. 14: A remembrance of the Exodus.

v. 15: All the first born of the beast shall be offered in sacrifice but the children shall be redeemed.
The symbol of the slaying of the firstborn in Egypt.

v. 17-18: The road was through the wilderness.

v. 21: The protection of the Lord was with them all along: nothing could hinder them to travel
safely.

v. 22: a faithful protection of the Lord.

Chapter 14

The lord will harden the heart of Pharaoh one more time, to show his power over the earth.

v. 5: Pharaoh realizes it was a mistake.

v. 6-7: 600 chariots.

v. 8: begins the persecution.

v. 10-12: The people turn against Moses: The promise of God was that he was going to be with
them.

v. 13-14: see the salvation! A call to trust the Lord

v. 15-18: the red sea opening.

v. 21-22: Two walls of water on the sides.

v. 23-28: The waters close again over the Egyptians.

v. 25: “so that the Egyptians said, Let us flee from the face of Israel; for the LORD fighteth for them
against the Egyptians”. The realization of the greatness of God.

v. 29-31: the faith of Israel won’t be long.

1 Cor. 10:1: A symbol of the salvation through the baptism.

The obedience was present even when God was the ultimate source of their salvation. Trust and
having faith in God implies obedience. All biblical faith consist in this.

Jude 9

Chapter 15

The song of Moses: The message pf all the Old Testament: Proclaiming Jehovah as his Savior.
v. 14: The people shall hear and be afraid: The world knew Jehovah.

Joshua 2:8-11

v. 20: there is nothing sinful per se in dancing. It was a joyful demonstration of gratitude towards
God.

v. 22-27: They came to Marah and the water was bitter. The doubt starts again in the people.
Moses went to the Lord and he made the waters sweet. The Lord gave them statutes and
ordinances there.

The promise of faithfulness comes with the command of obedience.

None of these diseases: blessings come from obedience to God’s command.

v. 27: they arrived to Elim

Chapter 16

v. 1-9: Murmuring against of Moses and the Lord. They ask for food remembering all they had in
Egypt. Rain of bread from heaven. Specific instruction on how much should they collect each day.

v. 11-12: God gives flesh and bread: quails.

v. 15-20: The recollection of the bread. Again some people disobeyed.

v. 22: the sixth day, they gathered the double.

v. 23-24: The celebration of the Sabbath according to the commands of the Lord. The observance
of the Sabbath was an important part of their faith. This is the first time that the commandment
was observed, there is no record of previous celebration of this.

It is a sign directed to Israel, as a special covenant. Is not to all the world.

Nehemiah 9:14

v. 31: The bread was called Mana

v. 33: The Mana kept in the ark.

How do we know that the 10 commandments are no longer valid?

Exodus 34 – 2 Cor 3:7-11: The glory reflected by Moses is abolished. Now the Glory comes from
the new Testament in Christ.

Chapter 17

v. 1-7: The Israelites complain again against Moses for water.

v. 5-6: God commands Moses to smite the rock.

v. 7: The people tempted the Lord

v. 8-16: The first recorded battle of Israel versus Amalec. By the power of God shown when Moses
raised his hands.

v. 13: Israel prevailed against Amalec.

1 Samuel 15

v. 15: Jehovah-nisi: Jehovah my banner!

Chapter 18

The reencounter of Jethro with Moses.

v. 10-11: the confession of Jethro

v. 12: Both, Jethro and Moses offered sacrifices: Jethro could have a patriarchal authority to be a
priest of God to the gentiles.

v. 13-18: Jethro warns Moses about the excessive work that Moses is doing by himself.

v. 19-22: The advice of Jethro of delegating assignments to good people that could handle the
problems that the people were facing. Only the big problems were to be resolved by Moses.

v. 23: He points out that this should be approved by God.

v. 24-27: Moses follows the advice.

Chapter 19

The sealing of the Covenant

The key phrase is “If you obey my voice and keep my covenant”, a condition required in order to
receive the blessing.

v. 6: - 1 Pet 2:9 “a kingdom of priests and holy nation”.

v. 8: “And all the people answered together, and said, All that the LORD hath spoken we will do”:
They couldn’t be faithful to this response.

v. 9-12: The warning about the theophany: The glory of God transcends all our comprehension.

v. 14-15: preparation and purification.

v. 16-19: A direct meeting with God. The history of Israel is a continuous address between God and
the people. The Glory of God was overwhelming.

v. 21-25: The command of keep away from the presence of God.

Chapter 20 (Deuteronomy 5)

The giving of the ten commandments.

Differences from the numbering of the commandments

For the Jews:

1º verse 2

2º 3-6

For the Catholics, Lutherans, and Anglicans split verse 17 in two commandments

All of the use of the personal pronouns are singular. It is a direct command to an individual. Eight
negative commands and one positive. The “no” and “not” are in a strong form in Hebrew. It does
not allow any exception or difference.

1. No other gods

Acts 14:15

Matthew 4:10

2. No images

1 Cor 8:4

Colossians 3:5

1 John 5:21

3. The name in vain

Matthew 5:33-37

James 5:12

4. Sabbath

No N.T. passages talking about Christians observing the Sabbath

We have teachings about worshiping God

Hebrews 10:5

1 Cor 16:1-2

Acts 20:7
 Rev 1:10

5. Honor thy father

Ephesians 6:2-3

6. Thou shalt not kill

Matthew 5:21-22

1 John 3:15

7. Thou shalt not commit adultery

Matthew 5:27-28

Gal 5:19

8. Thou shalt not steal

Eph 4:28

9. Thou shalt not bear false witness

Eph 4:25

Col 3:9

Rev 21:8

10. Thou shalt not covet

Ephesians 5:2-5

Hebrews 13:5

Col 3:5

The first four concern with the love of God, and the rest six concern the love of one’s neighbor.

v. 18: The presence of God was manifest to all the people.

v. 19: Moses was sent by the people to receive the message of God.

v. 20: The fear here is concern with a literal fear; the second fear is the reverence that we should
have in the presence of God.

v. 22-24: The proof of his glory so that no one has any doubt of who is God.
The jealousy of God in the OT concerns with an exclusive relation between God and Israel.

Chapter 21

The next laws given are as important as the ten commandments. This is the natural outcome of
that part of the law.

This chapter concerns with equal justice: men, women, children, the unborn, etc.

If we are not under the OT, why are we studying it?

Two extremes: not studying it or following it as a law. PRINCIPLES, not LAWS

v. 2-6: there are laws on treatment.

6 years and in the 7 he shall be free, however, if the servant decides to stay there is a sign
for him to wear: a willing servant and a kind master.

v. 7-8: A maidservant should not be sold to any foreign nation.

v. 9-11: The laws of justice for ladies.

v. 12: A murder is punished by death

v. 13: This is a murder for self-defense or accident: a place to flee. 6 cities of refugee.

v. 14: a premeditated murder should be punished by death.

The death penalty has its place for God:

- In the patriarchal age: Gen 9:6

- In the law of Moses: Exodus 21

- Christian age: Romans 13; Ananias and Sphira, Acts: 25:11.

v. 16: Kidnapping and human traffic: penalty of death

v. 17: Cursing his father and mother: “curse” means to despise: whishing a curse upon them.

v. 18-19: an injure will cost a responsibility from the injurer.

v. 20-21:

v. 22-23: if a pregnant woman is injured there is a penalty, if it causes abortion it should be death
penalty. If the child survives there is no death penalty but still has to pay according to the judges.

v. 26-27: if a master injures his servant they shall be left free. The punishment should not be taken
too far “tooth for tooth”.
 Matthew 5:38-42: The Christian practice shouldn’t be a search for vengeance but of
forgiveness.

The higher standard for Christians

v. 28-29: In the case of an accident with an ox the animal should be put to death, but if the owner
knows of the danger of the animal, he shall be put to death also.

v. 30-32: there are circumstances where the owner can pay a fee for the crime.

v. 33-36: principles of fairness.

Chapter 22

v. 1: An ox is restituted with five, and a sheep with four.

v. 2: A self-defense is not punishable

v. 3: Here is referring to an act of vengeance.

v. 4: If a theft is caught with what he stole he is expected to restitute the double.

v. 5: If one ruins the vineyard of other he shall pay of the best of his own vineyard.

v. 6: If a person starts a fire that consumes the crops he should restitute.

v. 7-8: if someone steals the money of a neighbor that was delegated to other, and the thief isn’t
found the owner have the right to investigate.

v. 9-15: laws about fraud and restitution

v. 16-17: Laws about marrying: specific time and culture.

v. 18: Against sorcery.

v. 19: Against bestiality.

What is the extent allowed to go in the gender theory?

v. 20: Idolatry is punished by death.

v. 21: There is no place for violence against the foreigner.

v. 22-24: Social justice for widows and orphans: The wrath of God is upon those who mistreat
widows and orphans,

v. 25: Laws against taking advantage of a loan.

v. 26-27: Laws against economic abuse.

v. 28: Against the revile of the earthly rulers (the power comes from God)

v. 29-30: The primacies of the properties (including children) should be given to God.

v. 31: Holiness in the food.

Chapter 23

v. 1-3: Laws against false testimony.

v. 2: The multitudes don’t dictate what is right or wrong

v. 4-5: Help the man that hates you

v. 6-8: Command to do justice. Against bribe or false justice.

v. 9: Treat the stranger with justice and respect.

v. 10-11: 6 years will work the land but the seventh year the land is free so the poor can eat. The
value of human life is more than that of the animals.

v. 12: another reason for the Sabbath.

v. 13: a careful observation of the law

v. 14: three times a year feast:

v. 15: the feast of unleavened bread

v. 16: harvest

v. 17-19: presenting the best of the fruits for God.

v. 20-24: Warnings for entering the Land. The Angel was with them and should be obedient to
him: Jesus Christ, the second person of the Trinity.

Warning against idolatry.

v. 25: God taking care of the physical needs of the people.

v. 26-27: The blessings that they will have when they enter in the promised land.

Chapter 24

v. 1: “An he said”: that “he” is not clear, because of the next sentence.

Nadab and Abihu: later killed: priests of God.

Seventy elders- The civic and religious government

v. 2: “Only Moses can get close to God”

v. 3: All the people compromises to fulfill the commandments: One can only teach the people, but
the compromise is theirs.

v. 4: The writing of the law.

v. 7: The book is read and the people reaffirm their covenant with God. It was always temporal.

v. 8: the covenant is sealed with the blood of the sacrifices. Matthew 26: The Lord’s blood is now
the blood the new covenant.

v. 10: Did they see God? This would contradict Exodus 33:20 and John 1:18. What is seen of God is
a theophany, not the actual presence of God. The glory of God in the shape of sapphire.

v. 16-18: The glory manifested in fire.

Chapter 25

v. 2: People willing to give offering: God demands our offerings to be with real purpose.

v. 8: a sanctuary for God to dwell

v. 9: A pattern: God has always had in mind the idea of a pattern for his worship and commands.

The Tabernacle

1-5 a command to build the Tabernacle

Tabernacle means: tent of meeting.

God wanted to dwell among his people in order to have fellowship with them

General scheme:

-Gate

-Bronze altar

-Bronze laver

-Tent

-Court fence

Inside the tent

- Holy place:

Golden Lampstand
Altar of incense

Table of the showbread

- Most Holy Place

Ark of the Covenant

-The Tabernacle and its courtyard were constructed according to the pattern of God (25:8-9)

-Pattern of worship

-Shows how common people can have fellowship with God

-Tabernacle was in the center of the camp

-12 tribes encamped around it

-Spiritual center for 500 years, until Solomon’s Temple. Fifty chapters in the Bible discuss the
Tabernacle

-Built with: gold, silver, bronze, precious woos, and rare cloth.

-The cost of the gold alone would exceed a million dollars.

-It was paid by the offerings of the people

-Tabernacle is a “shadow” of things in heaven

-Foreshadowed the redemptive works of Jesus (Hebrews 9)

-The real tabernacle is in heaven where Jesus is our Highest Priest (Hebrews 8:1-5)

THE ARK OF THE COVENANT (25:10-16)

-Made of acacia wood, overlaid with gold in and out of it. The gold crown around the edge of the
top.

-Four gold rings one on each leg, were placed for carrying poles.

-The poles were acacia wood overlaid with gold.

-The Mercy seat on the top of the Ark

Measures:

2.5 cubits’ long

1.5 cubits’ wide

1.5 cubits’ high

Contents

Hebrews 9:4: the desire of God to protect, provide, and bring life to the people

The rod of Aron

The jar of Mana

The tablets of the ten commandments

Jesus fulfilled the law and protects all believers with his blood.

Jesus provides us the bread of life: eternal salvation (John 6)

Jesus demonstrated his power over death

The mercy seat (25:17-21)

Made of pure gold

Cherubim in each side facing each other with wings above them.

One solid piece of gold

Placed on the top of the ark

MEasurments

2.5 cubits’ long (45 in. or 115 cm)

1.5 front to back

On the day of atonement, the high priest would sprinkle the blood of the sacrifice to atone for the
sins of all the people

God offered mercy so sinful people could approach Him

The mercy of God was shown in the blood of Christ

Our efforts to be good people are not enough to approach God. Jesus alone is the way to God
(John 14:6).

Hebrews 4:16. Blood of Jesus give us mercy

THE TABLE OF SHOWBREAD (25:23-30)

-made with acacia wood and overlaid with gold.

-crown around the edge

-Rings to carry it

-poles acacia with gold

-dishes, spoons, covers, pitchers, bowls: all made with pure gold.

Measures

2 cubits long, one cubit wide, 1.5 cubits high

-On the table: twelve loaves of bread.

-Wine placed on the altar in the vessels that were with the bread.

-reminder of the covenant

-fresh bread placed every Sabbath

Jesus is our bread of life (John 6:35) (John 6:51)

THE GOLDEN LAMPSTAND (25:31-40)

Made of one talent of gold

Hammered of one solid piece

Central shaft with six branches: seven branch lampstand

Each branch had a container for oil

The priest’s duty was to trim the wicks and keep the lamp lit

Ligh for the tabernacle

God as the light of Israel

The word of God is our light (Psalm 119:105)

Jesus is the Word of God (John 1:1; 1:14)

Jesus is the light of the world (John 8:12)

Believers shine the light of Christ to the world (Matthew 5:14-16)

Materials for the covering of the Tabernacle

First: goat’s hair with linen beneath (25:4)

Second: ram skin dyed red (25:15/26:14)

Top: badger, porpoise, or sea cow skin (Ex: 25:5)

Construction

-48 boards

-100 sockers

-Bars

-Pillars, hooks

-Curtains at the entrance

THE VEIL

Woven blue, purple and scarlet red. Design of the cherubim.

Four pillars of acacia wood overlaid with gold

Measures:

-10 cubits’ long

-10 cubits’ high

Divider of the holy and the most holy place

A sign of the separation between God and Man

Once a year, on the day of attonment th high prist would enter into the Most Hoky

When Jesus died the veil was torn from top to the bottom (Matthew 27:51): symbolizes the ability
of any believer to approach God by the death of Christ. The sin has been put away (Hebres 10:19-
20)

Measurements of the Tabernacle

30 cubits long

10 cubits wide

10 cubits high

Holy

20 cubits long
10 cubits wide

Most Holy

10 cubits long

10 cubits wide

The most holy place

The Ark was there

The glory of God rested upon the lid of the Ark

10 cubits wide and long

The cloud and the pillar of Fire

God’s presence resting above the tabernacle

When the cloud or the Pillar of Fire moved the camp was moving

When it stopped they camped.

The brass altar

The fire of the altar never should stop. Located in the courtyard.

Made of acacia wood. Square and covered with bronze. The four corners of the altar had horns
overlaid with bronze.

Utinsiles:

Bronze pans to receive the ashes, shovels, basins, flesh hooks, firepans.

Measurements

5 cubits long

5 cubits wide

3 cubits high

Several kinds of offerings were made on the altar: burnt offering, grain, peace, sin offering,
trespass offering

Sacrifice was necessary for forgiveness. Justifying the sinner before the Lord.

Jesus is the ultimate sacrifice. The blood of the animals made the people of Israel only temporarily
Jesus’s sacrifice makes us clean forever.

The Lamb of God (John 1:29)

The court fence

Outer border of the Tabernacle area

Linen curtains

Measurements:

50 cubits wide

100 cubits long

5 cubits High

The gate

Facing east

Made with:

Hanging curtains

Four pillars of brass

Sockets of bronze

Hooks and fillets

Measurements

20 cubits by 5 cubits

Separation from the people: only with repentance you could approach

Jesus is our gate to the Father.

High Priest

Dressing:

Tunic, Rob, Ephod, breastplate, stones, shoulder stones, Mitre (Turban), the holy plate, the censer.

Jesus is our High Priest

The altar of incense

Acacia wood stood in front of the Veil

Special incense

The incense today is the prayer of the saints

Bronze laver

Ceremonial washing: sign of purification.

The cleansing of our hearts.

6 chapters dedicated to specify the pattern that God demands for worship. God has always
demanded the pattern to do his will.

The tabernacle became the center of the public life of the Israelites.

Chapter 31

v. 1-4: God has inspired the men and give them the skills to make the Tabernacle.

v. 6: God equipped us with what we need to fulfill his will.

v. 7-11: the attention to detail.

v. 13: The Sabbath is a specific sign for the relation between God and Israel: it is rooted in the
covenant made by God with Israel, not in the creation. It is not a universal law for all people of all
times.

v. 14: A holy day for the Israelites.

v. 15: The defiance of the Sabbath was punishable by death.

v. 16-17: A reaffirmation of the sanctity of the Sabbath

Chapter 32

The Golden Calf

“Make us gods”:

Aaron is involved in the defiance against God.

They broke the first 2 commands of the Law. They had ascribed to the Calf the deeds of the true
God.

God informs Moses what is going on with the people.

Moses intercedes for the people: Begs for mercy on the idea of the covenant traced to the fathers
(v 13)

V 19: the dancing is not of joy, but of idolatry.

The breaking of the tablets and the calf.

v. 25: naked (desenfrenado RV)

Moses asks explanations to Aaron, and he excuses himself.

Key words:

Work: the tabernacle

Rest: The Sabbath

Law: Specific commands to follow in their daily live

Unbelief: The answer that they gave to God in chapter 19 was not fulfill. Even with the visible
presence of God among them.

Compromise: When Aaron was confronted for their sin, he blamed the people and the furnace,
but did not blame himself.

Intercession: Moses loved the people so much even when they had spoken against him in his back.
Had been a selfish man, he would have taken the offer of God to make a nation from his seed. He
was humble and kind.

Discipline: The idea of hating evil should be something in the life of a Christian. They received a
specific command against idolatry and the consequences, the judgement was right.

Chapter 33

v. 1-2: The promise is renewed.

v. 3: A land flowing with milk and honey: motherly protection and holy pleasures.

v. 10: Seeing the glory of God they worshiped.

V 12ff: Beautiful conversation.

Moses did not see the face of God, but he had a special connection with God. A personal
addressing from God to Moses. Moses was a friend of God: the best friendship is with God.

God’s presence:

God’s glory: No man can see God, but God can reveal some of his glory whenever he wants.

Chapter 34

New tablets for the ten commandments

He has to go by himself: complete solitude.

The Lord announcing himself to Moses as a merciful God.

Moses worshiping God.

A gracious God: God is giving a second chance. Satan wants us to believe that there is no a second
chance, but there is. God is gracious to us! There is forgiveness in God!

A jealous God: We have a compromise with God, and he expects us to be faithful to that
compromise. It’s an exclusive relation to God. Capital J implies that it is part of his nature (v. 12-
17).

19-20: God has the first place in all of their possessions.

21ff: celebration of the different feast.

28: 40 days and 40 nights. The covenant is equivalent to the ten commandments, therefore, the
ten commandments have been abolished under Christ.

Glorious God: The glory of God shining in the face of Moses. He had to veil his face, the veil has
been taken away.

Chapters 36-38 are the fulfillment of the chapter 25 and 26. The instructions of the tabernacle and
the ark are followed in a precise form. There is no excuse to not follow the instructions of God
exactly as he has said them.

Parallels:

26 – 36

26:34ff – 40:20

27:1ff-38:1ff

27:9ff – 38:9ff

27:20 – Lev 24:2

28 – 39

29:1ff-Lev 8:2

29:38ff – Num 28:2

30 – 37:25

30:17ff – 38:8ff

30:25 – 37:29

30:35 – 37:29
 31:1ff – 35:30ff

31:6 – 35:10

31:7 – 35:11

Chapter 40

We see God’s pattern fulfilled by Moses. The pattern is important to God, and so should be for us.

Finished: The work is done by Moses, but he still waits for the instructions of the Lord.

Furnished.

Fragrant: a nice smell to God.

Filled: a pattern given by God, the house of God filled with the presence of God

God’s dwelling places:

God walked with man (Gen 5:24)

He desired to dwell with them (Exod. 25:8)

His glory came to the tabernacle (Ex 40)

When Israel sinned, the glory was departed (1 Kings 8)

The glory dwell in the temple, but sin made it depart again

The glory came into the glory of Jesus (John 1:14)

Dwells in the Church

It’ll dwell forever in heaven

LEVITICUS

Chapter 1

v. 1-9: Instructions for the burn offering. The purpose is to propitiate for the sins. Signify complete
dedication and consecration to the Lord.

According to the wealth of the person (2 Cor 8:11-12). Bull without blemish, a sheep or goat or a
turtledove or young pigeons.

The offerer brings the animal to the priest and lay his hands upon it: sign of identification. The
blood is sprinkled upon the altar. The animal is flayed and burnt.

v. 10-13: instructions for a sheep sacrifice.

v. 14-17: the offering of fowl. The bird was beheaded and its blood was wrung outside of the altar.

The fowl was for God as good as any bull: the heart determines the quality of our worship.

Chapter 2: grain offering (KJV is confusing: meat is used in the sense of “meal” or “grain”).

What Cain offered can be considered a grain offering, however, his offering was not accepted
because it was not commanded by the Lord.

Fine flour, mixed with oil and frankincense: burnt on the altar. Baked in oven or pan.

No offering made with leaven or honey: prominent elements in pagan cults.

Offering of the first fruits v. 12-16.

2 Chronicles 13: Covenant of salt. Preservation from decay, an everlasting covenant with Israel.

KJV: corn means any kind of grain.

Deuteronomy 18

Chapter 3: peace offering.

To express peace and fellowship to God. A communal meal with the family.

Than offering: gratitude for blessings.

Votive offering: a vow

Freewill offering: without any particular reason.

According to the wealth:

Chapter 4: sin offering.

v. 1-3: Sinning through ignorance. The only sin that could be atoned with a sacrifice is that which is
committed through ignorance. Several translations of this idea corresponds with committing a sin
with no intentions. Is important to understand the word discussed:

-Includes more than unconscious sins: it’s a sin that is product of temptations in which the sons of
Israel fall (Num 15:22-29). Different to a defiant attitude towards God (v. 30-31): rebellion against
God.

Sin can be intentional but necessarily a defiant trespass against God. It’s a product of the
weakness of the flesh.

Ref: 1 John 1:5: it is a matter of direction and not perfection.

There is a specific offering for these sins.

The sin offering was the acknowledge of sin, a calling to repentance: This shows how the law was
not just a bunch of legalistic rules of rituals and commandments, but a real covenant between a
loving God and his people.

This sin covers all the people in Israel:

The high priest 1-12

All the congregation 13-21

A ruler 22-26

The common people 27ff

There is no difference between people.

*Side note: Fellowship Offering-Peace offering/ Burnt offering/ Sin Offering-Purification

offering/ Meal offering/ Trespass offering.

We know that the blood of the sacrifices could not cleans any one, that it is only through the blood
of Christ, however, even with the blood of Christ, if an Israelite wouldn’t obey the sacrifices, there
wouldn’t be any forgiveness.

Abel and Cain: The sacrifices. Why the acceptance of Abel’s bloody sacrifice and the reject Cain’s
fruits? Was it because the disobedience of a specific command?

Chapter 5

v. 1: The witness of a sin: Someone who refuses to testify against that sin.

Bear his iniquity: the context makes the difference between suffering a guilt, or suffering the
consequences of the sin.

v. 2: Objects that can make someone impure: the ignorance does not prevent sin.

v. 3: A sort of a contradiction. A man is sin even if he is not aware of that.

v. 4: The problem of making oaths very lightly. One is guilty whether he knows it or not.

v. 5ff: The description of the offerings, according to the economical capacity. A constant reminder
of the type of offering.

According to the wealth:

-A goat

-Two turtledoves

-tenth part of an ephah of fine floue

v. 15-19: Trespass offerings: reparation offerings.

CASE LAW: contextual situations in which the law is applied.

1. Profaning something holy unintentionally (15-16).

2. Someone who remains unaware of his transgression (17-19) (Psalm 19:12).

3. Someone who use of false oath.

Instruction for the offering:

A ram without blemish.

Repaying of what is taken with 20% more.

Chapter 6

1-7: lying to get a benefit: stealing and lying about it.

The use of swearing to keep a lie.

v. 4-5: Restitution and 20% more.

Again the use of the word guilty refers to the sin and its consequences.

v. 6-7: The guilt is to be fixed with the man but also with God (Matthew 5:23-24) (Luke 19:8).

First five chapters: five major offerings

Chapters 6-7: The five offerings again but directed to the priests.

Specific instructions of how to perform the offerings: The requirements for every case and every
aspect of the sacrifices.

v. 10-11: Ex 20:26; 28:42-43. The need for appropriate dress concerning the things of God.

v. 12-13: The fires of the altar should’ve never be put out. Perpetual burning fire.

The grain offering:

v. 14-15: The law: The sons of Aaron shall offer it.

The difference between holy and most holy offerings.

A continual offering on behalf of the priest.

The grain offering is continual, but it is burned: not to be eaten.

Continual burn offering for the people, and continual grain offering for the priesthood.
Proper procedure:

v. 25ff: the law of the sin offering:

where to kill it (v. 25)

where to eat it (v. 26)

Chapter 7

Trespass offering: most holy.

v. 1-5: the place of the slaughter, the procedure.

v. 6: who and where to eat.

v. 8: the distribution: the priest gets the skin. Burnt offering

v. 9: whole cook grain offering

v. 10: grain offering not cooked: shared equally among the priests.

Fellowship offerings (peace)

Different types:

11-15: Praise peace offering

Vow offerings

Free will offerings

v. 12: instructions for thanksgiving offering.

Three types of bread (Numbers 6)

Unleavened bread mixed with oil.

v. 15: eaten the same day is offered.

v. 16: if it is a vow offering or a free will offering: eaten the same day and the left overs the next
day. Burnet the third day. (Psalms 66:13; 116:14ff).

v. 18: the specs are to be respected for God considers violations as abominations. The leftovers are
spoiled both spiritual and physical.

v. 19-21: You have to be pure to eat from the sacrifice. Cut off from the people: can mean expelled
from the community, from worship or death.

v. 28-36 Portions set aside for the priest.

1. The fat burned on the altar to the Lord (3:3-5; 7:31).

2. The right thigh for the priest and his family (7:32)

3. The breast for the priest and his family (7:31; 10:12). Eaten in a clean place.

4.

Numbers 8:15-16. Lev 14:12;

v. 37: summary of the five sacrifices.

Chapter 8: the consecration of the tabernacle and the ordaining of the priests. (Ex 29:43ff
fulfilled).

v. 1-3: First part: getting Aaron and the people ready for the sanctification.

Stage 1: get them cleansed and clothed

v. 5: is what God said

v. 6-9: cleansing and the clothing.

Stage 2: the anointing

v. 10-11: process for sanctification of he tabernacle

v. 12: The sanctification of Aaron (Psalm) (Ex 30:30-33). A sanctified oil (the anointing of the kings
2 Kings 9:3)

v. 13: everything done is done with divine authority.

Stage 3: the sin offering.

v. 14-15: purification of the altar, reconciliation.

Stage 4: the burnt offering.

v. 18-21: the fulfillment of the commands.

Stage 5: the ram of consecration

v. 23: the blood upon the tip of Aaron’s right ear, right thumb, great toe of right foot.

v. 24: same to Aron’s sons.

v. 25ff: the specific fulfillment of the commands concerning the burnt offering.

7 days of consecration.
Chapter 9

1-5 preparations

The eight day, after the purification.

All the offerings (sin, burnt and fellowship offering) are brought to Moses: for the priest and for
the people.

v. 3: a bullock (Gen 18:6-8)

6-22 the ceremony

All the offerings are made in order

23-24 The Lord’s appearance and approval (1 Kings 18:38ff) Temple dedication (2 Chron 7:1)

People fell on their faces in sign of worship: The Lord is the one true God (Ex 34:8).

Chapter 10

Nadab and Abihu: The difference between “as the Lord commanded” and “that the Lord
commanded not”.

The fire in the last chapter was of glory, this time was to consume.

Aaron understands (v. 3) that this is the will of God. Lamentations 3:28: the silence before God.

Ex 30:7-9.

10 Times the phrase “as the Lord commanded”:

8:4, 9, 13, 17, 21, 29, 36 9:5, 10, 21.

One time the phrase “that the Lord commanded not”

Instructions to take out the bodies of Nadab and Abihu.

v. 8-11: prohibition of alcohol during the service of the Lord: possible cause of the death of the
sons of Aaron.

Leviticus depicts God as the Royal King, his spiritual throne is veiled from us, a complete and
solemn respect before him.

v. 12ff: they go back to do the things as the Lord has commanded.

v. 16: Moses thought that this was another case of priestly disobedience.

Chapter 11
From chapter 11-15 is dealing with laws of impurity.

This chapter is about animals to eat.

v. 1-23: Creatures that can and cannot eat.

v. 24-40: How to get cleansed when you touch an animal carcass

v. 41-45: smaller creatures

v. 46-47: summary of the whole chapter.

Two reasons for the prohibition of certain animals was health and pagan rituals.

The carcass of unclean animals made someone unclean until the even.

v. 44: The summary of all the book: the authority of God is enough to demand holiness from the
people of Israel (1 Pet 1:15-16).

Chapter 12

Instructions of purification after child birth.

Chiasm: correlation between the first and last section of a specific topic.

Case law.

The birth of a male child (2-4)

Seven days of uncleanness after the birth (1 st stage)

Circumcision at the eight day (Ex 22:30; Lev 22:7)

Other 33 days of purification after the circumcision: 40 days total (2 nd days)

No sexual relations in this period: contagious impurity.

The symbolism of the number 7, 8, 40

Female child (5)

14 days of initial purification

66 days of second purification

80 days in total

Laws for the children (6-8)

After the 40 or 80 days: Burnt offering and sin offering.

To make attonement.

A lamb for a burn offering, and a turtle dove for a sin offering

IF she can’t bring a lamb: two turtle doves or two young pigeons.

Luke 2:19

The reason for this laws are not stated in the Bible: many reasons can be say.

Chapter 13

Cases and laws.

v. 2, 9, 18, 24,29, 38, 40.

Unclean skin condition, unclean garments

Case laws.

The man with skin plague was taken to the priests.

The modern depictions of leprosy don’t match exactly the account of Leviticus.

If the plague of the skin is considered leprosy it shall be considered unclean between the people.

v. 4-6: If the skin does not turn white after 24 days the priest shall call him clean

v. 7-8: The priest can declare him as leper when he sees the details of the infection.

v. 14: raw flesh is unclean

Specific directions to detect cleanness and uncleanness.

Contextual and situational case laws: this chapter might be a medical manual.

All cases of uncleanness result in isolation and the burning if the unclean garments.

Luke 17:12ff: obedience of the law of Moses

Chapter 14

Laws for the cleansing of the lepers

-IS brought to the priest and declared clean. After that there shall be sacrifices.

He can have fellowship after he is declared clean and washed.

At the eight day is time to celebrate and offering sacrifices to God. Again the number seven is
present in the rituals of cleansing.
Again the laws consider the economical capacities of the man.

When there is plague inside the house the priest should make a careful inspection.

If there is a dangerous plague the house should be destroyed.

Theological reasons for cleanness: the holiness of God can’t tolerate uncleanness

1 Pet 2:9: In principle there is a cleanness that should be in us: morally.

Chapter 15

Case laws about body fluids.

Running issue: unclean

Everything that is touched has become unclean.

Why the Bible is number one – Kenny Barfeld

Washing of hands and clothes – clean till the even.

The vessels he touched are to be broken.

v. 14: two sacrifices.

v. 16: Semen fluid is unclean. He should wash him and remains unclean till the evening.

Also when man have sex with a woman they’re unclean till the evening.

The menstruation is also considered unclean. If a man has sex with her during her period, he shall
remain unclean for seven days also.

These are not matters of sin and salvation: physical purity is important, but is more important
spiritual cleansed.

Summary

2-15: abnormal man discharge (6 scenarios): each case something has become unclean because of
this.

16ff: normal man discharges

19-24: normal female discharges (menstruation)

25-30: abnormal female discharges

Physical and spiritual holiness.

Chapter 16
Yom Kippur: the day of atonement.

Happens once a year

Manual for how to do the day of atonement.

First part: high priest (1-10)

Second part: the tabernacle (11-28)

Third part focuses on the Israelites (29-31)

Final (32-34)

No one allowed to enter the MH any time

Once a year enter with a young bullock

v. 4: Appropriate garments

v. 5:

v. 6: the young bullock is for himself.

v. 8: the goat that is sent away: Azazel.

The goat is sent away into the wilderness.

v. 12: incense for the Lord inside the veil.

A cloud that covers the glory of God, lest he died.

v. 14: takes the blood of the bullock and sprinkles on the altar: this is for himself

v. 15: the blood for the people.

The whole tabernacle is sanctified.

v. 21: iniquities, transgressions and sins (psalm 51): everyone have a special meaning.

These are confessed upon the goat: are transferred to the head of this goat: it is sent away into
the wilderness.

Sin must be cast out of the people of God.

Joshua 7: the sin prevented Israel to take another victory: sin was in the camp.

Zechariah 5:5-11: wickedness does not belong in the midst of God’s people

1 Cor 5:1ff
v. 25: The fat (the best part) belongs to the world.

v. 26: he who cast out the scapegoat needs to wash himself.

v. 27: the bullock for the sin offering should be completely burnt.

v. 29: specific day for this

v. 30: afflict your souls: repentance comes with sorrow, humbleness. The idea of guilt and pain,
recognizing the authority and power of God.

A forgiveness that is given only by God.

Hebrews 9:2; 10:1-4

Chapter 17

An addressing from God through Moses

Proper sacrifice.

v. 3: slaughter at the sanctuary.

v. 4: improper sacrifices have punishments: appropriate place for sactrifices.

v. 6: priests as mediators

v. 7: Sacrifices to idols.

v. 8: Even strangers in the land were obligated to follow the commandments of God.

v. 10-16: condemnation of eating blood: proper eating of the sacrifice

v. 11: “the life of the flesh is in the blood”: is what cleans or atone for their transgression.

v. 13: rules about the hunting of animals: drain the blood.

v. 16: remain unclean is to carry the iniquity.

Chapter 18

Prohibited sexual relations

v. 2, 30: “I am the Lord your God”: absolute authority.

v. 3: forget the past! (Egypt) Be careful of your future! (Canaan)

v. 4-5: The repetition of the ground of the commandments: the sovereignty of God. Is the best for
the people.
v. 6-23: series of laws forbidding certain sexual practices.

v. 6-18 prohibition of incest: all related people.

Absolute wickedness

v. 19: while a woman is on her period of uncleanness

v. 21: prohibition of Moloch worship. Jeremiah 7:31

v. 22: Prohibition of homosexuality.

v. 23: prohibition of bestiality.

v. 24: these things are normality in the lands they will possess.

v. 25: the land shall vomit those iniquities.

v. 28-30: even when people of God are immersed in these abominations they will suffer the same
fate.

Chapter 19

Holy living: what to do to be holy.

v. 2: ye shall be holy: the reason is to bear the image of the Holy God.

v. 3: respect to your parents.

v. 4: reject idolatry

v. 5: any sacrifice is a willing sacrifice.

Repetition on how to offer and eat the sacrifices.

v. 9-10: protection of the poor and strangers: nothing is completely ours. (Luke 12:14-21; James
1:17).

Laws of social justice (13ff)

v. 14: care for those who are unable to see or hear.

v. 15: Treat everyone as equal.

v. 16: against slander and death threats (1 Kings 21:1ff).

v.17: Against hypocrisy: instead go to him and talk directly to him.

v. 18: do not avenge: love thy neighbor as thy self. (Matthew 22:39)
v. 19: complete separation from other people: purity.

v. 20-21: this type of adultery: not death penalty.

Time clean prohibited fruits.

v. 26: condemnation of soothsaying.

v. 27-28: do not associate with pagan looks.

v. 29: against prostitution.

v. 30: the command of the Sabbath

v. 31: against witchcraft practice: consulting spirits and wizards to predict the future.

v. 32: respect to the elderly.

v. 33: do not oppress the stranger

v. 34: There’s no distinction between foreigners and citizens of Israel.

v. 36: Justice on the sales and business.

Chapter 20

Show the world that you have been set apart: sanctified life.

Chiasm.

The penalty for violating commandments of God

1st Death

2nd Cut off from among the people (17-19)

3rd Genealogical tree cut off (20-21)

v. 1-5: Moloch worship: punished by death

v. 4: If a man hides the sin will be cut off from among the people.

v. 6: penalty for witchcraft

v. 7: sanctification because God is Holy

v. 9: against cursing the parents.

Condemnation of sexual misconduct.

The repetition of Leviticus 18, adding the penalty for every immoral act.
v. 22-27: The command of make a difference between the nations around him. That’s the reason
why he gives them the land.

v. 26: a holy nation: possession of God.

Chapter 21

The way to sanctify the life of the priest: a special service to God: being holy and guide others to
holiness.

1-9: how to handle the mourning of the death of loved ones.

v. 5: Specifically concerning a pagan ritual

They can become unclean because their immediate family: the way to handle their mourning.

Avoid pagan ways in their conduct.

v. 7-8: He could marriage only pure women: the repetition

v. 9: The daughter of the priest can defile his father. Death penalty (Burned not necessarily alive).

Deut 21:18-20.

The conduct of the children is not necessarily the product of bad education.

*For priests of the NT we need to grasp the principles for holiness in our lives, not the actions
themselves.

v. 10-12: To the High Priest.

He couldn’t mourn the death of his family members. Depart from rituals of mourning.

v. 13: Can be married only to a virgin. (Ex 29:29-30)

16-24: priests and physical blemish.

Specific physical limitations that forbid him to offer sacrifices to God.

Looking beyond the priest to the Being that they represent: absolute perfection.

They can participate in the eating of the bread: holy and most holy.

God expects for his leaders to be at the top of excellence in out behavior: there are limitations on
all, but we can serve God with the all our capacities.

Chapter 22

How to handle holy things.

Instructions on how the holy elements of God should be properly handle: follow the laws of clean
and uncleanness.

v. 10-13: only priests shall eat the holy food.

A servant: he could eat of the holy food.

If the priest’s daughter marries a stranger, they can’t participate.

If the food is eaten by mistake (Lev 5:14-16) he should make restitution.

v. 17-33: acceptable offerings

case laws

Without blemish, the best for the Lord (Malachi 1:7-8).

17-25: proper sacrificial animals: burnt offerings (17-20) fellowship offerings (21-25)

For a free will offering the lamb or the bullock with superfluous lacking in his parts. But not to any
other kinds of offerings.

v. 26ff: sacrificial procedures.

26-28: laws of compassion for animals.

29ff: When to eat the sacrifice meal (Lev 7:15).

Chapter 23

Concerning the feasts of the Lord: holy convocations.

The Sabbath: ye shall do no work (Ex 34:21). Any kind of work is prohibited (Ex 16:23) (Ex 35:3)
(Number 15:32-36).

First half of the year (4-22)

1. Passover: fourteenth day of the first month at even (Ex 12:2ff) (Numbers 9:1ff) (v. 1-5)

10th day, the animal is taken

14th

In case of a man being uncleaned: he shall partake of the Passover the 14 of the second
month: The clean men will not participate of that second Passover.

2. Unleavened bread (v. 6-8).

Fifteenth of that month (Ex 23:14-17): no servile work allowed.

 Seven days eat unleavened bread:

Seventh day: Holy assembly and no servile work.

3. The feast of the first fruits

First day of the week

4. Feast of weeks (15-22): (Ex 23:16: the feast of harvest) (Acts 2:1: Pentecost).

1st day of the week: seven Sabbaths: 49 days.

Meat offering unto the Lord.

Burnt and sin offerings.

SECOND HALF OF THE YEAR (23-44)

Seventh month

5. Feast of trumpets (23-25): 1st day of the month. (Rosh Hoshannah)

Holy assembly, no servile work

Offering made of fire unto the lord

6. The day of Atonement (v. 26-32): Yom Kippur.

10th day of the same month.

Holy convocation: afflict your souls.

Not work at all

Coming humbly before God:

ninth day at even starts the Sabbath, until the next day at even.

7. The feast of Booths (v. 33-44): the feast of tabernacles: Sukkoth (Ex 23:16: feast of ingathering).

Fifteenth day

Holy convocation

Seven days: offering by fire: a burnt offering, and a meat offering, a sacrifice, and drink
offerings, every thing upon his day

take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the
boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your
God seven days. 
 Dwell in booths (tents): to remember the protection of the Lord in the wilderness. The
deliverance from bondage.

Nemiah 8:14ff

Chapter 24

Coming to the Lord in the right way

The lamps (1-4)

Correct preparations for the lamps for it to always be burning.

Purity.

Take the oil and keep the lamp burning: before the Pure God on the pure candlestick

The bread (5-9)

Fine flour

Twelve cakes

Pure table of the Lord

Memorial

Every Sabbath is to be changed

It is only for priests: (Ex 25:23-29)

John 1:6-7: Bear witness of the LIGHT! Christ!

John 8:12: The Light of the world

John 6:31-35

v. 10-16: A man blasphemed and the Moses asked directions from God. He was stoned.

Blasphemy is punished by death.

v. 17-23: Laws of retribution: des

-Killing a man is punished by death but killing an animal is punished by the retribution of that
animal: The value of human life.

-An eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth.

v. 23: these were laws that appear because of the narrative.

Gen 9:6 – Ex21:12

The law is designed to prevent a man from going too far when he is wronged

Jesus says in the Sermon of the Mount that they were using this law as an excuse to get vengeance
by their own hands. As Christians we are commanded to give and extra step beyond vengeance:
we can stop the chain of suffering because of sin.

*Lex talionis:

Chapter 25

The Sabbath year (v. 1-7)

6 years of work and one year of rest for the land.

Probably as a way to keep the land fertile and fruitful: a special relation between the people and
the land.

v. 6 those fruits that the land produces on its own are food for the people-.

The year of Jubilee (v. 8-17).

A jubilee year:

7 sabbath years: a year of great joy.

If you are a servant, you would become free this year.

v. 18-23: The promise to the people: to those who were dependent on the soil was a fearful thing
not to produce one year. God will not forsake them; the abundance will carry them through the
Sabbath year.

v. 23: the land shall not be sold forever

“The land is mine”

v. 25ff: the redeeming of the land.

Conditions for redeeming properties:

-The lands in wall cities

-The lands of the Levites

v. Laws about slavery 35-46

A command to take care of poor people: is commanded by the authority of God.

Commandment against the usury.

Hired servants were free at the year of jubilee (v. 40-41).

Prohibition of slavery between Israelites but allowed for people from other nations.

Hired servants are to be treated with kindness.

v. 47-55: being a servant for a foreigner in the land.

Chapter 26

v. 1-13: positive and negative commands.

Laws against idolatry and religious observance.

Promise of prosperity and safety if they abide in the law: a continual process of God giving
abundance (v. 5).

The general principles of God have not change, even if the specific laws have.

v. 6: peace in the land

Everything is conditional to obedience.

They would be victories in battles as well.

Deut 32:30

v. 11-12: blessings of spiritual nature: the very presence of God shall be with them.

v. 14ff: punishments for disobedience:

2 Chron 26:16

v. 40: restoration is possible on the basis of repentance.

v. 42: God remembers the covenant.

Chapter 27

Laws about the vows and redemption of the possessions

Estimation of the people

Beast

Lands