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Technical Specification For Sub-Station Lightning Protection and Sub-Station Earthing

This technical specification outlines the requirements for lightning protection and earthing systems for substations. It covers the scope of lightning protection using shield wires or earth masts, as well as the design, supply, installation, testing and commissioning of substation earthing grids. The earthing grid design must comply with specified standards and achieve a maximum earth resistance of 0.5 ohms. It also provides the design criteria and parameters to be used, including fault current, duration, soil resistivity, and materials.

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galadrial
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122 views

Technical Specification For Sub-Station Lightning Protection and Sub-Station Earthing

This technical specification outlines the requirements for lightning protection and earthing systems for substations. It covers the scope of lightning protection using shield wires or earth masts, as well as the design, supply, installation, testing and commissioning of substation earthing grids. The earthing grid design must comply with specified standards and achieve a maximum earth resistance of 0.5 ohms. It also provides the design criteria and parameters to be used, including fault current, duration, soil resistivity, and materials.

Uploaded by

galadrial
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION FOR SUB-STATION LIGHTNING

PROTECTION AND SUB-STATION EARTHING

1. SCOPE :

LIGHTNING PROTECTION:-

i) Lightning protection shall be adopted based on the method using shielding wire
and/or Earth mast. All necessary arrangements for achieving Lightning protection
of the entire switchyard and control room building are under the scope of this
tender shall be within the scope of the successful bidder. Supply of Earth mast,
shield wire, clamps etc along with erection, stringing and termination of shield wire
etc shall be within the scope of the Contractor.
ii) Indicating light with all control and accessories for aviation if required shall also be
provided. Erection of aviation light and related control and accessories shall also be
within the scope of contractor if the same is required.

SUB-STATION EARTHING :-
This specification covers, design, engineering of sub-station earthing grid and supply,
delivery, installation, testing and commissioning of the same.

2. STANDARD :

The earthing grid for new sub-stations shall be designed in terms of IS:3043 and IEEE
Standard Documents Number 80-1986 or Latest version. However Earth mat design
based on uniform spacing method is to be submitted for approval for all sub-stations
Under any circumstances earth mat design based on any other alternative method other
than uniform spacing shall not be accepted.

3. DEVIATION :

Normally the offer should be as per Technical Specification without deviation. Any
deviation felt necessary to improve performance efficiency and utility of equipment must
be mentioned in the ‘Deviation Schedule’ with reasons duly supported by documentary
evidences and advantages of such deviation. Such deviation suggested may or may not
be accepted. But deviations not mentioned in Deviation Schedule will not be considered.

4. DESIGN CRITERIA :

i) The earthing system of sub-station shall be designed to ensure equipment safety,


personnel safety and should facilitate proper operation of protection system during
earth fault in the system due to stipulated fault current for specified duration.
ii) Soil resistivity of each sub-station shall have to be measured by the successful
bidder after completion of compacted earth filling of the switchyard. Contractor
shall submit earth mat design calculation for each sub-station based on those soil
resistivity values if the same is 30 -mtr or above and laying of earth mat is to be

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taken up based on approved earth mat design and approved earth mat layout
drawing. However, in case submitted soil resistivity value to the successful bidder
by DPL is less than 30-mtr then successful bidder has to submit design of
earthmat of those sub-station considering the soil resistivity value as measured.
However, for the purpose of tendering soil resistivity can be considered as
30 -mtr.
If the measured and submitted soil resistivity value exceeds 40 -mtr, then design
length of earth mat so obtained will be compared with the length of earth mat so
obtained by considering soil resistivity value as 30 -mtr. Extra length of earth mat
so arrived will be paid to the contractor on pro-rata basis.
iii) Design shall ensure that potential gradient along the surface during short circuit is
limited to a value considered safe for human being. The protection gradient to be
achieved shall be less than the safe touch and step voltage. The size of the buried
mild steel ground earthing conductor shall be chosen taken into account corrosion
effect over a period of 30 years.
iv) The design shall ensure that the neutral to ground resistance shall not be more than
0.5 .
v) In case of all new 33KV sub-station, earth mat design is to be submitted without
considering gravel resistivity, as because normally gravel spreading is not required.
However in order to achieve safe step and touch potential, if gravel spreading of
100 mm. is necessary the same is to be done over the entire switchyard area of
33/11 KV Substation by the contractor. In that case chemical deweeding for the
entire switchyard area to be constructed by the contractor. If in any new 33/11 KV
Substation gravel spreading is done then safe step and touch potential is to be
achieved considering gravel resistivity. For 33 KV sub-station, rate for both supply
and erection of gravel per cubic-meter basis are to be furnished. However, if there
is gravel spreading in any existing 33 KV switchyard, gravel spreading of existing
thickness for the entire switchyard portion under this contract shall be within the
scope of supply and spreading by the contractor. Work for earth pit, riser,
connector etc both supply & erection point of view shall be within the scope of
successful new 33 /11 KV sub-stations.
Requirement of above is to be assessed through site visit prior to submission of bid.
The following particulars shall be taken into account for calculation and design of
earth mat for new sub-stations.

Sl. Description 33KV


No.
(i) Fault Current (KA) 26.3
(ii) Fault duration (second) (for conductor
1.0
sizing calculation of main earthgrid)
(iii) Fault duration (second) (for calculation
of attainable and tolerable step and 1.0
touch potential)
(iv) Gravel resistivity 2500 -mtr
(v) Earthmat conductor material MS rod

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(vi) Riser material GI flat
40 mm. dia 3 meter long
(vii) Earth Electrode galvanised
iron pipe
(viii) Depth of burial 600 mm. to 1000 mm.
(ix) Soil resistivity (for tendering purpose 30 -mtr
only)
(x) Current Diversity factor 1.0

For existing sub-stations contractor need not submit earth mat design calculation.
Contractor shall connect extended portion of earth mat with existing earth mat if
required.

5. INSTALLATION :

(i) The grounding grid shall be constructed by use of corrosion resistant mild steel rod.
(ii) For earth electrode, galvanised iron pipe of dia 40 mm. and length 3 m or more.
shall be used.
(iii) All non-current carrying steel/metal parts in the switchyard shall be connected to
the grounding grid including equipments except lightning arrestors, power
transformers, CVT/PT etc which shall be earthed directly through earth electrode.
This electrode shall in turn be connected to earthing grid through galvanised bolts
and nut. Each earthing lead from the neutral of the transformer shall be directly
connected to two galvanised pipe electrode treated earth pit which in turn shall be
connected to station earth grid. Contractor shall submit detail equipment earthing
drawing of all equipment along with detail pipe electrode drawing to be used in
conjunction with treated pit with test link, treated pit without test link and non-
treated pit and structure earthing drawings for approval of DPL.
(iv) All points in steel earthing system shall be made by welding except the points with
bolted connection which should be provided for separating the earthing grid for
testing purpose. The point for testing purpose should be so placed that the earth
grid can be frequently supervised.
(v) For rust protection, the welded surface shall be treated with Barium Chromate
Welded surface shall be painted with red lead and bitumen. All exposed steel
conductors shall be protected with bitumen paint. Riser (M.S. Flat) above ground
shall be painted with Zinc rich paint above anti oxide primer.
(vi) Earth pit of earth electrode shall be at least 450x300 mm. in size and 300 mm.
deep. The earth pit shall be constructed with RCC (M-20) in surrounding wall and
floor (minimum wall thickness 125 mm. and floor thickness 100 mm.) with a
removable cover slab of 75 mm. thick with RCC (M-20) (0.8% reinforcement by
volume of concrete). Cover slab shall be plastered with cement mortar (1:4) on all
sides.
(vii) To provide testing facility with Clip-on type earth resistance measuring meter one
test link with ACSR panther conductor having compression type joint with socket
of total length of about 300 mm. (combined) shall be incorporated between earth
pit and transformer, CVT/PT/LA etc. neutral connection as well as between earth
pit and earth mat connection. The socket shall be connected with the flat through
bimetallic strip. Two earth pits shall be provided for transformer neutral to be
connected through two nos. flat. One flat shall be directly connected to one earth

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electrode through welding and the other flat shall be connected with other earth pit
through a testing link.

6. TENDER DRAWINGS AND DESIGN CALCULATIONS :

The contractor shall submit a preliminary design of sub-station lightning protection and
typical earthing mat design and earthing mat layout drawing showing connections with
different structures/equipment including earth pit drawing with each copy of tender to
facilitate evaluation of bid.

7. CONTRACT DRAWINGS AND DESIGN CALCULATIONS :

After placement of Letter of Award (LOA) the contractor shall furnish 6(six) copies of
design calculations of lightning protection and earthing mat and earth mat layout
drawings sub-station-wise showing connection of different equipment/structures to
earthing pit as well as to earthing mat .
6(six) copies of approved design calculation and drawing for each sub-station shall be
submitted for our record and distribution to site.

8. TEST :

All tests as required for successful commissioning of the system shall be carried out by
the contractor at site.

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