BEAM @SECOND FLOOR B2-2

Internal Moment
TRANSVERSE
Mu = 0.90(400)(4402)(Rn)
Span = 2m
Mu = 0.90(400)(4402)(2.91)/10002
Design Constants :
Mu = 202.82 kN.m < 293.38 kN.m
fc'(MPa) fy(MPa) Pro.Cover(mm)
 PROVIDE COMPRESSION BARS
20.7 276 60
Concrete-Steel Couple

Assume Beam Dimension : 400 mm x 500 mm Assume ρ1 = 0.50ρmax

External Moment: 0.3643 fc ' β

ρmax =
276 Mpa
 Mu @SUPPORT = 293.06 kN.m
 Mu @MIDSPAN=208.72 kN.m 0.3643(20.7)(0.85)
ρmax =
Internal Moment: 276 Mpa

Mu = 0.90 (b)(d2)(Rn) ρmax = 0.0232

Rn = fc'(ω)(1-0.59(ω)) ρ1 = 0.50ρmax

Checking ρmax ρ1 = 0.50(0.0232)

0.3643 ( fc ' ) (β ) ρ1 = 0.0116

ρmax =
fy
As1 = ρ1bd
β = 0.85 since fc'< 28 MPa
As1 = (0.0116)(400)(440)
0.3643 (20.7 ) (0.85)
ρmax = As1 = 2,041.60 mm2
276
ρmax = 0.0232 Asfy
a=
0.85 fc ' b
1.4
Checking ρmin but not less than =0.0051
fy ( 2041.60 ) (276)
a=
√ fc ' 20.7 0.85 ( 20.7 ) (400)
ρmin = = = 0.0041
4 fy 4 (276) a = 80.06 mm2
 Use ρ = 0.50ρmax = 0.50 (0.0232)=0.0116
a
M1 = Ø[Asfy(d - )]
fy ( 0.0116 ) ( 276) 2
ω=ρ = = 0.1547
fc ' 20.7
Assume steel yields Ø=0.90
Rn = (20.7)(0.1547)(1-0.59(0.1547))

Rn = 2.91
 80.06  Assumption is not correct that
0.90[2041.60(276)(440− )]
M1 = 2 compression steel yields
(1000)2
As2 = As'
M1 =202.84 kN.m
M2 = Ø[Asfy(d - d' )]

90.22 kN.m (1000)2 = 0.90 As(276)(440-60)

STEEL-STEEL COUPLE
As'= 959.20 mm2
Mu = M1 + M2
Compression Bar
M2 = Mu - M1
As'= 959.20 mm2
M2 = 293.06 kN.m - 202.84 kN.m
Tension Bar
M2 = 90.22 kN.m
As = As1 + As2
0.85 fc' β d ' 600
ρ-ρ' ¿
¿ dfy (
600+ fy ) As = 2,041.60 mm2 + 959.20 mm2

As = 3,000.80 mm2
Steel-Steel Couple
REINFORCEMENT
∑ Fh=0
Tension Bar
'
C = T2
As = 3,000.80 mm2
As'fy = As2fy'
Try 28 mm φ bar
Assume steel yield As
n=
As' = As Area of 1 rebar

As = As1 + As2 3,000.80mm 2

¿ 2
n π (28) = 4.87say 6 pcs
As
ρ( ¿ = ρ1bd + ρ'bd 4
bd
ρ = ρ1 +ρ'
π (28)2
As = x 6 = 3,694.52 mm2
4
ρ1 = ρ- ρ'
 Checking for spacing of Tension Bars
ρ1 =0.0093
400 mm = 4(s)+5(28)+100mm
0.85 ( 20.7 ) ( 0.85 ) (60) 600
0.0116 ¿
¿ 440(276) ( 600−276 ) s = 43.75 mm > 1.5 bar Ø

43.75 mm > 42.00 mm

0.0116 < 0.0136
 ok

Compression Bar
Try 28 mm φ bar fy = 276 MPa

As' = 959.20 mm2 Assume all steel yields:

As As2 = A's = 1,231.51 mm2

n=
Area of 1 rebar
As1 = As - As2 = 2,463.01 mm2
959.20 mm 2
¿ 2 Cc = T1
n π (28) = 1.56 say 2 pcs
4 0.85f'cab = As1fy
π (28)2 0.85(20.7)a(400)= 2,463.01(276)
As' = x 2 = 1,231.51 mm2
4
a = 96.59 mm

a = β1c
β1 = 0.85
96.59 mm = (0.85)c
Tension Steel
c = 113.64 mm
 As = 3,694.52 mm2
600(c−d ')
Compression Steel f ' s=
c
 A's = 1,231.51 mm2 600(113.64−60)
f ' s=
60
400mm
f ' s=536.40 Mpa

 Yielded
500mm

600(d−c)
f ' s=
c

600(398−113.64 )
f ' s=
113.64

f ' s=1,501.37 MPa

d' = 60 mm
 There are two layers of tension bars
Effective Depth (to centroid of tension bars) which obviously yield. Thus, their
stresses are both set equal to fy and their
d = 500mm-60mm-28mm-0.5(28mm)
Centre of Gravity is located at their
d = 398 mm geometric centroid.

Mu =293.06 kN.m T = Cc + C's

f'c = 20.70 MPa Mn = Cc(d-a/2) + C's(d-d')

Mn = 0.85fc'ab(d-a/2)+A'sfs(d-d') 2,099.68mm 2
As ¿
n= π (28)2 = 3.41 say
96.59 Area of 1 rebar
Mn = 0.85(20.7)(96.59)(400)(398- )+ 4
2 4 pcs
1,231.51(276)(398-60)
Assume steel yields
Mn = 352.61 kN.m
π (28)2
Mu = Ø Mn As = x 4 = 2,463.01 mm2
4
Mu = ( 0.90 ) (352.61 kN . m) Asfy ( 2,463.01 ) (276)
a= ' =
β ( f c ) (b) ( 0.85 ) (20.7 ) (400)
Mu = 317.35 kN.m > 293.06 kN.m
a = 96.59 mm
BOTTOM BARS @ MIDSPAN
a = βc
Mu = 208.72 kN.m
96.59 mm = (0.85)(c)
Mu = 0.90 (b)(d2)(Rn)
c = 113.64 mm
208.72 (10002) = 0.90(400)(4402)(Rn)
276
Rn = 2.99 Ɛy = = 0.00138
200000
2.99 = 20.7 (ω)(1-0.59(ω))
Ɛt 0.003
=
ω = 0.159 d−c c
fy Ɛt 0.003
ω=ρ =
fc ' 440 mm−113.64 mm 113.64 mm
276 Ɛ t = 0.00862
0.159 = ρ = 0.01193
20.7
Ɛ t = 0.00862 > Ɛ y
 0.01193 > 0.00507
NOMINAL MOMENTS
Use ρ = 0.01193
CONCRETE
As
ρ= a
bd Mn = (0.85)(fc')(a)(b)(d- )
2
As
0.0 1193= 96.59
( 400 ) (440) Mn = (0.85)(20.7)(96.59)(400)(440- )
2
As = (0.00969)(350)(390)
Mn =
As = 2,099.68 mm2 96.59
(0.85)(20.7)(96.59)( 400)(440− )
2
Try 28 mm φ bar ¿¿
Mn = 266.28 kN.m
STEEL Check if Vu >< ∅ Vc

a 225.88 kN > 102.10 kN

Mn = (As)(fy)(d- )
2
 PROVIDE STIRRUPS
96.59
Mn = (2463.01)(276)(440- ) Vs = Vn -Vc
2
Vu
96.59 Vn =
Mn =
(2463.01)(276)(440− ) ∅
2
¿¿ Vu
Vs = - Vc
Mn = 266.28 kN.m ∅

ULTIMATE MOMENT: 225.88 kN

Vs = - 102.10 kN
0.75
Assumption is correct that steel will yield
Vs = 199.08 kN
Ø = 0.90
Is Vs >/< 0.66√ fc ' γ bwd
Mu = 0.90 Mn
0.66 √ 20.7 (1)( 400)(440)
Mu = 0.90(266.28) 0.66√ fc ' γ bw d= =
1000
Mu = 239.65 kN.m 528.50 kN

MaxinternalMoment>Maxexternalmoment Vs < 528.50 kN

239.65 kN.m > 208.72 kN.m  THEORITICAL SPACING OF

STIRUPS
 Therefore the design is safe
π ( 10 )2
S=
Avfyd
Vs
= 4 ( )
x 2 ( 276 ) (440)
= 95.82

DESIGNING OF STIRUPS 199.08 x 1000

mm
Using 10 mm φ bar
Max reaction at support @ a distance d from the
support

Vu = 254.29 kN - 64.59 kN(.440) Checking for Max. Spacing of Stirups

Vu = 225.88 kN Vs <0.33 √ fc ' γ bwd
Vc = 0.17√ fc ' γ bwd 0.33 √ 20.7(1)(400)(440)
0.33 √ fc ' γ bw d= =
1000
0.17 √ 20.7 (1)(400)(440) 264.25 kN
Vc =
1000
Vs < 264.25 kN
Vc =136.13 kN
d 440
∅=0.75 ∅ Vc=0.75(136.13) = 102.10 kN Maxspacing = = = 220 mm
2 2
 Use 10mm φ bar stirrups @ 100 mm O.C