Project MIMs

Grade 12 – Practical Research 2

G12 MIMs LC 2
IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

Learning Competency:
• illustrates the importance of quantitative research across fields

Objectives:
• enumerate different fields which use quantitative research;
• cite the importance of quantitative research across fields

REMEMBER:

IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

People do research to find solutions, even tentative ones, to problems, in order to

improve or enhance ways of doing things, to disprove or provide a new hypothesis, or simply
to find answers to questions or solutions to problems in daily life. Research findings can
affect people’s lives, ways of doing things, laws, rules, and regulations, as well as policies,
among others. Widely, quantitative research is often used because of its emphasis on proof
rather than discovery.

In recent times, research studies are gaining an unprecedented focus and attention.
Then, only the faculty in higher education has so much interest and conduct researchers,
but now even the teachers in the basic education are engrossed in researches and devote
time and effort in conducting researches to improve educational practices that may lead to
more quality learning of the students. Many teachers do action research because there is a
serious need to identify the problems of the deteriorating quality of education. By doing so,
they can address systematically and make educational decisions regarding the
problems met. Innovative teaching strategies are product of research.

In the natural and social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic, empirical
investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or computational
techniques. The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ
mathematical models, theories and/ or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena. The
process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it provides the
fundamental connection between empirical observation and mathematical expression
of quantitative relationships.

Health Sciences (Medical Technology, Dentistry, Nursing, Medicine, etc.) use

quantitative research designs like descriptive, pre-experimental, quasi-experimental, true-
experiment, case study, among others.

ENLIGHTEN:

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS and MANAGEMENT (ABM)

Research can help design a new product or service, figuring out what is needed
and ensure the development of product is highly targeted towards demand. Businessmen
can also utilize research results to guarantee sufficient distribution of their products
and decide where they need to increase their product distribution. Conducting
research can also help a business determine whether now is the proper time to open
another branch or whether it needs to apply for a new loan. It may also help a small
business decide if a procedure or strategy should be changed to meet the requirements of
the customer base. Research is important for any organization to remain in the
market. The primary function of research in ABM is to correctly determine its customers
and their preferences, establish the enterprise in the most feasible location, deliver quality
goods and services, analyze what the competitors are doing and find ways on how to
continuously satisfy the growing and varied needs of the clients.
ANTHROPOLOGY

Anthropology is a research method of combining qualitative and quantitative

research data. It is concerned with exploring connections simultaneously, amidst cultural
differences, alternatives and identity. In the contemporary academic, socio-cultural, and
political climate these concepts have immense symbolic overtones.

Quantitative research is use in Anthropology in many aspects. Like, true

experiments may use in studying people provided that you follow certain steps (Bernard,
2004). This is to look into the Effects of an intervention in ethnic behavior of a group. In
here, you need at least two groups, called the treatment group and the control group. On
group gets the intervention and the other group do not. Next, individuals may be randomly
assigned, either to the intervention group or to the control group to ensure that the groups
are equivalent. Then, the groups are measured on one or more dependent variables; this
is called the pre-test. After which, the intervention is introduced. Lastly, the dependent
variables are measured again. This is the post test.

True in experiments with people in laboratory are also common. Laboratory

experiments often produce results that beg to be tested in the natural world by
Anthropologists. Aaron and Mills (1959, as cited by Bernard, 2004) demonstrated in a lab
experiment that people who go through severe initiation to a group tend to be more positive
toward the group than are people who go through a mild initiation. They reasoned that
people who go through tough initiation rites put a lot of personal investments into getting
into the group. Later, if people see evidence that the group is not what they thought it would
be, they are reluctant to admit the fact because of the investments.

In Field, Janet Schofield and her colleagues did a 3-year ethnographic study
in middle school. During the first year, they noticed that African American and while
children seemed to react differently to “mildly aggressive acts’ – things like bumping in the
hallway, poking one another in the classroom, asking for food or using another student’s
pencil without permission. There appeared to be no event of racial conflict in the school,
but during interviews while students were more likely to report being intimidated by their
African-American peers than vice versa (Sagar & Schofield, 1980, as cited by Bernard,
2004).

COMMUNICATION

Researchers are often interested in how an understanding of a particular

communication phenomenon might generalize to a larger population. For example,
researchers can advance questions like “What Effect do punitive behavioral control
statements have on a classroom? What communicative behaviors are associated with
different stages in romantic relationships? What communicative behaviors are used to
respond to co-workers displaying emotional stress? (Allen, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009).

SPORTS MEDICINE

Quantitative research is used to analyze how sports may be used as an

alternative way of medicating an illness. An example is the research done by University of
Eastern Finland which investigated the relationship between mushrooming of fast food
chains and obesity, as well as the intervention needed to prevent children’s obesity from
reaching serious proportions. The research focused on the children’s physical activity and
physical inactivity and the concomitant impact on the children’s amount of adipose tissue
(fat mass) and the endurance fitness. The study is used to analyze certain the effect of
physical activity in weight control.

MEDICAL EDUCATION

Quantitative research in medical education tends to be predominantly

observational research based on surveys or correlational studies. The designs test
interventions like curriculum, teaching-learning process, or assessment with an experimental
group. Either a comparison or controlled group learners may allow researchers to
overcome validity concerns and infer potential cause-effect generalizations. Researchers
are using to cope with the emerging trends in recent times.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Relationship questions in today’s quantitative trend tend to explore how one behavior
exhibited by people is related to other types of behavior. Examples are verbally aggressive
behaviors related to physical aggression – that is, when a person has a level of verbally
aggressive behavior, does he or she tend to be physically aggressive? Are certain supervisor
communication skills related to the emotional experiences of employees?

Questions of difference explore how patterns of behavior or perceptions might differ

from one group or type of a person to another: Do people with disabilities experience
emotional labor differently from those without disabilities? Do women perceive talkativeness
(or lack of it) differently form men? Do communication styles differ from one culture to the
next? (Alle, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009).

When quantitative researchers explore questions of differences or questions of

relationships, they do so in an attempt to uncover certain patterns of behavior. If the
researcher discovers that a certain relationship exists in sample that she or he has drawn
form the population, she/he is then in a position to draw generalizations about patterns
expected of human behavior.

EDUCATION

Quasi Experiments are most often used in evaluating social problems. Suppose a
researcher has invented a technique for improving reading comprehension among third
graders. She/he selects two third grade classes in a school district. One of them gets the
intervention and the other doesn’t. Students are measured before and after the intervention
to see whether their reading scores improve. This design contains many of the elements of
true experiment, but the participants are not assigned randomly to the treatment and control
groups.

PSYCHOLOGY

Mertens (2005) says that the dominant paradigms that guided early psychological
research were positivism and its successor, post positivism. Positivism is based on
rationalistic, empiricist philosophy that originated with Aristotle, Francis Bacon, John Locke,
August Comte, and Immanuel Kant. the underlying assumptions of positivism include the
belief that the social world can be studied in the same way as the natural world, that there is
a method for studying the social world that is value-free, and that explanations of a causal
nature can be provided.

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, and MATHEMATICS (STEM)

Medical practitioners, for example, conduct research to obtain significant information

about diseases trends and risk factors, results of various health interventions, patterns of
care and health care cost and use. The different approaches to research provide
complementary insights. Researchers help in determining the effectiveness and even side
effect of drugs and therapies in different populations and various institutions. It is also
necessary in evaluating experiences in clinical practice in order to develop mechanisms for
best practices and to ensure high quality patient care. Researchers in these fields
ultimately aim for man’s longevity.

As for engineers, architects, and other builders, research helps in providing designs
which are creatively beautiful and at the same time give more convenience and efficiency
as they utilize modern technology to adapt to the ever-changing society. New materials and
procedures may be developed so as to further strengthen the structural materials than can
withstand various calamities and disasters.
 LET’S TRY:

A. Essay

Instructions: Answer the following as comprehensive as possible. Write your answer on

the space provided in each number.

1. How important is quantitative research across fields? Give at least five (5) fields
of endeavor not cited in this module and explain its connection to quantitative
research.
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 REINFORCEMENT:

A. Matching Type

Instructions: Match item in COLUMN A with those of COLUMN B by placing the letter of
the correct answers in the space provided in each number. Identify the field/
discipline in which the given research title is related to.

Answers Column A Column B

1. Relationship of Physical Activity to the Amount
of Adipose Tissue and Endurance Fitness of A. QUANTI & ANTHROPOLOGY
Children Aged 8 – 18 in Hulong Duhat, Malabon
2. Ethnographic Study: Changes of Aeta B. QUANTI & COMMUNICATION
Behaviors in past 5 years
3. Communicative Behaviors Associated in
C. QUANTI & SPORTS MED.
Different Stages of a Romantic Relationship
4. Video Integration in Teaching Mathematics in
Grade 11 of Malabon National High School D. QUANTI & MEDICAL ED.
5. Factors Affecting Crime Rates in Dampalit,
Malabon City E. QUANTI & BEHAVIORAL SCI.
6. Relationship of Verbally Aggressive Behavior to
the Physical Aggression of a Person F. QUANTI & EDUCATION
7. Factors Affecting Quality of Medical Education
in the University of the Philippines - Manila
G. QUANTI & PSYCHOLOGY
8. Effect of Tourism to the Cultural System of
People in Malabon City
9. The Relationship between the Mushrooming of H. QUANTI & ABM
Fast Food Chains and Obesity of Children in
Metro Manila, Philippines I. QUANTI & STEM
10. Effects of Punitive Behavioral Control to
Senior High School Students of Malabon National
High School

B. Essay

Instructions: Answer the following as comprehensive as possible. Write your answer on

the space provided in each number.

1. How is quantitative research related or important to different fields/ disciplines?

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2. Choose two disciplines enumerated above (in column B) and explain how
quantitative research was connected to the chosen fields/ disciplines.
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 Challenge!

Complete the concept map presented below. Using the figure, present the
importance of quantitative research across fields/ disciplines.

Prepared by:

MR. JESTER G. DE LEON

Master Teacher I, MNHS – SHS