International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing Science.

ISSN 2249-3115 Volume 8, Number 1 (2018) pp. 33-42

© Research India Publications
http://www.ripublication.com

Industrial Appliances Control Using Android Mobile

& Bluetooth Technology

Deepashri K M1, Sachidanand P B2, Latha.H.S2

1
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering,
BIET, Davangere, Karnataka
2
Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, BIET, Davangere,
Karnataka
*E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract— as the world is becoming more technologically advanced, industrial

automation becoming more popular. Android is open source software, manufacturers
can modify the operating system for a particular application. This becomes a cheap
and feasible alternative for the manufacturer, as hiring a software company to do it.
The Android platform supports the Bluetooth network stack, which allows a device to
wirelessly exchange data with other Bluetooth devices. The application framework
provides access to the Bluetooth functionality through the Android Bluetooth. This
paper is mainly focused on the implementation of a prototype system for industrial
appliances control like the speed of DC motor, heating coil and light intensity using
Android mobile & Bluetooth technology
Keywords: PIC microcontroller, Bluetooth module, DC motor, Hall Effect sensor,
temperature sensor, LDR, Android mobile phone

I. INTRODUCTION
This project is a combination of embedded system and Android mobile technology.
Bluetooth modules are more reliable, secure and low power modules and these
modules do not require line of sight also. This can use mobile Bluetooth by
developing some applications or we can use normal USB Bluetooth dongles by
connecting to PC. A Bluetooth application should be installed on android mobile
handset to control various industrial appliances. User can send commands using that
application. The Bluetooth device connected to the circuit sends code for respective
command sent by user.
Now a day, smart phones are becoming more powerful with reinforced processors,
larger storage capabilities, richer entertainment functions and more communication
methods. Bluetooth, which is mainly used for data exchange, add new features to
34 Deepashri K M

smart phones. Bluetooth Technology, created by telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994,

shows its advantage by integrating with smart phones. It has changed how people use
digital devices at home or office, and has transferred traditional wired digital devices
into wireless devices. A host Bluetooth device is capable of communicating with up to
seven Bluetooth modules at the same time through one link.
Bluetooth technology and other similar techniques, the concept of Small scale
industry automation has offered better opportunity in convenience, comfort and
security which include centralized control of lighting, heating and control the speed of
DC motor. With dramatic increase in Smartphone users, Smartphone have gradually
turned into an all-purpose portable device and provided people for their daily use. In
recent years, an open-source platform Android has been widely used in Smartphone.
Android has a complete software package consisting of an operating system,
middleware layer, and core applications

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Khairnar et. al [1] developed the hardware and software for controlling speed of
induction motor. Here wireless operating is preferable for controlling speed of
induction motor using Bluetooth and android application. The system is integrated
with Android mobile technology and embedded system. Android mobile user has to
install an application on his/her mobile handset to control the devices.Juned and
Unnikrishnan [2] designed a Bluetooth Based Remote Monitoring & Control System
using the Microcontroller (ATmega16) as an embedded target and Bluetooth device.
The Bluetooth is connected to the controller along with different sensors to measure
different real time parameters such as temperature, pressure & humidity; it also
controls the temperature of a process.Belgi et al [3] illustrated the home appliances
Control System accessed by a mobile phone to allow the user to control, monitor and
coordinate the appliances. The system is capable to control fan speed and light
intensity.

III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

1. To control the speed and direction of DC motor using wireless Bluetooth
Technology
2. To control temperature.
3. Along with control of light intensity, it also gives feedback for temperature
rise.
Industrial Appliances Control Using Android Mobile & Bluetooth Technology
35
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Fig.1: Block diagram of industrial appliances control system using Android Mobile &
Bluetooth Technology

In the proposed system we are measuring and controlling the appliances like heating
coil and its temperature, light intensity control and its measurement in Lux, DC motor
direction, control and measurement of speed. So in order to control these parameters
the temperature sensor, LDR for intensity measurement and hall effect sensor for
motor speed measurement are interfaced to the PIC microcontroller and the
controlling of heating coil, light intensity variation and dc motor are also interfaced.
To control these appliances embedded system is interfaced with Bluetooth
technology. Operator is controlling these appliances by the Smartphone which is
paired with system Bluetooth device. In order to operate, operator has to install an
application from which commands for the controlling has to be sent. When commands
are transmitted from the operator the Bluetooth device in the system receives those
commands and send those to the PIC microcontroller through RS 232 communication
channel, then the microcontroller will take the responsibility of controlling particular
appliances according to the respective commands sent by the operator. For measuring
36 Deepashri K M

the parameters microcontroller receives data from the sensors then manipulate it into a
respective data unit and sends them to the Bluetooth device for transmitting to the
operator and also display it on the LCD display.
LDR Sensor
A light dependent resistor (LDR) or a photo resistor is a device whose resistivity is a
function of the incident electromagnetic radiation. Hence, they are light sensitive
devices. They are also called as photo conductors, photo conductive cells or simply
photocells.
In the system, LDR is used for the measurement of light intensity in terms of lux and
also for light intensity control. For the measurement of lux with a LDR the resistance
output is converted into voltage with an appropriate signal conditioning circuit. The
microcontroller will convert voltage into lux.
Temperature sensor
To measure the temperature of a heating coil LM35 temperature sensor is used whose
output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature.

Fig 2: Basic centigrade temperature sensor

Thus theLM35 has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in °

Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from the output
to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require any external
calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±¼°C at room temperature
and ±¾°C over a full −55°C to +150°C temperature range.

Hall Effect sensor

Hall Effect sensor is basically a magnetic field sensor. This sensor is used for DC
motor speed measurement. A small magnet is placed in rotating shaft of the dc motor
when this magnetic field comes under the sensor, the sensor detects magnetic field
and it is converted in terms of rpm. To obtain an rpm value we need not wait for one
minute rather wait for 6sec and this will be converted and calculated for revolutions
per minute.

Fig.3: Picture of a Hall Effect sensor

Industrial Appliances Control Using Android Mobile & Bluetooth Technology
37
Relay driver
A relay is usually an electromechanical device that it is actuated by electrical current.
The current flowing in one circuit causes the opening or closing of another circuit.
Relay are like remote control switches and are used in many application because of
their relative simplicity, long life, and proven high reliability. Relays are used in a
wide variety of applications throughout the industry, such as in telephone exchanges,
digital computers and automation systems. Highly sophisticated relays are utilized to
protect electric power system against trouble and power blackouts as well as to
regulate and control the generation and distribution of power.
Heating Coil
A heating element coverts electricity into heat through the process of resistive or joule
heating. Electric current passing through the element encounter resistance, resulting in
heating of an element. This process is independent of the direction of current flow.
In industrial application there is requirement for maintaining the temperature. A
heating coil is used for maintaining the temperature. This heating coil is driven by the
electronic relay. This relay requires a +12V power supply. When relay is on the 230V
of supply will be connected to the heating coil and this raises the temperature.
H-Bridge
An H-Bridge is an electronic power circuit that allows motor speed and direction to be
controlled. The micro controller provides the instructions to the motors, but it cannot
provide the power required to drive the motors. An H-bridge circuit inputs the micro
controller instructions and amplifies them to drive a mechanical motor. The H-bridge
takes in the small electrical signal and translates it into high power output for the
mechanical motor.

Fig.4: H-Bridge topology

38 Deepashri K M

PWM technique for Motor Speed Control

In this system the direction and speed of dc motor are controlled. To control the speed
PWM technique is used. Here for one click command we increase the 25 PWM
signals and decrease the 25 PWM signals respectively. The maximum of PWM
signals can be applied is 1000 PWM signals and can be decreased to zero.

Fig.6: Pulse width modulation waveform used for motor control

DC motor
Almost every mechanical movement that we see around us is accomplished by an
electric motor. Electric machines are a means of converting energy. Motors take
electrical energy and produce mechanical energy. Electric motors are used to power
hundreds of devices. Examples of small motor applications include motors used in
automobiles, robots, hand power tools and food blenders. In most cases, regardless of
type, electric motors consist of a stator (stationary field) and a rotor (the rotating field
or armature) and operate through the interaction of magnetic flux and electric current
to produce rotational speed and torque.
Microcontroller
Microcontroller is the main component in this project which will control and
monitoring the all appliances with the commands of Bluetooth device. An algorithm
is written in this microcontroller to control the appliances. Particularly this
microcontroller is chosen because it has 8 ten bit ADC and PWM generator.
Programming is done in the microcontroller with the help of software PICKIT tool.
Microcontroller, which gives two great advantages:
The CPU only recognizes 35 simple instructions. Just to mention that in order to
program other microcontrollers in assembly language it is necessary to know more
than 200 instructions by heart.
Industrial Appliances Control Using Android Mobile & Bluetooth Technology
39
The execution time is the same for almost all instructions, and lasts for 4 clock
cycles. The oscillator
frequency is stabilized by a quartz crystal. The execution time of jump and branch
instructions is 2 clock cycles. It means that if the microcontroller‘s operating speed is
20MHz, the execution time of each instruction will be 200nS, i.e. the program will
execute 5 million instructions per second!

Fig.7: Pin description of PIC Microcontroller 18F4520

A. Android
A Smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more
advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. Android is a
software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and
key applications. Android, by simple definition, is an operating system for many
mobile phones.
Android is a customizable platform that can look and feel very different on every
different handsets. Android gives us tools for creating apps that looks great and take
more advantage of the hardware capabilities available on each device. The purpose of
use of android in our project is to send the control signals from smart phone through
Bluetooth [4].
B. Bluetooth Technology
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances
(using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the \ from 2.4 to 2.485 GHz) from fixed
and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs). Invented by
40 Deepashri K M

telecom vendor Ericsson in 1994, it was originally conceived as a wireless alternative

to RS-232 data.
Bluetooth was selected as our way of communicating mobile with a central system.
Bluetooth module receives the data serially in RS232 format from controller and
sends it to wireless network.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Measurement of parameters & controlling the Appliances using Smartphone
STEP 1) Turn on the power supply of the circuit.
STEP 2) Turn on the Bluetooth module
STEP 3) Open Android Bluetooth application in the Smart Phone. Select the
parameter to be monitored and controlled.
Fig. 8 shows the screenshot of control panel in Smartphone when connected with
system Bluetooth device.

Fig .8: Screenshot of Control Panel

Fig. 9 (a) shows the screenshot and status of the heating coil and sensed temperature
is displayed on both Smartphone system and LCD display. Fig. 9 (b) shows the
photograph of the system output for the mentioned condition.
Industrial Appliances Control Using Android Mobile & Bluetooth Technology
41

(a) (b)
Fig.9: (a) Screenshot displaying temperature reading and the status of the heating coil
(b) Photograph of the corresponding system output

Fig.10 (a) and (b) shows the measurement of intensity in lux in both operators screen
and system display. It also gives alert message that heating coil on.

(a) (b)
Fig.10: (a) Screenshot of controlling of Intensity (b) Photograph of the corresponding
system output

Fig.11 (a) and (b) shows the speed measurement of DC motor in revolutions per
minute and also system can control the direction and speed control.
42 Deepashri K M

(a) (b)
Fig.11: (a) Screenshot of measurement of motor speed (b)Photograph of the
corresponding system output

CONCLUSION
The developed industrial appliances control system using android mobile & Bluetooth
technology is useful and convenient in monitoring and control of industrial
appliances. As this system has interface between Bluetooth and android smart phone
provides easy operation with monitoring the parameters by wireless communication in
real time. By this system the operator can continuously monitor the appliances so not
to exceed the desired set point ranges like temperature, intensity level and speed and
direction of the DC motor. Herewith it is believed to provide good control all over the
appliances.

REFERENCES
[1] Prof .P.N.Khairnar, Kokane Harichandra J., Narkhede Amol A., Narkhede
Kunal A., “Industrial Device Control using Android Mobile & Bluetooth
Technology”, IJARIIE, Vol-3, Issue-2, 2017, pp. 2395-4396
[2] Mohammed Juned, Srija Unnikrishnan, “Bluetooth Based Remote Monitoring
& Control System”, Journal of Basic and Applied Engineering Research, Vol
1, No. 8; Oct 2014, pp. 108-111
[3] Belgi Y.G , Avatade P.G , Deshmukh P.V, Sakhare A.M , Shinde A.J. and
Prof. Patil J.M., “Android Based Appliances Control System”, International
Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering (IJETAE), Vol
3, Issue 12, Dec 2013, pp. 681-683
[4] The Bluetooth website from Bluetooth SIG: http://www.bluetooth.com.