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2 Econtent - Module2 - Session1

This document outlines the need for phasor measurement units (PMUs) in power systems and discusses their benefits over traditional SCADA systems. It introduces PMUs and explains how they provide time-synchronized voltage and current phasor measurements to enable wide-area monitoring of power systems. The document also discusses India's deployment of PMUs and presents case studies using PMU data for applications like fault detection and dynamic model validation. Finally, it addresses ongoing challenges in PMU technology and deployment.

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devesh verma
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36 views

2 Econtent - Module2 - Session1

This document outlines the need for phasor measurement units (PMUs) in power systems and discusses their benefits over traditional SCADA systems. It introduces PMUs and explains how they provide time-synchronized voltage and current phasor measurements to enable wide-area monitoring of power systems. The document also discusses India's deployment of PMUs and presents case studies using PMU data for applications like fault detection and dynamic model validation. Finally, it addresses ongoing challenges in PMU technology and deployment.

Uploaded by

devesh verma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Outline

Present Power System Scenario Need for PMU

Introduction to PMU Basic Working of PMU

How are PMUs time synchronized? Difference between SCADA and PMU

Deployment of PMUs in India Case Studies Using PMU data

Challenges ahead
Present Power System Scenario
Present Power System Scenario
Blackout in US
on
August 14, 2003
How we protect the Power System from Collapse??
• One promising way is to provide the system a wide protection and control
named as Wide Area Measurement and Control system (WAMAC).

• PMUs are the most accurate and advanced synchronized measurement


technology available.

• They provide voltage and current phasors and frequency information


synchronized with high precision to a common time reference, the Global
Positioning System (GPS).
Power System Operation

Sense

Communicate
Traditional Measurement and
Monitor Interface

 SCADA  Working of SCADA

SCADA EMS

Output Rate of SCADA~ 4-6 Sec


Need for PMU

Phase Angle Separation is key indication of system stress


Need for PMU
Time synchronized wide area system data is required to
have an accurate view of the entire power system
Phase Angle Separation

Load

Sending End X Receiving End

V1V2
P sin(δ1 - δ 2 )
X
Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
Concept of PMU

Phase Time Stamp


Conversion A
A
Ø
T=0

1 pps Signal from GPS


for time synchronization
Block Diagram of PMU
Introduction to PMU

How are PMUs time


Synchronized?

Proper Time
Synchronization
Introduction to PMU:
SCADA vs. PMU
Attribute SCADA PMU
1 Sample Every 2-4
10-60 Samples Per Second
Resolution Seconds (Steady State
(Dynamic Observability)
Observability)
Magnitude only Magnitude and Phase
Measured Quantities
Angle
Time Synchronization No Yes
Local Monitoring and Wide Area Monitoring and
Focus
Control Control
PMUs in India

 As of 2010 - 04 PMUs

 As of 2014 - 62 PMUs

An approval to install 1700 PMUs, 32 PDCs


and Analytic Software at 6.5 Billion INR is
approved under URTDSM Scheme, which
includes 11,000 km of optical fiber.

Photo Courtesy: www. posoco.in


Case Studies using PMU data*

Detection of Coherent Visualization of PSS


Group of Generators
3 6 testing

Low Frequency Oscillation 2 5 Dynamic Model Validation

Islanding Detection and


Fault detection,
1 4 their resynchronization
classification and analysis with the grid
* Source- POSOCO Report on Synchrophasors-Initiative in India
Fault Detection, Classification
and Analysis

 Transmission Line Fault

 LG Fault on 400 kV Sami Dehgam


circuit-1 and Unsuccessful Auto
reclosure

 Date and Time : 03-05-2013 16:21 Data


Used for Event Analysis : Dehgam,
Sugen, Boisar, Sugen PMU
Frequency and ROCOF from Various
PMUs in Western Region

Zero Sequence voltage from the PMU at Dehgam end Voltages from the PMU at Dehgam end
Current plot of 400 kV Dehgam-
Gandhar II circuit from the PMU
at Dehgam end

Frequency plot obtained from the PSS/E


Simulation for L-G fault on 400 kV Sami
Dehgam 1
Technology Deployment

Data Identification

Data Handling Challenges


Maintenance & Problem Identification

Data Transmission

Renewable Resource Integration

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