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Part Ii: A BC ACB ABC Ø Xyz

The document contains 8 questions related to physics. Question 2 asks about the curl of a vector field and its physical significance, defines the vector triple product, and asks to find the divergence of the gradient of a given vector field. Question 3 covers Kepler's law of areas, describes a spaceship in elliptical orbit around Earth, and asks which has a greater angular momentum - Earth's rotation or orbit. Question 4 discusses the equivalence of mass and energy, time dilation effects, and asks about the speed of cosmic ray muons. Question 5 defines viscosity, uses viscosity to solve problems involving fluid flow through pipes, and asks about the entropy change when water is heated to boiling.

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Hamza Nagra
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90 views

Part Ii: A BC ACB ABC Ø Xyz

The document contains 8 questions related to physics. Question 2 asks about the curl of a vector field and its physical significance, defines the vector triple product, and asks to find the divergence of the gradient of a given vector field. Question 3 covers Kepler's law of areas, describes a spaceship in elliptical orbit around Earth, and asks which has a greater angular momentum - Earth's rotation or orbit. Question 4 discusses the equivalence of mass and energy, time dilation effects, and asks about the speed of cosmic ray muons. Question 5 defines viscosity, uses viscosity to solve problems involving fluid flow through pipes, and asks about the entropy change when water is heated to boiling.

Uploaded by

Hamza Nagra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PART ̶ II

Q. 2. (a) What is the curl of a vector field? Explain its physical significance. (10)
(b) What is vector triple product? Show that (6)
    
A B  C  A C B  A  B C  (4) (20)
(c) If ø  2 x y z then find the div grad Ø.
3 2 4

Q. 3. (a) State and explain Kelper’s law of areas. (8)


(b) A spaceship of mass m = 4.50 × 103 kg is in a circular Earth orbit of radius (6)
r  8.00 106 m and period To = 118.6 min = 7.119 × 103 s when a thruster is fired in
the forward direction to decrease the speed to 96.0% of the original speed. What is
the period T of the resulting elliptical orbit?
(c) Which has greater magnitude, the angular momentum of the Earth (relative to its (6) (20)
center) associated with its rotation on its axis or the angular momentum of the Earth
(relative to the center of its orbit) associated with its orbital motion around the Sun?

Q. 4. (a) Explain the equivalence of mass and energy. (6)


(b) Explain two tests of time dilation i.e microscopic and macroscopic clocks. (8)
(c) The mean lifetime of stationary muons is measured to be 2.2000 ms. The mean (6) (20)
lifetime of high-speed muons in a burst of cosmic rays observed from Earth is
measured to be 16.000 μs. To five significant figures, what is the speed parameter b
of these cosmic-rays muons relative to Earth?

Q. 5. (a) What is viscosity? Explain in detail. What is the effect of temperature on viscosity? (8)
(b) Caster oil, which has a density of 0.96 × 103 kg/m3 at room temperature, is forced (5)
through a pipe of circular cross section by a pump that maintains a gauge pressure of
950 Pa. The pipe has a diameter of 2.6 cm and a length of 65 cm. The castor oil
emerging from the free end of the pipe at atmospheric pressure is collected. After 90
s, a total of 1.23 kg has been collected. What is the coefficient of viscosity of the
castor oil at this temperature?
(c) A liquid flows through a horizontal pipe whose inner radius is 2.52 cm. The pipe (7) (20)
bends upward through a height of 11.5 m where it widens and joins another
horizontal pipe of inner radius 6.14 cm. What must the volume flux be if the pressure
in the two horizontal pipes is the same?

Q. 6. (a) What is damped harmonic oscillator? Write its equation of motion and find its (10)
solution.
(b) The amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator decreases by 3.0% during each cycle. (4)
What percentage of the mechanical energy of the oscillator is lost in each cycle?
(c) An insulating vessel containing 1.8 kg of water is placed on a hot plate, both the (6) (20)
water and hot plate being initially at 20oC. The temperature of the hot plate is raised
very slowly to 100oC, at which point the water begins to boil. What is the entropy
change of the water during this process?
PHYSICS, PAPER-I

Q. 7. (a) What are travelling waves? Find the rate at which energy is transported by a wave (5)
travelling along a string.
(b) A string has linear density μ = 525 g/m and is under tension T = 45 N. We send a (5)
sinusoidal wave with frequency f = 120 Hz and amplitude ym = 8.5 mm along the
string. At what average rate does the wave transport energy?
(c) Two sinusoidal waves with the identical wavelengths and amplitudes travel in (10) (20)
opposite directions along a string with a speed of 10 cm/s. If the time interval
between instants when the string is flat is 0.50 s, what is the wavelength of the
waves?

Q. 8. (a) Explain the volume and pressure corrections in ideal gas law as suggested by van (10)
der Waals.
(b) For oxygen the van der Waals coefficients have been measured to be (5)
a = 0.138 J .m3/mol2 and b = 3.18 × 10-5 m3/mol. Assume that 1.00 mol of oxygen at
T = 50 K is confined to a box of volume 0.0224 m3. What pressure does the gas exert
according to (a) the ideal gas law and (b) the van der Waals equation?
(c) State and explain the zeroth law of thermodynamics. (5) (20)

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