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Early Problems Concise Version

The document summarizes several early problems faced by Pakistan after independence, including issues related to the accession of princely states like Kashmir and Hyderabad, canal water disputes with India, refugee problems from partition, the unequal division of military and financial assets between Pakistan and India, and controversies over establishing a national language.

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43 views

Early Problems Concise Version

The document summarizes several early problems faced by Pakistan after independence, including issues related to the accession of princely states like Kashmir and Hyderabad, canal water disputes with India, refugee problems from partition, the unequal division of military and financial assets between Pakistan and India, and controversies over establishing a national language.

Uploaded by

Madifa Queen
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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History Notes By Aayan Yousuf

Early Problems
Accession of Princely States:
• Dir,Swat,Chitral and Hunza joined Pakistan.
• Bhawalpur also joined Pakistan.

Issue of Kashmir:
• Largest Princly state.
• It has stategic importance.
• Maharaja was Hindu and majority population was Muslim.
• Sep 1947 a campaign was started to drive muslims out of Kashmir.
• There was a war between the Indian and local people .
• 31st Dec 1948, a complaint was filled in UNO
• Cease fire was arranged.

Issue of Jungadh:
• 300 miles South of Karachi.
• Population was non muslims.
• After Independence Jungadh announced their accession with Paksitan but
Indian government refused to accept it.
• As economic blockade of Jungadh was imposed and states were
surrounded by Indian force.
• By the end of October 1947,ruler was forced to leave the state
• 9th Nov 1947 Indian army occupied the state.

Issue of Hyderabad
• Largest Princly state.
• Population of 160 million
• Population was Hindu but the ruler was muslim
• In august 1948 Hyderabad filed a complaint before the UNO.
• 13th sep Indian Troops entered Hyderabad and dismantled the state.

Canal Water Dispute:


• 1st April 1948,India stopped the water supply of Ravi and Sutlej.
• Pakistan wanted to settle this matter by international court, but
Indian refused.
• 19th sep 1960 Indus Water Treaty was signed.
• Pakistan was given Indus,Jehlum,Chenab
• 2 dams 5 barrages and 8 link canals.

Refugee Problems and Accomidation problem:


• Millions of people found themselves living in the wrong country.
• Worlds largest Migration took place.
• Millions of men,women and children died due to violence and
long journey.
• Nearly 20 million people were homeless and jobless.

Divison of Military assets:


• Assets were divided in a ratio of 65% and 35% in India favour
• There were 16 ordinance factory and none was given to Pakistan.
• 60 million were given to Pakistan.
• 4000 officers were needed but 2500 were given.
• Useless,scrap and outdated.

Divison of Financial assets


• Cash balance of 4 billion
• 750 million was the share of Pakistan
• 200 million were given
• 500 million were given due to Gandhis hunger strike
• 50 million still not paid
Issue of National Language
• Controversy between East and West Pakistan
• In march 1948, while addressing at dhakka Jinnah declared Urdu as national
langusge.
• This matter exploted when Jinnah died.
• Due to culture,language and lifestyle problem

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