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P NRT V Bar DM K Mol

1) The document shows how to calculate pressure directly from a change in volume using the ideal gas law and the heat capacity ratio (γ), without needing to calculate temperature. 2) It derives an equation relating the initial and final pressure (pf) and volume (Vf/Vi) using γ. 3) It checks this equation on the example from earlier in the document and finds it gives the same pressure as calculating via temperature. This confirms the direct calculation method using just volume change and γ is valid.

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Akib Imtihan
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32 views2 pages

P NRT V Bar DM K Mol

1) The document shows how to calculate pressure directly from a change in volume using the ideal gas law and the heat capacity ratio (γ), without needing to calculate temperature. 2) It derives an equation relating the initial and final pressure (pf) and volume (Vf/Vi) using γ. 3) It checks this equation on the example from earlier in the document and finds it gives the same pressure as calculating via temperature. This confirms the direct calculation method using just volume change and γ is valid.

Uploaded by

Akib Imtihan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Now that we have T (and we were given volume and the number of moles), we can find the
pressure in a very straightforward fashion using the perfect gas law, i.e,

n RT (1 m ol )(8.3144672 × 10−2 bar d m 3 K −1m ol −1)(335 K )


p= = = 0.419 bar
V 66.5 d m 3
As we discussed previously, the change in internal energy is
ΔU = CV ΔT = n3RΔT = (1 m ol )(3)(8.3144672 J K −1 m ol −1)(335 K − 450 K ) = − 2868 J = − 2.87 k J

For the work, we know from the First law: ΔU = q + w


Since adiabatic, q = 0, and thus, w = ΔU = − 2.86 k J

In the problem above, to find the pressure, we first found the temperature, and then used the
perfect gas law. Can we find the pressure directly from the volume change?

2E.2 The change in pressure


We found
1
c
Tf
( Ti ) ( Vf )
Vi
=
pV
However, from the perfect gas law, we know that T =
nR
Therefore, can write the equation above as
1
c
pfVf
( piVi ) ( Vf )
Vi
= (since the 1/nR cancels out)

1 +1
c
pf
( pi ) ( Vf )
Vi
=

1 1+c R + CV,m Cp,m


But +1= = = = γ where we have used Cp,m = CV,m + R
c c CV,m CV,m

Therefore, pfVfγ = piViγ

Check: does this work for our previous example?

1 mol perfect gas


1 mol perfect gas

27.4 dm3
66.5 dm3

450.0K, 1.37 bar ?? K, ?? bar


2

Cp,m 3R + R 4
γ = = =
CV,m 3R 3
γ 4/3

( Vf ) ( 66.5 d m 3 )
Vi 27.4 d m 3
pf = pi = 1.37 bar = 0.420 bar (same within round error of T)

Example #2: Argon expands reversibly and adiabatically to twice its initial volume. If the initial
pressure is 1.00 bar, what is the final pressure?
Argon is an atomic gas, therefore, assuming perfect gas behaviour,
Cp,m (3/2)R + R 5
γ = = =
CV,m (3/2)R 3
γ

(2)
5/3

( Vf )
Vi 1
pf = pi = 1.00 bar = 0.314 bar

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