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Modulation and What Is Amplitude Key Shift

Modulation is the process of varying a carrier wave according to the modulating signal. There are three main types of modulation: amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave, frequency modulation varies the frequency, and phase modulation varies the phase. Amplitude shift keying and frequency shift keying are digital modulation techniques that vary the amplitude or frequency of the carrier wave based on the binary input. Phase shift keying is another digital modulation technique that varies the phase of the carrier wave to encode the binary data.

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41 views

Modulation and What Is Amplitude Key Shift

Modulation is the process of varying a carrier wave according to the modulating signal. There are three main types of modulation: amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, and phase modulation. Amplitude modulation varies the amplitude of the carrier wave, frequency modulation varies the frequency, and phase modulation varies the phase. Amplitude shift keying and frequency shift keying are digital modulation techniques that vary the amplitude or frequency of the carrier wave based on the binary input. Phase shift keying is another digital modulation technique that varies the phase of the carrier wave to encode the binary data.

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Faiq
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Wireless Networks

Assignment # 05
(Modulation)
Modulation is the representation of analog information by an analog signal. It is a process by
virtue of which a characteristic of carrier wave is varied according to the instantaneous amplitude
of the modulating signal. This modulation is generally needed when a bandpass channel is
required. Bandpass is a range of frequencies which are transmitted through a bandpass filter. A
filter is allowing specific frequencies to pass preventing signals at unwanted frequencies.

Modulation conversion can be done in three ways:


1. Amplitude Modulation
2. Frequency Modulation
3. Phase Modulation

AMPLITUDE MODULATION:
The modulation in which the amplitude of the carrier wave is varied according to the
instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal keeping phase and frequency as constant. AM
is normally implemented by using a simple multiplier because the amplitude of the carrier signal
needs to be changed according to the amplitude of the modulating signal.
FREQUENCY MODULATION:
The modulation in which the frequency of the carrier wave is varied according to the
instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal keeping phase and amplitude as constant. FM
is normally implemented by using a voltage-controlled oscillator as with FSK. The frequency of
the oscillator changes according to the input voltage which is the amplitude of the modulating
signal.
PHASE MODULATION:
The modulation in which the phase of the carrier wave is varied according to the instantaneous
amplitude of the modulating signal keeping amplitude and frequency as constant. Phase
modulation is practically similar to Frequency Modulation, but in Phase modulation frequency of
the carrier signal is not increased. It is normally implemented by using a voltage-controlled
oscillator along with a derivative. The frequency of the oscillator changes according to the
derivative of the input voltage which is the amplitude of the modulating signal.

What is Amplitude Shift Keying


The amplitude of the resultant output depends upon the input data whether it should be a zero
level or a variation of positive and negative, depending upon the carrier frequency.

1
Wireless Networks

Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) is a type of Amplitude Modulation which represents the binary
data in the form of variations in the amplitude of a signal. Following is the diagram for ASK
modulated waveform along with its input.

Any modulated signal has a high frequency carrier. The binary signal when ASK is modulated,
gives a zero value for LOW input and gives the carrier output for HIGH input.

What is Frequency Shift Keying


The frequency of the output signal will be either high or low, depending upon the input data
applied. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) is the digital modulation technique in which the frequency
of the carrier signal varies according to the discrete digital changes. FSK is a scheme of frequency
modulation. Following is the diagram for FSK modulated waveform along with its input.

The output of a FSK modulated wave is high in frequency for a binary HIGH input and is low in
frequency for a binary LOW input. The binary 1s and 0s are called Mark and Space frequencies.
What is Phase Shift Keying?
The phase of the output signal gets shifted depending upon the input. These are mainly of two
types, namely BPSK and QPSK, according to the number of phase shifts. The other one is DPSK
which changes the phase according to the previous value.
Phase Shift Keying (PSK) is the digital modulation technique in which the phase of the carrier
signal is changed by varying the sine and cosine inputs at a particular time. PSK technique is
widely used for wireless LANs, bio-metric, contactless operations, along with RFID and Bluetooth
communications.
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