Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited Hkkjr lapkj fuxe fyfeVsM

JTO Ph-II DATA NETWORK

WEEK-4 (NIB II Project 2.2)

BSNL
ES & IT FACULTY
COURSE CODE – BRBCOIF114

BHARAT RATNA BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR

INSTITUTE OF TELECOM TRAINING,
RIDGE ROAD, JABALPUR – 482 001
(ISO-9008 : 2008 Certified)

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PHASE II SPECIALIZATION TRAINING

ON
“DATA NETWORKS” FOR JTOs

INDEX

Week-IV NIB-II Project 2.2

S No Topic Page No.

1. Overview OF NIB-II Project-2.2 3
2. Overview of Broadband Access Technology and ADSL 10
Technology
3. Broadband Remote Access Server 23
4. Overview of Tier-I and Tier-II Switch 43
5. DSLAM Overview 56
6. DSLAM MA5300 Configuration 72
7. ADSL Modem Overview – HUWAI Technology 86
8. 3COM 7700R Switch 108
9. DSLAM AN-2000 117
10. ADSL Modem Overview-UT800R 128
11. RAS Total Control 1000 4.5 Card Installation 133
12. Super Stack 3Switch 4400 LABS 180
13. NMS,EMS,OSS/BS,QOS IN NIB II Project-3 203

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OVERVIEW OF NIB-II PROJECT–2.2

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OVERVIEW OF NIB-II

General
BSNL has planned to setup NIB-II to provide world class infrastructure to offer
various value added services to a broader customer base county-wide that will help to
accelerate the Internet revolution in India. Moreover the NIB-II will create a platform,
which enables e-governance, e-banking, e-learning, etc. with the key point of Service
Level Agreements & Guarantee in tune with Global standards and customer
expectations.
NIB-II has been grouped into following three major projects.
Project 1: - MPLS based IP Network infrastructure covering 71 cities along
with associated NMS, PMS, Firewall and Caching platforms.
Project 2.1: Access Gateway platform using Dialup comprising of narrow
band RAS and DSL equipment.
Project 2.2: Access Gateway platform comprising of Broadband RAS and
DSL equipment.
Project 3: Messaging and Storage platform and Provisioning, Billing and
Customer care and Enterprise management system.
The network shall seamlessly integrate with the already existing network
infrastructure comprising of the TCP/IP based NIB-I and MPLS VPN network. The
NIB-II project comprises of Technology solutions from different product
manufacturers with the provision for future expansion.
Services planned through Project 2.2
Primary source of Internet bandwidth for retail users for application such as
Web browsing, e-commerce etc
Multicast video services, video on demand etc through Broadband Remote
Access Server (BRAS).
Allow wholesale BRAS ports to be assigned to smaller ISPs through the
franchises model wherein the later has a separate network of DSLAMs, AAA,
LDAP through a revenue scheme of BSNL.
Dialup VPN (VPDN) user connects to NIB-II through the Narrow band RAS
and is connected to its private network through a secure L2TP tunnel
established between Narrowband RAS and Broadband RAS.
Support for both prepaid and postpaid Broadband services.

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Components of Broad Band Access Network

Broad Band Remote Access Server (BBRAS)
Gigabit and Fast Ethernet Aggregation Switches (LAN Switches)
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs)
SSSS/SSSC (Subscriber Service Selection System/ Centre)
Servers for AAA, LDAP at Pune
Provisioning and configuration management at NOC
Implementation of Broadband in NIB-II Project 2.2
BSNL is in the process of commissioning of a world class, multi-gigabit, multi-
protocol, convergent IP infrastructure through National Internet Backbone–II (NIB-II)
that will provide convergent services through the same backbone and broadband
access network. The Broadband service will be available on DSL technology (on the
same copper cable that is used for connecting telephone), on a countrywide basis
spanning 198 cities.
In terms of infrastructure for broadband services NIB-II would put India at par with
more advanced nations. The services that would be supported includes always-on
broadband access to the Internet for residential and business customers, Content based
services, Video multicasting, Video-on-demand and Interactive gaming, Audio and
Video conferencing, IP Telephony, Distance learning, Messaging: plain and feature
rich, Multi-site MPLS VPNs with Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees. The subscribe
will be able to access the above services through Subscriber Service Selection System
(SSSS) portal.
Key Objectives
To provide high speed Internet connectivity (upto 8 Mbps)
To provide Virtual Private Network (VPN) service to the broadband customers
To provide dial VPN service to MPLS VPN customers.
To provide multicast video services, video-on-demand, etc. through the
Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS).
To provide a means to bill for the aforesaid services by either time-based or
volume-based billing. It shall provide the customer with the option to select
the services through web server
To provide both pre-paid and post paid broadband services
Services available through Broadband
High speed Internet Access: This is the always-on Internet access service
with speed ranging from 256 kbps to 8 Mbps.
Bandwidth on Demand: This will facilitate customer to change bandwidth as
per his / her requirement. For example a customer with 256 kbps can change
to 1 Mbps during the video Conferencing session.
Multicasting: This is to provide video multicast services for application in
distance education, telemedicine etc
Dial VPN Service: This service allows remote users to access their private
network securely over the NIB-II infrastructure.
Video and Audio Conferencing

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Content based Services: Like Video on Demand, Interactive Gaming, Live

and time shifted TV
Technical Capability of the Backbone
The Broadband Service will be given through the state of the art Multi Protocol Label
Switching (MPLS) based IP Infrastructure, which is designed to provide reliable
routes to cover all possible destinations within and outside the country. Layer 1 of the
network will consist of a high speed Backbone comprising of 24 powerful Core
Routers connected with high speed 2.5 Gbps(STM-16) links. The routers are located
on the national DWDM network interfacing at STM-16 optical level to provide for
high transmission speeds.
Project 2.2
This Project is for the deployment of broadband services in 198 cities with 69
important cities where Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) shall be
deployed. The cities are categorized under A1 (3 cites), A2 (3 cites), A3 (6 cites), A4
(10 cites), B1 (21 cites), B2 (26 cites), and others (129 cities). Delhi and Mumbai will
not have any broadband equipment under Project 2.2 of NIB-II.
Salient features of the Project are:
Broadband deployment is catered through Project 2.2 of NIB-II using ADSL
technology.
Tender done through two-stage process.
NIT floated by Karnataka Circle on 22/01/2004
First Year PO placed on 03/08/2004 and second year PO placed on 03/11/2004
50% add on order through the same tender also processed.
Service on a countrywide basis spanning 198 cities. Cities classified as A1,
A2, A3, A4, B1, B2 and Other cities.
Network supports ADSL, ADSL2 and ADSL 2plus
Broadband Service launched under the brand name of DataOne on
14/01/2005
Service Operational in 50 cities with more than 60000 customer base
Additional 35 new cities planned as part of add on order taking the total tally
to 233 cities
Presently High Speed Internet Access is offered. Content-based service is in
the pipeline.
Brief Functions of DSL Components
DSL CPEs: At customer premises. On end it connects telephone cable coming from
exchange. At the other end, it connects to Telephone and PC through Ethernet using
RJ-45 connector
DSLAM: called as DSL Access Multiplexer. It has a built in splitter, which splits
voice and data. While voice follows the normal conventional path through exchange,
data is aggregated and up linked through Ethernet Port (Gigabit Ethernet for 480 port
and Fast Ethernet for lower DSLAM)
LAN Switch: For aggregating multiple DSLAM and providing a common uplink

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BRAS: called as Broadband Remote Access Server. It is the first intelligent device in
the whole chain. It terminates the customer session, authenticates, allots IP addresses
and keeps track of user session for billing along with RADIUS.
SSSS: It is called as Subscriber Service Selection System. When customer logs in he
will be welcomed with this customized screen from where he can select various range
of services. This provides on-demand service without manual intervention.
RADIUS: This, in conjunction with BRAS, authenticates customer, uploads customer
profile in the SSSS and keeps track of billing.
LDAP: It stores customer database viz. username, password and the default services
that it can subscribe to.
Provisioning: This is the most critical component for ensuring quick delivery of
service. It ensures end-to-end provisioning of service right from DSL CPEs to
DSLAM to Switch to BRAS to LDAP.
Network Architecture of Project 2.2
All 198 cities will have DSLAMs and Tier2 LAN switches (for aggregation of
DSLAM). All A cities and Noida (Total 23 cities) will have one BRAS, one SSSS and
one Tier 1 LAN switch. There will be no BRAS, SSSS and Tier 1 LAN switch in any
other cities. All DSLAM are initially aggregated using Tier 2 LAN switch, through
one pair of dark fibre. The 240 port DSLAM will have two numbers of FE interfaces.
The FX or GBIC module in DSLAM and LAN switch should be capable of driving up
to 10kms on a single mode fibre. The SX or GBIC module in LAN switch used for
connecting Tier2 to Tier1 will support 40kms distance. In bigger cities like A1, A2,
A3 and A4, one BRAS per city will be deployed initially. There will be no BBRAS at
B1 and B2 cities. The DSLAMs in B1, B2 and other lower hierarchical cities will be
aggregated through Layer 2 switches, and will be connected to the nearest BRAS of A
cities on Ethernet over SDH. The BRAS shall terminate the PPP sessions initiated by
the customer and extend the connection further to MPLS VPN/Internet as desired by
the customer. The DSLAM will in general be colocated with existing PSTN
exchange, which provides last mile access to customers over copper wire up to
average span lengths of 3 kms. All DSLAM will be aggregated through Fast Ethernet
(FE) interface except 480 port DSLAM, which will be aggregated through Gigabit
Ethernet (GigE) interface.
The Salient points of the broadband deployment are
The broadband Services are planned in 198 cities
The cities are categorized under A1 (3 cities), A2 (3 cities), A3 (6 cities), A4
(10 cities), B1 (21 cities), B2 (26 cities) and others (129 cities).
Delhi and Mumbai will not have any broadband equipment under Project 2.2
of NIB-II.
All A cities + NOIDA (Total 23 cities) will have one BRAS, one SSSS and
one Tier 1 LAN Switch.
There will be no BRAS, SSSS and Tier 1 LAN Switch in any other cities.
All 198 cities will have DSLAMs and Tier 2 LAN Switch (for aggregating
DSLAM)
All DSLAMs are initially aggregated using Tier 2 LAN Switch, through one
pair of dark fibre. The DSLAMs and Switch Ethernet Interface are optical,

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single mode at 1550 nm. The maximum distance between DSLAM and LAN
Switch shall not exceed 10 km
DSLAMs of 480 ports, 240 ports, 120 ports, 64 ports, 48 ports and 24 ports
type are planned. While DSLAM of 480 ports will have Gigabit Ethernet
interface, other type of DSLAMs will have Fast Ethernet Interface.
The Tier 2 LAN Switch in A city + NOIDA will be further aggregated at Tier
1 LAN Switch, deployed in the same city, through one pair of dark fibre, on
Gigabit Ethernet optical, single mode Interface at 1550 nm. The maximum

distance between Tier 2 LAN Switch and Tier 1LAN Switch shall not exceed
40 km.
The Tier 2 LAN Switch in B cities and other cities will be connected to the
nearest A city using Fast Ethernet over SDH (FEoSDH). For this
connectivity, the Fast Ethernet interface at Tier 2 LAN Switch in B or other
cities can be either electrical or optical whereas Fast Ethernet interface at
Tier 1 LAN Switch in A cities or Noida shall be optical.
It may be mentioned here that in each B1 and B2 city, two Tier 2 LAN Switch
are planned. Thus, Fast Ethernet over SDH will be originating from two
different places in B cities and getting terminated on the Tier 1 LAN Switch.
So, two STM-1 links are required for each B1 and B2 city.
The Tier 1 LAN Switch in A city and Noida is connected to BRAS on Gigabit
Ethernet (GigE) interface, which in turn is connected to the Core Router of
Project 1 of NIB-II.
The broadband Network will have Network Operation Centre (NOC) with
main NOC at Bangalore and Disaster Recovery (DR) NOC at Pune. In
addition, five Regional POPs (for network management) are also planned.
They are Bangalore, Pune, Kolkatta,Chennai and NOIDA..

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Fig.: Broadband connectivity Diagram in A city

Fig.: Broadband connectivity Diagram in B city

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OVERVIEW OF BROADBAND ACCESS TECHNOLOGY

&
ADSL TECHNOLOGY

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OVERVIEW OF BROADBAND TECHNOLOGY & ADSL

TECHNOLOGY
Objectives
The main objective of this chapter is to build up the following
To understand what is Broadband
To understand the need of broadband
To familiarize with the various broadband technologies
To familiarize with Broadband Network
INTRODUCTION
With the evolution of computer networking and packet switching concept a new era
of integrated communication has emerged in the telecom world. Rapid growth of data
communication market and popularity of Internet, reflect the needs of enhanced
infrastructure to optimize the demand of traffic. Integration of telecom and computer
networking technology trend has further amplified the importance of
telecommunications in the field of information communication. It becomes a tool for
the conveyance of information, and thus can be critical to the development process.
Telecommunications has become one of the most important infrastructures that are
very essential to the socio-economic well being of any nation. As the Internet market
continues to explode, demand for greater bandwidth and faster connection speeds
have led to several technological approaches developed to provide broadband access
to all consumers. The demand for high-speed bandwidth is growing at a fast pace,
driven mostly by growth in data volumes as the Internet and related networks become
more central to business operations. The rapid growth of distributed business
applications, e-commerce, and bandwidth-intensive applications (such as multimedia,
videoconferencing, and video on demand) generate the demand for bandwidth and
access network.
A concept of broadband services and the means of access technologies to bridge the
customer and service provider is emerged out through out the world. "Broadband"
refers to high-speed Internet access. Broadband Solutions represent the convergence
of multiple independent networks including voice, video and data into a single,
unified, broadband network.
Definition of broadband
Broadband is the nonspecific term for high-speed digital Internet access. To state the
obvious, ‗broadband‘ indicates a means of connectivity at a high or ‗broad‘
bandwidth. There are the various ways to define the broadband: -
Term for evolving digital technologies that provide customers a high-speed
data network connection
Provides signal switched facility offering integrated access to voice, data,
video, and interactive delivery services
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) defines broadband as an
advanced telecommunications capability
Delivers services & facilities with an upstream and downstream speed of 200
Kbps or more. Range varies from 128 Kbps to 100 Mbps.

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In fact there is no specific International Definition for Broadband

In India, Department of Telecommunications has issued a Broadband policy in 2004.
Keeping in view the present status, Broadband connectivity is defined at present as: -
―An ‗always-on‘ data connection that is able to support interactive services including
Internet access and has the capability of the minimum download speed of 256 kilo bits
per second (kbps) to an individual subscriber from the Point Of Presence (POP) of the
service provider intending to provide Broadband service where multiple such
individual Broadband connections are aggregated and the subscriber is able to access
these interactive services including the Internet through this POP. The interactive
services will exclude any services for which a separate license is specifically required,
for example, real-time voice transmission, except to the extent that it is presently
permitted under ISP license with Internet Telephony.
It reflects that: -
One of the latest trends in enhancing communication systems involves
broadband technology
Broadband refers to greater bandwidth-or transmission capacity of a medium
Broadband technology will allow for high-speed transmission of voice, video,
and data over networks like the Internet
Implementation of Broadband
To Strengthen Broadband Penetration, the Government of India has formulated a
Broadband Policy whose main objectives are to:-
Establish a regulatory framework for the carriage and the content of
information in the scenario of convergence.
Facilitate development of national infrastructure for an information based
society.
Make available broadband interactive multimedia services to users in the
public network.
Provide high speed data and multimedia capability using new technologies to
all towns with a population greater than 2 lakhs.
Make available Internet services at panchayat (village) level for access to
information to provide product consultancy and marketing advice.
Deploy state of art and proven technologies to facilitate introduction of new
services.
Strengthen research and development efforts in the telecom technologies.
Need of Broadband
The concept of socio economy has an important role in the field of communication of
data, audio, video, speech or any other kind of application. It is an era of CAPEX and
OPEX. Service providers and customers both are interested in economy with fastest
tool of communication with more throughput. Traditional circuit switching network
are not supporting the effective fast communication for new applications. This has
emerged out with the evolution of packet switching network. Communication of data
for various applications is feasible to carry with different throughput.

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The service provider converged voice and data network promises to be implemented
as nodes in a neighborhood or remote switches in regional locations.
The Internet, e-mail, web sites, software downloads, file transfers: they are all now
part of the fabric of doing business. But until now, it has not been possible for
businesses to fully take advantage of the benefits that technology can truly deliver.
The reason for this is a simple one - a lack of bandwidth. Even for small businesses,
narrowband dial-up access is no longer sufficient. It simply takes too long to do basic
tasks, like downloading a large file, and is increasingly being recognized as
insufficient and inconvenient.
Kim Maxwell in his book-"Residential Broadband: An Insider's Guide to the Battle
for the Last Mile" has grouped potential residential broadband applications into three
general categories: "professional activities " (activities related to users' employment),
"entertainment activities " (from game playing to movie watching), and "consumer
activities " (all other non-employment and non-entertainment activities). as follows:
Professional Activities:
Telecommuting (access to corporate networks and systems to support working
at home on a regular basis)
Video conferencing (one-to-one or multi-person video telephone calls)
Home-based business (including web serving, e-commerce with customers,
and other financial functions)
Home office (access to corporate networks and e-mail to supplement work at a
primary office location)
Entertainment Activities:
Web surfing (as today, but at higher speeds with more video content)
Video-on-demand (movies and rerun or delayed television shows)
Video games (interactive multi-player games)

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Consumer Activities:
Shopping (as today, but at higher speeds with more video content)
Telemedicine (including remote doctor visits and remote medical analyses by
medical specialists)
Distance learning (including live and pre-recorded educational presentations)
Public services (including voting and electronic town hall meetings)
Information gathering (using the Web for non-entertainment purposes)
Photography (editing, distributing, and displaying of digital photographs)
Video conferencing among friends and family
These applications have different bandwidth requirements, and some of them are still
out of reach today. For example, all of the "professional" activities will likely be
supported with less than 1.0 Mbps of bandwidth. Similarly, web surfing and home
shopping will be supported with less than 1.0 Mbps of bandwidth.
Movies and video, however, demand more bandwidth. Feature length movies can
probably be delivered with 1.5 Mbps of bandwidth, but broadcast quality video will
probably require more— perhaps as much as 6.0 Mbps. Moreover, if high definition
television ("HDTV") is widely accepted as a new broadcast standard, that quality of
video would require almost 20.0 Mbps of bandwidth — much higher than the current
broadband technologies will support. Thus, although the technology is moving toward
flexible, high-quality video-on-demand, the necessary speed is probably still more
than a few years away from becoming a reality.
The Internet is poised to spin off thousands of specialized broadband services. The
access network needs to provide the platform for delivery of these services. Following
are the various applications or services, which are very popular in society and needs
broadband connectivity: -
Virtual Networks
The private virtual networks (LAN/WAN) can be used in an ample variety of
multimedia services, like bank accounts and central offices.
Education by distance
Education will not have any limits to reach from source to destination. Along with the
traditional school a concept of remote leaning center is emerged out and popular for
various courses. There is no limit of distance, area or location in such distance
learning. The student situated in the remote station can intervene directly to his class
with a double system via videoconference, whilst this happens, simultaneously, the
file ex change

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Telework
Organization firm workers that incorporate communication systems via satellite, can
work remotely connecting directly to their head offices Internet by a high speed
connection that permits users to work efficiently and comfortable.
Telemedicine
Doctors situated in different clinics can stay in contact and consult themselves directly
to other regional medical centers, using videoconference and the exchange of high
quality images, giving out test results and any type of information. Also rural zone
can have the opinion of specialists situated in remote hospitals quickly and efficiently.
Electronic commerce
Electronic commerce is a system that permits users to pay goods and services by
Internet. Thanks to this service, any person connected to the network can ad quire
such services with independence from the place that he is situated and during the 24
hours, simply using a portable computer.
Technology options for broadband services
Communication of data with different throughput is feasible by following
technologies: -
Narrow Band
2.4 kbps – 128kbps
Broadband
256kbps – 8000kbps
LAN
1000kbps – 100Mbps / Giga Ethernet Various Access Technologies
are used for the delivery of broadband services.
Broadband communications technology can be divided broadly in to following
categories: -
Wireline Technology
Wireless Technologies
Service providers according to available technology and access provide the broadband
services to customers. The access technologies that are adopted by the services
providers are mainly Optical Fiber Technologies, DSL on copper loop, Cable TV
Network, Satellite Media, cellular and fixed wireless, Terrestrial Wireless etc.
Technology options for broadband services may be classified according to the mode
of access.

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Wire line Technologies include

Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL) on copper loop
Optical Fiber Technologies
Cable TV Network
PLC (Power Line Communication
Wireless Technologies include
Satellite Media
Terrestrial Wireless
3G Mobile
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity)
WiMax
LMDS and MMDS
FSO (Free Space Optics)
Broadband Network
The broadband services reached to customer from the three providers. Basically these
are Service Provider, Network Provider and Access Provider. The role of Network
Provider is to provide the services offered to customer through the access extended by
Access Provider. There are various types of networks which are capable of
transmitting and managing the broadband traffic to desired nodes or locations.
Wireline access technology through DSL, Fiber, Cable etc are generally adopts:
IP based Network
ATM Network
Wireless access technology through Wi-Fi, Wi-Max. 3G mobile etc provides wireless
access to ingress point of any core network any migrates to Internet world.
Broadband technologies used in Asian countries
Broadband technologies go through two stages of development in Asian countries. In
the early stage, sharp technological divisions exist among players due to regulatory
constraints. There are various mode of access used by service providers in this field.
Following was the beginning scenario in various countries like Hong Kong, Malaysia,
Indonesia, India and Singapore: -
Basic Telecom service providers adopted the use of ISDN/DSL
CATV operators use cable modems
Competitive players use wireless technologies.
In the later stage of development, technological divisions are shaped by geography
and infrastructure. The broadband started establishing and due to a progressive
regulatory framework it has matured in the market. In the countries like Korea and
Philippines service providers employ several technologies for the broadband in their
networks.
DSL and cable modems are used where the PSTN and CATV are in place.
Where rainfall is light, an LMDS is used to serve densely populated areas with
little infrastructure and unwired business districts.

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Satellite is used to service rural areas where population densities are low
Once newer technologies are available in the market, ISDN becomes relatively less
important. Established telephone companies are calculating the economics of
converting the Last Mile of existing networks to all-digital systems. Hong Kong and
Singapore citizens already have broadband access, such as movies on demand,
through their local telecom network. Cable-TV operators, too, are venturing into high-
speed Internet access through modified networks and end-user "cable modems."
Advances in wireless communications means that people starts surfing the net with
cell phones at speeds comparable to or greater than current home access.
Summary
There are tremendous changes in the telecommunication technologies. With the
evolution of Internet telecom world has merged rapidly in computer network.
Broadband Internet connections allow users to download web pages and data many
times faster than conventional 'narrowband' Internet access. Broadband services are
'always-on' - the computer is connected to the Internet continuously. Users pay a flat
rate independent of how long they spend on the Internet or the amount of data
downloaded. Broadband users typically spend four times as long online as
narrowband customers and broadband take-up has been faster than many comparable
technologies, competitiveness. Broadband is needed in the present scenario due to
new technologies and emerging out various types of Data communication
applications.
It is around the Professional activities, Entertainment activities, and Consumer
Activities. These applications have different bandwidth requirements and most of
them need more bandwidth.
Various technologies are available to service providers by which they can extend the
Broadband services to customers. These technologies are mainly classified under two
categories i.e. Wire line and Wireless technologies. Existing infrastructure used to
access telecom services is exploits for broadband as an economical aspects and faster
development. DSL on copper loops, Optical fiber, cable TV are the popular
technologies for Broadband. World has also entered in the field of wireless to provide
the broadband through GSM, CDMA, LMDS, MMDS, WiMax and Wi-Fi.
The public sector will be one of the key drivers of broadband demand. Pooling
requirements from hospitals, schools etc. could permit more cost effective
procurement and stimulate broadband rollout.

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Review Questions
1. What do you understand with the term broadband?

2. What are the factors which are responsible for the evolution of broadband

3. What are the main technologies for providing the broadband

4. What is the technology adopted in your country

References
The National Academies Press ―Broadband: Bringing Home the Bits‖
Dutta-Roy, Amitava, "Cable: It's Not Just for TV," IEEE Spectrum, May 1999
FCC Resource Guide: ―Broadband Internet Access‖
http://www.fcc.gov/broadband/
http://www.ncseonline.org

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ADSL TECHNOLOGY
Overview
xDSL Refers collectively to all types of digital subscriber lines, in which the two
main categories: the asymmetric DSL (ADSL) and the symmetric DSL (SDSL).
Other important types of xDSL technologies are High-data-rate DSL (HDSL) and
Very high DSL (VDSL). xDSL is technology backed by telephone companies to
provide next generation high bandwidth services to the home and business using the
existing telephone cooper cabling infrastructure.
xDSL to the home over existing phone lines promises bandwidths up to theoretically
8.448 megabits per second and more, but distance limitations and line quality
conditions can reduce the data rate.
xDSL technologies uses a greater range of frequencies over the telephone cable than
the traditional telephone services have used. This in turn allows for greater bandwidth
with which to send and receive information, enabling for example continuous
transmission of motion video, audio, and even 3-D effects.
xDSL technology has evolved greatly over the past few years, and is still in
development toward achieving even a greater bandwidth as demand rises. Driving
this market is the competition from competing access providers for the consumers
hard earned cash.
History
Traditional phone service (sometimes called POTS for "plain old telephone service")
connects our home or small business to a telephone company office over copper wires
that are wound around each other and called twisted pair. Traditional phone service
was created to let you exchange voice information with other phone users and the type
of signal used for this kind of transmission is called an analog signal. An input device
such as a phone set takes an acoustic signal (which is a natural analog signal) and
converts it into an electrical equivalent in terms of volume (signal amplitude) and
pitch (frequency of wave change). That's why our computer has to have a modem - so
that it can demodulate the analog signal and turn its values into the string of 0 and 1
values that is called digital information.
Because analog transmission only uses a small portion of the available amount of
information that could be transmitted over copper wires, the maximum amount of data
that you can receive using ordinary modems is about 56 Kbps (With ISDN, which one
might think of as a limited precursor to DSL, you can receive up to 128 Kbps)
The ability of our computer to receive information is constrained by the fact that the
telephone company filters information that arrives as digital data, puts it into analog
form for our telephone line, and requires our modem to change it back into digital. In
other words, the analog transmission between our home or business and the phone
company is a bandwidth bottleneck.

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How does xDSL work

xDSL technology assumes digital data does not require change into analog form and
back. Digital data is transmitted to our computer directly as digital data and this
allows the phone company to use a much wider bandwidth for transmitting it to you.
Meanwhile, if one chooses, the signal can be separated so that some of the bandwidth
is used to transmit an analog signal so that you can use your telephone and computer
on the same line and at the same time.
In detail, xDSL utilizes more of the bandwidth on copper phone lines than what is
currently used for plain old telephone service (POTS). By utilizing frequencies above
the telephone bandwidth (300Hz to 3,400Hz), xDSL can encode more data to achieve
higher data rates than would otherwise be possible in the restricted frequency range of
a POTS network. Thanks to Advances in DSP technology combined with innovation
in algorithms and coding methods over the past few years, bandwidth utilization has
increased even more (varying from under 100kHz for narrow-band ISDN to over
10MHz for VDSL).
In order to utilize the frequencies above the voice audio spectrum, xDSL equipment
must be installed on both ends and the copper wire in between must be able to sustain
the higher frequencies for the entire route. This means that bandwidth limiting
devices such as loading coils must be removed or avoided.
Modulation Techniques (line codes)
QAM and CAP modulation
QAM ( Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) also known as I&Q modulation, is a
combination of amplitude modulation (data is represented by differing amplitudes)
and phase shift keying (data is represented by shifting each wave relative to the wave
that came before it).
In a QAM signal, there are two carriers, each having the same frequency but differing
in phase by 90 degrees (one quarter of a cycle, from which the term quadrature
arises). One signal is called the I signal, and the other is called the Q signal.
Mathematically, one of the signals can be represented by a sine wave, and the other
by a cosine wave. Each of the two carriers are modulated via two separate balanced
modulators (BM), and then combined (algebraically summed) at the source for
transmission. At the destination, the carriers are separated; the data is extracted from
each, and then combined into the original modulating information.
CAP (Carrierless amplitude/phase) modulation, which was the original approach for
DSL (and the choice of many modems manufacturers in the past), produce the same
form of signal as QAM, without requiring in-phase and quadrature components of the
carrier to first be generated.

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Figure 1 . Conceptual CAP transmitter

The Constellation Encoder maps the incoming data into two stream a1..an and b1..bn.
Those streams are then passed to the two filters which are designed so that their
impulse response form a hilbert pair( i.e. one signal is phase-shifted by 90 degree
regarding the other).
CAP splits the data into two bit streams and alters both symbol rate and modulation
levels to change the bit rate, causing modems to be symbol rate adaptive to varying
line condition. The carrier itself is suppressed before transmission (it contains no
information, and can be reconstructed at the receiver), hence the adjective carrierless.
CAP also uses frequency division multiplexing to eliminate the need for echo
cancellation techniques.
Another advantage is the cost element implementing the technology, which is
relatively low.

DMT modulation

DMT ( Discrete MultiTone ) is a version of multicarrier modulation in which the data

is distributed over a large number of subcarriers, or channels, each of which uses a
form of QAM modulation.
DMT modems divide the downstream bandwidth into 256 channels of 4 kHz each,
and can transmit up to 15 bits/Hz in each channel. The modems can adapt to different
impairments in different lines by evaluating the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in each
subchannel and sending more data in those with higher quality.

Figure 2 . Conceptual DMT transmitter

The input data is buffered, and each bit is assigned or mapped into one of
N complex (QAM) multi-level sub-channel symbols by the DMT symbol encoder.
Since these are complex numbers, they can be treated as discrete frequency-domain
representation of the signal. using IFFT we can convert it to its time-domain
representation (the receiver will use FFT to convert it back). The resulting time
domain function is then sent serially through the D/A converter and line filter.
DMT upstream and downstream channels overlap; therefore, echo cancellation
techniques are needed. Discrete Wavelet Multitone (DWMT), a developmental
variant of DMT, will provide better subchannel isolation by using a digital wavelet
transform instead of the Fourier transform used in standard DMT.
DMT xDSL transceivers based on the Standard have been proven to provide high-
grade performance in the field, are more reliable, and considered the preferred
Modulation Technique for DSL.

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FMT modulation
FMT ( Filtered MultiTone) is a multicarrier modulation scheme which can be viewed
as a combination of the other two methods. The modulation is achieved by splitting
the data into several streams, each of them applied to one of the inputs of a filter-
bank. Because of implementation complexity, the number of channels is considerably
less than in DMT.

Figure 3 . Conceptual FMT transmitter

The input goes through an IFFT module, and then filtered by an FIR filter.
At the end it goes serial using P/S converter. one of its main advantages is that the
frequency band provided is better utilized in the border parts of the spectrum designed
for individual transmission direction, where in the case of DMT losses in the
transmission rate occur. The out of band emission is eliminated almost completely.
FMT plays the rule of a strong candidate for the VDSL modulation method.

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BROADBAND REMOTE ACCESS SERVER

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BROADBAND REMOTE ACCESS SERVER

Objectives
The objectives of this chapter is to examine
To understand what is Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS)
To understand the Function of BRAS
To understand the Architecture of BRAS
To familiarize with the various components of BRAS
To familiarize with the configuration of BRAS
Introduction
Broadband Access Server (BAS) or sometimes called Broadband Remote Access
Server (B-RAS) is a new technology application which allows the development and
deployment of large scale IP (Internet Protocol) based network and services including
the implementation of carrier class IP based VPN (Virtual Private Network) solutions.
Broadband Access Server is the brain and head end unit for the DSL (Digital
Subscriber Line) network and services providing the intelligence to the DSL or IP
VPN network to cater the customers with multiple broadband services, network and
applications.
Broadband remote access server (BRAS) routes traffic to and from the digital
subscriber line access multiplexers on an Internet service providers (ISP) network.
The BRAS is located in the network as interface between Access Provider and
Network Provider for the broadband services offered to customer. The Broadband
Remote Access Server (BRAS) located at the core of an Internet Service Providers
network, and aggregates user sessions from the access network. It manages the
broadband services policy management and IP Quality of Service (QoS).
Concept of BRAS
The concept of many-to-many access is a fundamental aspect for the management of
traffic from various access points to the core. The equipment utilized in the network
for this purpose having these capabilities of Access Server is termed as Broadband
Remote Access Server. The Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS) is
fundamental to support the service provider and bridge the network provider and
access provider. BRAS device provides greater flexibility and scalability. The BRAS
can perform several logical functions as it aggregates user sessions from the access
network. In addition to providing basic aggregation capabilities, the BRAS is also the
injection point for providing policy management and IP Quality of Service (QoS) in
the Regional and Access Networks.
The broadband service access through DSL technology emerged a concept of
providing an enhance capacity to transmit large quantities of electronic signals
(including data, video, text & voice) rapidly.
Broadband Access Server aims to overcome the inherent deficiencies of the
broadband network technology, such as poor user management capability, poor
service control capability, and unreliable network security.
Overview of Broadband Remote Access Server

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Broadband equipments from M/s Huawei and Utstarcom are implemented in BSNL
core network for broadband services. M/s Huawei supplied BRAS, MA5200G, is
based on the architecture of the advanced fifth-generation router adopts high-
performance Network Processors (NPs) and large-scale Application Specific
Integrated Circuits (ASICs), and features high forwarding performance and flexible
service processing capabilities.
The MA5200G provides powerful user management and service control functions,
including flexible and leading user access technologies, user authentication and
management, security guarantee, user-based and policy-based access control, QoS
guarantee, multicast management, and so on. The MA5200G can also provide
sufficient accounting information and support multiple accounting modes.
The MA5200G is applicable to various access networks, including Ethernet, x Digital
Subscriber Line (xDSL) network, Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial (HFC) network, and Wireless
LAN (WLAN). It provides the functions of user management, accounting control,
address management, service control, and security management with carrier-class
reliability.
The MA5200G is located at the access layer or convergence layer of a network which
requires user management and security management. It implements control and
management of users (subscribers), and provides various functions such as user
management, authentication, accounting, address management, and security control.
The MA5200G can be widely applied in the carrier‘s Metropolitan Area Networks
(MANs), government data networks, enterprise networks and intelligent office
buildings to satisfy different requirements for user management and network security.
BSNL has commissioned a world class, multi-gigabit, multi-protocol, convergent IP
infrastructure through National Internet Backbone–II (NIB-II), that will provide
convergent services through the same backbone and broadband access network. The
Broadband services are available on DSL technology (on the same copper cable that
is used for connecting telephone), on a countrywide basis spanning 198 cities under
NIB-II Project 2.2
The location of BBRAS in the core infrastructure is shown below in which the
broadband services are deployed through DSL technology.
Architecture Of Broadband Remote Access Server
Broadband Remote Access Server MA5200G has the following production models: -
MA5200G-8
MA5200G-4
MA5200G-2
The MA5200G adopts compact chassis structure and can be installed in a 19-inch
standard rack or placed on the desktop.

Hardware Architecture
The hardware structure includes the following:-
Integrated chassis

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The MA5200G uses a 19-inch standard chassis, which is integrated with one
high-speed passive backplane, two power modules and one fan module. All
the boards, power modules and fan module of the MA5200G can be plugged
in or pulled out from the front of the chassis, and all the interfaces are
provided in the front of the chassis, thus facilitating maintenance.
Passive backplane
Fan module
Power modules
Boards.
The MA5200G-8 has a dimension of 482.6mm 420mm 797.3mm (width depth
height).

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The MA5200G-8 adopts vertical board design and front lead-out cabling mode. That
is, all the boards of the MA5200G-8 are plugged in vertically, and all the cables are
led out from the front of the chassis. The MA5200G-8 provides two SMU slots and
eight SFU slots. As a high-performance broadband access server, the MA5200G-8 is
specially used for broadband user access and service control on large-scale networks.
It has a 256Gbps high-speed backplane, and is configured with 64Gbps high-speed
switching and forwarding engines (SMUs). With "1+1" redundancy backup
capabilities, the SMUs can achieve high reliability. The eight SFU slots of the
MA5200G-8 are compatible with all the service boards of the MA5200G series
The MA5200G series adopt the hardware structure, as shown below: -
Hardware structure of the MA5200G
The MA5200G adopts non-blocking switching structure, so non-blocking data switch
can be realized between all the interfaces of the equipment. In addition, by separating
the data channel from the management bus, it ensures that data packets are separated
from control packets.
The MA5200G uses distributed multiprocessor framework and distributed network
processors, thereby ensuring high performance for the system and high flexibility for
the services.
With carrier-class reliability, the MA5200G is designed with a passive backplane,
redundant system management modules, redundant power modules and fans to ensure
the high availability of the system.
Hardware configuration of Broadband Remote Access Server, MA5200G, is designed
as given below: -
Passive backplane and bus redundancy
The system uses a high-reliability passive backplane. Moreover, it has two
system management buses, which work in "1+1" redundancy hot backup
mode.
Redundant system management modules
The SMU module includes an independent main control system, the switching
system and the clock system. With SMU redundancy backup capabilities, the
MA5200G-8 and MA5200G-4 can be optionally configured with one or two
SMU modules. When two SMU modules are configured, the two SMUs
respectively work in active and standby mode. The active SMU implements all
the functions this module, whereas, the standby SMU only communicates with
the active SMU for the purposes of keep alive contact and data backup. When
the active SMU becomes faulty or is reset, the standby SMU will immediately
take over all the work of the active SMU, and act as the active board.

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Redundant power modules

The MA5200G is configured with two power modules, which work in "1+1"
redundancy hot backup mode. The power modules support hot plugging. The
administrator can replace a power module without powering off the
equipment.
Redundant fans
The MA5200G series provide different fan redundancy backup capabilities.
For the MA5200G-8, "4+2" redundancy backup is supported. For the
MA5200G-4, "2+2" redundancy backup is supported. For the MA5200G-2,
"1+1" redundancy backup is supported.
Hot-pluggable SFUs
The SFU modules are hot pluggable.
Reliability indexes
MTBF is 44/33/12 years. MTTR 30 minutes.
Board structure
SMU module
The MA5200G series can selectively use multiple kinds of system management
modules. It supports the following SMU modules: -

SMU module Description

With 64Gbps switching capabilities, it can be used on all

SMU
MA5200G platforms.

With 16Gbps switching capabilities, it can only be used on the

SMUC
MA5200G-2 platform.

The SMU module provides one debugging network port and two debugging serial
ports to the outside.

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SFU module
A high-performance network processor (NP) is adopted in the SFU module of the
MA5200G.

CPU Control
(Control) channel

Control
Internal
channel
interface

Extermal Data
NP Data
interface channel (Policy-based
channel
forwarding)
Structure
of the SFU module
The SFU module is composed of the CPU subsystem and NP subsystem. The CPU
subsystem is responsible for the processing of routing protocols, user access control
packets and user access procedures. Besides, it manages the SFU module, and
controls the user service management policies of the NP subsystem. The NP
subsystem processes user data packets according to the defined policies, and queries
the routing table for packet forwarding.
The NP-based system has three characteristics:
High performance
Service flexibility
Complicated service processing capabilities.
The MA5200G can provide various types of interfaces through different SFU
modules.
Ethernet interfaces
ATM interfaces
POS interfaces.
Ethernet interface
The Fast Ethernet (FE) and Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interfaces supported by the
MA5200G are described below: -

SFU
Description
module

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8-port 100M Ethernet electrical interface circuit board (100m,

CR-EG8FE
RJ45)

8-port 100M Ethernet optical interface circuit board (single

CR-EG8FS
mode, 1310nm, 15km, LC)

CR- 8-port 100M Ethernet optical interface circuit board

EG8FM (multimode, 1310nm, 2km, LC)

16-port 100M Ethernet electrical interface circuit board (100m,

CR-EGFE
RJ45)

16-port 100M Ethernet optical interface circuit board (single

CR-EGFS
mode, 1310nm, 15km, LC)

16-port 100M Ethernet optical interface circuit board

CR-EGFM
(multimode, 1310nm, 2km, LC)

CR-E1GC 1-port GE optical interface circuit board (GBIC)

CR-E2GC 2-port GE optical interface circuit board (GBIC)

CR-E4GC 4-port GE optical interface circuit board (GBIC)

ATM interface
ATM interfaces supported by the MA5200G is given below: -
.

SFU
Description
module

CR- 4-port 155M ATM optical interface circuit board (multimode,

A4CM 1310nm, 2km, LC)

CR- 4-port 155M ATM optical interface circuit board (single mode,
A4CS 1310nm, 15km, LC)

CR- 8-port 155M ATM optical interface circuit board (multimode,

A8CM 1310nm, 2km, LC)

CR- 8-port 155M ATM optical interface circuit board (single mode,
A8CS 1310nm, 15km, LC)

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POS interface
The POS interfaces supported by the MA5200G are given below: -

SFU
Description
module

4-port 155M POS optical interface circuit board

(multimode, 1310nm, 2km, LC)

4-port 155M POS optical interface circuit board (single

mode, 1310nm, 15km, LC)

2-port 622M POS optical interface circuit board

(multimode, 1310nm, 500m, SC)

2-port 622M POS optical interface circuit board (single

mode, 1310nm, 15km, SC)
POS
Interface
1-port 2.5G POS optical interface circuit board
(multimode, 1310nm, 2km, LC)

1-port 2.5G POS optical interface circuit board (single

mode, 1310nm, 15km, LC)

1-port 2.5G POS optical interface circuit board (single

mode, 1310nm, 40km, LC)

1-port 2.5G POS optical interface circuit board (single

mode, 1550nm, 70km, LC)

Software Architecture
The MA5200G logically consists of three modules: -
Service management module
Routing forward control module
Service control module
Service management module
The Service Management Unit (SMU) module includes the main control system, the
switching system and the clock system. As the core module of the system, this module
mainly provides the functions of system management, equipment maintenance,
routing management, data switch, and the provisioning of clock signals. It is an
indispensable module of the MA5200G, and supports hot plugging and "1+1" hot
backup.
The functions of this module mainly include managing equipment, managing system
resources, monitoring the system running status, providing a control interface (such as
command line, Telnet and NM interface), and providing the functions of logging,
alarm management, patching, loading, and so on.

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Routing forward control module

The Service Forwarding Unit (SFU) module provides the functions of user access
control, user management and service forwarding. Besides, it provides various
network interfaces. It adopts a high-performance NP to satisfy the requirements of
flexibility and high performance of the services
By processing routing information and the user access information of the service
control module, the routing forward control module establishes a routing and control
policy for the user service packets. Based on such information, the NP forwards the
packets at a high speed. At the same time, it implements control policies such as
access control, traffic control, congestion control, Priority Queue (PQ) scheduling and
Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee.
Service control module
This module is responsible for authentication and management of user access
requests. It identifies legal users, and according to user configuration information, it
sets up a connection information table for the other modules to manage users. The
connection information table includes such items as the access control list, user
priority, and committed access rate. In addition, this module can extract and record
the statistics of user data packets and online duration for implementing the traffic-
based or duration-based accounting function.
APPLICATION OF THE BROADBAND REMOTE ACCESS
SERVER (MA5200G)

The MA5200G connects with various kinds of layer-2 access equipment through the Ethernet/ATM
interfaces, and implements access control and management of users as shown in figure in last page.

A
ccess
via
Ether
net
A
ccess
via
WLA
N
A
ccess
via
ADS
L
A
ccess
via
VDS
L

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Access via HFC

Access via Ethernet
Broadband users can access the network through LAN Switches (such as Huawei
Quidway S3050/S3026/S3026E/S3026F/S2000), while leased line users can access
the network through router equipment (such as Huawei R2600 and R3600). In this
mode, users can access the network through the layer 2 switches directly connected
with the MA5200G, or through corridor switches which are first converged by the
convergence switch before connecting to the MA5200G.
Access via WLAN
Users can access the network through Access Point (AP) equipment (such as Huawei
Quidway WA1006/WA1006+/WA1005). This mode is applicable to wireless access
users in hotspot areas, such as airports, hotels, office buildings, and exhibition centers.
Access via ADSL
Users can access the network through Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers
(DSLAMs, such as Huawei Quidway MA5100 and MA5300). In this mode, the
MA5200G connects with IP DSLAMs through Ethernet interfaces, or connects with
ATM DSLAMs through ATM interfaces.
Access via VDSL
Users can access the network through Very High Speed DSL (VDSL) switches (such
as Huawei Quidway S3026V and SmartAX MA5300). This mode can be applied in
areas where the existing twisted pair cable resources are available.
Access via HFC
Users can access the network through Cable Modem Terminal System (CMTS)
equipment (such as Huawei SmartAX MA5800).
On the network side, the MA5200G can connect with various kinds of layer-3
equipment at the core layer or convergence layer via FE/GE/ATM/POS interfaces.
Such layer-3 equipment includes layer-3 switches (for example, the high end layer 3
switches of Huawei Quidway S8016/S8505 series) and routers.
Service Functions
The MA5200G provides powerful user management and service control functions,
including flexible and leading user access technologies, user authentication and
management, security guarantee, user-based and policy-based access control, QoS
guarantee, multicast management, and so on. The MA5200G can also provide
sufficient accounting information and support multiple accounting modes.
Route Forwarding
Based on the architecture of the advanced fifth-generation router, the MA5200G
adopts high-performance NPs and large-scale ASICs as its hardware forwarding
engine. It supports various routing protocols and has high forwarding capabilities.
Supporting various routing protocols, including static routing, RIP1/2, OSPF
V2, BGP4, IS-IS, PIM-SM, PIM-DM, MBGP, MSDP, and IGMP V1/V2.
Supporting up to 256K unicast routes and 10K multicast routes.

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Supporting the Label Distribute Protocol (LDP) and Multi-protocol Label

Switching (MPLS), supporting 10K Label Switch Paths (LSPs) in total.
Supporting the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
The MA5200G-2 has 6Mpps forwarding capabilities.
The MA5200G-4 has 12Mpps forwarding capabilities.
The MA5200G-8 has 24Mpps forwarding capabilities.
User Access
The MA5200G provides Ethernet interfaces and ATM interfaces. It supports various
access technologies, such as Ethernet, xDSL, HFC and WLAN access, as shown in
Access technologies
In actual networking, it is recommended that the MA5200G be connected downstream
to the layer-2 access equipment that supports the IEEE 802.1Q protocol (that is,
support VLANs). The MA5200G uses the port VLANs of a layer 2 switch or ATM
PVCs to extend limited physical ports, and thereby forms logical ports that are
identified by ―port+VLAN/PVC‖. It is considered that all users access the MA5200G
through these logical ports.
The MA5200G extends ports through VLANs/PVCs. In actual networking, VLANs
should be planned in detail according to the required management granularity, so that
intensive user management can be achieved.
Each Ethernet port of the MA5200G supports 4K VLANs, while each ATM port
supports 2K PVCs. The VLANs/PVCs of different ports can be overlapped, as shown
in figure below: -

MA5200G MA5200G

PORT1 PORT2

LAN Switch
PORT1 PORT1 PORT2 PORT2
VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN1 VLAN2 +VLAN1 +VLAN2 +VLAN1 +VLAN2

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Logical ports
Through the logical ports, the MA5200G can effectively control and manage the
access of users. According to various access technologies and access requirements,
the MA5200G supports the two types of users.
 Individual user
It is mainly the user that directly accesses the MA5200G through a layer 2
network. For this type of user, the MA5200G records the user's IP address, MAC
address and VLAN ID. Moreover, each user has independent service attributes,
and is authenticated and charged separately.
 Leased line user
It is mainly a group of users that access the MA5200G through a layer 2 or layer
3 network. Such users share the same service attributes, and are authenticated and
charged in a unified manner.

User Authentication
The MA5200G supports the following user authentication modes.
Binding authentication
In this mode, the MA5200G detects a user‘s access request, and directly
generates an account for authentication automatically according to the access
port and VLAN/PVC information. For the user, there is no explicit
authentication process. The user can get offline by turning off the computer or
disconnecting from the network. This mode is applicable to users that get
online from fixed ports.

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Web authentication
In this mode, after accessing the Web authentication page through a Web
browser, a user must enter the user name and password, and the MA5200G
will authenticate the user according to the input information. Before
authentication, the user accessing any other Web page can be forcibly
redirected to the Web authentication page.
Fast authentication
In this mode, after accessing the Web authentication page through a Web
browser, a user can directly click the button for authentication, and the
MA5200G will automatically generate an account for authentication
according to the access port and VLAN information.
PPP authentication
Based on the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), the MA5200G authenticates
users through the Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) or the Challenge
Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). For the Ethernet and ATM
access technologies, the MA5200G supports dial-up authentication through
PPPoE, PPPoEoA and PPPoA, and can automatically differentiate PPPoEoA
and PPPoA.
For different users, flexible authentication modes can be selected, and can be
configured on each port. Moreover, on the same port, the MA5200G supports PPP
authentication, Web authentication, and fast Web authentication.
The MA5200G supports remote authentication based on the standard Remote
Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) protocol and the Extended RADIUS
protocol. Working with an external authentication server, the MA5200G can
implement PAP and CHAP authentication functions.
User Accounting
The MA5200G can accurately collect a user‘s accounting information, including
online duration and traffic volume. It also supports the accounting information carbon
copy (cc) function.
The MA5200G can send the user's accounting information to the RADIUS server
through the RADIUS protocol or the Extended RADIUS protocol. It supports interim
accounting, and thereby ensures the accuracy of accounting information. It also
supports the accounting protection mechanism. Through redundancy, backup,
handshake detection, retransmission, and local storage of CDRs, the MA5200G
ensures that no CDR will be lost and no error CDR will be generated in the case of a
link fault.
The MA5200G supports various accounting policies, including no charging, postpaid
charging and prepaid charging.
For the prepaid service, the MA5200G supports duration-based prepaid service and
traffic-based prepaid service. Working with the RADIUS server, the MA5200G can
implement comprehensive prepaid service that is based on both duration and traffic,
and can support the switching of charging rates in different time segments.
For a virtual carrier (for example, in the IP Hotel service, a hotel can be regarded as a
virtual carrier), the MA5200G provides the accounting information cc function. The

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

MA5200G can send a copy to the virtual carrier when it sends accounting information
to the carrier. It supports two cc modes, that is, the cc mechanism can either be based
on the virtual ISP of a user, or based on an access logical port (port+VLAN/PVC).
User Management
The MA5200G can greatly enhance the granularity of user control and management
based on the logical ports (port+VLAN/PVC).
Based on the logical ports, the MA5200G can control and manage users in the
following aspects.
Access user types on the logical ports: The MA5200G can specify access user
types for the logical ports, such as WLAN user, ADSL user and Ethernet user.
Moreover, it can apply different control policies to various users, and report
the user types to the authentication and accounting server, so that the users can
be charged at different rates.
Authentication modes on the logical ports: The MA5200G supports multiple
authentication modes on the same logical port, and can also restrict the
authentication modes based on the logical ports. On the MA5200G,
appropriate authentication modes can be selected for different users.
Quantity of access users using the logical ports: Based on this function, the
MA5200G can effectively prevent the access of spoofing users, and
effectively protect network resources such as address resources.
User access based on the logical ports: The MA5200G can automatically
identify the users that access the network through the logical ports. And
according to the port attributes, the MA5200G can automatically authenticate
the users and provide access services.
Leased line access based on the logical ports: The MA5200G supports leased
line access based on the logical ports. Moreover, the MA5200G can have an
appropriate control over the leased line users.
Quantity of online users sharing the same account: Assisted by the RADIUS
server, the MA5200G can limit the quantity of online users that share the same
account.
Binding user accounts based on the logical ports: Assisted by the RADIUS
server, the MA5200G can bind accounts with the logical ports, thus effectively
preventing illegal use of user accounts (for example, preventing the user
accounts of the monthly-fee charging policy from being used by other types of
users).
User group based access: The MA5200G can classify users into different
UCL-groups, and apply different Access Control List (ACL) rules to various
UCL-groups. Thereby, for user access control, group management can be
achieved effectively.
User group based mutual access: The MA5200G can classify users into
different mutual access control groups (InterGroup). The mutual access
authorities within an Inter Group and between Inter Groups are configurable.
Thereby, for user mutual access control, group management can be achieved
effectively.
Bandwidth: The MA5200G provides Committed Access Rates (CARs) in the
up and down line transmission for the access users. For the leased line users, it

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can implement centralized control over the traffic of all the access users under
the leased line.
Address Management
The MA5200G allows a user to access the network with a configured static IP address
or with a dynamic IP address. For the users that obtain IP addresses dynamically, the
MA5200G can manage the dynamic IP addresses through its built-in address
management function.
The MA5200G can organize IP addresses into address pools for management. The
MA5200G has defined two kinds of address pools:
Local address pool: It is configured on the MA5200G and is managed by the
MA5200G itself. The MA5200G is responsible for address management,
including allocation, renewing, and reclaiming.
Remote address pool: It is managed by an external DHCP/BOOTP server. The
MA5200G initiates a request to the external DHCP/BOOTP server on behalf
of the user or relays the user‘s request. In this way, the user can request an IP
address, and can renew or release the IP address.
The MA5200G supports the built-in DHCP server, DHCP relay and DHCP proxy, and
provides the address pool management function. It can allocate an address to the user
from the local address pool or remote address pool. In addition, under the support of
the MA5200G, the IP address can be allocated to the user through the RADIUS
server.
For a layer-2 access user, the MA5200G can allocate an IP address through DHCP or
BOOTP. The MA5200G can act as the DHCP server to allocate an IP address to the
user from the local address pool, and can also act as the DHCP relay to allocate an IP
address to the user from the external DHCP server.
For a PPP dial-up access user, the MA5200G allocates an IP address through IPCP.
This address can either be allocated by the RADIUS server, or be allocated from the
local address pool. In addition, the MA5200G can act as the DHCP proxy to obtain an
address for the user from the external DHCP server.
The MA5200G supports up to 4K address pools, and can maximally manage 96K IP
addresses in the local and remote address pools.
Security Management
The MA5200G can perform security management for access users, protect network
resources, and provide basic guarantee for carrying out other network security
measures.
The MA5200G adopts special packet binding check technology. After a user passes
authentication, the MA5200G checks the binding relation of the IP address, MAC
address, logical port (port+VLAN/PVC) and PPPoE session ID in each packet of this
user, and the packets that do not match will be discarded. In this way, the MA5200G
can completely prevent various spoofing attempts, thus ensuring basic network
security.
The MA5200G provides sophisticated ACL functions, including standard ACL,
Extended ACL (EACL), and user-based ACL (UCL) rules. The standard ACL rule is
based on the destination IP address and mask. The EACL rule is based on a quintuple

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(source IP address, destination IP address, protocol number, source layer 4 port

number, and destination layer 4 port number).
The UCL is an EACL based on the user access group number, and can be classified
into inter-group access control and user-net access control. All the ACL rules support
incoming port and incoming VLAN based filtration, as well as time segment based
filtration. The carrier can control and apply ACL rules by time segment and port.
Based on user authentication, the MA5200G can grant access authorities and mutual
access authorities to users. Compared with the standard ACL and EACL, the control
in this mode is more rigorous, whereas, also more flexible.
The MA5200G protects the local host and network resources in three modes.
Resource protection
Because there is no security mechanism in the existing DHCP protocol, the
DHCP server can easily suffer Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. The
MA5200G limits the number of users per port, and each user can only request
one IP address. Thereby, the address resources on the DHCP server can be
protected effectively.
Rate limiting
The MA5200G can implement rate limiting based on physical ports, MAC
addresses, IP addresses, and user accounts. Through rate limiting, the
MA5200G ensures that no user can maliciously occupy bandwidth.
Access control
Through the standard ACL or EACL, the MA5200G implements fine control
over user access authorities. Based on the user access control policies, the
MA5200G classifies users into different groups for management.
Multicast Management
Multicast is a kind of bandwidth-saving technology. In multicast transmission, the
multicast source only sends information once, and the information stream is
simultaneously sent to multiple receivers, thereby reducing the network traffic and
alleviating the load on the server.
The destination address of a multicast packet is a class D IP address which ranges
from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255, and this address is identified by the most
significant four bits 1110. Class D addresses cannot appear in the source IP address
field of the IP packet. Each multicast address stands for a multicast group, and not a
host.
In the unicast transmission mode, there is only one receiver for each data packet, and
the data packet is sent hop by hop from the source address to the destination address.
However, in the IP multicast environment, there are a group of destination addresses
in the multicast data packet, which form a multicast group address. All the receivers
of the same information join a group. After the information receivers join the group,
all the group members can receive the data packet. Therefore, to receive a multicast
data packet, a user must first become a group member, whereas, the multicast source
is not necessarily a group member. In the multicast environment, the data is only sent
to the multicast group members, and will not be received by other users. The members
of a multicast group are dynamic, and each member can join or exit the multicast

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group at any time. There is no limit to the location and quantity of members. Each
host can belong to one or more multicast groups.
The MA5200G supports various multicast protocols, including PIM-SM, PIM-DM,
MBGP, MSDP and IGMP V1/V2. It supports the multicast service, providing a basis
for application of broadband value-added services such as Web TV.
After receiving a user‘s request for joining an IGMP multicast group, the MA5200G
directly adds this user to the multicast group. At the same time, it establishes a
multicast tree to the multicast source through the multicast protocol. For the multicast
service, it is required that the lower-layer switch should support the IGMP Snooping
protocol.
QoS Guarantee
The MA5200G has perfect QoS, and supports the Differentiated Services (DiffServ)
model.
The MA5200G supports eight levels of user priorities, and can schedule and forward
user packets based on the priorities. It also supports the mapping between Class of
Service (CoS) codes and Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) codes.
According to different user priorities, differentiated services will be carried out by the
layer 2 access equipment based on 802.1p and by the layer 3 routers based on DSCP.
For user data packets, the MA5200G supports complex traffic classification. And
according to the classification result, it can provide differentiated services to the same
user, thus enhancing the QoS capability of the system.
The MA5200G supports CARs. On the MA5200G, the peak rate, average rate and
basic rate can be configured for users. According to the configured parameters, the
MA5200G can limit the traffic rate for a user. The range of control is 8Kbps to
1Gbps. The bandwidth control granularity is 8Kbps.
The MA5200G supports six levels of priority queues. It provides differentiated
services and implements traffic shaping for the AF1–AF4, EF and BE services. The
MA5200G supports 802.3x-based traffic control, and the Weight Random Early
Detection (WRED) algorithm. Thereby, congestion can be avoided from occurrence.
Summary
Broadband Remote Access Servers (B-RAS) are multi service platforms installed at
the edge of the network, upstream of the DSLAM, to terminate PPP sessions from the
customer premises, maintain quality of service (QOS), enforce class of service (COS),
provision services, and provide a central collection point for data that can be used to
bill customers for their network and service usage. B-RAS equipment often started
life as something else -- an edge router, IP service switch, subscriber management
system, or even a plain old ATM switch.
Broadband Remote Access Servers (B-RAS) connects with various kinds of layer 2
access equipment through the Ethernet/ATM interfaces, and implements access
control and management of users.
BRAS provides more flexible service provisioning because subscriber services can be
handled within a single managed network, rather than being provisioned on a one-to-
one basis through to the NSP or ASP.

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On the access side, the BRAS provide an aggregation point for a variety of services.
These include traditional ATM-based offerings and newer, more native IP-based
services, such as support for Point-to-Point Protocol over ATM (PPPoA), PPP over
Ethernet (PPPoE) and direct IP services encapsulated over an appropriate Layer 2
transport.
The NSP and ASP connections can support an assortment of high bandwidth
connections. At the physical layer this could be: traditional DS1/E1 through to
DS3/E3; SONET or SDH capabilities; OC3c/STM1 through to OC48c/STM16; and
10/100/1000 Ethernet (physical layer), for hosting and co-location for example.
Numerous options, including ATM, must be supported at the data link level, Layer 2,
to maintain compatibility with existing systems, Ethernet, Packet Over SONET (POS)
and Frame Relay.
As these services are predominantly IP-based, the BRAS must perform basic IP-
routed network functions, very similar to those of an edge router. This includes
support for Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Border Gateway Protocol Type 4
(BGP4), along with traffic engineering functions. As traffic is increasingly aggregated
into high speed uplink connections to NSPs and ASPs, Multi-Protocol Label
Switching (MPLS) can provide traffic engineering characteristics, and, in conjunction
with BGP4, Provider Provisioned VPNS (PP-VPNs).
BRAS performed these functions with the help of System Management module and
Service Forwarding module.
The BRAS concept described above has been placed in the context of DSL access.
However, it is easy to see that as new services are introduced, the range of features
supported by BRAS applies to any type of access technology. These could include
cable, wireless, Wi-Fi and WiMAX. New services will include: multicast video and
audio services incorporating video on demand; interactive gaming; network-based
security features that reside alongside traditional voice and best-effort Internet access.

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REVIEW QUESTIONS
What is the role of Broadband Access Server?
Where the BRAS is located?
What are the main components of BRAS?
What are the service functions of BRAS?
What are the different applications of BRAS?
References
M/s Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. ―Broadband Access Server Operation
Manual‖ http://www.huawei.com
http://www.greenberg.on.ca/

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OVERVIEW OF TIER –I & TIER –II SWITCH

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OVERVIEW OF TIER –I & TIER –II SWITCH

Switching Technologies
The switch has the potential to radically change the way nodes communicate with
each other. Switches usually work at Layer 2 (Data or Data link) of the OSI
Reference Model, using MAC addresses, while routers work at Layer 3 (Network)
with Layer 3 addresses (IP, IPX or AppleTalk, depending on which Layer 3 protocols
are being used). The algorithm that switches use to decide how to forward packets is
different from the algorithms used by routers to forward packets. One of these
differences in the algorithms between switches and routers is how broadcasts are
handled. On any network, the concept of a broadcast packet is vital to the operability
of a network. Whenever a device needs to send out information but doesn't know who
it should send it to, it sends out a broadcast. For example, every time a new computer
or other device comes on to the network, it sends out a broadcast packet to announce
its presence. The other nodes (such as a domain server) can add the computer to their
browser list (kind of like an address directory) and communicate directly with that
computer from that point on. Broadcasts are used any time a device needs to make an
announcement to the rest of the network or is unsure of who the recipient of the
information should be.
A hub or a switch will pass along any broadcast packets they receive to all the other
segments in the broadcast domain, but a router will not. Think about our four-way
intersection again: All of the traffic passed through the intersection no matter where it
was going. Now imagine that this intersection is at an international border. To pass
through the intersection, you must provide the border guard with the specific address
that you are going to. If you don't have a specific destination, then the guard will not
let you pass. A router works like this. Without the specific address of another device,
it will not let the data packet through. This is a good thing for keeping networks
separate from each other, but not so good when you want to talk between different
parts of the same network.
LAN switches rely on packet switching. The switch establishes a connection between
two segments just long enough to send the current packet. Incoming packets (part of
an Ethernet frame) are saved to a temporary memory area (buffer); the MAC address
contained in the frame's header is read and then compared to a list of addresses
maintained in the switch's lookup table. In an Ethernet-based LAN, an Ethernet
frame contains a normal packet as the payload of the frame, with a special header that
includes the MAC address information for the source and destination of the packet.
Packet-based switches use one of three methods for routing traffic:
Cut-through
Store-and-forward
Fragment-free
Cut-through switches read the MAC address as soon as a packet is detected by the
switch. After storing the 6 bytes that make up the address information, they
immediately begin sending the packet to the destination node, even as the rest of the
packet is coming into the switch.
A switch using store-and-forward will save the entire packet to the buffer and check
it for CRC errors or other problems before sending. If the packet has an error, it is

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discarded. Otherwise, the switch looks up the MAC address and sends the packet on
to the destination node. Many switches combine the two methods, using cut-through
until a certain error level is reached and then changing over to store-and-forward.
Very few switches are strictly cut-through, since this provides no error correction.
A less common method is fragment-free. It works like cut-through except that it
stores the first 64 bytes of the packet before sending it on. The reason for this is that
most errors, and all collisions, occur during the initial 64 bytes of a packet.
LAN switches vary in their physical design. Currently, there are three popular
configurations in use:
Shared memory - This type of switch stores all incoming packets in a
common memory buffer shared by all the switch ports (input/output
connections), then sends them out via the correct port for the destination node.
Matrix - This type of switch has an internal grid with the input ports and the
output ports crossing each other. When a packet is detected on an input port,
the MAC address is compared to the lookup table to find the appropriate
output port. The switch then makes a connection on the grid where these two
ports intersect.
Bus architecture - Instead of a grid, an internal transmission path (common
bus) is shared by all of the ports using TDMA. A switch based on this
configuration has a dedicated memory buffer for each port, as well as an ASIC
to control the internal bus access.

Implementation of TIER – I & TIER – II Switch

Broadband connectivity is extended to these DSLAM through the core network via
the LAN switch. These switches are provided at Tier1 and Tier2.
DSLAMs are generally aggregated through a Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet
Interface to core network via LAN switches.The connectivity of these switces
according to the location and capacity is planned in NIB-II Project 2.2. The FX or
GBIC module in DSLAM and LAN switch should be capable of driving up to 10km
on a single mode fibre. The SX or GBIC module in LAN Switch used for connecting
Tier2 to Tier1 will support 40km. In bigger cities like A1, A2, A3 and A4, Tier1 and
Tier2 switches are deployed. There will be Tier2 switches at B1 and B2 and other
cities. The DSLAMs in B1.B2 and other lower hierarchical cities will be aggregated
through Layer 2 switches, and will be connected to the nearest BBRAS of A cities on
Ethernet over SDH.
M/s HTL and M/s UTStarComm have supplied LAN switch equipments for Project
2.2 of NIB-II. Following types of LAN switches are introduced: -

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Tier 1 Switch Tier 2 Switch

Huawei S8016 with 26 GE and 28 FE Huawei S6506R with 12 GE and 28 FE

ports ports
Huawei S8016 with 22 GE and 28 FE Huawei S6506R with 6 GE and 28 FE
ports ports
Huawei S6506R with 16 GE and 28 FE Huawei S6506R with 2 GE and 28 FE
ports ports
Huawei S6506R with 14 GE and 28 FE Huawei S6506R with 12 FE ports
ports 3Com Switch 7700R

Overview of S8016 Switch

Quidway S8016 Routing Switch (hereafter referred to as S8016) is a multi-service
core switch orienting the carrier-class operation network, broadband metropolitan-
area network (MAN), and enterprise network. The S8016 adopts the large-capacity
switching network chips and high-performance network processor, providing perfect
Diff-Serv/QoS guarantee and service traffic control mechanism. The S8016 integrates
the service processing functions of Network Address Translation (NAT), Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), Layer
2/Layer 3 MPLS VPN, and multicast. This enables the S8016 to provide diversified
network solutions, endows carrier-class reliability and high-density, and allows for
large capacity switching. The S8016 has become the foundation for backbone
convergence of the MAN and backbone construction of the enterprise network.

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System Architecture
The S8016 complies with the modular design. The modular interfaces are organized
reasonably in the system, and the functional modules are standard and relatively
independent. It adopts the distributed frame design. The whole system consists of
seven parts: -
Routing Process System (RPS)
The Routing Process System (RPS) is a control management unit running on the
MPU. It is the control and management center of the system. The main tasks of RPS
are as follows: -
Unicast route control, MPLS LSP control and Multicast route control
Creates and maintains a virtual lease line between two Customer Edges
Transfers route and label information between CE and PE or between PEs
The RPS controls parameter configuration according to traffic of VPN service
and configures queue resources and traffic control parameters for Diff-Serv
Class of Service (CoS).
Command line, network management, equipment management, system
monitoring, fault diagnosis and service statistics.
Forwarding Support Unit (FSU)
Its main work includes management (configuration and monitoring) of the service
interface, forwarding of the data needed, link control, and negotiation of link
parameters.
Express Forwarding Unit (EFU)
Responsible for Layer 2 switching and express forwarding of IP packets. Besides the
Layer 3 forwarding and VLAN capability, such as VLAN aggregation, VLAN trunk.
The EFU has also QoS functions such as, traffic classification, traffic measurement,
traffic policing, traffic shaping, traffic scheduling, avoidance and control of
congestion. The EFU can implement the service characteristics such as Diff-Serv and
packet filtering, and perform data forwarding such as Layer 2/Layer 3 forwarding,
MPLS forwarding and multicast forwarding.
FSU on the NAT runs on the central processor of the NAT
It is responsible for all link-layer protocols, organizes data to be forwarded by
forwarding module, and assists RPS in system management.
EFU on the NAT implements translation among the datagram port numbers
Responsible for Layer 2 switching and express forwarding of IP packets. Besides the
Layer 3 forwarding and VLAN capability, such as VLAN aggregation, VLAN trunk.
NET card monitors the internal switching network in the system.
NMS performs centralized maintenance and control of the equipment with Huawei
Integrated NMS.
The S8016 supports the following physical interfaces:
Fast Ethernet interface (FE)
Gigabit Ethernet interface (GE)

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POS interface
ATM interface
RPR interface
Loop back interface
Null interface
VLAN interface
Introduction TO PPP
A Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a link layer protocol that bears network layer
packets on a point-to-point link. It is widely applied for its capability of providing
user authentication, easy extension and supporting synchronous and asynchronous
communication.
PPP defines a complete suite of protocols, including Link Control Protocol (LCP),
Network Control Protocol (NCP) and authentication protocols (PAP and CHAP), etc.,
of which:
Link Control Protocol, LCP for short, is used to negotiate some link parameters and is
responsible for establishing and maintaining links.
Network Control Protocol, NCP for short, is used to negotiate parameters of network
layer protocols.
PPP Authentication
PAP is a 2-way handshake authentication protocol, and the password is in plain text.
The process of PAP authentication is as follows:
The peer sends the username and the password to the authenticator.
The authenticator checks if there is such a user and if the password is correct
according to the user configuration, and then returns different responses
(Acknowledge or Not Acknowledge).

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CHAP Authentication
CHAP is a 3-way handshake authentication protocol, and the password is in encrypted
text. The process of CHAP authentication is as follows:
The authenticator sends some packets generated at random to the peer (Challenge).
The peer encrypts the random packets by using its own password and MD5 algorithm,
and returns the encrypted text generated to the authenticator (Response).
The authenticator encrypts the original random packets using the peer‘s password it
saves and MD5 algorithm, compares the two encrypted texts, and then returns
different responses according to the result of the comparison (Acknowledge or Not
Acknowledge).
Overview of S6500 SWITCH
Quidway S6500 Series Ethernet Switch is a series of large capacity, modularized wire
speed L2/L3 Ethernet switches. They are mainly designed for IP MAN, large-sized
enterprise network and campus network users. The series include the following main
types of switches:
S6506 Ethernet Switch
S6503 Ethernet Switch
S6506R Ethernet Switch
Quidway S6500 Series Switches have an integrated chassis structure. The chassis
contains card area, fan area, power supply area, and power distribution area.
For S6506, in the card area, there are seven slots. Slot 0 is prepared specially for
SRPU (Salience I or Salience II). The other six are LPU slots.
For S6503, in the card area, there are four slots. Slot 0 is prepared specially for SRPU
(iSalience I). The other three are LPU slots.
For S6506R, in the card area, there are eight slots. Slot 0 and slot 1 are prepared
specially for SRPU (Salience II) and they operate redundantly. The other six are LPU
slots. User can select required LPUs for different networks and the slots support
mixed insertion.
Quidway S6500 Series Ethernet Switches support the following services:
Internet broadband access
MAN, enterprise/campus networking
Provide multicast service and multicast routing function and support audio and
video multicast service.

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Function Features

Features Description

Supports VLAN compliant with IEEE 802.1Q

Standard
Supports port-based VLAN
VLAN
Supports protocol-based VLAN
Supports GARP VLAN Registration Protocol
(GVRP)

Supports Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) / Multiple

STP protocol Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP), compliant with
IEEE 802.1D/IEEE 802.1s Standard

Supports IEEE 802.3x flow control (full-duplex)

Flow control Supports back-pressure based flow control (half-
duplex)

Broadcast
Supports Broadcast Suppression
Suppression

Supports GARP Multicast Registration Protocol

(GMRP)
Supports Internet Group Management Protocol
(IGMP) Snooping
Supports Internet Group Management Protocol
Multicast
(IGMP)
Supports Protocol-Independent Multicast-Dense
Mode (PIM-DM)
Supports Protocol-Independent Multicast-Sparse
Mode (PIM-SM)

Supports the static route

Supports Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
V1/v2
Supports Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
Supports Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
IP routing

Supports Intermediate System-to-Intermediate

System intra-domain routing information
exchange protocol (IS-IS)
Supports IP routing policy

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Features Description

Supports Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DHCP Relay
(DHCP) Relay

Link
Supports link aggregation
aggregation

Mirror Supports the port-based mirror

Supports Multi-level user management and

password protect
Security features
Supports 802.1X authentication
Supports Packet filtering

Supports Virtual Redundancy Routing Protocol

Reliability
(VRRP)

Supports traffic classification

Supports bandwidth control
Quality
Supports priority
of
Supports queues of different priority on the port
Service (QoS)
Queue scheduling: supports Strict Priority
Queuing (SP)

Supports command line interface configuration

Supports configuration via Console port
Supports remote configuration via Telnet or SSH
Supports configuration through dialing the
Modem
Management Supports SNMP management (Supports Quidview
and NMS and RMON MIB Group 1, 2, 3 and 9)
Maintenance Supports system log
Supports level alarms
Supports output of the debugging information
Supports PING and Tracert
Supports the remote maintenance via Telnet,
Modem and SSH

Supports to load and upgrade software via

Loading and XModem protocol
update
Supports to load and upgrade software via File
Transfer Protocol (FTP) and Trivial File Transfer

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Features Description
Protocol (TFTP)

Ethernet Port Overview

S6500 series Ethernet Switches support Salience I, Salience II and iSalience I SRPU
(Switch and Route Processing Unit). The brief description of LPUs (Line Processing
Unit) supported by the SRPUs are listed below:
48-port 10Base-T/100Base-TX auto-sensing fast Ethernet card
8-port 1000Base-X (Gigabit Interface Converter or GBIC) Gigabit Ethernet
card
8-port 10/100/1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet card
24-port 100Base-FX MMF fast Ethernet card
24-port 100Base-FX SMF fast Ethernet card
20-port 10/100/1000Base-T Gigabit Ethernet card
20-port 1000Base-X (Small Form-Factor Pluggable or SFP) Gigabit Ethernet
card
1-port 10GBASE-R-XENPAK 10Gigabit Ethernet card
The Ethernet ports of S6500 Ethernet Switch have the following features:
10Base-T/100Base-TX Ethernet ports support MDI/MDI-X auto-sensing, and
can be configured to operate in half/full duplex mode or auto-negotiation
mode to negotiate the duplex mode and speed with other network devices and
select the optimal ones automatically.
100BaseFX-SMF/MMF Ethernet ports operate in 100M full duplex mode. The
duplex mode can be configured as full (full duplex) or auto (auto-negotiation),
and the speed can be set to 100 (100Mbps) or auto (auto-negotiation).
1000BaseX (GBIC)/1000BaseX (SFP) Ethernet ports work in gigabit full
duplex mode. The duplex mode can be configured as full (full duplex) or auto
(auto-negotiation), and the speed can be set to 1000 (1000Mbps) or auto
(auto-negotiation).
10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet ports support MDI/MDI-X auto-sensing, and the
modes are 1000 full duplex, 100M half/full duplex, and 10M half/full duplex.
10Gigabit Ethernet ports work in 10gigabit full duplex mode. The duplex
mode can be configured as full (full duplex) or auto (auto-negotiation), and
the speed can be set to 10000 (10000Mbps) or auto (auto-negotiation).

Ethernet Port Configuration

Ethernet port configuration includes:
Enter Ethernet port view
Enable/Disable Ethernet port
Set description character string for Ethernet port
Set duplex attribute for Ethernet port

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Set speed for Ethernet port

Set cable type for the Ethernet port
Enable/Disable flow control for Ethernet port
Permit/Forbid the jumbo frame to pass through the Ethernet port
Set Ethernet port broadcast suppression ratio
Set link type for Ethernet port
Add the Ethernet port to specified VLANs
Set the default VLAN ID for the Ethernet port
Set the VLAN VPN Feature
Copy port configuration to other ports
File System Overview
The Ethernet switch provides a file system module for user‘s efficient management
over the storage devices such as flash memory. The file system offers file access and
directory management, mainly including creating the file system, creating, deleting,
modifying and renaming a file or a directory and opening a file.
By default, the file system needs user‘s confirmation before executing the commands,
such as deleting or overwriting a file, which may make losses. S6506R supports
master board and slave board. The two boards both have file system. User can operate
the file on the two boards. In the case user operate the file on slave board, the file
directory or URL should be started with ―slot[No.]#flash:‖, the [No.] is the slave
board number. For example, suppose slot 1 is slave board, ―text.txt‖ file URL on slave
board should be ―slot1#flash:/text.txt‖.

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Based on the operated objects, the file system can be divided as follows:
Directory operation
File operation
Storage device operation
Set the prompt mode of the file system
Directory Operation
The file system can be used to create or delete a directory, display the current working
directory, and display the information about the files or directories under a specified
directory. You can use the following commands to perform directory operations.

Operation Command

Create a directory mkdir directory

Delete a directory rmdir directory

Display the current working directory pwd

Display the information about directories or

dir [ / all ] [ file-url ]
files

Change the current directory cd directory

File Operation
The file system can be used to delete or undelete a file and permanently delete a file.
Also, it can be used to display file contents, rename, copy and move a file and display
the information about a specified file. You can use the following commands to
perform file operations. Perform the following configuration in user view.
Operation Command

Delete a file delete [ /unreserved ] file-url

Undelete a file undelete file-url

Delete a file from the recycle bin

reset recycle-bin file-url
permanently

View contents of a file more file-url

Rename a file rename fileurl-source fileurl-dest

Copy a file copy fileurl-source fileurl-dest

Move a file move fileurl-source fileurl-dest

Display the information about

dir [ / all ] [ file-url ]
directories or files
Execute the specified batch file(System view) execute filename

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Storage Device Operation

The file system can be used to format a specified memory device. You can use the
following commands to format a specified memory device. Perform the following
configuration in user view.

Operation Command

Format the storage device Format filesystem

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DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE ACCESS MULTIPLEXER

(DSLAM) OVERVIEW

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DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE ACCESS MULTIPLEXER

(DSLAM)
Objectives
The main objectives of this chapter is to understand the following: -
What is DSLAM
Function of DSLAM
Location of DSLAM
Components of DSLAM
Application of DSLAM

Introduction
To enable DSL technology, service providers must have a DSLAM located in their
networks to interact with the customer premises equipment (CPE) at the end user
location.
DSLAM is an integrated hardware and software system that allows the user to access
Broadband services as well as originate and terminate telephone calls over the same
single pair of copper wires
A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) delivers exceptionally high-
speed data transmission over existing copper telephone lines
A DSLAM separates the voice-frequency signals from the high-speed data traffic and
controls and routes digital subscriber line (xDSL) traffic between the subscriber's end-
user equipment (router, modem, or network interface card [NIC]) and the network
service provider's network. A DSLAM takes connections from many customers and
aggregates them onto a single, high-capacity connection to the Internet. DSLAMs are
generally flexible and able to support multiple types of DSL in a single central office,
and different varieties of protocol and modulation, both CAP and DMT, in the same
type of DSL. The DSLAM may provide additional functions including routing or
dynamic IP address assignment for the customers.
The DSLAMs is in general be collocated with existing PSTN exchanges which
provide last mile access to customers over copper wire up to average span lengths of 3
kms.
Features of DSLAM
A digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) delivers exceptionally high-
speed data transmission over existing copper telephone lines. A multiservice DSLAM
is a broadband-access network element (NE) that combines support for multiple DSL
transmission types. When coupled with high-capacity asynchronous transfer mode
(ATM) switching, multiservice DSLAMs deliver scalability, port density, and a
redundant architecture for reliability. Multiservice DSLAMs, together with various
CPE elements, can enable the relatively efficient deployment of broadband networks
for high-speed Internet access as well as voice and video applications. Such DSLAMs
often allow for full ATM switching, traffic management, and quality of service (QoS),
in addition to the delivery of a full range of services. These services include analog,
ISDN, IDSL, SDSL, rate-adaptive DSL–competitive access provider (RADSL–CAP),

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and RADSL–discrete Multitone (DMT) on a single platform. The basic features of

Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexure (DSLAM) are describes below: -
DSLAM aggregates the subscriber lines
A Digital Subscriber Access Multiplexer delivers exceptionally high speed
data transmission over existing copper telephone lines
DSLAM separates Voice and Data of the Subscriber i.e. it separates the voice
frequency signal from High Speed data traffic
Routes and Controls Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL) traffic between the
subscriber‘s end-user equipment (Router, Modem, or Network Interface Card
(NIC) and the Network Service Provider‘s network.
Voice is given to the exchange switch
Data is fed to the IP Network through the LAN Switch
DSLAMs have been categorized in to 6 types based on no. of ports (480,
240,120, 64, 48 & 24) provided and planned for deployment based on the
expected demand
DSLAM provides Access from 128Kbps to 8Mbps
DSLAM supports for QOS features such as Committed Access Rate between
CPE and DSLAM, Traffic Policing per port
DSLAM works Satisfactory without any degradation in performance and
without using any repeater/regenerator over a distance for various access
speeds for 0.5mm copper pair.
Distance wise downstream bit rate in DSLAM is given below:-
Downstream bit rate Distance
6 Mbps 1.5 Kms
2 Mbps 3.5 Kms
1 Mbps 4.0 Kms

Implementation of DSLAM
Broadband connectivity is extended to these DSLAM through the core network via
the LAN switch. Commonly it is available with 480, 240, 120, 64, 48 and 24 ports.
DSLAMs are generally aggregated through a Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet

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Interface. The connectivity of these DSLAM according to the location and capacity is
planned in NIB-II Project 2.2. DSLAMs are available with different types of access
modules and capacities. The FX or GBIC module in DSLAM and LAN switch should
be capable of driving up to 10km on a single mode fibre. The SX or GBIC module in
LAN Switch used for connecting Tier2 to Tier1 will support 40km. In bigger cities
like A1, A2, A3 and A4, one BBRAS per city will be deployed initially. There will
be no BBRAS at B1 and B2 cities. The DSLAMs in B1.B2 and other lower
hierarchical cities will be aggregated through Layer 2 switches, and will be connected
to the nearest BBRAS of A cities on Ethernet over SDH.
M/s HTL and M/s UTStarComm have supplied DSLAM equipments for Project 2.2
of NIB-II. Following types of DSLAMs are introduced: -
Huawei SMARTEX MA 5300 480, 240, 120 ports DSLAM
Huawei SMARTEX MA 5300 64, 48 and 24 ports DSLAM
UTStarComm AN2000 IB IPDSLAM 480, 240, 120 ports DSLAM
UTStarComm AN2000 B-100 Mini DSLAM 64, 48, 24 ports DSLAM

Connectivity of DSLAM
DSLAM is connected to ATM or IP based core network through the networking
elements. It aggregates the data traffic of all the users provided to it and extends to
core network. The telephone traffic of each user is separated by splitter available in it
and transmits to PSTN network. DSLAM provides user access through user access
layer and Connectivity to IP backbone is provided through IP convergence layer.

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Description of DSLAM equipment

DSLAM cabinet consists of various modules in the form of boards and provides the
connectivity to ADSL modem and network. Broadband Access Equipment, DSLAM,
developed by M/s Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. is implemented in Broadband
service. Model named as MA5300 and MA5105 are briefly described in this section.
Architecture of DSLAM
Broadband Access Equipment MA5300 is a piece of L2/L3 IP DSLAM equipment.

There are two types of MA5300 frames: -

Service frame
MA5300 service frame is 10U high (including a 1U fan frame). It measures
436.00 mm (width) x 420.00 mm (depth) x 444.50 mm (height). Figure below
shows the MA5300 service frame. The MA5300 service frame has 16 slots,
numbered from 0 to 15. Among them,
Slots 7 and 8 are for the main control board (ESM) exclusively.
Other 14 slots can hold any service board (EAD/EVD/ESH).
Slot 14 and 15 can also hold the Intelligent Service Unit (ISU) or the Ethernet
uplink port board (EIU).

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In the service frame, the backplane and the ESM are mandatory. Other service boards
are flexibly configured based on service types and traffic volumes. All boards adopt
front access mode, in which cables are led out from the front panel.

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

E E
E E E E E E E E E E E E V V
V V V V V V V V V V V V D D
D D D D D D D D D D D / /
D E E
/ / / / / / / / / / / / A A
D D
E E E E E E E E E E E E E E / /
E E
A A A A A A A S S A A A A A S S
D D D D D D D M M D D D D D H H
/ /
/ / / / / / / / / / / / E E
E E E E E E E E E E E E I I
U U
S S S S S S S S S S S S / /
H H H H H H H H H H H H I I
S S
U U

MA5300 service frame

SPL frame.
The MA5300 SPL frame is 9U high, which have the same appearance as the
service frame. The SPL frame is used to hold the splitter boards (ESP). There
are two types of SPL frame i.e. active SPL frame and passive SPL frame.
Active SPL frame is equipped with the main control board (SPMA). Passive
SPL frame is not equipped with the main control board. A SPL frame provides
16 slots, which can hold 14 ESP boards.

MA5300‘s Passive SPL frame MA5300‘s Active SPL frame

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The SPMA communicates with the MA5300‘s ESM board through the serial port
using APP. It also controls the ESPC board to capture lines.
In addition, the SPMA provides ports to connect to the external test meter and
broadband test management system. In this way, the SPM facilitates line capture
under the control of broadband test management system, as well as test of xDSL lines
captured through an external tester meter.
MA5300‘s boards can be divided to the following types:
Main control board
Service board
Built-in ISU board
Ethernet uplink board (EIU)
Splitter board
Table below describes the functions and external ports of various boards.

Type Name Port Description

Provides two subslots for

One network port various FE or GE subboards as
One serial port required.
One environment monitor port (Note: ESME/ESMB is always
Main ESMA/E ESMA/ESME: Up to 8 FE equipped with a 4xFE electrical
control SME/ES ports, or 4 FE ports + 2 GE subboard E4FA at subslot 2;
board MB ports and ESMA is always configured
with a 4xFE optical subboard).
ESB: Up to 8 FE ports, or 4 FE The FE/GE port serves as either
ports + 2 GE ports the uplink port or the
local/remote subtending port.

Coordinates with the ESP

(configuration ratio is 2:1),
supporting:
VDSL over POTS in
VDSL coordination with ESPA/ESPC;
EVDA 24 VDSL ports
board VDSL over ISDN and line
capture in coordination with
ESPB.
Connects to the ESP‘s xDSL
port through a cable.

Coordinates with the ESP

ADSL/ (configuration ratio is 1:1) to
48 ADSL over ADSL Over
ADSL2 EADA support line capture;
POTS ports
+ board Connects to the ESP‘s xDSL
port through a cable.

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Type Name Port Description

Coordinates with the ESP

(configuration ratio is 1:1);
EADI 24 ADSL Over ISDN ports
Connects to the ESP‘s xDSL
port through a cable.

Coordinates with the ESP

(configuration ratio is 1:1);
Built-in protection circuit;
EADJ 48 ADSL Over ISDN ports Connect to the main distribution
frame (MDF) through a cable.
Note: it can also coordinates
with a third-party splitter board.

Coordinates with the ESP

(configuration ratio is 1:1);
EADB 48 ADSL Over ISDN ports
Connects to the ESP‘s xDSL
port through a cable.

Connects to the MDF, in which

SHDSL
ESHA 24 SHDSL ports the splitter board is not
board
required.

Etherne
ETHA 12 FE ports Provides Ethernet access.
t board

ESPA: applies to xDSL over

POTS;
ESPB: applies to VDSL over
ISDN;
ESPC: applies to xDSL over
POTS and implements line
capture in coordination with the
SPMA;
ESPI: applies to ADSL over
ISDN;
48 Line ports
Splitter LINE port: connects to the
ESP 48 xDSL ports
board MDF through a subscriber cable
48 PSTN ports
to output POTS and VDSL
mixed signals to the RTU.
xDSL port: connects to the
VDSL/ADSL ports of the
EVDA/EADA board though a
cable.
PSTN port: connects to the
MDF through a subscriber cable
to introduce POTS signals from
the PSTN.

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Type Name Port Description

1 communication serial port

SPMA 2 test ports Line capture
Main No subtending test port
control
board 1 communication serial port
of the SPMB 2 test ports Line capture
active 4 subtending test ports
SPL
frame 1 communication serial port
SPMC 2 test ports Line capture
8 subtending test ports

Provides two subslots for

various FE or GE subboards as
Intellig required. (But the ISUE is
1 network port
ence ISUA/IS always equipped with a 4xFE
1 serial port
service UE electrical subboard E4FA).
Up to 8 FE ports +2 GE ports
unit The FE/GE port serves as either
the uplink port or the
local/remote subtending port.

Etherne When the MA5300 is equipped

t 1 GE subslot with active/standby ESM
EIUA
Interfac 1 FE subslot boards, the EIU board can be
e Unit used to provide uplink ports.
Power Supply
Power supply to the MA5300 can be either AC or DC supply. or. In AC supply, 220
V/110 V AC, primary power modules are mounted to the top of the cabinet. The
number of primary power modules to be used is subject to the power consumption of
the device.
In DC supply the MA5300 is powered by external –48 V DC using the power
distribution box. It does not need a primary power module. Each board is equipped
with a secondary power converter which converts the voltage from –48 V into 3.3 V
or 5 V, enabling distributed power supply.
In addition, each board has a soft-start circuit, which helps reduce the impact on the
power system resulting from board hot swapping, thereby improving the system
reliability.
MA5105 Mini DSLAM
The MA5105 Multi-service Access Module (referred to as the MA5105 for short) is a
mini-digital subscriber line access multiplexer (mini-DSLAM) device developed by
M/s Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. The MA5105 provides multiple types of uplink
interfaces (E1ATM UNI/E1 IMA and FE), as well as subtending FE interfaces and
provides the following solutions:
ADSL

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ADSL2+
SHDSL
ADSL/ADSL2+ hybrid broadband access
ADSL/SHDSL hybrid broadband access
ADSL2+/SHDSL hybrid broadband access
The MA5105 is an open system in strict accordance with relevant international
standards. By working with upper layer network devices, it provides subscriber
management and service support functions, and thus maintains an operable,
manageable, and profitable network with sustainable development.
Hardware Structure
The MA5105 can be installed in a 19-inch cabinet, or mounted on the top of a table.
The dimensions (W D H) of the MA5105 are:
436.00 mm 400.00 mm 44.40 mm
436.00 mm 300.00 mm 44.40 mm

Front view of the MA5105

Rear view of the MA5105 (1)

SLOT0 DC -48V
SLOT1 Service board
Uplink board SLOT2 Service board ©G

The MA5105 provides three slots. The one at the left hand side is used to
accommodate the uplink boards, and the two at the right hand side are used to
accommodate the service boards. The sizes of the slots for the uplink boards and
service boards are different. This helps to prevent mis-operations in installation.
On the panel of the MA5105, there are two LEDs:
PWR: A green indicator that lights up when the power is on, and turns off when the
power is off.
FAN: A red indicator that lights up when the fan fails, and extinguishes when the fan
runs normally.
The MA5105 consists of the chassis, power supply module, backplane, and fans for
heat dissipation, service boards, and uplink boards. Different service boards and
uplink boards are configured flexibly according to the different services to be
provided, while other components are mandatory. Table below describes the
mandatory components of the MA5105 hardware.

Item Name Interface Function

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Chassis None None The chassis is a 1U

enclosure that can be
installed in a 19-inch
cabinet.

Power supply None -48 V Only one type of power

DC or supply can be used at the
220/110 same time.
V AC

Heat-dissipation fans None None The heat-dissipation fans

are installed in the right
part of the MA5105
chassis.

Backplane None None Provides service and

control bus to connect the
service boards and the
uplink board.

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Table below lists the uplink and service boards that are available for the MA5105.

Board type Name Interfaces and functions

ATM uplink board MIEA Provides system control and 4 E1

ATM UNI uplink ports.

MIMA Provides system control and 4 E1 IMA

uplink ports, supports ATM flow control
subboard.

FE uplink board MIFE Provides system control and 1

100Base-TX FE uplink port, transmission
distance: 100 m.

MIFS Provides system control and 1

100Base-FX FE uplink port (single
mode), connector type: MTRJ,
transmission distance: 15 km.

MIFM Provides system control and 1

100Base-FX FE uplink port (multi-
mode), connector type: MTRJ,
transmission distance: 2 km.

FE uplink board with MFCE Provides system control and 2

subtending interface 100Base-TX FE uplink ports for
subtending and uplink respectively,
transmission distance: 100 m.

MFCS Provides system control, 1 100Base-

TX subtending port and 1 100Base-FX
(single mode) uplink port, connector type:
LC, transmission distance: 15 km.

MFCM Provides system control, 1 100Base-

TX subtending port and 1 100Base-FX
(multi-mode) uplink port, connector type:
LC, transmission distance: 2 km

Service board

(The MA5105 ADLA With a built-in Splitter, it provides 16

supports up to 2 ADSL subscriber service ports (ADSL
service boards) over POTS).

ADLH With a built-in complex impedance

Splitter, it provides 16 ADSL
subscriber service ports (ADSL over
POTS).

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ADLI Provides 16 ADSL subscriber service

ports (ADSL over ISDN)

ADCE With a built-in Splitter, it provides 16

ADSL2+ subscriber service ports (ADSL
over POTS).

SHDA Provides 16 SHDSL subscriber service

ports.

Based on a modular design, the MA5105 meets the demands for different networking
modes through its diverse control and service boards and interfaces. Through FE
(100Base-TX) interfaces, up to four MA5105 devices can be subtended in three
levels, as shown in Figure below. In this case, the uplink boards must be
MFCE/MFCS/MFCM.
Uplink

Supreme Service board

MA5105 Service board
MFCE/MFCS/MFCM

Level 1 Service board

MA5105 MFCE Service board

Level 2 Service board

MA5105 MFCE Service board

Level 3 Service board

MA5105 MFCE/MIFE Service board

Subtending connection of the MA5105 FE (100BASE-TX) ports

As shown in the above figure, in the subtending connection, the uplink board of the
supreme MA5105 can be any one of MFCE/MFCS/MFCM, while that of the Level
1/2 MA5105 must be MFCE, and that of the Level 3 MA5105 can be either MIFE or
MFCE.
The following configurations are available in the subtending connection:
Supreme MA5105:
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+2×ADLx
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+2×ADCE
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+2×SHDA
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+1×ADLx+1×SHDA
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+1×ADLx+1×ADCE
1×MFCE/MFCS/MFCM+1×ADCE+1×SHDA
Level 1/2 MA5105:
1×MFCE+2×ADLx
1×MFCE+2×ADCE
1×MFCE+2×SHDA

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1×MFCE+1×ADLx+1×SHDA
1×MFCE+1×ADLx+1×ADCE
1×MFCE+1×ADCE+1×SHDA
Level 3 MA5105:
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×ADLx
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×ADCE
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×SHDA
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADLx+1×SHDA
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADLx+1×ADCE
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADCE+1×SHDA
Level 3 MA5105:
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×ADLx
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×ADCE
1×MFCE/MIFE+2×SHDA
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADLx+1×SHDA
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADLx+1×ADCE
1×MFCE/MIFE+1×ADCE+1×SHDA

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Software Structure
Figure below shows the overall software structure of the MA5105.

User interface subsystem

Management subsystem
Support subsystem
Service interface drive and
management subsystem
BSP-BIOS subsystem
BSP-BIOS subsystem
This is the foundation of the software system. It controls data loading when the
MA5105 starts up, initializes and drives the CPU and related hardware, and drives the
ADSL and E1 interfaces.
Service interface drive and management subsystem
It manages and drives the upstream and downstream interfaces and services, including
the upstream FE service, E1 ATM UNI service, IMA service and related logic, as well
as the downstream ADSL service and SHDSL service.
Support subsystem
It loads and backs up program, data, patch files and the logic, and manages the patch
files. It also manages the internal timer and memory, reads and displays the version
information and running information.
Management subsystem
This is the core module of the software system. It provides management of device,
connection, alarm, multicast, resource, and CAC.
User interface subsystem
This subsystem locates on the top layer of the software system, and provides
command line interface and NMS agent interface for the user to interact with the
system.
SUMMARY
DSLAM is an integrated hardware and software system that allows the user to access
Broadband services as well as originate and terminate telephone calls over the same
single pair of copper wires
A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) delivers exceptionally high-
speed data transmission over existing copper telephone lines.
A DSLAM takes connections from many customers and aggregates them onto a
single, high-capacity connection to the Internet. DSLAMs are generally flexible and
able to support multiple types of DSL in a single central office, and different varieties
of protocol and modulation, both CAP and DMT, in the same type of DSL. The

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DSLAM may provide additional functions including routing or dynamic IP address

assignment for the customers. DSLAM provides Access from 128Kbps to 8Mbps.
Typically used DSLAM in a network serves to cater users traffic to core network
through switches. It has an additional function of allocation of dynamic IP address,
routing, VLAN configuration, and Multicasting.
DSLAM are employed according to the capacity of product.

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DSLAM MA5300 CONFIGURATION

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DSLAM MA5300 CONFIGURATION

Contents
Introduction to Command Line Operations
Basic System Configuration
Port Configuration
VLAN Service Configuration
Multicast Service Configuration

Command Line Basis

Login via end

serial port or
exit
TELNET
interface
Configur ethernet 7/1/0
enable Global Ethernet port configuration
Ordinary user Privilege
e configuration mode
mode user
mode
disable mode exit
terminal MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/0)#
MA5300 MA5300 #
MA5300(config)#
VDSL port configuration mode
interface
adsl2/1/1
MA5300(config-if-adsl2/1/1)#

VLAN interface
interface
configuration mode
vlan-interface
MA5300(config-vlan-interface1)#
1
VLAN interface
vlan 1
configuration mode
MA5300(config-vlan1)#

line 0
Line configuration
MA5300(config-line0)#
mode
Command Line Basis
Command line help
By entering ―?‖ , you can get list of commands with a brief description under any
command mode
MA5300#show ?
Key word matching
MA5300#conf<space> ---- MA5300#configure

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Chinese/English language switching

MA5300#Terminal language
Access history commands
Access the previous history command: "Ctrl +P"
Access the next history command: "Ctrl +N"
Setting up Configuration Environment
MA5300 control console provides two configuration modes:
Setting up local configuration environment via the Console
Setting up configuration environment via Telnet
 In-band Telnet: Occupying service channels
 Out-band Telnet: Occupying no service channel
Setting up a local configuration environment via the Console
Connect the computer serial port with the MA5300 Console via a standard
RS232 serial cable, then configure hyper terminal in Windows or other
operation systems.

RS232 serial port

MA5300
cable
PC
Open the hyper terminal
Set the HyperTerminal parameters

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Setting up Configuration Environment via Telnet

workstation

LAN MA5300

server workstation Telnet Terminal

LAN local Telnet mode

Setting up Configuration Environment

workstation Local router

LAN

MA5300
Telnet WAN
terminal

LAN

Remote router
workstation

WAN remote Telnet configuration mode

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Setting up Configuration Environment

User login
Via the Console
After correctly connecting the hyper terminal, press Enter key according to the
prompt to enter the configuration environment
Via Telnet
According to the prompt, enter correct user name and password to enter the
configuration environment
Basic Maintenance Operations
Out-band NM configuration
MA5300(config)#interface M-Ethernet 7/0/1
Enter the external network interface port mode.
MA5300(config-if-M-Ethernet7/0/1)#ip address 10.11.84.200 255.255.255.0
Configure the IP address of the external network interface
MA5300(config-if-M-Ethernet7/0/1)#no shutdown
Activate the external network interface
In-band NM configuration
MA5300(config)#interface Vlan-interface 1
Enter the Vlan-interface 1 configuration mode .
MA5300(config-Vlan-interface1)#ip address 10.11.84.200 255.255.255.0
Configure the equipment with a management address, which
should be configured on vlan virtual interface 1 .
MA5300(config-Vlan-interface1)#exit
MA5300(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.11.84.1
Configure the equipment with a default route.

SNMP network management configuration

MA5300(config)# snmp-server community public ro
MA5300(config)# snmp-server community private rw
Set the community name and access authority
MA5300(config)# snmp-server enable traps
Enable sending Trap

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MA5300(config)# snmp-server host 10.11.1.254 version 1 private 。

Set the address of the destination host to which Trap information is
sent as 10.11.1.254, and the community name as private.

Operation terminal configuration

Adding a User MA5300#terminal user name

Deleting a User MA5300#no terminal user name
Modifying user level MA5300#terminal user level
Modifying user password MA5300#terminal user password
Modifying number re-entries MA5300#terminal user reenter
Viewing User Information MA5300#show terminal user

Board Management
Query a Board MA5300#show board 0
MA5300#show board 0/2
Add a board MA5300(config)#board add 0/1 eada
Confirm a Board MA5300(config)#board confirm 0
Delete a board MA5300(config)#board delete 0/2
Reset a Board MA5300(config)#board reset 0/1

Equipment management
Reset the system MA5300(config)#reboot
Show CPU Occupancy Ratio MA5300>show cpu 0/7
Display the system time MA5300> show time
Set the system time MA5300#time HH:MM:SS YYYY/MM/DD
Display the system version MA5300(config)#show version 0/7
Setting hostname MA5300(config)#hostname MA5300

System Management Configuration

File system configuration
Display the current working directory MA5300#pwd
Display directory or file information MA5300#dir
Delete a file MA5300#delete file-url
Recover a deleted file MA5300#undelete file-url
Completely delete files in the recycle bin MA5300#squeeze file-url
Display the content of a file MA5300#more file-url
Rename a file MA5300#rename fileurl-
source fileurl-dest

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Configure File Management

Query the initial configuration of the MA5300 intelligent IP integrated access
equipment
MA5300#show startup-config
Query the current configuration of the MA5300 intelligent IP integrated access
equipment
MA5300#show running-config
Save the current configuration MA5300#write
Erase the configuration files in the Flash MA5300#erase
FTP configuration
Serving as an FTP Server
Start the FTP Server
MA5300 (config) #ftp server enable
Set information on the authority of FTP user to access the FTP server
MA5300(config)#user abc service-type ftp ftp-directory flash: password 7 123
Query the FTP server configuration
MA5300(config)#show ftp-server
Query FTP users that have logged in
MA5300(config)# show ftp-user
Serving as an FTP Client: MA5300#ftp X.X.X.X
TFTP Configuration
Get file from the operation terminal
tftp get //10.77.212.102/abc.doc aaa.doc
put file to the operation terminal
tftp put aaa.doc //10.77.212.102/ccc.doc

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Interface-number:
Format: slot No /sub-slot No /port No.
Example:
Ethernet 7/1/0, Adsl 2/0/1, Vdsl 3/0/23

Port Type Slot No. Sub0slot No. Port No

Fast Ethernet 7,8 1,2 0-3

Gigabit Ethernet 7,8 1 0,1

ADSL 0-6,9-15 0 0-23

VDSL 0-6,9-15 0 0-23

System Management Configuration

Port configuration
Enter the port configuration mode.
MA5300(config)# interface Ethernet 7/1/1
Open the port
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/1)#no shutdown
Set the port as a Trunk port
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/1)#switchport mode trunk
Adding a VLAN that is allowed to pass through the Trunk port
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/1)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 3 to 4
Setting the default VLAN ID of a port
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/1)# switchport trunk native vlan 1
Adding the current port to a designated VLAN
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/1)# switchport access vlan 8
Querying the port property
MA5300(config)#show interface

VDSL Port Configuration

VDSL port configuration mode
MA5300(config)#interface vdsl3/0/0
MA5300(config-if-vdsl3/0/0)#
VDSL board configuration mode
MA5300(config)#board-vdsl 3
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#

Setting Port Priority Level

MA5300(config-if-Vdsl3/0/0)#priority 0

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Unblocking a VDSL Port

MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#no block all

Adding a VDSL line profile

MA5300(config)#vdsl line-profile add 2
Deleting a VDSL line profile
MA5300(config)#vdsl line-profile delete 2
Modifying a VDSL line profile
MA5300(config)#vdsl line-profile modify 2
Querying VDSL line profile
MA5300(config)#show vdsl line-profile 2
Activating a VDSL Port
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#activate all 1
Resetting a VDSL port
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#port reset 23
Viewing VDSL port information
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#show port state 23
MA5300(config)#show interface vdsl3/0/23
Viewing port line parameters
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#show line config 23
MA5300(config-board-vdsl3)#show line state 23
ADSL Port Configuration
Entering ADSL port configuration mode
MA5300(config)#interface adsl11/0/0
Entering ADSL board configuration mode
MA5300(config)#board-adsl 11
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#
Setting Port Priority Level
MA5300(config-if-Adsl11/0/0)#priority 0
Setting Maximum Multicast Group Counts of a Port
MA5300(config-if-Adsl11/0/0)#multicast max-group-count 2
Setting VPI and VCI
MA5300(config-if-Adsl11/0/0)#adsl pvc vpi 0 vci 35
or
MA5300(config)#adsl pvc vpi 0 vci 35
Unblocking an ADSL Port
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#no block all

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Adding an ADSL Line Alarm Profile

MA5300(config)#adsl line-profile add 3
Deleting an ADSL Line Alarm Profile
MA5300(config)#adsl line-profile delete 3
Modifying an ADSL Line Alarm Profile
MA5300(config)#adsl line-profile modify 3
Querying ADSL line alarm profile information
MA5300(config)#show adsl line-profile 1

Activating an ADSL Port

MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#activate all 1
or
MA5300(config)#adsl activate adsl11/0/0 to adsl11/0/23 1
Resetting ADSL Chipset
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#chipset reset 1
Querying ADSL Port Information
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#show port state 23
MA5300(config)#show interface adsl11/0/23
Viewing line parameters of a port
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#show line config 23
MA5300(config-board-adsl11)#show line state 23

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General VLAN Service Configuration

Networking requirements:
VLAN 2: user adsl 2/0/0, user adsl 2/0/1;
VLAN 3: user adsl 2/0/2 to user adsl 2/0/16
Uplink port: Ethernet 7/1/0,
Upper layer network equipment requires VLAN ID of the users.

Upper network

7/1/0

MA5300

2/0/0 2/0/1 2/0/2 2/0/16

User User User…………………User

vlan 2 vlan 3

Upper network

7/1/0

MA5300

2/0/0 2/0/1 2/0/2 2/0/16

User User User…………………User

vlan 2 vlan 3

Configuration steps:
ADSL link configuration
Create a vlan domain according to the requirement, which should include the
corresponding client port (ADSL port)
Add an upstream trunk port, and set vlans that are permitted to pass

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Create a new vlan 2

MA5300(config)#vlan 2
vlan2 contains adsl ports 2/0/0 and 2/0/1
MA5300(config-vlan2)#switchport adsl 2/0/0 to adsl 2/0/1
MA5300(config)#vlan 3
MA5300(config-vlan3)#switchport adsl 2/0/2 to adsl 2/0/16
MA5300(config-vlan3)# exit
MA5300(config)#interface Ethernet 7/1/0
Configure the upstream Ethernet port as a TRUNK port
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/0)#switchport mode trunk
Configure the port that it allows transparent transmission of frames with VLAN
ID 2 or 3
MA5300(config-if-Ethernet7/1/0)#switchport trunk allowed vlan 2 3

MUX VLAN Configuration

Networking requirements:
The range of VLAN assigned to MA5300A is from 128 to 1023
The range of VLAN assigned to MA5300Bis from 1024 to 1919
Each adsl port is assigned a VLAN automatically

Upper network

VLAN:128~1023

MA53
00A
VLAN:1024~1919

MA53
00B

User User………Use User ……..User

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Enabling MUX VLAN

MA5300(config)# mux-vlan
MUX VLAN cannot coexist with a general VLAN or a Smart VLAN.
Specifying upstream port of MA5300 A and range of local MUX VLAN
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan uplink-port interface 7/1/0 local-vlan 128 14
 The upstream port must be a port on the ESM board, namely, an FE port or a
GE port.
 The start VLAN ID is a multiple of 128 ranging 128~3072.The number of
VLAN groups ranges 0~60.
 One board indicates a VLAN group
 Usually one MA5300 can have up to 14 interface boards.
Specifying cascading port of MA5300 A and range of cascading MUX VLANs
MA5300(config)# mux-vlan cascading-port interface 7/1/1 cascading-vlan
1024 14
Specifying upstream port of MA5300 B and range of cascading MUX VLANs
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan uplink-port interface 7/1/1 local-vlan 1024 14
Setting the MUX VLAN for a specified interface board
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan slot 1 start-vlanid 128
Cancel the MUX VLAN setting of a specified interface board
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan slot 5 idle
Setting the MUX VLAN for a specified port
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan interface vdsl 5/0/0 vlan-id 129
Deleting the MUX VLAN of a specified port
MA5300(config)#mux-vlan interface vdsl 5/0/0 idle

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Multicast Service Configuration

Video stream

Multicast router Internet

VOD Server
Video stream

MA5300

Video stream Video stream

Video stream

Multicast Non-multicast Non-multicast

group member group member group member

IGMP Snooping Configuration

Enable IGMP Snooping
MA5300(config)# igmp-snooping enable
IGMP Snooping is disabled by default.
Configuring Aging Time of Multicast Group Member Port
MA5300(config)# igmp-snooping host-aging-time 70
By default, the aging time is 260 seconds.
Enabling a User under a Port to Leave an Multicast Quickly
MA5300 (config)# igmp-snooping quick-leave adsl2/0/1
Display the current state of igmp-snooping configuration
MA5300# show igmp-snooping configuration
Multicast VLAN Configuration
Configure ADSL ports: Bind the template and activate it
Adding the gigabit Ethernet port 7/1/0 of MA5300 into the upstream port of
multicast VLAN.
MA5300(config)#mvlan-upport interface Ethernet 7/1/0
Adding the ADSL ports of MA5300 into the multicast VLAN.
MA5300(config)#mvlan-downport interface adsl 6/1/1 to adsl
6/1/3
Display the port information of multicast VLAN.
MA5300# show multivlan

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ADSL MODEM OVERVIEW :

MT-800, MT-882, MT-841, WA 1003A
(M/S HUWAI TECHNOLOGY)

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MT800 OVERVIEW

Appearance
MT800 provides the small and private network with simple, secure, and cost-efficient
ADSL Internet connection. It enables many interactive multi-media applications.
MT800 has considered the household arrangements, enabling horizontal and vertical
positions as well as hanging on the wall.

Appearance of MT800

Parts of MT800
Front Panel
Place the MT800 in a location where the LED indicators can be easily viewed.
The LEDs on the front panel of MT800 are shown as below:

Front panel display with LED Indicators

The meaning of LEDs are listed as follows:

LED
Status Description
Indicator

Power Steady green light The unit is powered on.

ADSL
Steady green light A valid ADSL connection.
LINK

ADSL
Blinking green light There is traffic over ADSL line.
ACT

Steady light A valid LAN connection.

LAN
Green light The speed of data transfer is 10Mbps.
LINK
Orange light The speed of data transfer is 100Mbps.

LAN ACT Blinking green light There is traffic over Ethernet.

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Rear Panel
All cable connections to the MT800 are made at the rear panel. Rear panel of MT800
is shown as below.

Rear panel cable and power connections

ADSL: ADSL port, connecting to the splitter.

Ethernet: Ethernet port, connecting to PC or hub.
Reset: Press this button for 3 seconds to restore the default setting. This operation
will let you lose your custom setting. Please be careful when using Reset button.
Power: Power switch.
9V AC 1A: Power input plug.

 Note:
There might be different power adapter used in different regions. Please make sure
that your power adapter is in conformity with the sign in the rear panel (9V AC 1A or
9V DC 1A).

External Splitter
Using splitter can reduce disturbance signals in the telephone line. MT800 has to use
an external splitter, which has three ports: LINE, PHONE and MODEM port.
LINE: Connecting to the telephone jack.
PHONE: Connecting to the telephone.
MODEM: Connecting to ADSL modem with RJ-11 telephone line.

MT800 Features
Data rates up to 8 Mbps for downstream and 896 kbps for upstream.
Friendly Web-based graphical user interface for configuration and
management.
Supporting up to eight simultaneous virtual connections.
Various LED indicators facilitating the troubleshooting and maintenance of
the device.
Widest range of DSLAM interoperability.
Built-in firewall and filter rule for users‘ information security protection.
Upgradeable firmware through TFTP.
Easy to install and use.

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Hardware Installation
In this chapter you will learn about the various connections you need to make in order
to use the MT800.
Preparations
Connecting MT800
Power on MT800

Preparations
Checking Computer Configuration

Item Requirement

OS Web browser, such as IE, is installed.

Web browser Microsoft Internet Explorer®5.0 or Netscape

type Navigator®4.7 or above

Web browser
Enable JavaScript
settings

NIC adapter
Ethernet port
Enable TCP/IP

Collecting ISP Information

VPI, VCI
Encapsulation type
Protocol type
Modulation type
User name, password

Connecting MT800
Connecting ADSL Line
Simply plug one end of the twisted-pair telephone cable into the Modem port of the
splitter and insert the other end into the ADSL port on the rear panel of MT800.
Use another telephone cable to connect the splitter and the Phone Jack in the wall.
Connecting the computer to MT800
Use a straight-through cable to connect your computer and MT800. You can connect
the MT800 directly to a 10/100Base-TX Ethernet adapter card on your PC with the
provided Ethernet cable as shown in this diagram.

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(4) RJ-45 Ethernet

(1) Computer (2) RJ-11 Tel Cable (3) Phone
Cable
(5) Splitter (6) Phone Jack (7) MT800 (8) RJ-11 Tel Cable
Computer to MT800 connection
Connecting Ethernet LAN to MT800
MT800 may be connected to any 10/100Base-TX Ethernet port. When connecting
MT800 to any Ethernet device that is capable of operating at speeds higher than
10Mbps, be sure that the device has auto-negotiation mode enabled for the connecting
port.
Use cross-over cable to connect MT800 and the uplink port of a switch or hub. Be
sure that the cable connecting the LAN to MT800 is not longer than 100 meters.
Powering On MT800
Use the provided power adapter and plug it into a suitable power source nearby.
You should see the Power LED indicator light up, which indicates the device is
powered on.
After a few seconds, look at the LAN LINK indicator and make sure it with steady
light, which indicates a valid connection between the router and your computer.

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Before Configuring MT800

To configure MT800, you have to connect MT800 to a computer as shown below.
Use the provided straight-through cable.

(1)Computer (2)RJ-45 Ethernet Cable (3)MT800

Computer to MT800 connection

When to Configure the MT800

The factory default settings of MT800 have optimized all functions, which made it
can operate in most conditions of network. Usually, for the users with simple network
topology, the default setting values can meet their basic requirements and need no
change.
If the conditions of network have been changed by the modification of security, scale,
line of communication, protocol and topology, for example, a demand of particular
VPI and VCI, you should adjust accordingly the default settings to be able to adapt to
the changes.
Configuring IP Settings on Your Computer
The steps of configure the IP settings are as below.
Understand the default IP settings for MT800: IP address (192.168.1.1),
Subnet mask (255.255.255.0).
Make sure your computer has the TCP/IP protocol installed and enabled.
If you have an Ethernet port on your computer, it probably already has TCP/IP
protocol installed.
If you are using Windows XP, the TCP/IP is enabled by default for standard
installations.
Configure the IP address and Subnet mask of your computer to make the
computer set in the same subnet with the MT800, for example, IP
address:192.168.1.100, Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0.
For computers running non-Windows operating systems, follow the
instructions for your OS to configure the IP setting to occupy the same subnet
as MT800.
Accessing the Web-based Configuration Manager

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Once the computer has IP settings that allow it to access the Web-based configuration
manager, you can change the factory default settings to enable the MT800 to connect
to the Internet.

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Checking for Proxy Service

If the browser software on the computer is configured to use a proxy server for
Internet access, it is necessary to first disable the proxy connection.
In Windows Internet Explorer, you can check whether a proxy server is enabled using
the following procedures:
In the Explorer Window, select and click on ToolsInternet Options, and enter the
Internet Options window.
In the Internet Options window, click the Connections tab and click on the LAN
Settings button.
Verify that the ―Use proxy server‖ option is NOT checked. If it is checked, click in
the checked box to deselect the option and click OK.
Applying the LAN IP Address of MT800
To access the Web-based configuration manager, launch your Web browser and enter
the LAN IP address of the MT800. For the first access, the default LAN IP address of
the MT800 is used. Type in ―http://‖ followed by the default IP address,
―192.168.1.1‖ in the address bar of the browser. The URL in the address bar should
read: http://192.168.1.1.
Inputting the User Name and Password
A new window appears prompting you for a user name and password needed to
access the Web-based configuration manager.

Enter user name and password

Use the default user name: admin and password: admin for first time setup. You can
change the password once you have opened the Web-based configuration manager.
The user name and password allows any computer on the same subnet as the MT800
to access the Web-based configuration manger. And this password can also be used to
Telnet to the device through the Ethernet or Internet interfaces. To change this
password, see 0Web-based Management.

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 Note:
Do not confuse the user name and password used to access the Web-based manager
with the ADSL account and password needed for PPP connections to access your
ISP‘s network.
Web-based Management
This chapter describes how to use the web-based management software to configure
the MT800, which introduces the signification of parameters and method of setting in
the configuration interface. The order of sectors is listed according to the functional
configuration interfaces.
Manager Interface Layout
The MT800 initially presents the System View page shown below when you first log
in.
The left part of the page is wizard column, and you can enter the web page of
configuration or management through the hyperlink in wizard column.
The right part of the page is the practical domain of configuration and
management.

GUI of web-based configuration manager

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System View (Home Page)

Home Page – system view display

The System View read-only table on the Home Page displays a summary of various
system settings and functions as described in the table below.
Device: Displaying the basic information about the device model and software
versions.
DSL Status: Displaying the operational status, DSL version, and performance
statistics for the DSL line.
WAN Interfaces: Displaying the names and settings for the device WAN interfaces.
Multiple software-defined interfaces may be configured to use the DSL connection. In
the WAN interface will display the PVC number, gateway, IP address, mask,
VPI/VCI, encapsulation and status.
LAN Interface: Displaying the names and various settings of LAN interface, which
include MAC address, IP address, Mask, speed, duplex and status.
Services Summary: Displaying the following services that the ADSL router performs
to help you manage your network: NAT, IP filter, RIP, DHCP status including DHCP
Relay, DHCP Server or DHCP Client, and IGMP.

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ATM Setting
Click the hyperlink ―ATM Setting‖ in wizard column to open the ATM setting page.
There are three basic configuring modes for selection in this web page: RFC2684
Bridged, RFC2684 Routed (IPoA) and PPP.
RFC2684 Bridged Connection
Bridged connections include three modes: Pure Bridge, Static IP and DHCP.
PVC: System provides 8 PVCs. Generally you can leave this set at the default value
0. This option is also used to create and configure new PVCs.
VPI: If you need any modification, please enter the VPI value provided by ISP. See
the attached table for all the VPI default value of PVC.
VCI: If you need any modification, please enter the VCI value provided by ISP. See
the attached table for all the VCI default value of PVC.
Operation Mode: This also should be left at the default setting Enabled. This enables
the PVC used for the initial connection.
Encapsulation: You can select the mode LLC or VC MUX.
Address Type: The bridged connection modes include Pure Bridge, Static IP and
DHCP.
Pure Bridge
The setting page displayed as below will appear while you chose Pure Bridge mode.
The gray items don‘t need configuration.

RFC2684 bridged connection-application of pure bridge

Static IP
The setting page displayed as below will appear while you select Static IP setting
mode. Please fill the corresponding field with the IP address and network mask
provided by ISP. The default setting of route is Disable, and the Gateway IP address
is 0.0.0.0. The recommended setting is to enable default route and enter the Gateway
IP address provided by ISP.

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RFC2684 bridged connection-application of static IP

IP Address and Subnet Mask: Entered IP address and subnet mask provided by ISP
for the WAN interface of your MT800.
Default Route: This setting specified the IP address below is used for default route of
LAN. The data will be sent through WAN interface whenever a client LAN computer
accesses the Internet. The default setting of default route is Disable.
Gateway IP address: Enter the Gateway address provided by ISP.
DHCP
The setting page displayed as below will appear if you select DHCP mode, which
means automatically acquire IP address from the DHCP sever of ISP.

RFC2684 Bridged Connection-application of DHCP

Default Route: This setting specified the IP address below is used for default route of
LAN. The data will be sent through WAN interface whenever a client LAN computer
accesses the Internet. The default setting of default route is Disable.
Gateway IP address: Enter the Gateway address provided by ISP.
Save
Click the Submit button to save the settings in the RAM.

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To save these configuration changes permanently, enter the Save & Reboot page,
select Save and click Submit button to save new settings.
Diagnostics
The diagnostics feature executes a series of test of your system software and hardware
connections. Use this feature when working with your ISP to solve problems. Click
the Diagnostics of Advance Function in the Wizard column to perform the basic
diagnostics for system.

Diagnostics window

Select the Virtual Circuit and click the Submit button. A message will appear,
informing you whether the loop test succeeded or failed.
The diagnostics utility will run a series of test to check whether the device's
connections are up and working. This takes only a few seconds. The program reports
whether the test passed or failed. A test may be skipped if the program determines that
no suitable interface is configured on which to run the test.
Save & Reboot
Click the Save & Reboot in Wizard column to specify the method of restart.

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Save: Save the current setting into the permanent storage

Reboot: A simple reboot: This will put into effect any configuration changes that
have been successfully saved to flash memory.
Factory Setting Reboot: This reboots the device to default settings provided by your
ISP or the manufacturer. Choosing this option erases any custom settings.
You should select the proper method to restart the system.

Caution:
Do not reboot the device using the Reset button on the back panel of the MT800 to
activate new changes. This button resets the device settings to the manufacturer‘s
default values. Any custom settings will be lost.
RFC 2684 Bridged (Pure Bridge) Configuration
Configurations on MT800

Location Parameters Comments

Select any one from the eight

PVC
PVCs.

The value shall be provided by

VPI/VCI
your ISP.

Operation
Select ―Enable‖.
Mode
ATM Setting
The value shall be provided by
Encapsulation your ISP. Usually you can keep
the default value: LLC.

Connection
Select ―RFC2684 Bridged‖.
Type

Address Type Select ―Pure Bridge‖.

Configurations on the user‘s PC

PPPoE Dial– Before connecting to the Internet, the user

up shall have PPPoE dial–up application installed
Application on the PC.
Parameter explanation

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Troubleshooting
Quick Troubleshooting

Failures Instructions

Power Ensure power adapter is well connected;

light is
out. Ensure the right power adapter is used.

Ensure the ADSL line is well connected;

Ensure the telephone line before entering the
house is valid, try to test with a telephone;
ADSL
LINK Check that there is no junction box before
light is connecting MT800, which has such components
out. like capacitors or diodes that could hinder back
high frequency signals;
Ensure the MT800 and telephones are connected
in the right way.

Ensure you use the right cables from the MT800

to your PC;
Ensure the connection is secured;
LAN Check if the NIC LED lights up;
LINK Ensure your Network Adapter works normally
light is by examining whether the item of ―Networking
out. Adapters‖ is labeled with ―? or ―!‖. If it is, you
may delete it and then click ―Refresh‖ to
reinstall. Otherwise, you may try the NIC in
another slot. As a last resort, you have to replace
the NIC.

Take the most common access mode as an

example, in which a dial-up application is
installed on the user‘s computer:
Ensure that any of the problems above is not the
reason;
Ensure that the dial-up application is correctly
Can‘t installed and set on your PC;
access the
Internet. Ensure that you have entered the right user
name and password;
Ensure ―Use Proxy Server‖ is set properly for
IE, if the problem still remains even after you
have log into successfully;
Try more than one Web sites, in case of some
Web server‘s being in failure.

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FAQs
Q: Why can’t my computer access the Internet, even when the physical links are
well connected?
Check first whether the LEDs are in normal status. If they do, you have to find help to
adjust the settings on the MT800.
Q: I forget the username and password when I am to log into the Web-based
Configuration Manager. Or I just can’t access the Web-based Configuration
Manager.
Please press reset button at the rear panel for 3 seconds to restore the factory default
settings of MT800.
Indicate your NIC IP address to 192.168.1.3
Disable Proxy service.
Launch your Web browser and type in http://192.168.1.1
Use the default user name: admin and password: admin
Q: My configuration is gone after rebooting MT800.
If you want to keep your settings after reboot MT800. Please go to Web-based
Configuration Manager  ―Save & Reboot‖  ―Save‖ to save your configurations.
Q: I can’t upgrade with the new firmware.
Please make sure the file that you have downloaded is valid.
Q: Why can’t I access the Internet by using virtual dialing through Microsoft’s
Internet Gateway?
Internet Gateway supports PPPoE itself. No other PPPoE terminal software shall be
installed again.
Q: Why does my PC fall off line sometimes even with all LEDs are in normal
status?
There are several scenarios might cause this problem.
Be disconnected by the ISP.
Some ISPs will have idle timeout setting to avoid wasting IP. When the end user
connects to the Internet too long without any packet, the ISP will drop the connection.
Please contact with your ISP about this problem.
Some ISPs don‘t provide a good quality ADSL signal line. Therefore, when the
ADSL line is unstable, your connection will be dropped. Try with a telephone and
find the status of your ADSL signal line.
If you have contacted the ISP and they promised the quality of ADSL line, it may be
the hardware issue and please contact your vendor.
Q: When can I use the “Restore Factory Default Setting” button?
If you changed some setting unconsciously in the Web Management Interface and you
forgot the detailed values that you modified, please use the ―Restore Factory Default
Setting‖ button to recover the factory default settings.

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Q: How many methods can be used to restore the factory default setting?
Totally two methods:
By the restore button on the rear panel of the device. Push it for 3 seconds to take the
factory default setting into effect;
Select the option Factory Setting Reboot in the page of Save & Reboot and then click
Submit button.
Q: How to connect multiple phones?
Follow the figures below to complete the installation. Note that the MT800 needs the
splitter for proper working.

(4) RJ-11 Tel

(1) Phone Socket (2) Phone (3) Phone
Cable
(6) RJ-11 Tel (7) RJ-11 Tel
(5) Splitter (8) Phone Jack
Cable Cable
(9) MT800
Connect multiple phones-1

(1) Phone (2) Phone Socket (3) Phone (4) RJ-11 Tel Cable
(5) Micro-filter (6) RJ-11 Tel Cable (7) Phone Socket (8) RJ-11 Tel Cable
(9) Splitter (10) RJ-11 Tel Cable (11) Phone Jack (12) MT800

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Connect multiple phones-2

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Technical Specifications

General Specifications

ITU-T G.992.1
(G.dmt) ITU-T G.994.1 (G.hs)
Standards:
ITU-T G.992.2 ANSI T1.413 Issue # 2
(G.lite)

G.dmt full rate: Downstream up to 8 Mbps

Upstream up to 896 kbps
Data G.lite: Downstream up to 1.5 Mbps
Transfer
Rate: Upstream up to 512 kbps
T1.413: Downstream up to 8 Mbps
Upstream up to 896 kbps

One RJ-11 ports for ADSL line connection

External
Interface: One RJ-45 port for 10/100 Base-T Ethernet
connection

Physical and Environmental Specifications

Power Adapter: 9 V AC 1A

Power
Max. 9W
Consumption:

Operating
0 to 40 C ( 32 to 104 F)
Temperature:

Humidity: 5 to 95% (non-condensing)

Dimensions: 135mm x 110mm x 28mm

Weight: 180g

 Note:
There might be different power adapter used in different regions. Please make
sure that your power adapter is in conformity with the sign in the rear panel
(9V AC 1A or 9V DC 1A).
Waterproof should be used during the storage, transportation and running of
the equipment.Appendix
Factory Default Settings

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User name admin

Password admin

IP address 192.168.1.1

Subnet mask 255.255.255.0

DSL Mode Multimode

PVC0 VPI =0 VCI=35

PVC1 VPI =8 VCI=35

PVC2 VPI= 0 VCI= 100

RFC 2684
PVC3 VPI =0 VCI=32
Bridged Mode
PVC4 VPI =8 VCI=81

PVC5 VPI= 8 VCI=32

PVC6 VPI= 14 VCI=24

DHCP Mode Disable

NAT Enable

Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description

ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

CPE Customer Premises Equipment

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DNS Domain Name Server

DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplex

HTML Hypertext Markup Language

IP Internet Protocols

ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol

IPoA Internet Protocols Over ATM

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Abbreviation Description

ISP Internet Service Provider

LAN Local Area Network

MAC Media Access Control

MIB Management Information Base

NIC Network Interface Card

NMS Network Management Station

PPP Point to Point Protocol

PPPoA PPP over ATM

PPPoE PPP over Ethernet

PVC Permanent Virtual Connection

RAM Random Access Memory

RIP Routing Information Protocol

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

TCP Transfer Control Protocol

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

UDP User Datagram Protocol

VCI Virtual Channel Identifier

VPI Virtual Path Identifier

WAN Wide Area Network

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Steps for troubleshooting

I am not able to Browse.

Check that ADSL line is properly connected, CPE is powered on and ADSL
link LED is glowing in stable condition.
Check that LAN cable is properly connected to PC and LAN link LED is
glowing in stable condition. If LAN LED is not stable then check that LAN
cable is connected properly or replace the cable and check. In case the LAN
cable is connected to LAN switch or HUB, you have to use a cross cable. If
the LAN LED is still not glowing, then veify that LAN card is properly
installed with suitable driver or get the help of your computer service person
for doing so.
If all the physical installation is correct but still you are not able to browse.
Then check that-
 The TCP/IP setting are configured as desired with correct gateway
address and DNS server IP addresses. To verify open the DOS window
and type ping 192.168.1.1 it should give output ‗Reply from 192.168.1.1:
bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64‘.
 Ensure that no proxy setting is configured in Browser. In Internet explorer
you can verify as following –
 Open the Internet explorer and Click on Tools and select Internet
Options.
 Click on Connections tab and select LAN Settings. See if any proxy
setting are configured. Uncheck the proxy settings box and click OK.
If still it is not working, then login to CPE configuration page (
http://192.168.1.1) through Internet Explorer.
Observe the information displayed on Summary page. Note whether the
ADSL link speed for upstream/ downstream is displayed. ADSL state should
be ‗Show Time’. The SNR value should be 10 or more. The CRC value
should be zero or a low figure and it should not be increasing.
Scroll down the page and see the WAN Channel information. Against PVC0,
it should display IP address (59.92.xx.xx) and Gateway address,
Encapsulation should be PPPoE and Status should in GREEN colour. If this
information is not appearing, then check for correctness of PPPoE
configuration in Home->Wan Settings page. Check whether you have
entered correct username and password and Default Gateway is enabled.

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3COM 7700R SWITCH

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3COM 7700R SWITCH

Introduction
The 3Com Switch 7700 is a large capacity, modularized wire speed layer 2/layer 3 Switch. It
is designed for IP metropolitan area networks(MAN), large-sized enterprise network and
campus network users.
The Switch 7700 has an integrated chassis structure. The chassis contains a card area, fan
area, power supply area, and a power distribution area. In the card area, there are Eight slots.
Slot 0 and 1 is prepared specially for the switch Fabric module. The other six slots are for
interface modules. You can install different interface modules for different networks and the
slots support a mixed set of modules.
1) Redundant Switch fabric Module ( controller card )
2) 48-port 10/100BASE-T Auto-sensing FE Module
3) 20-Port 1000BASE-X-SFP Module

Switching Fabric
3Com Switch 7700R 8-Slot Redundant Fabric

Payload slots
Total 6; Free 2
3Com Switch 7700 48-port 10/100BASE-TX
3Com Switch 7000 20-port SFP Module

Power Supply
3Com Switch 7700 DC Redundant Power Supply

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Redundant Switch Fabric

Fig 4.2 – Controller card

Controller Card
Connects the I/O modules through the backplane and forwards Layer 2 and Layer 3 data
Manages and calculates routing
Fulfills the switch‘s software upgrade and system reset functions
Monitors system power and the fan frame

The front panel of the Fabric has:

Submodule slot ( Redundant Card)
Reset button
Console port
Ethernet port
Status LEDs for the I/O modules, Fabric, power modules, and fan frame

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Switch 7700R Feature

Layer 2 / Layer 4
Rapid Spanning Tree 802.1w
Address Table Learning 802.1d
4096 VLANs, 802.1Q Port Based; VLAN Stacking
Priority Queuing 802.1p
IGMP Snooping
Link aggregation
Broadcast Storm Control
Jumbo frames
Layer 3
IPV4 Routing
RIP V1/2
OSPF
PIM DM/SM
VRRP
ARP / Proxy ARP
DHCP Helper
IGMP Query
M-STP
Management
Out of Band Management port (10/100 Ethernet)
CLI
SNMP
Telnet
TFTP Download
RMON (4 Groups)
Xmodem
Security (Port/Access)
Security
ACL with L2/L3/L4 Filtering
802.1x User Authentication
Radius Authentication
SNMP v3
Convergence
8 prioritised queues for QoS
L2/L3/L4 prioritisation
Bandwidth management

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Connecting the Switch 7700R

Fig 4.3 – Com port setting

Plug the DB-9 or DB-25 female plug of the console cable into the serial port of the PC or the
terminal where the switch is to be configured.

Set serial port parameters. Set the following parameters:

Baud rate = 9600
Databit = 8
Parity check = none
Stopbit = 1
Flow control = none

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Configration of 7700R through Telnet

The First Step is to configure a IP address for the Switch
Connect the switch to a PC using console .
Configure the ip of the switch in a vlan .
Put one FE port in same vlan .
e.g.
<switch> system-view
[switch] vlan3
[switch] interface Ethernet 4/0/1
[switch] quit
[switch] interface vlan3
[switch] ip address 172.16.227.100 255.255.255.0
[switch] quit

NOTE: In the above example it is assume that the Management Vlan is 3 and
Ethernet port 4/0/1 is the uplink port.

Enabling the telnet :

Authenticate the Telnet user through the console port before the user logs in by
Telnet.

NOTE: By default, a password is required for authenticating the Telnet user to login
the Switch 7700. If a user logs in by Telnet without a password, the user sees the
message: P a s s w o r d r e q u i r e d , b u t n o n e s e t .
Enter system view, return to user view by pressing Ctrl+Z.
<SW7700> system-view
[SW7700] user-interface vty 0 4
[SW7700-ui-vty0] set authentication password simple/cipher xxxx
(xxxx is the preset login password of Telnet user)
At most, 5 Telnet users are allowed to log on to the Switch 7700 Switch
simultaneously the appropriate commands to configure the Switch 7700 or to monitor
the running state. Enter ? to get the immediate help .

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Creating Username and password for Telnet :

Perform username and password authentication when a user logs in through theVTY 0
user interface and set the username and password to zbr and 3Com respectively:
[SW7700-ui-vty0] authentication-mode scheme
[SW7700-ui-vty0] quit
[SW7700] local-user zbr
[SW7700-luser-zbr] service-type telnet
[SW7700-luser-zbr] password simple 3Com

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Different Views

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Fig– Different Views

Views
The command line provides the following views:

User view
System view
Ethernet Port view
VLAN view
VLAN interface view
Local-user view
User interface view
FTP client view
Cluster view
PIM view
RIP view
OSPF view
OSPF area view
Route policy view
Basic ACL view
Advanced ACL view
Interface-based ACL view
Layer-2 ACL view
RADIUS server group view
ISP domain view

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DSLAM AN-2000 (M/S UTSTARCOM)

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AN2000-IB IP DSLAM
The AN-2000 IB™ is a carrier class IP-based DSLAM that delivers always-on, high-
speed Internet data and video services to subscribers over a wireline network. The
AN-2000 IB interfaces directly with the IP MAN (metropolitan area network) to
deliver broadband data services cost-effectively and eliminate the need for costly
ATM infrastructure. Service providers to protect their investment and strengthen
customer relationships by offering their customers a wide variety of creative
interactive services and applications.
This low-cost, high-performance IP-based solution seamlessly migrates the access
network from narrowband voice-only services to full broadband capabilities.

The AN-2000 IB solution offers the following advantages:

Unlimited Scalability
Build out the network as needed with the AN-2000 IB modular, high-density
architecture. The product scales gracefully from 24 to 2,424 subscribers per
system. All subscribers can be provisioned easily through dynamic
provisioning.
Open Interface
Interoperate with third-party gear and networks as needed; the AN-2000 IB
solution uses an open architecture interface and supports multiple xDSL
standards.
New Revenue-Generating Services
Support IP multicasting for video and value-added services, and deliver
always-on broadband data and video, high-speed Internet access, VPNs,
distance learning, and enterprise networking to business and residential
customers.
High-Speed Remote Access
Provide the satellite-to-headquarters connectivity many of your business
customers need with an economical AN-2000 IB high-speed LAN-interface
solution that delivers higher network speeds than leased-line or dial-up.
In recent years, worldwide DSL deployment has experienced significant growth due
to increasing customer demand. Today, the DSL access network is evolving from the

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traditional ATM-based access technology to the more cost effective IP-based access
technology. With traditional end-to-end ATM-based DSL access networks, many
service providers experienced problems in provisioning and maintenance, equipment
cost, and network scalability. When the subscriber base grows to hundreds of
thousands and millions of subscribers, network scalability becomes a critical issue to
many service providers. In the global DSL broadband market, UTStarcom is a leading
provider of DSLAM equipment and the leading provider of IP-based DSL access
solutions. UTStarcom‘s AN-2000 IP-DSLAM product not only offers advanced IP
based solutions, but also provides interfaces to traditional ATM-based backbone
networks to allow service providers to gradually transition from ATM to IP. The AN-
2000 IP-DSLAM gives service providers the ability to offer true IP-based DSL
services and to better utilize each network component to maximize return on
investment. This white paper describes the advantages of the unique IP solutions
offered by the AN-2000 IP-DSLAM with the IP Services Module (ISM) and the
benefits of using the AN- 2000 rather than traditional ATM-based DSLAMs.
The AN-2000 IP-DSLAM consists of three types of service modules:-
IP Concentration Module (ICM)
IP Services Module (ISM)
DSL Line Card Module.
IP Services Module (ISM)
The ISM is an IP application blade that enables the service provider to offer advanced
IP services to DSL subscribers. It brings advanced bridging and routing functions,
layer-two and layer-three QoS features, and subscriber management capabilities to the
AN-2000 IP-DSLAM. Most importantly, the unique features offered by the ISM bring
excellent scalability to the IP access network. ISM also provides interfaces to
traditional ATM-based access network to allow service providers to gradually migrate
from ATM to IP.
Advanced IP Features
Bridging
The ISM supports full-featured bridging functions at layer 2. It supports both 802.1d
and 802.1q bridging with up to 4095 bridge groups. Additionally, the ISM supports
VLAN aggregation where subscriber traffic carried on different VLANs can be
merged onto a single VLAN.
Routing
At layer three, the ISM supports static, dynamic (RIP and OSPF), and policy-based
routing. Policy-based routing is implemented through multiple Virtual Routing
Domains (VRDs). Each VRD is a separate routing context in which the routing
decision for a subscriber packet is based on the routing entries of the VRD that the
subscriber belongs to. The ISM also supports inter-VLAN routing.
Access Control and Session Tracking
The ISM has a rich set of subscriber authentication and session tracking capabilities.
The subscriber is authenticated either through a local user database on the ISM or
through a RADIUS server.

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At layer two, ISM can apply access control based on the subscriber‘s MAC address.
The ISM supports IEEE 802.1x port-based access control and RADIUS proxy for
IEEE 802.1x based wireless access points. With these capabilities, the AN-2000 IP-
DSLAM can be deployed to offer wireless hotspot services in conference rooms,
coffee shops, hotels, airports, and elsewhere.
Layer-three access controls are more appropriate when service providers find it
difficult to control subscriber MAC addresses. The ISM supports PPP Authentication
Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) for PPP
subscribers, and IP address authentication for static IP subscribers.
Layer-three access controls are difficult to apply in cases where DHCP is utilized
because IP addresses are typically shared among DHCP subscribers. The ISM‘s web
authentication mechanism solves this problem by forcing the user to provide their
login and password through a security portal after receiving an IP address via DHCP.
In addition, when desired by the service provider, the ISM also provides the capability
to track and limit the number of concurrent subscriber sessions. The ISM keeps track
of each admitted subscriber session and collects usage information such as subscriber
MAC addresses, IP addresses, DHCP lease times, and PPPoA/PPPoE sessions. It also
maintains a set of counters that tracks each subscriber‘s byte counts and online times.
The statistics collected by ISM can be accessed via SNMP and RADIUS accounting.
The ISM also supports sophisticated packet filters via the Access Control List (ACL)
function, allowing the service provider to block unauthorized subscriber applications.
Subscriber Isolation
Subscriber isolation is one of the capabilities most frequently requested by service
providers. To support security and billing, they typically require that the DSLAM
prevent cross-talk between DSL subscribers and forward all subscriber traffic to the
aggregation router. The ISM can provide subscriber isolation at both layer two and
layer three. When layer-two subscriber isolation is enforced in the AN-2000 IP-
DSLAM, two subscribers cannot communicate with each other without going through
the upstream aggregation router, even if they are in the same bridge group. At layer
three, VRDs can also provide subscriber isolation. Subscribers belonging to different
VRDs are prohibited from communicating with each other within the DSLAM.
In addition, similar to layer two subscriber isolation, the ISM can enforce strict
isolation between two (or more) subscribers belonging to the same VRD. When strict
subscriber isolation is enforced, two subscribers in the same VRD can only
communicate with each other through the upstream aggregation router.
QoS
The AN-2000 IP-DSLAM supports both layer-two and layer-three packet
classification, priority queuing, and perflow traffic policing.
IP Virtual Private Networking
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a private network constructed using a public
network infrastructure such as the global Internet. The fundamental motivation for
using VPNs lies in the economics of communications. A collection of virtual
networks implemented on a common public network infrastructure is cheaper to
operate than an equivalent collection of smaller physically discrete communications
infrastructures, each servicing a single network client. VPNs must enforce traffic

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segregation such that the information carried within a VPN is restricted to a defined
set of entities, and third parties cannot gain access. VPNs also allow for private
addressing and routing across the public Internet. It is important to mention that
Service Level Agreements (SLAs) have become a key aspect of VPN deployments.
SLAs are negotiated contracts between service providers and their subscribers. SLAs
specify the QoS attributes of each VPN—packet loss, jitter, latency, throughput and
more. The AN-2000 IP-DSLAM supports both layer 2 (link-layer) and layer 3
(network-layer) IP VPNs.
Link-layer VPN
At the link layer, the AN-2000 IP-DSLAM supports VLAN-based VPNs. The AN-
2000 IP-DSLAM enforces traffic segregation by selectively applying VLAN tags to
groups of DSL subscribers that belong to the same VPN. VLAN tags are applied
when subscriber traffic enters the DSLAM. Priority queuing and traffic policing is
applied to each VLAN to ensure conformance to the SLA provided to the VPN
subscribers.

Figure. Link-layer VPN

Network-layer VPN
Network-layer VPNs are most commonly implemented through tunneling techniques.
The ISM supports three types of network-layer VPNs: L2TP, IP-IP, and IP-GRE.
Subscriber traffic is transported by VPN tunnels when it leaves the DSLAM.
Network Architecture
The AN-2000 IP-DSLAM chassis consists of two controller slots and 16 network/line
module slots for user data traffic. These slots can contain three types of modules:
Internet Concentration Modules (ICM), IP Service Modules (ISM) and Line Card
Modules (L/C). The ICM provides Ethernet switching capability for 24 Fast Ethernet
interfaces and two Gigabit Ethernet interfaces. It aggregates all upstream traffic from
DSL line cards (Fast Ethernet) to the WAN uplink (Gigabit Ethernet) and segregates
the downstream traffic from the WAN to DSL line cards. The ISM provides B-RAS

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functionality and WAN uplink through its Ethernet and ATM interfaces. The L/C
comprises 24 DSL ports for DSL connections to subscriber CPE. Multiple types of
ADSL and SHDSL L/C modules are supported to provide different line standards and
line rates for various market needs.
Figure depicts the network architecture enabled by the AN-2000 IP-DSLAM system.
This system is capable of supporting up to 384 DSL ports per chassis with mixed
ADSL and SHDSL line cards. DSL subscribers are served with SLA-specific
bandwidth and QoS . For example, subscribers who want to use data, voice and video
services over the same DSL connection can subscribe a Triple Play service that
provides the required bandwidth and QoS. Other subscribers may use low-bandwidth
connections with best-effort QoS. The flexible QoS capabilities of the AN-2000 IP-
DSLAM enable simultaneous support of different types of customizable services
within a single system.
On the WAN side, the IP-DSLAM may be configured for ATM, Ethernet or both. The
AN-2000 IP-DSLAM supports the following configurations:
L/C modules, ICM module(s), and ISM module(s) with ATM WAN uplink
L/C modules, ICM module(s) and ISM module(s) with Gigabit Ethernet WAN
uplink
L/C modules and ICM module(s) with Gigabit Ethernet

Key Benefits
Unlimited scalability
Build out the network as needed with the AN.2000 IB modular, high-density
architecture. The product scales gracefully from 24 to 2,424 subscribers per system.
All subscribers can be provisioned easily through dynamic provisioning.

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Open interface
Interoperates with third-party gear and networks as needed; the AN.2000 IB solution
uses an open architecture interface and supports multiple ADSL standards.
New revenue generating services
Supports IP multicasting for video and value-added services, and deliver always-on
broadband data and video, high-speed Internet access, VPNs, distance learning, and
enterprise networking to business and residential customers.
High-speed remote access
Provides the satellite-to-headquarters connectivity many of your business customers
need with an economical AN.2000 IB high-speed LAN. Interface solution that
delivers higher network speeds than leased-line or dial-up solutions.
The AN.2000 IBTM DSLAM is a carrier class, high- performance IP-based DSLAM
access network solution that delivers always-on, high-speed Internet data and video
services to subscribers over a wireline network.
The AN.2000 IB interfaces directly with the IP MAN (metropolitan area network)
with a WAN interface to deliver broadband data services cost-effectively and
eliminate the need for costly ATM infrastructure. It enables service providers to
protect their investment and strengthen their customer relationships by offering their
customers a wide variety of creative interactive services and applications.
This low-cost, high-performance IP-based solution seamlessly migrates the access
network from narrowband voice-only services to full broadband capabilities.

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MAJOR FEATURES:
Next Generation Solution
IP Based solution suitable for migration to full IP Networks
Low cost and feature rich
High performance - throughputs in the range of 4 Mbps per subscriber
Modular High Density Architecture
Modular design: Scalable from 24 to 2,424 subscriber lines per rack by
chaining together up to 6 sub-racks per rack (reduced to 3 when equipped
with 3 POTS splitter sub- racks in the same rack).
High density: Up to 408 ports per sub-rack (17 modules with 24 ports per
module).

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Standard Interoperable Interfaces

Fast Ethernet as the WAN Interface
Supports multiple ADSL standards (ITU-T G.992.1, G.992.2 and ANSI
T1.413-1998) via software configuration
Interoperable with third party xDSL CPE.s
Highly Reliable
High Availability: Comprehensive redundancy through built-in, 1:1 protection
for common modules, and power supply
All plug in modules are hot swappable
Supports on-line diagnostics and measurements
Supports Advanced Features
Spanning Tree Algorithm, avoiding bridging loop
User traffic isolation between ADSL ports
VLAN Tagging
IGMP snooping
IP packet filtering
Versatile Network Management System
Centralized Client server based Network Management to manage the entire network
from one or more locations. Netman performs remote administration, configuration
management, fault and performance management, software download and system
diagnostics, and subscriber loop tests. Some important Netman capabilities include
User-Friendly, GUI-based system supports any size of access network.
It supports virtual configuration includes geographical maps in the backdrop, and
provides a snapshot of equipment via the Real Equipment View Expandable /
collapsible hierarchical alarms display for easy, accurate diagnostics Alarm filtering,
monitoring with prioritized display and acknowledgement of alarms
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Broadband Access & Subscriber Aggregation
AN2000 IB, located in central office, serves as an ADSL access multiplexer. The
ADSL service offers both voice and data access for the residential and small business
subscribers. The voice traffic will be directed to the Local Exchange (LE), and data
traffic will enter the AN2000 IB. The data traffic from the customer premises is
converted to IP and aggregated inside the AN2000IB and fed into an IP- MAN and
ultimately to the Internet.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

LAN Extension Concentrator

For large enterprise network, the UTStarcom AN2000 IB can serve as a high
performance, cost effective LAN extension concentrator, providing a simple way to
connect satellite facilities using the existing copper line. An AN2000 IB located near
the corporate center will interconnect with the AN2000IB at remote sites in a virtual
LAN configuration. When compared to the lease line or dialup solution, this approach
is more economical and could present much higher bandwidth
Multicast Video over xDSL
Multicast IP video content delivered via ADSL enables more breadth of service than
simple Internet access. As ADSL is a dedicated medium (as opposed to cable TV), it
is possible to enable more channels with ADSL than with cable. The AN2000 IB to
the individual subscribers distributes the content from the headend of a Multicast
video network. Traditional Ethernet bridges and switches forward packets with
broadcast or multicast destination to each of the interfaces. The AN 2000 IB supports
IGMP snooping whereby it directs the multicast traffic only to the ports to which it is
designated thereby performing video distribution efficiently

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Summary
DSLAM is an integrated hardware and software system that allows the user to access
Broadband services as well as originate and terminate telephone calls over the same
single pair of copper wires
A Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) delivers exceptionally high-
speed data transmission over existing copper telephone lines.
A DSLAM takes connections from many customers and aggregates them onto a
single, high-capacity connection to the Internet. DSLAMs are generally flexible and
able to support multiple types of DSL in a single central office, and different varieties
of protocol and modulation, both CAP and DMT, in the same type of DSL. The
DSLAM may provide additional functions including routing or dynamic IP address
assignment for the customers. DSLAM provides Access from 128Kbps to 8Mbps.
Typically used DSLAM in a network serves to cater users traffic to core network
through switches. It has an additional function of allocation of dynamic IP address,
routing, VLAN configuration, and Multicasting.
DSLAM are employed according to the capacity of product.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

ADSL MODEM OVERVIEW : UT300R

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

ADSL MODEM OVERVIEW : UT300R

USB Bus-Powered (UT-300U)

UTStarcom's UT-300U is an external multi-mode ADSL modem. It connects to a PC via
USB interface to deliver high-speed asymmetrical data transmission service over an
existing phone line, without interfering with voice transmission. Ideal for residential,
LAN, and SOHO applications, the UT-300U is simple to install, economically priced and
its bus-powered design eliminates the need for an external power supply.
The UT-300U supports both full-rate ADSL (8 Mbps downstream / 1 Mbps upstream)
and G.lite (1.5 Mbps downstream / 512 Kbps upstream). It interoperates with
UTStarcom's IP DSLAM as well as other vendors' standards-based platforms supporting
G.dmt Annex A (G.992.1), G.lite (G.922.2) and T1.413 issue 2 (ADSL over POTS).
Interfaces:

USB Type B Connector

Customer Side
USB Version 1.1 Compatible

RJ11 Connector
Network Side Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire)

ADSL 2/2+ Router/Bridge (UT-300R2)

UTStarcom's UT-300R2 enables routing and bridging
functions via a single DSL connection for high quality
triple play applications. Designed for residential, small-
sized LAN and SOHO applications, it supports higher
ADSL/ADSL2+ speeds for triple play and high-end video
applications.
The UT-300R2 has built-in firewall capabilities and it supports remote management via
SNMPv1, v2c, and MIB II. It's bridging functionality support transparent bridging and
point-to-point protocol.
Interfaces:

Customer Side One RJ45 Connector (10/100Base-T Ethernet )

RJ11 Connector
Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Network Side
Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire)
Interoperability complies with TR-48

ADSL 2/2+ Router/Bridge (UT-300R2U)

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

UTStarcom's UT-300R2U enables routing and bridging

functions via a single DSL connection for high quality
triple play applications. Designed for residential, small-
sized LAN and SOHO applications, it supports higher
ADSL/ADSL2+ speeds for triple play and high-end video
applications.
The UT-300R2U has one USB 1.1 port, built-in firewall
capabilities , it also supports remote management via SNMPv1, v2c, and MIB II. It's
bridging functionality support transparent bridging and point-to-point protocol.
Interfaces:

One RJ45 Connector (10/100Base-T Ethernet )

Customer Side
One USB 1.1 Connector

RJ11 Connector
Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Network Side
Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire)
Interoperability complies with TR-48

ADSL 4 Ethernet port Router (UT-304R)

UTStarcom's UT-304R is a powerful Ethernet ADSL
modem, which can provide access to the Internet on
broadband mode plus provides network routing
capabilities. It's Web based GUI makes it easy to
configure multiple functions. It also supports most
popular functions such as, DNS, NAPT, and DHCP
server.
The UT-304R has built-in firewall capabilities and NAT ALG supports for most famous
gaming and VoIP applications.
Interfaces:

Customer Side Four RJ45 Connectors (10/100Base-T Ethernet )

RJ11 Connector
Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Network Side
Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire)
Interoperability complies with TR-48

Multiport ADSL 2/2+ Router/Bridge (UT-304R2)

UTStarcom's UT-304R2 provides a high-speed single DSL connection that can be shared

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

by multiple users for high quality triple play applications.

In addition, a different variety of end-points can be
connected simultaneously. Designed for residential, small-
sized LAN and SOHO applications, it supports higher
ADSL/ADSL2+ speeds for triple play and high-end video
applications.
The UT-304R2 supports configuration and network
management via Telnet and Web Browser, and can be
remotely managed via SNMPv1, v2c, and MIB II. For additional security, it supports
VPN IPSec pass through, L2TP client/server and L2TP/PPTP pass through, and ID
password authentication.
Interfaces:

Customer Side Four RJ45 Connectors (10/100Base-T Ethernet )

RJ11 Connector
Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Network Side
Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire)
Interoperability complies with TR-48

Multimode ADSL Modem (UT-300RA)

UTStarcom's UT-300RA is an external multi-mode ADSL modem that delivers high
speed data over phone lines, and provides routing, gateway and firewall capabilities.
Designed for residential, small LAN and SOHO applications, the 300RA delivers both
full-rate ADSL (8 Mbps downstream / 1 Mbps upstream) and G.lite (1.5 Mbps
downstream / 512 Kbps upstream).
The UT-300RA provides built-in firewall capabilities that include stateful packet
inspection, Denial-of-Service (DoS), firewall trigger and URL-based content filtering.
Additional security features include VPN IPSec pass through, L2TP client/server and
L2TP/PPTP pass through, and ID password authentication.
Network-based configuration and management are enabled via Telnet and Web browser.
The device also supports remote management via SNMP v1 and MIB II (RFC 1213).

Interfaces:

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Customer
RJ45 Connector (10/100Base-T Ethernet )
Side

RJ11 Connector
Network Line impedance: 100 Ohms
Side Connection loop: Single pair (two-wire) Interoperability
complies with TR-48

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

RAS TOTAL CONTROL 1000 4.5

CARD INSTALLATION

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

RAS TC 1000 4.5 SYSTEM

Three-Tier Architecture Review

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

RAS TC 1000 4.5 Chassis

Hardware and Software Review

HiPer NMC 8.6.3

DS-3 DSP HiPer or
Ingress Multispan DSP NMC (333) 8.7.3

DS3 DSP HiPer ARC DC DC

ING RE SS Multi- DSP Access NMC PSU PSU
span Router 130A 130A
NIC NAC NIC NAC
RN/FL RN/FL RN/FL RN/FL RN/FL PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL
SPAN CAR PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL
1 2 LAN TX HUB
ALM CAR ALM
STATUS
LAN RX
LPBK ALM LPBK LAN
LPBK/ WAN TX
DALM 3 4 FAULT TX
LAN
CAR WAN RX
RX
ALM WAN
LPBK/ STAT 1 TX
DALM STAT 2 WAN
MONITOR FAULT RX
STAT 3
100% 100%
CHANNEL +
U U R
T T
TX I I A
L L
CHANNEL I I S
Z Z
A
T
A
T
1
I I HUB
O O
NUMBER/
RX N N
STATUS
CHANNEL +
0% 0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 PSU1 PSU2

1.3.7 3.5.12 3.5.12 ARC 5.32

3.5.13 (E1 PRI) or
HiPer ARC 5.32

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards

DSP Multispan DS-3 Ingress HiPer DSP

NAC NIC NIC NAC NIC NAC NIC

DSP DSP DSP DS3 DS3 HiPer HiPer DSP

Multispan Multispan T1 Multispan E1 INGRESS INGRESS DSP T1/E1 NIC
NIC
NIC NAC CONSOLE CONSOLE NIC NAC
RN/FL + RN/FL + RN/FL
SPAN CONSOLE
1 2 CAR
AUXPORT AUXPORT
CAR ALM ALM
CONSOLE
ALM LPBK LPBK PORT
LPBK/ AUXPORT
DALM
3 4 SPAN SPAN FAULT
CAR
1 1
ALM
AUXPORT
LPBK/
DALM
SPAN SPAN DS3 NIC 100 %

FAULT 2 2 TRANSMIT
U
+
T
100 % I
SPAN SPAN MONITOR L
+
U DS3 NIC I SPAN 1
T 3 3 CHANNEL RECEIVE Z
I A
L T
I
SPAN TX I
Z CHANNEL O
A 4 N
T +
I 0%
O
N TX TX TX
RX
+
0% RX RX
CHANNEL RX

MONITOR MONITOR BITS IN MONITOR

SELECT SELECT

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan, DS-3 Ingress and HiPer DSP
Description The tree different card sets shown on the facing page are available to
terminate PSTN T1/E1 spans.

Generally referred to as ―trunk‖ cards and shown on the facing page.

Currently, only two of the NACs perform modem functions – the DSP
Multispan and the HiPer DSP.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan

DSP
Multispan

NIC NAC
RN/FL +
SPAN
1 2
CAR ARC DC DC
Access NMC PSU PSU
ALM
Router 130A 130A
LPBK/
DALM
3 4 PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL
RN/FL RN/FL PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL
CAR
LAN TX HUB
ALM STATUS
LAN RX
LPBK/ LAN
DALM WAN TX
TX LAN
FAULT WAN RX
RX WAN
TX
STAT 1 TX
100 %
WAN
WAN
+ STAT 2 RX
U STAT 3
T R
I
L A
I S
Z 1
A
HUB
T NUMBER/
I STATUS
O
N
+
0%

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 PSU1 PSU2

Description DSP Multispan NAC supports several different PSTN switches,

frame types, and line coding for channelized T1, E1 R2, T1 PRI,
E1 PRI, and
DS-3 termination.
For service providers the DSP Multispan NAC allows dial-in and
dial-out Internet access, managed route access, and the flexibility
to be used in analog, frame relay, Ethernet and ISDN
environments.
For carriers, ISP (Internet service providers) and medium-to-large
enterprises, the DSP Multispan NAC allows remote users to
access e-mail, the Internet, databases, and additional corporate
resources.
PSTN calls may be either PCM encoded analog data calls or
ISDN digital data calls.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan

Description PSTN calls are passed to/from the DSP Multispan NAC either by:
DSP Multispan T1 or E1 NIC via a front to back TDM bus.
DS-3 Ingress NAC via midplane TDM bus spanning slots 1-16.
Calls terminate on highly integrated NAC modems (96 T1 and 90 E1).
Modem processes (demodulates) analog or digital call from the PSTN
and passes the data over the packet bus to the ARC. Modem density is
twice the density of the DSP chips used on the HiPer DSP NAC.
The ARC formats the information, performs standard routing
functions and sends the call data out of the chassis via an Ethernet
connection to a LAN for termination or further routing to the
Internet/Intranet.
Hardware and software is scalable to allow increase in modem port
density. Cards are hot swappable and software upgradeable.
NAC is physically comprised of baseboard and modem modules.
Each modem module provides a co-processor and DSP subsystem.
A single DSP can handle multiple modem sessions, ISDN processing
and PPP co-processing. NFAS (multiple PRI lines use the same D-
channel for signaling), SS7 and v.34, v.90, and v.92 connections are
supported.
NAC interfaces include:
TDM bus to its own NIC and DS-3 Ingress NAC.
Packet bus to ARC.
Management bus to NMC.
PCI bus to 4 modem co-processor and modem modules (daughter
boards).
RISC CPU subsystem interface for PowerPC and NAC board manager
supervisor support.
LED interfaces to several LEDs on NAC front plate.
Compatible with DS-3 Ingress, ARC, HiPer ARC (expanded
memory), NMC, and HiPer NMC (P5) card sets. Managed by TCM
(8.2.6) or CEM.
Can coexist with HiPer DSP card set when TDM bus (DS-3 Ingress
card) is not used.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

TRUNK CARDS
DSP Multispan NAC

Securing screw top and bottom

Latch top and bottom DSP
Multispan

NIC NAC
RN/FL + Run/Fail NIC and NAC LEDs
SPAN
1 2 Spans 1 and 2 LEDs
CAR Carrier
ALM Alarm
LPBK/ Loopback / D-channel Alarm
Spans 3 and 4 LEDs DALM
3 4
Carrier CAR
Alarm ALM
Loopback / D-channel Alarm LPBK/
DALM

FAULT (Modem) Fault LED

100 %
+ 100
U 90
T
I 80
L 70
I 60
Z (Modem) Utilization % LEDs
A 50
T 40
I 30
O
N 20
+ 10
0%

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan NAC

Description Same NAC with different code can be used for T1 and E1
applications.
Generally, NAC and NIC can occupy any chassis slot except slot
17. When used in conjunction with DS-3 Ingress, NAC must be
installed in slots 3-9 with slot 10 reserved for future redundant
NAC.
LEDs identify channel utilization and board-level status. LEDs
are available for all (4) T1 or (3) E1 spans.
Shares common code base with HiPer DSP.

LED Indications

RN/FL green Card has completed the Power On Self Test (POST).

flashing green Diagnostic running or downloading code.

red Card failed.

flashing yellow Flash programming.

CAR off Card has received no signal or poor signal.

green Card has received good carrier.

red Card has received bad carrier.

yellow Card has received remote alarm.

ALM off No alarm or remote frame alarm (RFA).

red Alarm present.

LPBK/DALM off Span is channelized T1, E1/R2, or NFAS with no D

channel.

green D-channel is up (PRI mode).

flashing green Backup D-channel is up (NFAS).

red D-channel is down (PRI mode).

yellow Loopback test in progress (all modes).

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

FAULT yellow There is a problem with one or more modems.

red There is a critical problem with one or more modems, or

the NAC in general.

off The modems are configured correctly.

UTILIZATION off Modems are not in use.

green Utilization LEDs indicate % of modems in use. Each

LED represents about 10% of total modems in use.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan T1 NIC

DSP Remote PC
Multispan T1
Console port, user 12 ft. RS-232 Cable Modem
interface (UI), RJ-45 CONSOLE (provided by 3Com)
DTE port, unbalanced CLI
PSTN
RS-232, fixed 9600 bps
Null Modem Adapter Local PC
AUXPORT (provided by 3Com)
Auxiliary, RJ-45 DTE
SDL Com
port, fixed 115,200 bps Port 1

12 ft. RS-232 Cable RS-232 Cable

SPAN
(provided by 3Com) (not provided by 3Com)
1
SPAN

2 PCM
T1 Span ports (4), RJ-48C,
SPAN Framing: ESF or D4 (SF)
Line Coding: B8ZS, AMI, zero code suppre ssion
3 Interfaces: DS-1 long haul or DSX-1 short haul
SPAN
Link LED Not Populated
4
Monitor LED - solid yellow indicates Bantam
jack is monitoring this span.
TX
Bantam Monitor Jack for connecting equipment to monitor TX
RX
(transmit) and/or receive (RX) activity on the different T1 span s.
MONITOR
Used to change span line to be monitored.
SELECT
Circuit Board

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DSP Multispan T1 NIC

Description T1 NIC provides four RJ-48C ports for connecting T1 spans. A

different NIC with three ports is required for connecting E1
spans.
NIC is not required when the DSP Multispan NAC is used in DS-
3 application. When NAC is installed without the NIC, modems
by default accept DS-3 termination. When NIC is used with
NAC, modem must be configured to accept DS-3 termination.
RS-232 serial Console Port allows user to access NAC‘s
command line interface (CLI) from a local or remote, PC or dumb
terminal for configuration and management. The port is
configured for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
The Auxiliary Port is used to perform a software download to
NAC. The port is also configured for 115,200 baud rate, 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
Jacks are provided for monitoring TX (transmit) and RX (receive)
activity on the different T1 spans. A select button is provided to
allow user to change the T1 span being monitored.
There are no DIP switches or jumpers to be configured on the
NIC.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP

HiPer
DSP

RN/FL

CAR
ALM ARC DC DC
Access NMC PSU PSU
LPBK Router 130A 130A

FAULT PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL

RN/FL RN/FL PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL

LAN TX HUB
STATUS
LAN RX
LAN
100 % WAN TX
TX LAN
+ WAN RX
U RX WAN
T TX
STAT 1 TX
I WAN
WAN
L STAT 2 RX
I STAT 3
Z R
A
T A
I S
O 1
N
+ HUB
NUMBER/
0% STATUS

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 PSU1 PSU2

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP

Description The HiPer DSP card set provides a purely digital connection with
24 dial-up modems for T1 and 30 dial-up modems for E1.
Span line channels can be permanently assigned to specific
modem channels or they can be configured to find an available
modem.
Like the DSP Multispan, the HiPer DSP supports several different
PSTN switches, frame types, and line coding for channelized T1,
E1/R2, T1/PRI, and E1/PRI. Unlike the DSP Multispan, DS-3 is
not supported.
The HiPer DSP NAC is used with the HiPer DSP T1/E1 NIC,
which terminates a single T1 span or E1 span. For the DSP
Multispan, separate NICs were required for T1 and E1.
Unlike the DSP Multispan NAC, which is identical in terms of
PCB hardware used for T1 and E1 applications, the HiPer DSP
NAC requires additional (6) modems for E1 applications.
However, as with the DSP Multispan, the NAC does require
different operating code for T1 and E1.
Contains a fully programmable Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
chip or engine. Can be reconfigured for new modem technologies
and applications.
HiPer DSP modem density is half the density of the DSP chips
used on the DSP Multispan NAC.
Supports SS7, NFAS, V.Everything®, and V.92 technologies as
well as the most common communications standards.
Supports digital data for end-to-end transmission over ISDN
including Sync PPP, ITU-T V.120/I.462 (U.S.), ITU-T
V.110/I.463 (Europe and Japan), 64 Kbps and 56 Kbps clear
channel HDLC, X./75 (Germany), and 32Kand 64K PIAFS.
Compatible with the ARC, HiPer ARC, NMC and HiPer NMC
card sets. Not compatible with the DS-3 Ingress card set. Can
coexist with DSP Multispan card set when TDM bus is not used.
Cards are hot swappable and software upgradeable.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP NAC

HiPer
DSP

Run/Fail LED RN/FL

Carrier LED CAR

Alarm LED ALM
Loopback LED LPBK

FAULT (Modem) Fault LED

100 %
+ 100
U
T 90
I 80
L 70
I
60
Z (Modem) Utilization % LEDs
A 50
T 40
I
O
30
N 20
+ 10
0%

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP NAC

Description Different NAC with different hardware and software code are
used for T1 and E1 applications.
Always used with a NIC and card set can occupy any chassis slot
except slot 17.
LEDs identify channel utilization and board level status. LED
indications are interpreted as follows.

LED Indications

RN/FL green Card has completed the Power On Self Test (POST).

flashing green Diagnostic running or downloading code.

red Card failed.

flashing orange Flash programming.

CAR off Card has received no signal or poor signal.

green Card has received good carrier.

red Card has received bad carrier.

yellow Card has received remote alarm.

ALM off No alarm or remote frame alarm (RFA).

red Alarm present.

LPBK red D-channel is down (PRI mode).

yellow Loopback test is in progress.

green D-channel is up (PRI mode).

flashing green Backup D-channel is up (NFAS).

Fault yellow There is a problem with one or more modems or NIC

jumper is not configured properly.

red There is a critical problem with one or more modems, or

the NAC in general.

off NIC jumpers are configured correctly.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Utilization off Modems are not in use.

green Utilization LEDs indicate % of modems in use. Each

LED represents about 10% of total modems in use.

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP T1/E1 NIC
J9
AIS LPBK

T1 OFF

E1 ON

HiPer DSP
T1/E1 NIC
Remote PC
Console port, user
interface (UI), RJ-45 12 ft. RS-232 Cable Modem
DTE port, unbalanced (provided by 3Com)
CLI
RS-232, max 9600 bps PSTN
CONSOLE
PORT Null Modem Adapter Local PC
(provided by 3Com)
Auxiliary, RJ-45 DTE Com
port, max 115,200 bps SDL Port 1

12 ft. RS -232 Cable RS-232 Cable

AUXPORT
(provided by 3Com) (not provided by 3Com)

PCM
T1 Span port, RJ-48C,
Framing: ESF or D4 (SF)
SPAN 1 Line Coding: B8ZS, AMI, zero code suppre ssion
Interfaces: DS -1 long haul or DSX-1 short haul

Link LED - Not Populated

Monitor LED - Not Populated

TX
RX Bantam Monitor Jack for connecting equipment to monitor TX
(transmit) and/or receive (RX) activity on the T1 span.
MONITOR

Circuit Board

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
HiPer DSP T1/E1 NIC

Description Provides one RJ-48C port for connecting one T1 or E1 span.

RS-232 serial Console Port allows user to access NAC‘s
command line interface (CLI) from a local or remote, PC or dumb
terminal for configuration and management. The port is
configured for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
The Auxiliary Port is used to perform a software download to
NAC. The port is also configured for 115,200 baud rate, 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
Jacks are provided for monitoring TX (transmit) and RX (receive)
activity on the T1 or E1 span.
As shown below, the NIC has AIS (all ones) and LPBK
(loopback) jumpers located on the top right side of the PCB when
viewed from the front.
These jumper settings affect two features: digital rate during reset
state, and power-on loopback state.
The factory default settings are transmitting all ones (AIS T1) and
power on loopback disabled (LPBK OFF).

AIS and LPBK Jumpers

AIS T1
AIS T1/E1 (Default) AIS E1

T1 OFF T1 OFF T1 OFF

J9
AIS LPBK E1 ON
E1 ON E1 ON
T1 OFF
E1 LPBK ON
LPBK OFF T1 LPBK ON
E1 ON
T1 OFF
T1 OFF T1 OFF

E1 ON
E1 ON E1 ON

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress

DS3
INGRESS

NIC NAC
RN/FL +

ALM ARC DC DC
Access NMC PSU PSU
LPBK Router 130A 130A

PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL

RN/FL RN/FL PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL

LAN TX HUB
STATUS
LAN RX
LAN
WAN TX
TX LAN
WAN RX
RX WAN
TX
STAT 1 TX
WAN
WAN
MONITOR STAT 2 RX

STAT 3
CHANNEL R
A
TX S
CHANNEL
1
HUB
NUMBER/
STATUS

RX
CHANNEL

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 PSU1 PSU2

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress

Description Terminates T1/PRI or T1/IMT (SS7) data calls via DS-3 or T3

span (672 DS-0 channels).
Supports different PSTN switches (5ESS, 4ESS, NI-2 and DMS-
100).
Calls enter from the PSTN through the DS-3 Ingress NIC. The
DS-3 Ingress NAC processes these calls and terminates them on
DSP Multispan NAC modems via the TDM bus.
After processing by the modem, call data is sent over the packet
bus to the chassis access router card, which routes the call data on
to its final destination via an IP connection.
BITS span input for Building Integrated Timing Supply.
Alarms supported include Alarm Indication Signal (AIS), Loss of
Signal (LOS), Out of Frame (OOF) and Remote Alarm Indicator
(RAI).
Error counters support includes Line Code Violations (LCV),
Excessive Zeros (EXZ), P-bit parity errors, C-bit parity errors, Far
end block errors (FEBE), Framing bit errors, Bipolar violations
(BPV), and Severe Error Frames/Alarm Indication Signal.
(SEF/AIS).
Cards are hot swappable and software upgradeable.
Three types of loopback are supported for trouble locating and
clearing purposes – local line, local payload, and far end line
loopback.

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Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress NAC

Securing screw top and bottom

Latch top and bottom DS3
INGRESS

NIC NAC
RN/FL + Run/Fail NIC and NAC LEDs

ALM Loopback Status LED

LPBK Alarm Status Led

4
Monitor Port LED
characters

MONITOR

CHANNEL Channel Line Pushbutton

TX
CHANNEL

Dual Bantam Jack

RX
CHANNEL

Face Plate

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Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress NAC

Description Must be installed in chassis slot 1. If planning to use an

additional DS-3 Ingress card set for redundancy in the future,
reserve slot 2.
Status and monitor LEDs are provided on the NAC front plate.
In normal operation the RN/FL NAC and NIC LEDs are green.
The ALM and LPBK LEDs are off.
The ALM and LPBK are off, yellow, or red, in different
combinations to indicated RFA, LOS, OOF, AIS errors or DS3
loopback in progress.
Monitor indicator has a four-character, seven-segment display.
First character displays the DS-3 span status.
Middle two characters display currently selected DS-1 line– 1 to
29, where 29 is the BITS span.
Last character displays the current status of the selected DS-1
line.
Format of the first and forth characters is as foloows.
A AIS (Alarm Indication Signal): unframed all ones - blue alarm.
R RAI (Remote Alarm Indicator); remote frame - yellow alarm.
L LOS (Loss of Signal) – red alarm.
Q QRSS (Quasi-Random Signal Source).
Channel Line Pushbutton allows user to change the DS-1 span
being monitored.
Compatible with DSP Multispan, ARC and NMC only.

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Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress NIC

DS3 Remote PC
INGRESS
NIC 12 ft. RS-232 Cable Modem
(provided by 3Com)
CLI
PSTN

CONSOLE
Null Modem Adapter Local PC
(provided by 3Com)
SDL Com
Port 1

AUXPORT 12 ft. RS-232 Cable RS-232 Cable

(provided by 3Com) (not provided by 3Com)

Telco Switch

DS3 NIC DS-3 or T3 span from/to PSTN switch

TRANSMIT PSTN

DS3 NIC
RECEIVE

BITS timing reference input

BITS IN

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Trunk Cards
DS-3 Ingress NIC

Description Order DS-3 or T3 span before attempting to configure DS-3

Ingress NAC.
Supports T1/PRI or T1/IMT (SS7) connections only.
There are no modems on this card.
RS-232 serial Console port allows user to access NAC‘s
command line interface (CLI) from a local or remote PC or dumb
terminal for limited configuration and management. The port is
configured for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
The Auxiliary port is used to perform a software download to
NAC. The port is also configured for 115,200 baud rate, 8 data
bits, 1 stop bit and no parity.
The dual BNC DS-3 NIC Transmit and Receive connectors are
provided to connect single DS-3 or T3 span from/to the PSTN.
Line rate is 44.736 Mbps, with B3ZS line coding and M23 (M13)
multiplex or C-bit parity framing.
Provides a BITS compliant timing reference input interface to
receive a 1.544 MHz reference in the form of a T1 signal. DS-3
Ingress card derives timing from this span and that timing
reference is applied to all spans in the DS-3. Uses RJ-48
connector.
There are no DIP switches or jumpers to be configured on the
NIC.

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Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC
NAC NAC NIC

ARC HiPer Dual 10/100

Access Access PCI Ethernet
Router Router NIC
Card
RN/FL RN/FL

RS-232
LAN TX LAN TX

LAN RX LAN RX

WAN WAN TX ETHERNET 1

TX
TX/RX
WAN WAN RX
RX
STAT 1 STAT 1
LINK
STAT 2 STAT 2 10/100 BaseT
STAT 3 STAT 3

ETHERNET 2
TX/RX

LINK
10/100 BaseT

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC

Description Ethernet and frame relay connections between the RAS TC 1000
4.5 chassis and a LAN or WAN are made via gateways.
There are two types of gateway cards:
ARC
HiPer ARC (with expanded memory)
The ARC and HiPer ARC interface to one or two Ethernet
networks via the Dual 10/100 PCI Ethernet NIC.
At least one gateway card set is required in the RAS TC 1000 4.5
chassis.
LAN protocol support include IP, IPX and DHCP address
assignment.
The router cards also provide WAN support PPP, SLIP, Frame
Relay, and ATM DS3. PAP, CHAP and MS-CHAP is supported
for authentication.
Distributed security services allow dial-in user authentication
across multiple router cards.
The router cards work with a RADIUS server for password
encryption, dial-back and other security measures to protect
network services. Encryption is optional.
Per-user filtering provides additional security once a user is
granted access to the network.

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Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC

ARC
Access
Router

RN/FL

DSP DC DC
Multi- LAN TX NMC PSU PSU
span 130A 130A
NIC NAC
LAN RX
RN/FL + PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL
WAN
SPAN RN/FL PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL
1 2
TX
CAR WAN HUB
ALM STATUS
RX LAN
LPBK/
DALM TX
3 4 STAT 1 LAN
CAR
RX
ALM
LPBK/
STAT 2 WAN
TX
DALM
WAN
FAULT STAT 3 RX
100%
+
U R
T
I A
L
I S
Z
A
T
1
I HUB
O NUMBER/
N
STATUS
+
0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 17 PSU1 PSU2

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC
The ARC and HiPer ARC perform identical functions.
Description
 Multi-protocol dial-up router and terminal server commonly
described as a remote access server.
 Serves as a software-based router for incoming call traffic
terminated on DSP Multispan or HiPer DSP NACs.
 Receives incoming traffic from the DSP Multispan or HiPer DSP
via a packet bus on the chassis midplane.
 Formats and forwards the information to a LAN connected to one
of the Ethernet ports on its NIC.
 NAC and NIC communicate via front-to-back PCI bus.

The ARC and HiPer ARC have many configurable parameters to handle a
wide variety of applications and features.

These parameters can be configured using the command line interface

(CLI) for either card. The CLI allows access to internal databases that
contain the configuration parameters and settings.

The ARC and HiPer ARC can be configured and managed using the CLI
over a Telnet connection or a direct serial line (RS-232) connection.

You can also configure and manage either NAC using the UTStarcom
Common Element Manager (CEM) and SNMP.

HiPer Access Router Manager (HARM) software is not supported.

Redundant and load sharing ARCs support up to 672 analog or ISDN calls.
For the HiPer ARCs, 450 analog or ISDN calls.

HiPer ARC card uses flash RAM.

Random Access
Memory(RAM) The ARC uses a compact flash socket and card to store information in
Nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM).

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Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC NAC

LED Indications
Run/Fail (RN/FL) at Startup Run/Fail (RN/FL) after Startup
Red = Power On Self Test Off = Power off
(slow flashing) Amber = SDL check Green = Power on
(rapid flashing) Green = Load Application into RAM Red = Critical failure
HiPer (solid) Green = Normal Operation

Access LAN TX (Transmit) LED LAN RX (Receive) LED

Router Red = Interface failure Red = Interface failure
Card (flashing) Red = Collision ( 1 flash per error) (flashing) Red = Collision, error
Green = Transmitting packets Green = Receiving Packets
(flashing) Amber = Many collisions, network busy Off = Idle
Run/Fail RN/FL Off = Idle

LAN Transmit LAN TX Used on HiPer ARC NAC only to expand

Face Plate memory for RAS TC 1000 4.5 operation
LAN Receive LAN RX

Not used WAN Reset

TX
DIP Switch Description
Not used WAN
D C
RX 1-2 RS-232 interface port rate
A O
STAT 1 B DIP 1 DIP 2 Baud Rate
Not used U
O N
G OFF OFF 9600 bps
Not used STAT 2 HA
N
OFF ON 19200 bps
TR ON OFF 57600 bps E
Not used STAT 3 E
D C
ON ON 115200 bps
R T
5 ON Carrier Detect Enabled
O
OFF Carrier Detect Disabled
R
3,4, 6-10 Reserved

Side View
Midplane
OFF
ON

DIP Switch
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

Positions

OFF SW (switch shown in off position)

SW ON (switch shown in on position)

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC

DIP switches There is a bank of ten DIP switches located behind the faceplate at
the bottom right side as you view the card from the front.
The switches are small, cream-colored, and somewhat difficult to
access. The switches and their settings are the same for the ARC
and HiPer ARC.
The factory default settings for these switches are all OFF.
As indicated on the facing page, DIP switches 1 and 2 set the
baud rate for the RS-232 Console or UI port on the ARC or HiPer
ARC NIC.
If you plan to connect a modem to the Console port on the ARC
or HiPer ARC NIC, set DIP5 to the ON position to enable carrier
detect.
All other DIP switches are reserved for UTStarcom use.
You can use the CLI show board settings command to view
current DIP switch settings.

LEDs Eight LEDs are provided on the front plate for viewing card
operation.
LED indications are described on the facing page and they are
identical for the ARC and HiPer ARC NACs.
Note that the WAN and STAT (status) LEDs are not used.

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Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC Dual 10/100 PCI Ethernet NIC

Remote
PC
Dual 10/100
PCI Ethernet 12 ft. RS-232 Cable Modem 3
NIC (provided by 3Com)
PSTN
Console port, user
interface (UI), RJ-45
DTE port, unbalanced CLI Null Modem Adapter
RS-232, 115,200 bps (provided by 3Com)
max.
RS-232 Com Port 1
1
12 ft. RS -232 Cable RS-232 Cable
(provided by 3Com) (not provided by 3Com) Local
ETHERNET 1 PC
TX/RX
Ethernet 1, 10/100 Mbps Activi ty LED - flashe s green when receiving data,
auto-negotiated, RJ-45 and yellow when sending data.
Link LED - solid green to indicate link is connected
LINK and receiving valid link pulses.
10/100 BaseT
CEM/TCM
Management Local
Station PC
Telnet to
ETHERNET 2
4 HiPer ARC 2
TX/RX or ARC
Ethernet 2, 10/100 Mbps
IP address
auto-negotiated, RJ-45
Ethernet Ethernet
LINK Port Port
10/100 BaseT

Ethernet LAN

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC
There are four ways to access the ARC or HiPer ARC for configuration,
Description
management, and troubleshooting purposes:
Connect an RS-232 cable from a PC (within 50 feet) through a
Null Modem Adapter to the Console port on the ARC‘s or HiPer
ARC‘s NIC and establish communication using HyperTerminal
(or equivalent) terminal emulation software.
Telnet from a PC via an Ethernet connection to one of the LAN
ports on the ARC‘s or HiPer ARC‘s NIC.
Dial-in from a remote PC via an external (or chassis) modem.
Use CEM software from a management station attached to ARC‘s
or HiPer ARC‘s NIC Ethernet port.
For initial configuration, you must access the ARC or HiPer ARC via
method 1 above.

Method 1, 2, and 3 allow connection to the ARC‘s or HiPer ARC‘s CLI.

The NAC is then configured using typed commands to set operating
parameters.

With method 4, ARC or HiPer ARC configuration is accomplished using a

graphical user interface provided by CEM.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC Dual 10/100 PCI Ethernet NIC

Dual 10/100
PCI Ethernet
NIC
Console port, user
interface (UI), RJ-45
DTE port, unbalanced
RS-232, 115,200 bps Face Plate
max.
RS-232
Ethernet and Crossover
switches in down position

ETHERNET 1 Switches

2 1
C
TX/RX Shunt
Ethernet 1 Crossover O
Ethernet 1, 10/100 Mbps
Up N

3
auto-negotiated, RJ-45
J5 N
Down E
LINK
Ethernet 1 Normal C
10/100 BaseT
T
Ethernet 2 Crossover
O
Up
R
Down
Ethernet 2 Normal
ETHERNET 2
TX/RX
Ethernet 2, 10/100 Mbps
auto-negotiated, RJ-45 Side View
LINK
Midplane
10/100 BaseT

Face Plate

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Gateway Cards
ARC or HiPer ARC

LAN ports Two high-speed ports, Ethernet 1 and Ethernet 2, provide for
connection to a LAN. Each port is capable of auto-
sensing10Base-T and 100Base-TX.
The Ethernet1 and Ethernet 2 ports are each quipped with a LINK
LED, and a TX/RX (transmit/receive) LED that operate as
follows:
LINK LED lights green when there is a valid Ethernet
connection.
TX/RX LED flashes green when receiving data, flashes
yellow when sending data, and remains unlit when there is
no activity.

Switch Set Ethernet 1 and Crossover/Normal switches in the down

settings position to connect the Ethernet 1 port to the ARC or HiPer ARC.
Set the switches in the up position to connect directly to another
NIC or router.
Set the Ethernet 2 and Crossover/Normal switches in the down
position to connect the Ethernet 2 port to the ARC or HiPer ARC.
Set the switches in the up position to connect directly to another
NIC or router.

Jumper Shunt pins 1 and 2 on jumper J5. This allows this NIC to be used
setting with a NAC other than the NMC or HiPer NMC NAC.
If this NIC were to be used with an NMC or HiPer NMC NAC,
pins 2 an3 should be shunted.

Other ARC Quad T1 Frame Relay with one 10/100 Ethernet port.
or HiPer Dual V.35 Frame Relay with one 10/100 Ethernet port.
ARC DS-3 ATM NIC.
NICs

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC or HiPer NMC

NAC NAC NIC

NMC HiPer 10/100

NMC NMC NIC

CONSOLE
RN/FL RN/FL

HUB HUB
STATUS STATUS
LAN LAN
TX TX WAN
LAN LAN
RX RX
WAN WAN
TX TX ETHERNET
WAN WAN 10/100
RX RX

R R
A A 1
S S IN
1 1 0
HUB HUB IN
NUMBER/ NUMBER/ 1
STATUS STATUS
OUT OP
0
OUT CL
0
8
AUX I/O

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC or HiPer NMC

Description One management card set is required in the RAS TC 1000 EDS
4.5 chassis.
There are two types of network management cards:
NMC (Pentium II 333)
HiPer NMC (Pentium processor)
The NMC and HiPer NMC interface to an Ethernet network via
the 10/100 Ethernet AUX I/O NIC.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC or HiPer NMC

NMC

RN/FL

DSP ARC DC DC
HUB
Multi- Access STATUS PSU PSU
span Router 130A 130A
LAN
NIC NAC TX
RN/FL + PSU RN/FL PSU RN/FL
SPAN RN/FL LAN PSI RN/FL PSI RN/FL
1 2 RX
CAR
LAN TX WAN
ALM
LPBK/ LAN RX
TX
DALM
3 4 WAN WAN
CAR TX RX
ALM WAN
LPBK/ RX
DALM
STAT 1
FAULT R
STAT 2
100%
+ STAT 3 A
U
T
I
S
L
I
1
Z
A
T
HUB
I NUMBER/
O NUMBER/
N STATUS
+
0%

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 PSU1 PSU2

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC or HiPer NMC

Description Provides a single point of management access into the RAS TC

1000 EDS 4.5 chassis. Not directly involved in processing or
routing call data.
Manages all of the devices installed in the chassis and operates
under the direction of management software running on a
workstation known as a network management station.
Uses two protocols to perform its management functions:
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) is used for
communication between the NMC and the work station.
MBP (3Com proprietary Management Bus Protocol) is used
for communication between the NMC and other NACs and
NICs in the chassis.
Acts as a proxy agent for the management station. The NMC
receives requests from the management station.
The requests are articulated by MIBs (Management Information
Bases) and are defined for each card in the chassis.
The NMC carries out the requests and obtains the results using
the MBP, and uses SNMP to return the results to the management
station.
The RAS TC 1000 EDS 4.5 chassis supports two versions of
network management NACs.
HiPer NMC can support up to 450 calls. NMC is required to
support call volumes over 18 T1 spans (432 calls).

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Management Cards
NMC (333) NAC

NMC

Run/Fail RN/FL

Face Plate
HUB Status HUB
STATUS
LAN Transmit LAN Reset
TX DIP Switch Description
LAN Receive LAN 1-2 OFF Baud rate of UI port - 9600 bps.
RX
C
3-4 OFF Baud rate if WAN port - 9600 bps. O
WAN Transmit WAN
TX 5 OFF Load from NVRAM. N
WAN Receive WAN ON Load from factory default. N
RX 6 OFF SLIP & UI PW configurable. PW enable E
& disable configurable in UI mode. C
ON SLIP & UI PW disabled. Operates only in T
R UI mode when PW disabled. O
4- character A 7-9 OFF CommWorks use only R
LED display S 10 OFF NMC console redirection disabled.
1
HUB
NUMBER/
Side View
STATUS Midplane
OFF

ON

DIP Switch
Side View
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

Positions

OFF SW (switch shown in off position)

SW ON (switch shown in on position)

Face Plate

Description NMC, a.k.a. NMC (333), has a Pentium II processor running a

333 MHz with 128 MB (upgradeable to 256 MB) of DRAM, and
64 MB (upgradeable to 256 MB) of Flash ROM.
Provides security and accounting management for any external
RADIUS servers, while acting as an SNMP agent.
Supports V.90/ISDN link rates, cellular operations and extended
V.34 link rates and country codes.
Reports traps to any SNMP alarm server for specific events or
faults that may occur with a card or the chassis.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC (333) NAC

Description Provides a backup non-stratum packet bus clock for clocked

chassis.
Performs configuration queries and software download upgrades.
It supports the software download utility, SDL-2, from the UI
port.
Enhancements provided by the NMC (333) over previous
versions are:
Increased management bus speed
Increased events support for DSP
Multispan cards.
Software DIP switches 1-4 (for serial port
speed).
Supports TCM and CEM
The NMC (333) does not support NETServer, EdgeServer PRO
or 486, Quad Modem, or Dual Trunk Cards.

DIP switches DIP switch setting are shown on the facing page.
and LEDs Factory default settings are all OFF.

LED Indications
RN/FL green Normal/diagnostics mode/boot-up self-test.

flashing green Testing or software download required or in process.

red Critical NMC failure.

flashing NMC NIC failure.

red/green

HUB Status green Chassis is normal/diagnostic mode

red Chassis critical failure.

flashing red Management bus failure with card in chassis.

LAN TX or off No data is being transmitted or received via NIC LAN

RX port.

green Data is being transmitted or received via NIC LAN port.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

WAN TX or off No data is being transmitted or received via NIC WAN

RX port.

green Data is being transmitted or received via NIC WAN

port.

HUB Customer configurable 4-character label.

Number/Sta
tus

Management Cards
HiPer NMC NAC

HiPer
NMC

Run/Fail RN/FL

Face Plate
HUB Status HUB ST

LAN Transmit LAN TX Reset

DIP Switch Description

LAN Receive LAN RX
1-2 OFF Baud rate of UI port - 9600 bps. C
WAN Transmit WAN TX 3-4 OFF Baud rate if WAN port - 9600 bps.
O
N
5 OFF Load from NVRAM.
WAN Receive WAN RX ON Load from factory default.
N
E
6 OFF SLIP & UI PW configurable. PW enable
C
& disable configurable in UI mode.
T
ON SLIP & UI PW disabled. Operates only in
R O
UI mode when PW disabled.
4- character A R
7-10 OFF CommWorks use only
LED display S
1
HUB
NUMBER/
Side View
STATUS Midplane
OFF

ON

DIP Switch
Side View
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910

Positions

OFF SW (switch shown in off position)

SW ON (switch shown in on position)

Face Plate

Description The HiPer NMC, a.k.a. HiPer NMC (P5), has a Pentium
processor with 16 MB of DRAM and 8 Mb of Flash ROM.
Provides AutoResponse, a tool that allows a user to program a
script of responses to be executed when card specific and system
wide events occur.
Supports RADIUS security and accounting.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Stores a single in the 3Com proprietary *.CFM format that

contains configuration information for all the NACs in the
chassis.

Management Cards
HiPer NMC NAC
Description Supports V.90/ISDN link rates, cellular operations and extended V.34 link
rates and country codes.

Reports traps to any SNMP alarm server for specific events or faults that
may occur with a card or the chassis.

Provides a backup non-stratum packet bus clock for clocked chassis.

Compatible with the 10/100 NMC NIC, while not supporting any ISA is-
based Ethernet or Token Ring NICs.

Supports automatic negotiation of LAN speed, either full or half duplex

mode.

Supports Dynamic Slot Assignment (DSA) allowing it to manage automatic

load balancing when operating two or more HiPer ARC in the same chassis.

Supports the software download utility, SDL-2, from the UI port on its
NIC.

DIP switches DIP switch settings are identical to the NMC (333) NAC with the exception
and LEDs that DIP 10 on the HiPer NMC is reserved and not used.

LED Indications
RN/FL green Normal/diagnostics mode/boot-up self-test.

flashing green Testing or software download required or in process.

red Critical HiPer NMC failure.

flashing Non-critical failure on initial boot-up.

red/green

HUB Status green Chassis is normal/diagnostic mode

red Chassis critical failure.

flashing red Management bus failure with card in chassis.

LAN TX or off No data is being transmitted or received via NIC LAN

RX port.

green Data is being transmitted or received via NIC LAN port.

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

WAN TX or off No data is being transmitted or received via NIC WAN

RX port.

green Data is being transmitted or received via NIC WAN

port.

HUB Customer configurable 4-character label.

Number/Sta
tus

Management Cards
NMC and HiPer NMC 10/100 Ethernet AUX I/O NIC
Null Modem Adapter Local PC
(provided by 3Com)
Com
Port 1

10/100 12 ft. RS-232 Cable RS-232 Cable

NMC NIC (provided by 3Com) (not provided by 3Com)
Remote PC
Console port, user
interface (UI), RJ-45 Modem
CONSOLE
DTE port, unbalanced
RS-232, max 57.6 Kbps CLI
12 ft. RS-232 Cable
PSTN
(provided by 3Com)
SLIP
WAN port, RJ-45 DTE
port, unbalanced RS-
WAN Face Plate
232, max 57.6 Kbps

Activity LED
ETHERNET
10/100 flashes green when receiving data, NAC
Ethernet, 10/100 Mbps and yellow when sending data.
Shunt C
auto-negotiated, RJ-45 NMC O
J2 N
N
1 Link LED E
IN solid green indicates link is connected C
0 and receiving valid link pulses. T
IN O
Auxiliary Input/Output 1 R
Interface - Not Used
OUT OP
0
OUT CL
0
8 Side View
AUX I/O
Midplane

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 JTO PH-II ―DATA NETWORK‖

Management Cards
NMC and HiPer NMC
Description Provides two standard RS-232 DTE ports – Console and WAN, one 10/100
Mbps Ethernet port and one auxiliary I/O ports.

Console port is used to connect a PC or terminal to configure, complete

software downloads, and manages the NMC via a command line. This port
can also be used as a SLIP port, if the DIP switch is set correctly.

WAN port can be used to manage the NMC through a remote SLIP
connection to a management station running CEM or TCM management
software, or another SNMP program. This port can also be used for a
modem connection to a remote management station.

Ethernet 10/100 port is a 10Base-T/100Base-Tx auto-negotiating Ethernet

port used to connect to an Ethernet LAN. The NIC negotiates between 10
Mbps and 100 Mbps as well as between full duplex and half duplex mode.

Auxiliary I/O ports. Provides two auxiliary inputs and two auxiliary
outputs on an 8-pin terminal block for alarm event monitoring and
triggering.

Jumper J2 must be set for NMC operation.

Installation Summary
Notes and Precautions
Racks Three options for mounting 19‖ and 23‖ racks - standard mount, mid-mount
and rear-mount.

Mid mount brackets must be used if you want to adhere to Bellcore

Standard on Earthquakes NEBS TR-NWT-00063.

Chassis doors are optional.

Fan Trays Three types – AC, DC and International.

Never operate chassis without a working fan tray. Doing so even for short
periods of time can potentially cause damage to chassis cards.

AC fan tray consists of 15 fans and is mounted from front.

DC and international fan trays have 9 fans each and come completely
assembled. If need be, they can be removed/re-installed from front or rear.

For DC fan tray, complete all connections at the rear of the chassis and fan
tray before cabling the chassis to a DC power source. The tray is powered
continuously – unless the power source is turned off or disconnected.

When cabling DC fan tray safety requirements stipulate that the plastic
cover be replaced over terminals after any connection is made.

Fan tray can be removed while chassis is powered – it is fully hot

swappable.

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The individual fans may continue to spin as you remove the tray. Grip the
sides of the tray, and do not touch the fans until they stop spinning.

Grounding Failure to install proper grounding may cause personnel injury and/or
damage to equipment.

Do not use different metals for conductors, crimp connections, or other

connection devices and use AWG #10 copper wire to construct the earth
ground conductor.

Install only one connector attachment per earthing stud. Install two-hole
compression connectors for connections to flat surfaces.
Power Supplies Power supplies can be AC or DC. Do not mix in the same chassis.

Power supplies may be 70A or 130A. Do not mix in the same chassis.

Replace or install power supply as a set.

A second PSU/PSI set for redundancy is optional, but strongly

recommended in a fully loaded chassis.

To reduce risk of ESD, take proper grounding precautions before handling

PSU.

To reduce the risk of electric shock, install safety panels over unused
PSU/PSI slots.

PSI must be installed behind a PSU of the same type.

Wait 10 seconds after power has been removed from PSU/PSI to allow
capacitors on the units to discharge. Do not touch PSU/PSI during this
period. After 10 seconds the RN/FL LED turns off and the PSU can be
removed. Some components may still be very hot so be careful.

Before removing PSI turn off the power source.

DC Chassis Input to DC chassis is through a 5-position terminal block. Each position

accepts spade lugs, ring nuts or direct connection with 12 to 16 gauge wire.

Safety agencies recommend securing the power cables against damage.

Use wire tie-wraps six inches from the connection to the PSI and every 12
inches thereafter.

Maximum torque applied to terminal screws can be 20 pounds per inch.

Safety requires that the plastic cover be placed over the terminals and
screwed down after any connections are made.

Powering AC Each AC PSU/PSI ships with its own power cord. If using two PSU/PSIs,
Chassis two power cords are required.

To prevent accidental removal of the power cord from the chassis, use
strain reliefs to secure the cord.

The AC input voltage version of the PSU/PSI has a wide range of input

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voltage capabilities and can accept any voltage between 90 and 264 VAC.

Each PSU/PSI has LEDs that indicate if power is on. The PSU has an
additional LED indicating operational status of the PSI.

PSU/PSI LEDs should light green when units are installed and powered up.

Powering DC Before applying power confirm that is wired properly.

Chassis
PSU/PSI LEDs should light green when units are installed and powered up.

All Cards Observe ESD precautions when handling NAC/NIC. There are three
chassis ESD plugs – two on the front mounting flange and one on the rear.

NACs and NICs are hot swappable.

Install NIC before NAC.

Trunk Cards: Verify that NAC and NIC are compatible with each other and with other
HiPer DSP chassis cards. Not compatible with DS-3 Ingress card set.

Verify slots to be used for installing cards.

Install NIC after verifying AIS and LPBK jumper settings on PCB.

Install NAC. There are no DIP switches or jumpers to be verified.

Connect single T1 or E1 span to NIC.

After installation and power-up verify that RN/FL LED and CAR LED are
solid green. Other LEDs are off.

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Trunk Cards: Verify that NAC and NIC are compatible with each other and with other
DSP Multispan chassis cards.

For DS-3 support, DSP Multispan NIC is not required and DS-3 Ingress
card set must be installed in slot 1. Slot 2 should be reserved for redundant
DS-3 Ingress card set.

For DS-3 support, if DSP Multispan NIC is installed even though it is not
required, then the NAC must be configured to accept DS-3 terminations.

Verify slots to be used for installing cards.

Install NIC. There are no switches or jumpers to be verified.

Install NAC. There are no DIP switches or jumpers to be verified.

For non-DS-3 applications, connect 1-to-4 T1 spans, or 1-to-3 E1 spans to

NIC.

After installation and power-up verify that RN/FL LED and CAR LED are
solid green. Other LEDs are off.

Trunk Cards: Verify that NAC and NIC are compatible with each other and with other
DS-3 Ingress chassis cards.

DS-3 Ingress is not compatible with HiPer DSP, HiPer ARC, and HiPer
NMC cards. NAC does not support channelized T1/E1 or E1 PRI.

DSP Multispan NACs are required to provide modem processing for the
DS-3 Ingress NAC.

DS-3 Ingress card set must be installed in slot 1. Slot 2 should be reserved
for redundant DS-3 Ingress card set.

Install NIC. There are no switches or jumpers to be verified

Install NAC. There are no DIP switches or jumpers to be verified

Connect transmit and receive ends of single DS-3 or T3 span to NIC.

After installation and power-up verify that the RN/FL NIC and NAC LEDs
are solid-green. Other LEDs are off.

Gateway Cards: Verify that NAC and NIC are compatible with each other and with other
ARC or HiPer chassis cards. ARC and HiPer ARC can be used in the same chassis. For
ARC DS-3 applications HiPer ARC cannot be used.

Verify slots to be used for installing card set.

Install NIC after verifying Ethernet and Crossover switch settings on PCB.
Also that the jumper is set for NAC and not NMC operation.

Install NAC after verifying DIP switch settings.

Connect Ethernet cable to Ethernet 10/100 port on NIC, verify that Link
LED on port turns green. If connecting to ―live‖ LAN, Activity LED
should flash yellow-green to indicate port is sending and receiving.
After installation and power-up verify that RN/FL LED is solid green.

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Other LEDs are off.

After initial configuration verify LAN connection to the ARC/HiPer ARC.

Management Verify that NAC and NIC are compatible with each other and with other
Cards: NMC or chassis cards. For DS-3 applications HiPer NMC cannot be used.
HiPer NMC
Install NIC into rear slot 17 after verifying that jumper on PCB is set for
NMC and not NAC operation.

Install NAC into front slot 17 after verifying that DIP switch 5 is set to off
position to allow the card to boot from NVRAM.

Connect Ethernet cable to Ethernet 10/100 port on NIC, verify that Link
LED on port turns green. If connecting to ―live‖ LAN, Activity LED
should flash yellow-green to indicate port is sending and receiving.

After installation and power-up verify that RN/FL LED and Hub Status
LED are solid green. Other LEDs are off. At power-up LEDs are solid red
for a short period of time.

After initial configuration verify that the management card can talk to the
management station.
Installation Recommended steps are listed below. Some steps may not be necessary:
Process
1. Install chassis.
2. Install fan tray.
3. Install power supply units.
4. Install network manager card set.
5. Apply chassis power.
6. Initialize network management card.
7. Install CEM or TCM management software.
8. Install access router card set(s).
9. Initialize access router card(s).
10. Install DS-3 Ingress NAC/NIC and DSP Multispan NACs for
DS-3 application, or install DSP Multispan NAC/NIC card sets as
needed.
11. Initialize DSP Multispan card sets.

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SUPERSTACK 3 SWITCH 4400 LABS

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SUPERSTACK 3 SWITCH 4400 LABS

Introduction
The SuperStack 3 Switch 4400 labs contain 12 labs. These labs will take you through
configuration steps using CLI, Web management and 3Com Network Supervisor.
Minimum hardware requirements are:
SuperStack 3 Switch 4400
SuperStack 3 Switch 3300 (or comparable switch)
PC's
RJ-45 cables

Additional hardware is required to configure optional Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol,

Transparent Webcache redirection and QoS telnet lab.
SuperStack 3 Switch 4400
SuperStack 3 Webcache 1000 or SuperStack 3Webcache 3000
Telnet server
RJ-45 cable
Software requirements:
3Com Network Supervisor

List of Labs
Lab1 Basic Configuration
Lab 2 SuperStack 3 Switch 4400 Web Interface
Lab 3 SuperStack 3 Switch 3300 Web Interface
Lab 4 Spanning Tree Protocol
(Optional Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol included)
Lab 5 Resilient Links
Lab 6 Virtual LANs (VLANs)

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Lab 1: Basic Configuration

Access the command line interface (CLI) of the Switch 4400 via console port. Default
login name is admin with no password. You should get the main menu of the Switch
4400.

Menu options: --------------3Com SuperStack 3 Switch 4400---------------

bridge - Administer bridge-wide parameters
feature - Administer system features
logout - Logout of the Command Line Interface
physicalInterface - Administer physical interfaces
protocol - Administer protocols
security - Administer security
system - Administer system-level functions
trafficManagement - Administer traffic management

Type ? for help

Select menu option:
Reset unit to factory defaults. This is done by issuing the following
commands:
system control initialize
You will get the following message:
WARNING: This command initializes the system to factory defaults (excluding IP
details) and causes a reset.
Do you wish to continue (yes,no) [no]: yes
Type in yes. The Switch 4400 will then reset to factory defaults and reset.

Reset unit IP address to factory defaults.

After logging in again to CLI, issue the following commands to reset the IP address of
the Switch 4400 to factory defaults:
protocol ip initializeConfig
You will then get the following message:
WARNING: This change will lock out all SNMP, Telnet and Web based management
access.
Do you wish to continue (yes/no) [no]: yes
Type in yes and the IP configuration of the Switch 4400 will reset to factory defaults.

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Confirm IP address reset. This is done by issuing the following commands:

protocol ip interface summary
What is the default IP configuration of the Switch 4400? _______________________
Manually define an IP address to the unit by issuing the following commands:
protocol ip basicConfig
This CLI will then ask you for the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.
Use the following IP addresses:
Team 1: 192.168.1.201
Team 2: 192.168.2.201
Team 3: 192.168.3.201
Team 4: 192.168.4.201
Use Class C subnets and do not define a default gateway.
Confirm IP address definition by issuing the following commands:
protocol ip interface summary

Configure your PCs to be in the same subnet (Class C) as your switches. Use
the following IP addresses:

Team 1: PC1 – 192.168.1.101

PC2 – 192.168.1.102
Team 2: PC1 – 192.168.2.101
PC2 – 192.168.2.102
Team 3: PC1 – 192.168.3.101
PC2 – 192.168.3.102
Team 4: PC1 – 192.168.4.101
PC2 – 192.168.4.102

Note: Be sure to define the gateway for the PC connected to the Switch 4400 as the
Switch 4400's IP address

Connect your PC to port 1 of the Switch 4400.

Ping your Switch 4400 from your PC by issuing a ping command from your
MS-DOS prompt.
Ping your PC from your Switch 4400 by issuing the following commands:

protocol ip ping
Lab 2: SuperStack 3 Switch 4400 Web Interface

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Invoke a browser
Enter the IP address of the Switch 4400 in the URL field

Type in username and password

The default username is admin with no password.

You will see the web interface of the switch 4400

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The Summary option allows you to view the management parameters configured for

this unit and the device summary.

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Click on Device View

It is in this view that you will do most of the configuration for the rest of the labs.
Click under each of the folders to determine which parameters can be configured.
For example:
By clicking on the System folder, Management folder and then Setup you can
edit the system name, location and contact information displayed in the
Summary view.
By clicking on the System folder, Management folder and then Alert you can
create an alert message to be sent out via email or pager when certain SNMP
event occurs.

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Lab 3: SuperStack 3 3300 Web Interface

Log into the Switch 3300 via a console connection using admin as the login
name and no password.
Menu options: -------------3Com SuperStack II Switch 3300SM-------------
bridge - Administer bridging/VLANS
ethernet - Administer Ethernet ports
feature - Administer system features
ip -Administer IP
logout - Logout of the Command Line Interface
snmp - Administer SNMP
system - Administer system-level functions

Type ? for help.

----------------------------------Switch 3300SM (1)---------------------
Select menu option:

Reset the Switch 3300 to factory defaults by issuing the following commands:
system initialize
You will get the following message:
Initializes the system to factory defaults and causes a reset. Do you wish to continue
(yes,no) [no] yes
Type yes. The Switch 3300 will then initialize to factory defaults and reset.
Once you log back into the Switch 3300 through CLI, issue the following
commands to assign an IP address to Switch 3300
ip interface define
Use the following IP addresses, a Class C subnet (255.255.255.0) and do not define a
gateway.
Team 1: 192.168.1.202
Team 2: 192.168.2.202
Team 3: 192.168.3.202
Team 4: 192.168.4.202

Using the PC not connected to the Switch 4400, connect it into port 1 to test
out the connection between the PC and Switch 3300. What do the LED's look
like?________
Ping the Switch 3300 from the PC 's MS-DOS prompt.
Ping the PC from the Switch 3300 by issuing the following CLI commands:

ip ping

Lab 4: Spanning Tree

(Optional Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol included)

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By default, the Spanning Tree Protocol on the Switch 4400 is enabled using Rapid
Spanning Tree (802.1w) and the Switch 3300 has Spanning Tree Protocol disabled
using the standard version (802.1D)
Using a RJ-45 cable, connect the 2 switches together via port 2 of each switch.
Create a continuous ping from PC to PC from each PC
Through the web browser on the Switch 4400, click on the Bridge folder,
Spanning Tree folder and then Setup to confirm that Spanning Tree is enabled.

Through the Web browser on the Switch 3300 login into the Switch 3300,
click on the configuration hot link or icon. Advanced Stack Setup pop up
screen appears, enable Spanning Tree and apply the change.

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Add a second RJ-45 cable to port 3 of each switch.

Access the Switch 3300 through CLI to find out the Spanning Tree state of
port 2 and port 3 by issuing the following commands:
bridge port summary
What is the stpstate of:
Port 2 ___________
Port 3 ___________

Access the Switch 4400 through CLI to find out the Spanning Tree state of
port 2 and port 3 by issuing the following commands:
bridge port summary

What is the stpstate of:

Port 2 ___________
Port 3 ___________

While viewing the continuous ping, disconnect the cable where both ports are
in forwarding mode and count how many seconds it takes for
the ping traffic to transfer to the other cable?
______________________________
Discontinue the continuous ping.

Rapid Spanning Tree is much faster. Since it configures locally, the

connection can be re-established in 5 seconds. If you have 2 Switch 4400's or

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2 switches that support Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol execute the following
steps to test out Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol.
Enable Spanning Tree on both units
Select Rapid Spanning Tree as the version of choice
bridge spanningTree stpversion
Connect 2 cables to port 2 and port 3 of each unit
Create a continuous ping from each PC
Disconnect one of the cables.

How many seconds did it take for the ping traffic to transfer to the other link?
_______________

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Lab 5: Resilient Links

This lab shows how to create a resilient link pair on the Switch 4400 through Web
management.

Remove the two RJ-45 links connecting the two switches together in the previous
lab.

On the Switch 4400, click on the Bridge folder, Resilient Links folder, and
Summary to ensure that there are no other resilient links defined.

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To add a resilient link pair, click on the Create wizard located in the Resilient
Link folder under the Bridge folder.

When you try to create a resilient link, the following message appears informing
you that resilient links can not be defined while Spanning Tree is enabled.

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Disable Spanning Tree by clicking on the Bridge folder, Spanning Tree folder,
Setup and selecting disable for state. Click OK to continue.

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Once again, click on the Create wizard under the Resilient Link folder under
the Bridge folder. Click Next.

Select a unit 1 and port 17 as the main link. Click Next.

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Select the operating mode and administrative mode of the resilient link pair.
For this lab, leave the settings as they are and click Next.

Operating Mode
Symmetric - manually switch back to the mail link from the standby link
Switch-back- automatically revert back to the main link from the standby link

Administrative mode
Enable - initially enable the link
Disable - initially disable the link

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The next page summarizes the configuration of the resilient link pair you just
defined. Click Finish to complete the configuration.

Verify the definition of the resilient link pair by clicking on Summary. You
will see the links as failed since you have not connected the links to the switch
3300 yet.

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Connect ports 17 and 18 of the switch 4400 to ports 17 and 18 of the Switch
3300. Display the summary of resilient links again.

What is the status of the LEDs of the ports of the resilient link pair on the Switch
4400?
LED of port 17 ____________
LED of port 18 ____________

Run a continuous ping on both client PCs to each other.

Disconnect the main link. What happens to the continuous ping?
______________
Reconnect the main link
Check the LED's. Are there any changes? __________________________
Discontinue the continuous ping on both PCs.
Disconnect the RJ-45 cables used in this lab.

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Lab 6: Virtual LANs (VLANs)

This lab will show how to setup VLANs on the Switch 4400 and Switch 3300. You
will create VLAN2 that contains ports 19-24 on both switches.
Reset to factory defaults on the Switch 4400 and Switch 3300 using the Web
management interface. On the Switch 4400 click the following commands:
system control initialize
You will get the following pop up screen message. Click OK to continue.

On the Switch 3300 click the following commands

Configuration initialize

Provide a single connection between the Switch 4400 and Switch 3300 via
port 24 of their respective switches.
On the Switch 3300, create VLAN 2 with a VLAN tag of 2. The VLAN
configuration page can be found in the configuration pages under VLANs

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Once VLAN 2 is created, add port 24 as an 802.1Q-tagged port for the switch.
This is done by selecting port 24 on the left window and clicking on Add >> while
VLAN 2 is selected.

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Add ports 19 – 23 on the Switch 3300 to VLAN 2. You must add them using
the device view of the Switch 3300. This is done by clicking on the specific
port on the device view and assigning the untagged port VLAN membership to
VLAN 2 and clicking on Apply. An example for port 19 is shown below.

Configuring VLANs on the Switch 4400 can be done presently only via the
CLI. Log into the Switch 4400 via CLI through a telnet session or the console
port.

Display the VLAN summary by issuing the following commands:

bridge vlan summary

Show all VLANs
Create VLAN 2 by issuing the following commands:
bridge vlan create

The CLI will ask you what is the VLAN ID and the name of the VLAN. Use a
VLAN ID 2 and VLAN Name VLAN 2.
Add port 24 as a tagged member of VLAN 2 by issuing the following
commands:
bridge vlan modify addPort

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Add ports 19 – 23 as untagged members of VLAN 2 by issuing the following

commands:
bridge vlan modify addPort
Display the VLAN summary by issuing the following commands:
bridge vlan summary

Display the details of VLAN 2 by issuing the following commands:

bridge vlan detail

Test out your VLANs by connecting a PC into port 6 of the Switch 4400 and a
PC into port 21of the Switch 3300 and issuing a ping
command.
Did it work? _____________________________
Connect both PCs to VLAN 2.
Did it work? _____________________________
Disconnect the RJ-45 cables used for this lab.

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NMS, EMS , OSS / BS , QOS IN NIB II PROJECT-3

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NMS, EMS , OSS / BS , QOS IN NIB II PROJECT-3

Project 3
[Messaging and Storage Service Platform, Provisioning, Billing & Customer
care, Enterprise Management System (EMS) and Security System.]
The Core messaging system shall be the heart of NIB-II that will enable BSNL to add
users across varied value added services. This shall envisage design and up gradation
of the current messaging system to grow from the existing infrastructure in NIB-I
supporting 650,000 users to support the increasing user base. The messaging systems
and associated Storage will be implemented in phases, in accordance with phased
induction of Access equipment.
The system shall be an integrated provisioning, billing, customer care and accounting
platform and shall support billing for the complete range of IP based services
mentioned and meet next-generation requirements as well.
The salient aspects of the projects are summarized as follows:
Setting up proven, robust, scalable Messaging Solution with best in class
security components.
Roll out across the country supported by 5 Messaging & associated storage
systems at Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai and Kolkata.
Designed with High Availability architecture with no single point of failure.

Components of the Solution:

The proposed solution shall consist of the following components with the items of
functionality listed below:
(i) Messaging
a) DNS, AAA
b) MMP
c) LDAP (Consumer, Replicator Hub, Primary and Secondary)
d) SMTP IN & OUT
e) Messaging Servers
f) Address Book Servers, etc.
(ii) Storage
a) SAN Switch & SAN Storage
b) Tape Library
c) Staging Servers, etc.

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Storage platform

Various Applications servers placed at the 5 Messaging Storage locations like

LDAP, AAA, EMS, Messaging, UMS & Billing etc. would require Data
storage capacities for storing User‘s mailboxes, Billing data etc. Such huge
storage requirements need to be met with the Fast, Reliable & Scalable storage
devices that would be deployed as ―End to End High Performance Switched
Architecture Fiber Channel SAN (Storage Area Networks) providing No
Single Point of Failure‖.
Such storage device should be compatible with all the Servers of major
companies such as HP, IBM, SUN, Dell etc. so that choice of Application
Servers Platform remains independent of the storage device.
System Dimensioning:
The user base will be serviced through 5 Messaging and associated Storage systems
that will be set up in the 5 cities. Each of the cities will be connected through the IP
Backbone. Since the proposed user base is envisaged to increase in a phased manner,
the associated messaging system is also proposed to be upgraded in phases
correspondingly.
The system should be designed to support:
On-line services such as Internet, pay-per-view TV and video on demand or a
combination of all or some of the above.
Periodic charges, such as telephone line and cable TV rental.
One-time costs, such as connection fees.
Events, such as telephone calls, data service usage, pay-per-view TV
selections, home shopping purchases, utility metered usage – such as
electricity supply (live site example)
Financial services ASP services.
Telephony services.
Enterprise Backup Systems.
The billing system shall be capable of
Providing electronic versions of bills to customers over the Internet.
Creation/modification of service.
Processing Service requests in real time and non-real time and accounting in
real time.
Producing flexible billing depending upon the use of service.

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Security Systems
These include the following.
Load Balancers
Firewall Appliances
Intrusion Detection System
Antivirus system, etc.
Network Operation Center (NOC)
The NOC shall provide facility for centralized Network Management and end-to-end
Provisioning of multiple services, giving a single view of the entire network services
being delivered countywide. The servers for the NOC shall be connected through a
Gigabit Ethernet link from Core router with three zones of firewall within the Centre.
The network shall be centrally managed from Network Operation Centre (NOC)
located at two sites, one of them being master and the other the disaster recovery site.
The main NOC is at Bangalore with Disaster Recovery is at Pune. Interface to the
NMS back-office facility shall be provided along with Firewall security in the Data
Centre. All customer databases shall reside centrally at NOC.
The NMS of NIB-II project 1 is the comprehensive NMS for entire NIB-II including
NIB-I, MPLS VPN, Project 2.1, Project 2.2, which will support entire F (Fault), C
(Configuration), A (Accounting including Access/Inventory), P (Performance) and S
(Security functionality). The conceptual view of eMS, NMS OSS/BSS for NIB-II is
given in figure 1 and the connectivity Architecture of NOC at Bangalore is shown in
figure 2.

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Fig.1 Conceptual view of eMS, NMS, EMS OSS/BSS for NIB-II

Fig. 2: Bangalore NOC Connectivity Architecture.

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Service Level Agreement (SLA):

It shall be possible to support SLA i.e. the level of service that the customer can
expect together with any penalties to be levied by the service provider for failure to
deliver. It should be possible to provide at least 4 classes of services. The SLA
parameters shall include measurements of service delivery, availability, latency,
throughput and restoration time etc. It should be possible to generate management
reports providing information on customer node configuration and charges, faults and
achievement against the SLAs. It shall be possible to deliver network management
reports via a secure Website.
Implementation of OSS, Messaging, Storage, Billing, EMS & Security Solutions
Messaging
Messaging Solution of NIB-II will provide the SMTP, POP3, IMAP4,
WEBMAIL, WAPMAIL and Notifications services as a Class Of Service to
all the customers of NIB-II and NIB-I
Will support for Country wide roaming for dial up and message store access
through any data center.
The Messaging Server will support Wireless messaging and Directory services
to WAP enabled phones and laptop users
Message store will be content aware to support different types of services to
be created by BSNL ranging from text email to multi-media messaging service
Will provide Family Mailbox where the head of the family can manage
options for Family members. Options will include setting of allowed and block
senders and recipients and control of Anti-SPAM settings.
Messaging solution shall provide flexible control of message aging to define
the conditions under which messages are automatically erased
Web mail interface will support multimedia message types for voice and fax
mail, providing unified messaging interface in future
Message Transfer Agent (MTA) will be designed to handle peak loads without
service degradation or message loss
MTAs will be designed to handle large message queues. There will be
capability available to analyze and manage large message queues generated
due to unreachability of message store (internal) and mail exchangers of other
ISPs (external) or SPAM
Web Hosting
Web space (Data Storage) on servers based on UNIX and Microsoft for
hosting HTML pages with browser
Ftp access for uploading and downloading pages as per the plan. Restriction
on simultaneous ftp sessions
FrontPage etc. access for Web-publishing
Multiple Email Ids per domain with flexible email quota, as per the plan
Web Interface for centralized administration by user and administrators for
services, usage reports, invoice and other reports
It will provide access to customers for analyzing the Web-site performance
through analysis tools

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Interface for online registration of domain name

Web Collocation
Necessary Security measures will be implemented both from customer and
BSNL‘s perspective
Billing for this will be done on the basis of usage
One of the service differentiator will be bandwidth on which the server is
collocated.
Security Solution
Anti-Virus solution: It will provide a mechanism to detect unknown virus. The
solution will protect any Gateway and SMTP traffic from virus
Notification: For mails containing repeated complaints regarding abuse from
the same IP address, mail will be sent automatically to the technical contact of
the assignee of that IP address
Network Intrusion detection System: The NIDS will detect unauthorized
internal/external intrusion attempts into the data centers of NIB-II and will
enable to apply appropriate policies on the firewall so as to prevent such
attacks in real time. Suitable alarms will also be sent to the Security Control
Console
Anti Control System: It is provided for Database servers, Messaging Stores,
Web-Hosting Servers and NIDS
Self-protection: Must be able to prevent hackers with
root/administrator access from circumventing or shutting down the
security engine
Resource protection: Must allow controlling of access to all system
resources including data files, devices, processes/services and audit
files
Rights delegation: Must provide the ability to designate specific users
as administrators, auditors and password managers etc with appropriate
rights
Program Controls: Must provide protection against Back Doors and
Trojan Horses
Enterprise Management System
Objective of EMS is to provide a snap-shot graphical view of the health of
NIB-II IT infrastructure as a whole including networking equipment, servers
and services (business and process view)
Reporting system will be able to generate customized reports such as event-
level, performance -level and service-level reports grouped by specific data
fields such as time period, location, customer, series type, device type etc
Security Management will display alarm and events specified by the criteria
such as alarm type, vendor, service, location, source of attack, type of attack
and impacted services

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Event Management will capture all the events that are being generated across
the complete IT infrastructure, correlates them and initiate corrective actions
automatically, as defined
System& Application Management will measure the availability and
performance of heterogeneous host systems on a 24x7x365 basis and initiate
preventive and corrective actions automatically
System& Application Management will monitor and manage multiple
attributes (such as status, memory usage, size and resident size, process time,
threads, response time, average throughput and CPU utilization etc) of a
running process and problems and perform restart when processes go down. It
will generate reports on QOS and capacity planning
Database Management will be able to manage tables including database, table
space, buffer pool, processes and session summaries. It will be able to look at
thresholds of objects like free space, process page faults, transaction rates and
average wait time
Service Management will be able to measure Availability /response time of
applications (Basic services, Email services, Web services, Mission critical
applications). It will be possible to specify SLA for the applications and
monitor them
EMS will have tool to monitor SLA .It will provide alerts for SLA violations
and violation trends, for proactively correcting service level problems
Asset Management will store hardware and software inventory information of
all the servers and desktops& creating, tracking and maintaining records for
the assets and components
Objective of Operation Support System (OSS)

OSS will allow BSNL to carryout automation of majority of the processes

needed in service definition & provisioning, service activation, authentication,
authorization and accounting, mediation, rating, billing and invoicing etc.
including service assurance and customer care
OSS shall provide an integrated view of all customers and services across the
network for Customer life cycle management
This includes a customizable web-based GUI client tools for configuration and
setup

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OSS ARCHITECTURE

WEB SELF CARE PORTAL/IVRS (CTI)

Database DB
Rating

Billing & Wholesale

Remittance settlement
OM work Flow

ticketing/Help desk

DB
management

Payment Reporting
Provisioning

Accounting
Subscriber

Trouble
Order

GL &
others

MIDDLEWARE-ENTERPRISE APPLICATION INTEGRATION (EAI)

Performance Management

Enterprise Management
Database

Voucher Management
Fault Management

Service Activation

Network Inventory

Mediation

Database

system

system
NIB-II Network Infrastructure (NE&NEManagers) All NIB-II Servers (Networking and
procured in project 1,2.1,2.2 Security Appliances and their Element
Managers)
Figure 3

Web Portal
Web Portal will be the gateway for customer and CSR based on their
authorizations for accessing various system, services etc
Portal will have an integration, with NMS, EMS and OSS for providing
services to the BSNL‘s customer service representatives (direct, indirect,
helpdesk, supervisor) and account managers
Portal services Ranging from business, process, network, customer specific
maps/views, trouble-ticketing, pre-sales query, post-sales order-booking, order
tracking, trouble –shooting etc
Portal will integrate with components like Service Provisioning, Order
Management, Billing, Customer Care, EMS and Messaging etc. to provide a
unified view of the network and services to the customers and CSRs for all the
front office functions and some back office functions

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Order status and history provide both subscribers and the customer service
representatives with sufficient data to fully manage and monitor the service
selection and delivery process
It will be possible to provide a user friendly interface for customers to plan
and schedule their bandwidth for Band width on Demand services
Services provided by portal to the customers
Customer registration services for both pre-paid and post-paid customer
Self-registration for getting information about products and services
Self-registration for availing services such as post-paid dialup service based on
telephone number authentication
Shopping cart for procuring services
Access to services such as messaging, web-hosting, storage and content-
services etc. This will include on demand services like video on demand and
online gaming etc
Booking an order for services. Allow the user to submit, and track service
requests online at any time
View current bill status in real time including billed, unbilled and pre-billed
services, payment-details and other related information
Reporting a problem by opening a fault docket and tracking its solution
View the status of related network and services subscribed
View the status of SLA compliance, SLA resolution and rebates applied
through integration with billing and NMS

ORDER MANAGEMENT
OM will have
Customer Interface Management
Order Entry and Validation
Workflow Management
Customer Interface Management & Order Entry and Validation:
Order will be entered through Web-portal by CSR or Customer directly
CSR will accept the order after completion of signed order form by the
customer. He will scan it and attach it with the online order form
All orders will be checked against the feasibility from the RMS For all
committed orders, check will be made for customers credit worthiness/default
and the billing system will generate a unique ID for the customer
It will be possible to query the status of order, service, billing etc. on the basis
of unique ID
OM will track the order status
OM will inform the billing system of successful provisioning or else it will
roll back all the steps
Record all the transactions between OM and customer

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Record the details of the services provisioned for the customer

Purge customer data from RDBMS and LDAP databases based on pre-defined
and configurable policies when the customer surrenders service
Work Flow Management:
Work Flow Management will automate the process that controls and monitors
the execution of an order according to the customer requirements. This
involves the steps of qualification, reservation, configuration and verification
of a service fulfillment instance
Work Flow Management will integrate OM and provisioning Management
systems (PMS) being procured under project-1, project –2.2 and Whole-sale
Dial Application being procured under project-2.1
Subscriber Provisioning Management System (SPMS)
SPMS will cover the provisioning of following services under project 2.1 and project
3 through configurations in files. Subscriber Provisioning will be fully flexible to
support all the requirements of services
Dial up Internet Access with different variants
Messaging with different Variants
Web Hosting
Web Collocation
Domain Hosting
Broadband Internet Access with Content delivery through SSSC.
Mediation
Billing mediation will be responsible for collecting usage and other charging
data from the various network nodes, normalize the data into a consistent
format and distribute it to other applications and billing system for processing
this information
System will collect different parameters from different sources to provide
Cflow and Netflow based collection and mediation for usage based billing of
different services including MPLS-VPN, Web-hosting, Message-Hosting etc
Parameters are
Bandwidth
Volume
Time of day/ day of week/ month (Peak/off peak)
Application (WWW, Email (POP3/IMAP4), Video, E-
commerce etc )
Destination
Type of Service (Gold, Silver, Bronze/best efforts) etc

DATABASE

Latest Oracle RDBMS will be used with all applications

RDBMS will work in fail over mode over geographical locations

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RDBMS will work in a distributed mode across multiple servers

RDBMS will work in a cluster mode
Provisioning will be made for data replication to or from databases of project
1,2.1 and 2.2

HELP DESK AND TROUBLE TICKETING

Whenever a customer reports a problem, a unique trouble ticket-ID will be
generated by the system. This will be intimated to the customer, so that he can
track the status on the basis of this ID
It will be possible for customers to submit and check the status of reported
problems through web interface
System will automatically track, log and escalate user interactions and
requests
CSRs will be able to view, change the status of the calls, reassign/ transfer the
trouble tickets to others CSRs or technical specialist through the web interface
Will be able to generate various customized Service Level Reports e.g. Open
Call Reports, closed Call Reports, problem area/ Location Specific Reports
Will have the capability for accepting queries through various sources
including Telephone, email or Web interface
System will check for tickets status and escalation and notify the management
or next level of support staff based on predefined Service Level Agreement
(SLA) which will include criteria like Service application, Severity and
customer etc
It will have bulletin board to allow CSRs, Managers and Customers to post
and review messages about critical issues
It will be possible to track the time spent on specific case
It will be possible to generate work orders for field staff or technicians for
fault repair
Trouble ticketing system will interface with SLA and performance
management systems to account for the period of network or service
unavailability
Trouble ticketing system will be able to extract all incidents, resolution
progress reports and all affected services via its interface with the inventory
system
The trouble tickets will be attached to a work-flow where ever there are
multiple steps required for resolution
It will be possible to include information about the equipment, circuit built up
details etc in the trouble ticket automatically after obtaining the same from
inventory
Will integrate with web-portal for report trouble ticket status
System will allow CSR to check the network fault status as part of problem
investigation
Billing

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Billing engine will cater to all the billing requirements of BSNL include Retail
Billing (Prepaid and Postpaid), Wholesale and third party billing, Inter connect
and content billing, Dealers and Agents Commissions etc
Billing system will support the preparation of detailed bill, Differential tariff,
Cross product discounting, Sponsored/split billing. Bundled accounting, Hot
billing/On-demand billing, Hierarchy/ Corporate billing, Discounts &
Promotions, Taxes, Notification system, Dealers and Agent commissions,
Content Billing
Billing system will allow customers the option of receiving complete event
details along with their invoice or view them online through the Web portal.
Provision will also be available for the customer to print the event-details from
the Web portal in a printable format
Content Billing
System will provide BSNL subscribers to access services provided by external
content providers and be able to handle the revenue sharing with the content
provider within the single billing platform
System will allow content providers who do not have their own customer care
and billing system to use the billing system of BSNL
Authentication, Authorization and Accounting
Irrespective of mode of access (such as Dial-up Internet access, outsourced
remote access, managed VPNs, Broadband etc), it will manage the
Authentication of all users/customers- both locally and via proxy RADIUS-
and deliver the appropriate level of service to each customer
It will enable defining access schemes by time-of days, days-of-week, call
type (PSTN, ISDN and DSL etc.), calling number and called number etc
It will be capable of authenticating through CLI, DNIS, Voucher number, pin
code etc
Radius server will be able to handle at least 10,000 concurrent sessions per
second
It will integrate with Billing server for providing real time pre-paid balance
management and session management across multiple sessions of multiple services of
a user.

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