VLSM & IP ADDRESSING EXAMPLE QUESTIONS with answers; 1 Given the network address of 112.44.0.0 and the network mask of 255.255.0.0, ‘Would the two stations with addresses 112.44.22.19/16 and 112.44.23.2/16 be on the same network? 112.44.0.016 ie, 16 bits of network 112,44.0.0 through to 112.44,255,255 112,44.22.19/16 is on the same network as 112.44.23.2/16 2 Workstations with addresses 172.16.22.1/22 and 172.16.23.9/22 share what network and broadcast address ? 172.16.22.1/22 i.e. 22 bits of network = LO bits host 6.20.0 through to 172.16.23.255 16.20.0122 js the network 172.16.23.255 is the broadeast address 3 How many network devices can be supported on a single network using network mask of 255,255.240.0 ? 285,25.240.0 ie. 20bits of network = 12 bits bost 12 bits will support up to 4094 devices devices share the same network: A 192.168.78.2529 B 192.168.78.23/29 © 192.168.78.33/29 168.78.38/29 E 192.168.78.41/29 29 bits of network = bits of host 3 bits will support 6 hosts in each network Networks would be; 0 § 16 24 32 40 48 Cand D are in the same network (192.168.7832 5 Which of the following would best support a point to point link A. 255.255.285.253 B 255.255.2550 © 255.255.255.128 255.252 52.0 ‘To support each end of a point to point connection, two addresses are required. ie, 2 hosts to be supported ~ 2 bits of host 2 bits ofhost = 30 bits of network = D (255.255.255.252) addresses would be 0 = network first connection second connection broadcast address6 8 10 255.240.0, 255.255.128) Which addresses should not be advertised to the Internet 68.0.2 112,56.22.5 Any private adresses (and local addresses) should not be advertised B 192,168,023 part of the 192.168.0.0°24 C 100.782 partof the 100.008 D_ 127.0.0.1 (loopback address) Given a class B network of 155.44.200.0, what mask could be used to provide 15 networks each supporting 120 users 255.255.252.0 50 5.240 120 users would require 7 bits of host address space 7 bits of host = 25 bits of network So we need 15 x 25 bit networks out of the supplied class B 155.44.200.0 44,200,128 155.44.201.0 155.44.201.128, 155.44.202.0 0 ete with a network mask of 255.255.255.128 Subnet Number = 9 bit (difference between Classfull and host bits) ‘What would be used to share a single public address within a company B Private Addressing and NAT Private Addressing and PAT D PAT (Port Address Translation) would be correct Private Addressing and PAT would be a better answer How many hosts could be supported on a 22 bit network bits ~ 1024 less network and broadcast) E 1022 ( ‘What isthe broadcast address and network for station 192.168.99.77/19 19 bits of network = 13 bits of ost network is 192.168.96.0 Broadcast is 192.168.127.25511 The network 182.16.192.0 with a mask of 255.255.240.0 will support a B c D E 12 What is the broadcast and network address for host 112.48.160.183 255.2: 13. What is the broadcast and network address for host 222.129.199.22: 256 stations 1024 stations 4094 stations 4096 stations 1022 stations 255.255.240.0 = 20 bits of network ~ 12 bits of host 12 bits = 4094 stations (4096 less network and broadcast) 5.192 255.255.255.192 = 26 bits of network = 6 bits of host 112.48. 160.128 is the network 8.160.191 is the broadeast 1 bits of network = 11 bits of host 29.192.0 is the network 2.129.199.255 is the broadcast 14 What is the zero subnet address where the station address is 164.20.227.6/19 19 bits of network = 13 bits of host 164.20.224.0 is the network 164.20.255.255 is the broadcast the Subnet Number (classfll mask — host bits) ~ 3 bits ifall3 subnet sumber bits = zero network = 163.20.0.0/19 (called the Zero-Subnet) ** old format ifall3 subnet number bits = one network = 163.2 (called the broadcast subuet) ** old format 224.0119 15 What will be the source mae address in a packet received from 192.168.0.1 by 192.168.0.244/25 mac address of 192.168.0.1 mac address of the 192,168.0.0/25 gateway mae address of the 192.168.0.128/25 gateway D_ mac address of gateway for 192.168,0.244 ame address of gateway for 192.168.0.1 A B c E 25 bit network = 7 bit host 192.168.0.1 is on different network to 192.168.0.244 traffic between the networks would use the gateway Although several answers are correct C and maybe E, the best answer is D (192.168.0.244 would receive from it’s gateway, as we are not sure if it is the same gateway for 192.168.0.1 and/or if there is only one gateway for 192.168.0.244)16 What single summary address could be used for the following networks; 192.168,32.0/19 192.168.0.0 25 192.168.64.0118 35.240.0, 19 bit network, 20 bit network and a 18 bit network take the shortest network prefix (18 bits) and eheck that all networks are within. _192.168.0.0/18 would only cover 192.168.0.0 through to 192.168.63.255. - so we need to expand to 17 bit to cover the .64/18 falco - Best answer ig 192.168.0.0117 (255.255.128.0) this would cover networks required 192,168.32.0/19 is 192.168.32.0 up to 192.168.63.255 192.168.0.0/20 is 192.168.0.0 upto 192.168.15.255 192.168.64.0/18 is 192.168.64.0 upto 192.168.127.255 i.e. the question calls for cover for the networks 192.168.0.0 upto 192.168.15.285 then a gap from 192.168.16,0 up to 192.168.31.25S and cover for 192.168.32.0 up to 192.168.127.255 ~ this is not possible with a single summary, so we have to provide the best fit 192.168.16.0 up to 192.168.31.255 is not required by the question bbat has to be covered by the summary in order to cover the 64/18 network. Not ideal, but the question ask for a SINGLE SUMMARY therefore this is the best you can do, 17 An ISP supplies a class B network of 136.210.0.0 to an enterprise that requires ten networks each to support 110 users, What is the network mask that would be configured in each workstation ‘and what would be the NetID, Subnet Number? 10 users would need 7 bits of hast = 25 bit networks Subnet Number would be 16-7 = 9 bits the class B COULD be split into (9 bits worth) 512 networks We could take the first ten networks to answer the question: NetID = 136.210.0.0 Subnet Number Networks 136,210.00 136.210.0.128 136.210.10 136.210.1128 136.210.2.0 136.210.2.128 13621030 1362103128. 13621040 136.210.4.128 each supporting 126 addresses witha mask of 255.255.255.128 networks 136,210.5.0 through to 136.210.255.128, would be five and uused for future use ‘NOTE - the exam wants to see you are not wasting address space and not allocating ALL the address space at this time... Sometimes the question will ask you to divide the given address space into WAN links using /30 and LANs to support m hosts ete.. and will want to see you are able to do so without waste and show that you have thought ahead to allow your organization to expand into the adress space. Best practice also states — due to broadeast traffic, itis advisable 10 limit the size of PC user LANs to 1000 ~ so do not make your LANs too big18 What destination network address would be seen in a packet leaving an Internet host that was destine for a work station of a company that makes use of NAT to reach the internal network. 192.168.10.0°24 ; ‘A 192.168.10.0 B the inside-local address the inside-global address D the outside-local addvess E_ the ovtside-global address Internal addresses seen inside the company are inside-local addresses and are not sent out to the Internet but are translated into inside-global, addresses and sent to the Internet. Outside-global addresses are public and are sent through the Internet. Outside-local addresses are translations of public addresses into private or alternative addresses for use oa a private network. ‘Answer... an Internet host would be sending a packet to a public address on the Intemet.... ie. the address seen by the public Tmtemnet to represent the private device... the public address may then be twanslated when it reaches the private company to address the device on the private network. C inside-global address 19 What source network address would be seen in a packet leaving an Internet host that was destine for a work station of a company that makes use of NAT to reach the internal network 192.168.10.0°24 ; ‘A. 192.168.10.0/24 B the inside-local address the inside-global address D the outside-local addvess E_ the ovtside-global address E the outside-global address 20 An TSP supplies a class C network of 236.20.0.0 to an enterprise that requires three networks each to support 37 users. What is the network mask and network address that would be configured in each Workstation and what Would be the NetID, Subnet Number and Host Numbers ? ‘we need 6 bits of host to support the 37 users 6 bits ofhost = 26 bits of network (255. Subnet Number = 8 - 6 = 2bits wwe can fit 2 bits worth of networks into the class C (4 networks) ‘Network Mask ~ 255.255.255.192 ‘Network addresses would be 236.20.0.0/26 236.20.0.64/26 ‘and 236,20.0.128/26 with 236.20.0.192/26 free ‘NetID remains 236,20.00 Subnet Number = 2 255.192) 21 On network 10.210.44.0/22 with a gateway address of 10.210.46.1 What mac address would be seen in a packet leaving a workstation destine for 10.210.45.254 as the destination ? 10.210.45.254 is on the 10.210.44.0/22 network destinstion mac would be seen of 10.210.45.25424 Station addressed 10.210.46.112/21 with a gateway addvess of 10.210.46.1 What would be the destination mac address of a packet destine for 10.210.49.2 + ‘A. mac address of 10.210.49.2 B mune address of 10.210.46.1 Cac address of 10.210.46.0/21 D_ unable to determine ‘As the destination is not on the local 10.210.32.0/21 network, ‘The packet would be sent via the gateway. B Asstation with address 10.210.46.33/21 and gateway address of 10.210.46.1 What would be the destination mac address of a packet destine for 10.210.47.2 : ‘A. mac address of 10.210.47.2 B_ mac address of 10.210.46.1 © mac address of 10.210.44.0/21 D unable te determine A asthey are on the same local network Given the network 244.10,10.0/25 Select an addressing scheme to support 20 loopback addresses and addresses for 5 point to poiat links with room for expansion in either direction. Loopbacks need only one address (255.255.255.255 mask) = Ibit Point to point links need 2 addresses ( 55.252 masks) = 2 bits Loopback addresses 244.10.10.1/32 244.10.10.2/32 244.10.10.3 ete. Point to point addresses 244.10.10.236/30 244.10.10.240/30 244.10,10.244/30 244.10.10.248'30 244.10,10.25230 (On network 192. 168.33,192/26 a station is configured with an address of 192.168,33.220/26 and a gateway address of 192.168.33.180 What problems, if any, would be seen ? ‘The gateway adress is not on the local network. The station would not be able to send traffic beyond the local network. ‘On network 10.210.46.0/25 a station is configured with an address of 10.210.46.11, mask of 255.255.2550 and a gateway address of 10.210.46.37 ‘What problems, if any, would be sean ? ‘Network masks are not equal, [fit exists, the 10.210.46.128/25 network would rot be reachable from the workstation as the gateway is only used for networks outside of the full 24 bit network (255.255.255.0)