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Answer Keys
1 B 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 B 6 D 7 A
8 B 9 B 10 A 11 B 12 C 13 75 14 14.93
15 A 16 2.38 17 B 18 62.5 19 40 20 10 21 35
22 C 23 D 24 337.5 25 B 26 D 27 D 28 D
29 C 30 D 31 519.5 32 C 33 D 34 A 35 2
36 B 37 C 38 13.82 39 0.5 40 2.5 41 B 42 A
43 A 44 A 45 D 46 976 47 C 48 0.459 49 0.45
50 14.66 51 8 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 B 56 D
57 C 58 C 59 A 60 C 61 D 62 C 63 C
64 C 65 C
Explanations:-

1. Given D.E is Bernoulli' s D.E

Multiplying with ' y −2 '
dy
y −2 + y −1 = cos2 x
dx
y −1 = t
Diffierentiat in g w.r.t ' X "
dy dt
⇒ − y −2 =
dx dx
dt
⇒− + t = cos2 x
dx
dt
⇒ − t = − cos2 x which is linear D.E in' t '
dx

∂f
2. P= = 4x3 + 4y
∂x
∂f
q= = 4y3 + 4x − 4y
∂y
r = 12x2 ; s = 4; t = 12y2 − 4
r at ( )
2, − 2 = 24

s at ( 2, − 2) = 4

t at ( 2, − 2 ) = 20

∴ rt − s2 = 464 > 0 and r > 0

minimum value exists at ( 2, − 2 )
minimum is f ( )
2, − 2 = −8

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3. φ ( x, y ) = x2 y + yz
normal vector = gradφ = ∇φ
∂φ ∂φ ∂φ
=i
∂x
+j
∂y
+ k
∂z
= i2xy + j x2 + z + ky ( )
normal vector at (1,1,1) = 2i + 2j + k

5. Pressure coil of meter connected to R-phases connected in between neutral and B

phase.
M1 L1
VB

iB

R
V1 LOAD
C1 φB

N VR
φR

iR
V2
C2
B LOAD

−VB

M2 L2

iM1L1 = iR Vc1 V1 = − VB .
iM2 L2 = iB Vc2 V2 = VR
∴ reading of meter 1 = VB × iR × cos ( ∠ − VB1iR )
= VB × iR × cos ( 90 − φR ) = VBiR sin φR ......(1)
reading of meter 2 = VR × iR × cos(∠VB1iB )
= VR × iR × cos(90 − φB ) = VR × iB × sin φB
∴ VR = VB = V
total reading of meter 1 + meter2 = V × iR sin φR + V × iB × sin φB
so the meter reads reacctive power

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6. We can obtain the frequency ratio as folllwing

•
•
• •• • • • • •

•
•
•

(Y)
(X)

fy meeting po int s of horizontal tan gents

For x =
fx meeting po int s of vertical tan gents
fy 6 3
= =
fx 4 2
fy meeting po int s of horizontal tan gents
For Y =
fx meeting po int s of vertical tan gents
fy 3
=
fx 2

R Re q Re q Re q 1
8. Power factor = = = = =
Z Re q + X 2
R 2
+ (2 R eq ) 2
Re q 5 5
eq eq

KQ1 KQ2
9. V= +
R1 R2
⎡ 10 9 ⎤
V =K⎢ + ⎥ × 10−6
⎣ 6 6⎦
9
V = 9 × 10 ⎡⎣5.5824⎤⎦
V = 50.24 KV

10. Chopper input=110-10×0.5=105 V

Battery voltage=120V=(1-D)-1.105
⇒ D = 0.125

πE π × 10−9
11. G2 = = = 4.35 pF / m
D 1.5 × 1000
ln 36π ln 1
r 1 + ⎣⎡(D)2 / 4h2 ⎦⎤ ⎛ 2.25 ⎞ 2
2.5 ⎜ 1 +
⎝ 196 ⎟⎠
For 40 km = 4.35 × 10−12 × 40 × 1000 = 0.174 µF

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2i
12. Since K is negative angle of asymptotes = 0 ≤ i ≤ (P − Z − 1)
P−Z
π 3π
So if i = 0, angle = 0;i = 1, angle = ;i = 2, angle = π ;i = 3, angle =
2 2

13. Let the total voltage be x.

1
Voltage across bottom most unit is x
3
Voltage across string
String efficiency = × 100
n × Voltage across bottom most unit
x
= × 100 = 75%
1
4× x
3

14. R T = R1 + R 2 = 0.12 Ω; X T = X1 + X2 = 0.32 Ω

R2
Z01 = 0.122 + 0.322 = 0.3418 Ω; S = = 14.93%
R 2 + Z01

15. 11KV, 50 Hz, 200 kW @ 0.8 pf

200
Q= × 0.6 = 150 kVAR
0.8
1
Q sup plied by each capacitor = × 150 = 50 kVAR
3
∴ Qc = (ω) × c× VL2
= 2π × 50 × c × (11)2 = 50 × 103
∴ c = 1.316 µF
This is the capacitance of each capacitor in ∆ − conneciton.
The capacitance per phase=3×C=3×1.316=3.948 µF.

Ns − Nr 1500 − 1410
16. slip s1 = = = 0.06
Ns 1500
5 5 5
Rotor input = = = = 5.3191 KW
1 − s1 1 − 0.06 0.94
Stator input = Rotor input + stator loss = 5.3191+0.5 = 5.819 KW
1500 − 1250
Slip s2 = = 0.1666
1500
6
Rotor input = = 7.2 KW; Stator input = 7.2 + 1.0 = 8.2 KW
1 − 0.166
∴ change in stator input = 8.2 − 5.819 = 2.38 KW

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45
17. iR = = 1.5 A
30
4
ip = 45 × × 10−3 = 3A
0.9
1 1
ω= = = 16666 rad / sec
LC 0.9 × 10 × 4 × 10−6
−3

⎛I ⎞
sin−1 ⎜ R ⎟
π ⎜I ⎟
condution time = + ⎝ p ⎠ = 1.98 m sec
ω ω

18. Vs = 1∠0o
1∠0o
IL = = −0.125jA
8j
Ic = j ωc1∠0p as ω = 2 = j2cA
Is = IL + Ic = j (2C − 0.125)
For Vs and Is to be in phase.Phase of Is should be 0, So imaginary term is 0.
2C − 0.125 = 0 ⇒ c = 0.0625F

19. 0
x 10 n sec 10
10 20 n sec
y 0 10
0
0 15 n sec 15
40 n sec
0 15 10
15
25
0 15 C
z 0

Carry propagation path is XOR − AND − OR

10+15+15=40 n sec

π
1
∫ X(e ) e dω
jω jωn
20. x(n) =
2π −π
π
1
∫ X(e ) e dω
jω 0
x(0) =
2π −π
1
⇒ x(0) = [20π] = 10
2π

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1
21. W= B.H
2
B = µH
1
W = µH2 µ = ( µ0.µr )
2
1 350
H2 = 102 + 152 + 52 =
4π 4π
−7
µ = 4π × 10 × 2
4π × 10−7 × 2 1
H= × × 350
2 4π
H = 35µJ / m2

22. Under balanced state:

Z1 Z Z1 40 K
= 3
Z2 Z4 10 K Z3
10 × 103 40 × 103
=
1 z D ∼
100 × 103 +
(
jω 100 × 10−6 )
⎡ 1 ⎤ 100 µF Z
∴ z = 4 ⎢100 × 103 + −6 ⎥
Z4
⎣ jω(100 × 10 ) ⎦
1 100 k
Z = 400k + Z2
(
jω 25 × 10−6 )
∴ the equivalent for z is R in series with ' C '
Figure
25 µF
400k

V1 V
23. = 2 = cons tan t = Bmax .Hysterrys loss is directly Proportional to frequency
f1 f2
Eddy current loss is directly proportional to square of the frequency
2
Pe2 ⎛f ⎞ ⎛ 100 ⎞
2
⎛ 100 ⎞
2

=⎜ 2⎟ =⎜ ⎟ = 4 ⇒ Pe2 = 300 ⎜ ⎟ = 1200W

Pe1 ⎝ f1 ⎠ ⎝ 50 ⎠ ⎝ 50 ⎠
PH2 f 100
= 2 = = 2 ⇒ PH2 = 2 × 700 = 1400 W
PH1 f1 50
PC2 = PH2 + Pe2 = 1200 + 1400 = 2600 W(total)

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24. Stored energy =100×8=800 MJ

Md2 δ
Pa = 80 − 50 = 30 MW =
dt2
stored energy
M=
180 f
800 4
M= = MJ s / elect deg
180 × 50 45
4 d2 δ
= 30
45 dt2
d2 δ
α = 2 = 337.5 elect deg/ s2
dt

⎡ V1 ⎤ ⎡Z11 Z12 ⎤ ⎡i1 ⎤

25. ⎢ ⎥=⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ V2 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣Z21 Z22 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣i2 ⎥⎦
For the symmetric lattice network
1
Z11 = Z22 = ⎡⎣ 4 + 2⎤⎦ = 3
2
1
Z21 = Z12 = ⎡⎣2 − 4⎤⎦ = −1
2
⎡3 −1⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ −1 3 ⎥⎦

26. Using Laplace transform of derivatives

27. Spectral matrix is the resultant diagonal matrix obtained by D = P-1 A P.P is
modal matrix consisting eigen vectors
But the spectral matrix consists always the eigen values as its principal diagonal
elements
⎡ −2 0 0⎤
⎢ ⎥
∴ D = ⎢ 0 3 0⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 6⎥⎦

1 1
1/2
1 2
⎛ x3 ⎞ 2 1
∫ f(x)dx = ∫ 3x dx = 3 ⎜ ⎟ = = 0.125
2
28. P(x ≤ ) =
2 0 0 ⎝ 3 ⎠0 8

29. z = 1 is a singularity, which is a pole of order 2

d ⎡ e−z ⎤ 1
⎡⎣Re sf ( z ) ⎤⎦ = lim ⎢ ( z − 1)
2
( )
⎥ = lim −e − z = −e −1 = −
z →1 dz ⎢
( z − 1) ⎥⎦ e
z =1 2 z →1
⎣

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30. Here op-amp works as a comparator so at output terminal of op-amp only two
values possible, +20 or –20 (Saturation values).
When V0 = +20V Zener is in reverse breakdown. So it can be replaced as +4V.
2
In this case voltage at 2Ω resistor = UTP = × (20 − 4) = +4V
8
So voltage drop across positive terminal will be =4+4=8V
When V0 = −20V Zener is in forward bias and it behaves as short circuit
2
At this time voltage at positive terminal of op-amp = LTP = × ( −20) = −4V
10
Hence hysteresis width = 8 − ( −4) = 12V

31. First the current coil is connected is R-phase and pressure coil is connected
between this phase and the neutral as shown below. cc
R
Reading of watt meter W
W1 = Ip vp cos θ1 , cos θ1 = 0.8 ⇒ θ1 = 36.06o
VL IL vL
400 = IL cos θ ⇒ 400 = × 0.8 Pc
3 3 N
Now when pressure coil is connected
Between B and Y phases, the circuit is

R
Y
W

B
N
R

IL

23.14o
θ1
Angle θ2 = 23.14o + 30o = 54.14o θ2

YvB
Now wattmeter reading W2 = VYBIL cos θ2
400 × 3
From equation (1) VL IL =
0.8
400 Y
so W2 = × 3 × cos 53.14o = 519.5 W
0.8 B

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1000
32. Nominal ratio knom = = 200
5
Turns ratio k t = knom = 200
sec ondary induced voltage
Es = 5 × 1.4 = 7v
primary induced voltage
E 7
Ep = s = v
kt 200
Loss component of exiciting current,
Iron cos 1.4
Iw = = = 40 A
Ep 7 / 200
Magnetizing component
mmf 80
Im = = = 80 A
Np 1
As the burden is purely resistive, therefore the sedondary
load angle is zero δ = 0
Actual ratio
Im sin δ + Im cos δ 40
k act = k t + = 200 + = 208V ∴ δ = 0
Is 5
knom − k act 200 − 208
Ratio error = = × 100 = −3.846%
k act +208

1 3039.23
33. Pavg = ⎡400 × 10 × cos(60o ) + 300 × 4 × cos(30)⎤⎦ = = 1519.62 W
2⎣ 2
1 500
Vram = (400)2 + (300)2 = = 353.35 V
2 2
1
Irms = (10)2 + (4)2 = 7.62 A
2
3039.23
2 1519.615
∴ PF = = = 0.564
353.55 × 7.62 2694.1

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34. The instantaneous value of cs at which triggering will occur at the SCR trigger
point Vg(min) = 0.5V and Ig(min) = 0.1mA .
Using KVL around the gate circuit, we have
es = Ig (R V + R min) + VD + Vg

At trigger point
es (trigger) = 0.1mA(110 k Ω) + 0.7 V + 0.5 V = 12.2 V
Since es in a sine wave, it obeys the expression
es=Emax.sinωt=Emax sin (2πft )
Where 2πft is the phase angle at any instant of time, this angle is α. Thus
Emax=24V
es = 24 sin α
∴ 12.2 = 24 sin α
12.2
sin α =
24
∴ α = 30.6o

35. CD
CD CD CD CD ABCD
AB

AB 1 1 1 1
ABCD
ABC
AB

AB 1 1 1 1
A
1 1 1 0
AB
B
AC AD AC

Solving = A + Bso logical operations involved are(NOT)and OR (A,B) = 2

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n
2
⎛ 1 ⎞ −n 1 −1 1 − 2
36. H(z) = ∑ ⎜4⎟ z = 1+ 4 z + 4 z
n=0 ⎝ ⎠
⎛ 1 1 −2 ⎞
(
Y2 (z) = y1 (z)H(z) = 1 + z −1 − 5z −2 ⎜1 + z−1 +
⎝ 4
)
16
z ⎟
⎠
1 −1 1 −2 5 −3 1 −2 1 −3 5 −4
= 1 + z −1 − 5z −2 + z + z − z + z + z − z
4 4 4 16 16 16
⎡ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ ⎡ −5 1 ⎤ ⎡ −5 ⎤ ⎤
y2 (z) = ⎢1 + ⎜1 + ⎟ z −1 + z −2 ⎢ −5 + 4 + 16 ⎥ + z
−3
⎢ 4 + 16 ⎥ + z
−4
⎢ ⎥⎥
⎣ ⎝ 4⎠ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣16 ⎦ ⎦

⎛ 1⎞ ⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ −5 1 ⎞ 5
= δ(n) + ⎜ 1 + ⎟ δ(n − 1) + ⎜ −5 + ⎟ δ(n − 2) + ⎜ 4 + 16 ⎟ δ(n − 3) − 16 δ(n − 4)
⎝ 4 ⎠ ⎝ 16 ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
−5 1 19
y2 (3) = + =−
4 16 16

37. For impulse response

d
h (t) =
dt
( c ( t ) ) = 0 + 10e−10t − 10e−10t + 100te−t
C (s)
For τ or damping ratio find T ( s ) =
R (s)
1
Given R ( s ) =
s
( s + 10) − s ( s + 10) − 10s
2
1 1 10
c (s) = − − =
s s + 10 ( s + 10 )2
s ( s + 10 )
2

1 100 R ( s ) .100 C (s) 100

c (s) = . = ⇒ T ( s) = =
s ( s + 10 )2
( s + 10)
2
R ( s ) ( s + 10 )2
100
T (s) =
s2 + 20s + 100
ωn = 100, 2τωn = 20 ⇒ τ = 1

38. We observe that R 2 >> R1 so we assume R 2 → ∞;i.e the

R2 is behaving like open circuit. Thus this is not
a voltage divider biasing circuit
Vcc − VBE
IB = = 21.7 µA
RB + (1 + β ) (RE )

Ic = βIB = 2.17 mA

now β increases by 50%, so β = 150

IB = 16.46 µA

⇒ Ic = βIB = 2.47 mA

Thus percentage ∆Ic = 13.82%

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39. Vo= 20k × 50 io = 106 io

Vo
3mV+4k × io =
100
⇒ 3mV +4k × io = 104io ⇒ io=0.5µA and Vo=0.5V

40. First of all applying MPTT, power delivered to 10 is maximum when Thevenin’s
equivalent seen by it is 10 Ω .
(2.5)
2

For that R=20, taking value of this R, power delivered to 10 = = 0.625

10
Now R can be varied from 0 to infinite
(5 )
2

When R=0, P = = 2.5W

10
2
⎛ 10 ⎞
⎜ 3 ⎟ 10
⎝ ⎠
When R is open, P = = = 1.11W
10 9
Hence maximum = 2.5W

41. Zero=-8
Poles = −1, − 1 ± j 2, − 6
We can neglect effect of pole at s = -6, zero at s = -8
During approximation T(0) must be conserved.
20+8 2×8 8
T (0) = = =
0 +1 3+ 0 6 + 0 3×6 9
8
After approximation T ( s ) =
(
3 ( s + 1) s2 + 2s + 3 )
8 8
at s = 0 T ( 0 ) = =
3 0 +1 0 +3 9

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42. Total current IT = ID1 + ID2 and VDS1 + ID1 R s1 = VDS2 + ID2 Rs2

Also Rs2ID2 = Rs2 IT − ID1 ( )

∴ VDS1 + ID1 R s1 = VDS2 + R s2 IT − ID1 ( )
( )
or VDS1 + ID1 R s1 + R s2 = VDS2 + R s1 + IT .

VDS2 − VDS1 + R s2 IT 4.5 − 4 + 0.3 × 30

ID1 = = = 13.57A or 45.23 %
R s1 + R s2 (0.4 + 0.3)
ID2 = 30 − 13.57 = 16.43 or 54.77 %

Therefore in current sharing

∆I = ID2 − ID1 = 16.43 − 13.57 = 2.86A
or ∆I = 54.77 − 45.23 = 9.54%

43. ( VA − VB ) = 255 − 250 = 5V

Maximum voltage point

l (VA − VB )
x= +
2 10 − 1
500 5 ⎛ 0.1 ⎞
= + = ⎜∵ r = 0.1Ω / km = Ω / m⎟
2 −4
1.1 × 2 × 10 × 500 ⎝ 1000 ⎠
= 295.5 m

tr x2 1.1 × 2 × 10−4 × (295.45)2

Drop = = = 9.60 V
2 2
Vmin = 255 − Drop = 255 − 9.60 = 245.4 V

⎛ 11000 ⎞ x
44. Phase voltage of x% of generator winding = ⎜ ⎟ V
⎝ 3 ⎠ 100
Fault current (out of balance current) for fault
11000 x
3×
at x% of winding away from neutral = 3 100
3 × 22
6 × 103
Full load current = = 314.9 A
3 × 11
Minimum out of balance current required for relay opeation
= 0.25 × 314.9 = 78.7 A
x
3 × 11000
Hence 100 = 78.7 ∴ x = 27.3 %
3 × 22

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45. Given that R a = 0.11 Ω and R s = 0.08Ω

Let Va=230V and n1=975 rpm, then generated voltage is
Ea1 = Vt1 − Ia1 (R a + R s ) = 230 − 90(0.11 + 0.08) = 212.9 V
Similarly, the generated voltage at Ia=30 A is
Ea2=230-30(0.11+0.08) = 224.3V
We know that
Ea ⎛n ⎞⎛ φ ⎞
Ea ∝ nφ ⇒ 1 = ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎜ 1 ⎟ ∴ φ2 = 0.48 φ1
Ea2 ⎝ n2 ⎠ ⎝ φ2 ⎠
⎛ φ ⎞ ⎛ En ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛ 224.3 ⎞
So, n2 = n1 ⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎜ 1 ⎟ = 975 ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = 2140 r / min
⎝ φ2 ⎠ ⎜⎝ En1 ⎟⎠ ⎝ 0.48 ⎠ ⎝ 212.9 ⎠

46. At no load InL = 5A

220
Load current If,nL = = 1.1 A
200
220
Field current If, nL = = 1.1 A
200
Armature current Ia,nL = InL − If1nL = 5 − 1.1 = 3.9 A
Back emf Ea , nL = Vt − Ia,nLR a
= 220 − 3.9 × 0.3 = 218.83 V
At load
Load current IL = 40A
When the loadis connected field current is reduced by 2.5%
Field current If = 1.0725 A
Armature curretn Ia = IL − If = 38.9 A
back emf Ea = Vt − IaR a
= 220 − 38.9 × 0.3 = 208.33 V
Ea I ×n If nL Ea
= f ⇒ n = no × 1 × 1
Ea, nL If1nL × nL If Ea1nL
1.1 208.33
= 1000 × × = 976 rpm
1.0725 218.83

47. If we append 0 on LSB N becomes 2N

If we append 1 on LSB N becomes 2N+1
So appending 11 on LSB 2(2N+1)+1=4N+3

48. Given Edc = 220V, R = 0.1 Ω, L = 10 mH, Eb = 100

Eo − Eb α.Edc − Eb
io = =
R R
io .R + Eb (10 × 0.1) + 100
∴α = =
Edc 220
∴ α = 0.459

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49. Duty cycle to achive regenerative breaking at the rated current

α.Edc − Eb
∴ Rated load current, io =
R
For regeneration this current should be negative
(α.220) − 100
∴ − 10 = , ∴ D = 0.45
0.1

50. Given fr1 = 2MHZ with C1 = 400pf

fr2 = 3MHZ with C1 = 160pf
1
fr = C d is the coil capaci tan ce
2π L(C + C d )
fr1 C2 + C d 2 160 + C d
= ⇒ = Coil
fr2 C1 + C d 3 400 + C d
∼ rsh C
⇒ 4 × 400 − 9 × 160 = 5C d
160
∴ Cd = = 32 PF
5
with C1 = 400 pf C d = 32pf fr1 = 2MHZ
1
∴ 2 × 106 =
2π × L(400 + 32) × 10 −2
1
∴L = 2
= 14.66µH
(4π) × (432)

−rsh
51. error caused by rsh = × 100
rsh + R coil
0.1 rsh
=
100 rsh + 8
⇒ 100 rsh = 0.8
∴ rsh = 0.008 Ω

⎡ 1 ⎤
⎢ cos 2 t sin 2 t ⎥
52. φ (S) = L ⎢ 2 ⎥
⎢⎣ − 2 sin 2 t cos 2 t ⎥⎦
⎡ S 1 ⎤
−1 adj ⎡⎣SI − A ⎤⎦ ⎢ S2 + 2 S2 + 2 ⎥
⎡⎣SI − A ⎤⎦ = =⎢ ⎥
∆S ⎢ −2 S ⎥
⎢⎣ S2 + 2 S2 + 2 ⎥⎦
⎡S −1⎤
⎡⎣SI − A ⎤⎦ = ⎢ ⎥
⎣2 S ⎦
⎡ 0 1⎤
So matrix A = ⎢ ⎥
⎣ −2 0 ⎦

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y ( S ) = C ⎡⎣SI − A ⎤⎦ B
−1
53.
⎡ 0 1⎤ ⎡1⎤
A=⎢ ⎥ , C = ⎡⎣0 1⎤⎦ , B = ⎢ ⎥
⎣ −2 0⎦ ⎣1⎦
−1
⎡S −1⎤ ⎡1⎤
Y ( S ) = ⎡⎣0 1⎦⎤ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣2 S ⎦ ⎣1⎦
⎡ S 1⎤ ⎡1⎤
= ⎡⎣0 1⎤⎦ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ −2 S⎦ ⎣1⎦
(S 2
+2 )
⎡ S 1 ⎤
⎢ S2 + 2 S + 2⎥
2
⎡1⎤
= ⎡⎣0 1⎤⎦ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ −2 S ⎥ ⎣1⎦
⎢⎣ S2 + 2 S2 + 2 ⎥⎦
⎡ S +1 ⎤
⎢ S2 + 2 ⎥ S−2
Y ( S ) = ⎣⎡0 1⎦⎤ ⎢ ⎥= 2
⎢ S − 2 ⎥ S +2
⎢⎣ S2 + 2 ⎥⎦
y ( t ) = cos 2t − 2 sin 2t

n
⎛2⎞ z
⎜ 3 ⎟ u (n) ⎯⎯⎯ = x (z)
z
54. →
⎝ ⎠ 2
z−
3
z
n 2
⎛2⎞ 3
n ⎜ ⎟ u (n) ⎯⎯⎯ z
→ = y (z)
⎝3⎠
2
⎛ 2⎞
⎜z − 3 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
y (z) 2
H (z) = = 3 = 2
x (z) z − 2 3z − 2
3
2 2e− jΩ
So ( )
H = e jΩ = H ( z ) e jΩ = =
3e jΩ − 2 3 − 2e− jΩ

55. H ( jΩ ) =
( ) = 2e
y e jΩ jΩ

x ( e ) 3 − 2e
jΩ − jΩ

3y (n) − 2y (n − 1) = 2x (n − 1)

57. The two verbs of the main clause are in simple past tense and are joined with
“and”.

58. Sedative induces drowsiness. Likewise anesthetic induces numbness.

59. Veneration is respect and derision is lack of that

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60. Given that certain amount becomes five times after 3 years under compound
interest. So after next 3 years it will be 5 times of the previous amount and so
on.
End of the year No. of times
3 5
6 5 (5) = 25
9 5 (25 ) = 125
12 5 (125 ) = 625
15 5 ( 625 ) = 3125
After 15 years the amount will be 3125 times.

61. Sum of n terms =

n2 + 3n
sum of (n − 1) terms = (n − 1) + 3 (n − 1) = n2 + n − 2
2

Now we know nth term = sum of n terms – sum of (n-1) terms

Therefore nth term in this case = n2 + 3n − n2 + n − 2 = 2n + 2 ( )
th
Therefore 6 term is 2 × 6 + 2 = 14

62. When we write down all the greater number of all distinct 2 element subsets, you
will find that 8 gets written 7 times {(1, 8 ) , (2, 8 ) , (3, 8, ) ( 4, 8 ) , (5, 6 ) ( 6, 8 ) (7, 8 )} ,
7 gets written 6 times and so on. Hence the sum would be
8 ×7 + 7 × 6 + 6 × 5 + 5 × 4 + 4 × 3 + 3 × 2 + 2 × 1
= 56 + 42 + 30 + 20 + 12 + 6 + 2 = 168

3
63. Every bounce is th of the previous drops in this movement. There are infinite
5
GPs (the GP representing the falling distances and GP representing the rising
distances). The required answer is
180 108
+ = 720m
1−3 1−3
5 5

B in 2011 15 3
64. i. = =
C in 2012 55 11
10 + 15 + 40 + 40 105
ii. Average = = = 26.25
4 4
30-15
iii. Percentage increase in C = × 100% = 100%
15

65. That baseball injuries definitely are a result of weightlifting, might fix it.

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