Labs CS201

Lab # 12

Problem Statement:

You need to write a program in which the following concepts must be implemented.

Write a template function name “Add” which accepts two arguments of the same type int, float, double from the
user then add those arguments, return their sum and display them on the screen.

Write a class named as firstClass, also write another class named as secondClass which should be nested inside
the firstClass. Define a function named displayMessage inside the secondClass, this method should print the
message “Inside the second class” on the screen. In the main function create the object of the secondClass and
invoke the displayMessage method using the secondClass object.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class firstClass {

public:

class secondClass {

public:

void displayMessage(){

cout<< "Function inside the inner class" <<endl;

};

};

template<class T>
T Add (T x, T y) {

return x + y;

int main() {

firstClass :: secondClass object;

object.displayMessage();

int integerOne = 3, integerTwo = 5;

float floatOne = 12.34, floatTwo = 894.4;

double doubleOne = 1236.58, doubleTwo = 8945.685;

cout<< "Addition of Two integer Number is = " << Add(integerOne,integerTwo) <<endl;

cout<< "Addition of Two floating point Number is = " << Add(floatOne,floatTwo) <<endl;

cout<< "Addition of Two double Number is = " << Add(doubleOne , doubleTwo) <<endl;

return 0;

}
 Lab # 11

Problem Statement:

Write a program in C++ that add two class objects by operator overloading “plus (+)” operator. You are
required to create a class named “MathClass“ and declare the class member and member functions. Also declare
a class data member named as “number” and a parameterized constructor which take one argument and
initializes the number. Define the ‘+’ operator overloaded function to add two object’s numbers. Also define
another member function named as “Display ()” that shows the calculation result. Create three class objects for
example: obj1, obj2 and result. Values are passed by calling the parameterized constructor in main () function.
Add two object values by calling the ‘+’ operator overloaded function and then call display () function using
obj1, obj2 and result.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class MathClass

private:

int number;

public:

MathClass()

number = 0 ;

MathClass(int x)

number = x ;

MathClass operator +(MathClass m) {

MathClass temp;
temp.number= number+m.number;

return temp;

void Display() { cout<<"Result: "<<number<<endl; }

};

int main()

MathClass first(4), second(2), result;

result = first + second;

result.Display();

system("pause");

}
 Lab # 10

Problem Statement:

Write a C++ program in which you have to implement a class “Rectangle”. The class will have the following
data members:

 Double length
 Double breadth
 Double area

You have to implement a parameterized constructor of this class which takes the two parameters “length” and
“breadth” and then calculate the area of the rectangle. Write getter and setter methods or member functions of
the class. You have to write a printArea() function which will display the area of the rectangle. Also, you have
to write a friend function of the class named as friendofRect().

In main () function you have to display the area by the following ways:

1. First create object with parameterized constructor and then print the Area of the rectangle
2. Secondly create pointer to object with new keyword and parameterized constructor and then call print
the Area of the rectangle.
3. Update the values of length and breadth of first object using friend function and then print the Area of
the rectangle.

Solution:

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

class Rectangle{
private:
double area;

public:
double length;
double breadth;
//Parameterized Constructor of the Class
Rectangle(double,double);

//Setter and Getter Functions

void setLength(double);
void setBreadth(double);
double getLength();
double getBreadth();
 //Print Member function
void printArea();

//Friend function of Class

friend void friendOfRect(Rectangle &);
};

//Definition of Parameterized Constructor

Rectangle::Rectangle (double length, double breadth){
this->area= length*breadth;
}

//Definition of Setter and Getter Functions

void Rectangle::setLength(double length){
this->length = length;
}
void Rectangle::setBreadth(double breadth){
this->breadth = breadth;
}

double Rectangle::getLength(){
return length;
}

double Rectangle::getBreadth(){
return breadth;
}

//Definition of Print Member Function

void Rectangle::printArea(){
cout<< "Area of the Rectangle is: " << area <<endl;
}

//Definition of Friend Function

void friendOfRect(Rectangle &r){
r.length = 5.0;
r.breadth = 3.0;
r.area = r.length * r.breadth;
}

int main(){

Rectangle r1(7,3);
 r1.printArea();

Rectangle *r2 = new Rectangle(4,6);

r2->printArea();

friendOfRect(r1);
r1.printArea();

system("pause");

}
 Lab # 9

Problem Statement:

Write a C++ program in which implement a class named “Employee”. This class has the following data
members:

 Char string name

 Double id
 Character string gender
 Integer age
You have to implement the default and a parameterized constructor for this class.
Write getters and setters for each data member of the class and also implement a member function named
“display” that will output the values of these data members for the calling object.
In the main () function, you need to create two objects of class “Employee”. Initialize one object with default
constructor and other with parameterized constructor. Also show the default values of both objects with the
display function.
In the end, update the values of both objects using setter functions and then show the updated values of data
members of both objects using getter functions.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

//#include <string.h>

#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

class Employee {

private:

char name[30];

char gender[10];

int age;

double id;

public:
 Employee();

Employee(char[], char[], int, double);

void setName(char[]);

void setGender(char[]);

void setAge(int);

void setId(double);

char* getName();

char* getGender();

int getAge();

double getId();

void display();

};

Employee::Employee()

strcpy(name, "Empty");

strcpy(gender, "Empty");

age = 0;

id = 0.0;

Employee::Employee(char Name[], char Gender[], int Age, double Id)

{

strcpy(name, Name);

strcpy(gender, Gender);

age = Age;

id = Id;

void Employee::setName(char Name[])

strcpy (name, Name);

void Employee::setGender(char Gender[])

strcpy (gender, Gender);

void Employee::setAge(int Age)

age = Age;

void Employee::setId(double Id)

id = Id;
 }

char* Employee::getName()

return name;

char* Employee::getGender()

return gender;

int Employee::getAge()

return age;

double Employee::getId()

return id;

void Employee::display()
 {

cout<<endl<< "The name of the Employee is " << name <<endl;

cout<< "The gender of the Employee is " << gender <<endl;

cout<< "The age of the Employee is " << age <<endl;

cout<< "The Id of the Employee is " << id <<endl;

int main () {

Employee e1;

Employee e2("Amir", "Male", 35, 166);

e1.display();

e2.display();

e1.setName("Asif");

e1.setGender("Male");

e1.setAge(30);

e1.setId(162);

cout<<endl<< "The name of the Employee is " << e1.getName() <<endl;

cout<< "The gender of the Employee is " << e1.getGender() <<endl;

cout<< "The age of the Employee is " << e1.getAge() <<endl;

cout<< "The Id of the Employee is " << e1.getId() <<endl;

system("pause");

return 0;

}
 Lab # 8

Problem Statement:

Write a program that overloads function named “myfunc” for integer, double and character data types. For
example, if an integer value is passed to this function, the message "using integer myfunc" should be printed
on screen, on passing a double type value, the message "using double myfunc" and on passing character value,
the message "using character myfunc" should get printed.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int myfunc (int x);

double myfunc (double y);

char myfunc(char z);

main()

cout<<myfunc(5) << "\n";

cout<<myfunc(5.5) << "\n";

cout<<myfunc('x') << "\n";

system("pause");

Int myfunc(int x)

cout<< "Using integer myfunc()\n";

return x;

Double myfunc(double y)
{

cout<< "Using float myfunc()\n";

return y;

Char myfunc(char z)

cout<< "Using char myfunc()\n";

return z;

}
 Lab # 7

Problem Statement:

Write a program which declare two variables of integer type and take their values as input from user. Also,
perform the following operations on them and print their values.

1. Bitwise and Logical AND

2. Bitwise and Logical OR

Solution:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(){

int var1 = 0, var2 = 0, var3 = 0;

cout<< "Enter First Value: ";

cin>> var1;

cout<< "Enter Second Value: ";

cin>> var2;

var3 = var1 && var2;

cout<<"Logical AND is "<< var3 <<endl;

var3 = var1 & var2;

cout<<"Bitwise AND is "<< var3<<endl;

var3 = var1 || var2;

cout<<"Logical OR is "<< var3 <<endl;

var3 = var1 | var2;

cout<<"Bitwise OR is "<< var3<<endl;

}
 Lab # 6

Problem Statement:

Write a program which has:

1. A structure with only two member variables of integer and float type.
2. Initialize two data members by assigning 0 values in different ways.
3. Take input from user to assign different values to both structure variables.
4. Write a function that takes two structure variables as parameters.
5. This function must return a variable of structure type.
6. Function must add the data members of two passed structures variables and store the values in a new
structure variable and print it on the screen.

Solution:

//Adding structure variable values using function

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//Structure with two Data Members

struct MyStruct{

int i;

float f;

ms3 = {0,0.0}, // To show different methods of initializing structure

ms4 = {0,0.0};

//Function to add two structure variables

MyStruct add(MyStruct ms1, MyStruct ms2){

MyStruct ms3;

ms3.i = ms1.i + ms2.i;

ms3.f = ms1.f + ms2.f;

return ms3;

}
main(){

//Initialize structure variable values

MyStruct ms1 = {0,0.0};

struct MyStruct ms2 = {0,0.0};

cout <<"Enter integer value of First structure variable ";

cin>> ms1.i;

cout <<"Enter float value of First structure variable ";

cin>> ms1.f;

cout <<"\n Enter integer value of Second structure variable ";

cin>> ms2.i;

cout <<"Enter float value of Second structure variable ";

cin>> ms2.f;

cout<< "\n values of data members of first structure variable\n\n";

cout << ms1.i << "\t" << ms1.f << endl;

cout<< "values of data members of Second structure variable\n\n";

cout << ms2.i << "\t" << ms2.f <<endl;

MyStruct ms3= add(ms1,ms2);

cout<< "values of data members of structure variable returned from function\n\n";

cout << ms3.i << "\t" << ms3.f <<endl;

system("pause");

}
 Lab # 5

Problem Statement:

Write a program in which you need to declare an integer type matrix of size 4*4. In this program:
1. You should take input values from the users and store it in 4*4 matrix.
2. Display this matrix on the screen.
3. Also, Display the transpose of this matrix by converting rows into cols.

Note: Use different functions for above three point’s functionality.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const int arraySize = 4;

void readMatrix(int arr[][arraySize]);

void displayMatrix(int a[][arraySize]);

void transposeMatrix(int a[][arraySize]);

main(){

int a[arraySize][arraySize];

// Taking input from user

readMatrix(a);

// Display the matrix

cout << "\n\n" << "The original matrix is: " << '\n';

displayMatrix(a);

//Transpose the matrix

transposeMatrix(a);

//Display the transposed matrix

 cout << "\n\n" << "The transposed matrix is: " << '\n';

displayMatrix(a);

system("pause");

void readMatrix(int arr[arraySize][arraySize]){

int row, col;

for (row = 0; row < arraySize; row ++){

for(col=0; col < arraySize; col ++){

cout << "\n" << "Enter " << row << ", " << col << " element: ";

cin >> arr[row][col];

cout << '\n';

void displayMatrix(int a[][arraySize]){

int row, col;

for (row = 0; row < arraySize; row ++){

for(col = 0; col < arraySize; col ++){

cout << a[row][col] << '\t';

cout << '\n';

void transposeMatrix(int a[][arraySize]){

 int row, col;

int temp;

for (row = 0; row < arraySize; row ++){

for (col = row; col < arraySize; col ++){

/* Interchange the values here using the swapping mechanism */

temp = a[row][col]; // Save the original value in the temp variable

a[row][col] = a[col][row];

a[col][row] = temp; //Take out the original value

}
 Lab # 4

Problem Statement:

Write a program that will take

1. Two strings names as input from the user in the form of character arrays namely as “firstArray” and
“secondArray” respectively.
2. Both arrays along with the size will be passed to the function “CompareStrings”.
3. CompareStrings function will use pointer to receive arrays in function and then start comparing both
arrays by using while loop.
4. If all the characters of both these arrays are same then the message “Both strings are same” should be
displayed on the screen.

Note: For comparing both these arrays, the size should be same.

Solution:

#include <iostream>

#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

// function definition

void CompareStrings(char *arr1, char *arr2, int size){

int check = 1;

int i = 0;

while(i<size){

if(arr1[i] != arr2[i]){

check = 0;

break;

i++;

}
 if(check == 1)

cout<< "Both strings are same" <<endl;

else

cout<< "Both strings not same " <<endl;

int main() {

char firstArray[20], secondArray[20];

cout<< "Enter the first Name: ";

cin.getline(firstArray, sizeof(firstArray));

cout<< "Enter the second Name: ";

cin.getline(secondArray, sizeof(secondArray));

if(strlen(firstArray) == strlen(secondArray)){

int size = strlen(firstArray);

CompareStrings (firstArray, secondArray, size);

else {

cout<< "Size of both names are not same" <<endl;

system("pause");

}
 Lab # 3

Problem Statement:

Write a program in which you have to declare an integer array of size 10 and initializes it with numbers of your
choice. Find the maximum and minimum number from the array and output the numbers on the screen.

For finding the maximum and minimum numbers from the array you need to declare two functions findMax
and findMin which accept an array and size of array (an int variable) as arguments and find the max min
numbers, and return those values.

Solution:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int findMin(int [],int);

int findMax(int [],int);

int main() {

const int SIZE = 10;

int number[10] = {

21,25,89,83,67,81,52,100,147,10
};

cout<< "Maximum number in the array is :" <<findMax(number, SIZE) <<endl;

cout<< "Minimum number in the array is :" <<findMin(number, SIZE) <<endl;

return 0;

int findMin(int array[],int size){

int min = 0;

min = array[0];

for (int i = 0; i<size; i++){

 if(min > array[i])

min = array[i];
}

return min;

int findMax(int array[],int size){

int max = 0;

max = array[0];

for (int i = 0; i<size; i++){

if(max < array[i])

max = array[i];

return max;

}
 Lab #2

Problem Statement:

Write a program in which you have to define a function displayDiagnol which will have two integer arguments
named rows and cols. In the main function, take the values of rows and columns from the users. If the number
of rows is same as numbers of columns then call the displayDiagnol function else show a message on screen
that number of rows and columns is not same.

The following logic will be implemented inside the displayDiagnol function:

The function will take the value of rows and cols which are passed as argument and print the output in matrix
form. To print the values in the matrix form, nested loops should be used. For each loop, you have to use a
counter variable as counter. When the value of counters for each loop equals, then it prints the value of row at
that location and prints hard coded zero at any other location.

Example if the user enters rows and cols as 3, then the output should be like this

100

020

003

Example: when rows and columns are not same.

Example: when rows and columns are same.

Solution:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void displayDiagonal(int,int); // function declaration

int main(){

int rows, columns;

rows = 0;

columns = 0;

cout<< "Enter the number of rows:";

cin>> rows;

cout<< "Enter the number of columns:";

cin>> columns;

if(rows == columns)

displayDiagonal(rows,columns); // call function

else

cout<< "Wrong input! Num of rows should be equal to num of columns";

return 0;

// function definition

void displayDiagonal(int rows, int columns){

for (int i = 1; i<=rows; i++) {

for (int j = 1; j<=columns; j++){

if(i==j)

cout<<i<< " ";

else
 cout<< 0 << " ";

cout<< "\n";

}
 Lab # 1

Problem Statement:

“Calculate the average age of a class of ten students. Prompt the user to enter the age of each student.”

 We need 10 variables of int type to calculate the average age.

int age1, age2, age3, age4, age5, age6, age7, age8, age9, age10;

 “Prompt the user to enter the age of each student” this requires cin>> statement.
For example:
cin>> age1;

 Average can be calculated by doing addition of 10 variables and dividing sum with 10.

TotalAge = age1 + age2 + age3 + age4 + age5 + age6 + age7 + age8 +age9 + age10 ;

AverageAge = TotalAge / 10;

Solution:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

main() {

int age1 = 0, age2 = 0, age3 = 0, age4 = 0, age5 = 0, age6 = 0, age7 = 0, age8 = 0, age9 = 0, age10 = 0;

int TotalAge = 0, AverageAge = 0;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 1: ";

cin>>age1;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 2: ";

cin>>age2;
cout<<"please enter the age of student 3: ";

cin>>age3;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 4: ";

cin>>age4;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 5: ";

cin>>age5;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 6: ";

cin>>age6;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 7: ";

cin>>age7;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 8: ";

cin>>age8;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 9: ";

cin>>age9;

cout<<"please enter the age of student 10: ";

cin>>age10;

TotalAge = age1 + age2 + age3 + age4 + age5 + age6 + age7 + age8 + age9 + age10;

AverageAge = TotalAge/10;

//Display the result (average age)

 cout<<"Average of students is: "<<AverageAge;