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Ema Emits College Philippines: Divisibility Rules (Number 1-20)

The document provides an overview of divisibility rules for numbers 1 through 20. It explains what divisibility is and how the rules can be used to determine if a number is divisible by another number without actual division. Then it lists the specific divisibility rules for each number from 1 to 20, such as a number being divisible by 2 if the last digit is even, or divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3. Examples are provided to illustrate each rule.

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Maria Teresa Ondoy
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101 views

Ema Emits College Philippines: Divisibility Rules (Number 1-20)

The document provides an overview of divisibility rules for numbers 1 through 20. It explains what divisibility is and how the rules can be used to determine if a number is divisible by another number without actual division. Then it lists the specific divisibility rules for each number from 1 to 20, such as a number being divisible by 2 if the last digit is even, or divisible by 3 if the sum of the digits is divisible by 3. Examples are provided to illustrate each rule.

Uploaded by

Maria Teresa Ondoy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EMA EMITS COLLEGE PHILIPPINES

(Formerly: Eastern Mindoro Institute of Technology & Sciences)


Del Pilar St.; Pinamalayan, Oriental Mindoro
Telefax No. (043) 284-3974

Number Theory
______________________________________________________________________________

MODULE Divisibility Rules


2 (Number
Telefax 1-20)
No. (043) 284-3974

Intended Learning Outcomes:


At the end of this Module, you should be able to:
 explain what is divisibility; and
 discover the rules of divisibility from number 1 to 20.

1.1 What is Divisibililty Rules?

As the name suggests, divisibility rules or tests are the procedures used to check whether
a number is divisible by another number without necessarily performing the actual division.
A number is divisible by another number if the results or quotient is a whole number and
the there is no remainder.
Since not all numbers are completely divisible by other numbers, therefore, the
divisibility rules are actually the shortcuts of determining the actual divisor of a number just
by examining the digits that make the number.
Understanding divisibility rules for 1 to 20 is an important skill in Mathematics as it
enables you to solve problems in a better way.

1.2 Divisibility Rules for 1 to 20

 Divisibility Rule for 1


The divisibility rule for 1 does not have any condition for numbers. All numbers are
divisible by 1 irrespective of how large the numbers are
 Divisibility Rule for 2
The last digit is even (0,2,4,6,8)
 Divisibility Rule for 3
The sum of the digits is divisible by 3.
Ex. 381= (3+1+8=12);
12 is divisible by 3
 Divisibility Rule for 4
The last two digits are divisible by 4.
Ex. 1312;
12 s the last two digits and twelve is divisible by 4
 Divisibility Rule for 5
The last digit is 0 and 5.
 Divisibility Rule for 6
The number is divisible by both 2 and 3.
 Divisibility Rule for 7
If you double the last digit and subtract it from the rest of the number and the answer is 0
or divisible by 7.
Ex. 175 (5*2=10, 17-10=7, and 7/7=1)
 Divisibility Rule for 8
The last three digits are divisible by 8.
Ex. 109816 (816/8=102)
 Divisibility Rule for 9
The sum of the digits is divisible by 9.
Ex. 1629 (1+6+2+9=18)
 Divisibility Rule for 10
If the last digit is 0, then the number is divisible by 10.
 Divisibility Rule for 11
If you sum every second digit and then subtract all other digits and the answer is: 0 or
divisible by 11.
Ex. 1364 (3+4) – (1+6) = 0
 Divisibility Rule for 12
The number is divisible by both 3 and 4.
Ex. 648 (by 3? 6+4+8=18 and 18/3 =6)
(by 4? 48/4 = 12)
 Divisibility Rule for 13
First Method: Multiply the last digit by 9 and subtract it from the number formed by the
remaining digits. Repeat this process until you arrive at a smaller number whose
divisibility you know. If this smaller number is divisible by 13, then so is the larger
number. If this smaller number is not divisible by 13, then neither is the larger number.

For example, let's check the divisibility of 399074:


399074, 4x9 = 36 and 39907-36 = 39871
39871, 1x9 = 9 and 3987-9 = 3978
3978, 8x9 = 72 and 397-72 = 325
325, 5x9 = 45 and 32-45 = -13
since -13 divisible by 13, then 399074 is also divisible by 13.

Second Method: Multiply the last digit by 4 and add it to the number formed by the
remaining digits. Repeat this process until you arrive at a smaller number whose
divisibility you know. If this smaller number is divisible by 13, then so is the larger
number. If this smaller number is not divisible by 13, then neither is the larger number.

For example, let's check the divisibility of 399074:


399074, 4x4 = 16 and 39907+16 = 39923
39923, 3x4 = 12 and 3992+12 = 4004
4004, 4x4 = 16 and 400+16 = 416
416, 6x4 = 24 and 41+24 = 65
since 65 divisible by 13, then 399074 is also divisible by 13.

Third Method: This is the same technique as for 7: Take the last three digits of the
number and subtract this from the number formed by the remaining digits. Repeat this
process until you end up with a number that has at most three digits. At that point you
may apply either the first method or the second method to check if the number is divisible
by 13.
For example, let's check if 16049371 is divisible by 13:
16049371, 16049 - 371 = 15678
15678, 15-678 = -663
Now use the second method to check if 663 is divisible by 13:
663, 3x4 = 12 and 66+12 = 78
78, 8x4 = 32 and 7-32 = -26
Since -26 is divisible by 13, then 16049371 is also divisible by 13.
 Divisibility Rule for 14
Apply the rule for 2 and one of the rules for 7. If the number passes both divisibility tests,
then the number can be divisible by 14.
 Divisibility Rule for 15
Apply the rules for 3 and 5. If the number passes both tests, then the number is divisible
by 15.
 Divisibility Rule for 16
Check the last 4 digits of the number. If the last 4 digits form an integer that is divisible
by 16, then the original number is also divisible by 16. For instance, 157675552 can be
divided by 16 since 5552 is a multiple of 16.
 Divisibility Rule for 17
Multiply the last digit by 5 and subtract it from the number formed by the remaining
digits. Repeat this process until you arrive at a smaller number whose divisibility you
know. If this smaller number is divisible by 17, then so is the larger number. If this
smaller number is not divisible by 17, then neither is the larger number.

For example, let's check the divisibility of 521172:


521172, 2x5 = 10 and 52117-10 = 52107
52107, 7x5 = 35 and 5210-35 = 5175
5175, 5x5 = 25 and 517-25 = 492
492, 2x5 = 10 and 49-10 = 39
Since 39 is not divisible by 17, then neither is 521172.
 Divisibility Rule for 18
Apply the rules for 2 and 9. If the number passes both tests, it is divisible by 18.
 Divisibility Rule for 19
Multiply the last digit by 2 and add it to the number formed by the remaining digits.
Repeat this process until you arrive at a smaller number whose divisibility you know. If
this smaller number is divisible by 19, then so is the larger number. If this smaller
number is not divisible by 19, then neither is the larger number.

For example, let's check the divisibility of 12483:


12483, 3x2 = 6 and 1248+6 = 1254
1254, 4x2 = 8 and 125+8 = 133
133, 3x2 = 6 and 13+6 = 19
since 19 is divisible by 19, then so is 12483.
 Divisibility Rule for 20
Apply the rules for 4 and 5. If the number passes both tests, it is divisible by 20.

ACTIVITY NAME/COURSE: __________________________________


SCORE: __________ RATING: ___________
“Once a person cheats in exam, forever people will distrust him.”

TEST I: Answer the following questions. Show your solution at the back of the paper and write
the final answer on the space provided.
NOTE: NO SOLUTION, NO POINT!
1. Which of the following numbers are divisible by 2, 5 and 10? Please indicate if it is
divisible for 2, 5 or 10.

a) 149
b) 19400
c) 720345
d) 125370
e) 3000000
2. Check whether the numbers are divisible by 4. Write YES if it is divisible and NO if it is
not.

a) 23408
b) 100246
c) 34972
d) 150126
e) 846336
3. Is 9 a factor of the following? Write YES if it is divisible and NO if it is not.

1. 394683
2. 1872546
3. 5172354
4. 515712
5. 17218
4. Which of the two nearest numbers to 19506 are divisible by 9? Write your answers in
each letter.
a)
b)
5. Check using divisibility rules and fill in the boxes using YES or NO. Sample answer is
indicated for your guide.

Number By 2 By 3 By 4 By 5 By 6 By 7 By 8 By 9
a) 303 NO
b) 756
c) 1000
d) 8000
e) 1455 YES

Reference:

http://www.storyofmathematics.com/rules-of-divisibilty

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