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Solutions: Attempt All Questions

This document contains an assignment for a business research methods course. It includes 3 questions asking about the significance of graphs and charts in data analysis, why standard deviation is a better measure of dispersion than mean absolute deviation, and the relationship between the signs of coefficients and t-values in a regression analysis. Sample solutions are provided that explain how graphs help explore, present, convince, grasp attention, and point out trends in data, and that standard deviation accounts for all data points, allows algebraic operations, and is more commonly used in statistical work. It also notes that t-values measure the difference relative to sample variation while coefficients estimate population relationships.

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73 views2 pages

Solutions: Attempt All Questions

This document contains an assignment for a business research methods course. It includes 3 questions asking about the significance of graphs and charts in data analysis, why standard deviation is a better measure of dispersion than mean absolute deviation, and the relationship between the signs of coefficients and t-values in a regression analysis. Sample solutions are provided that explain how graphs help explore, present, convince, grasp attention, and point out trends in data, and that standard deviation accounts for all data points, allows algebraic operations, and is more commonly used in statistical work. It also notes that t-values measure the difference relative to sample variation while coefficients estimate population relationships.

Uploaded by

ROHIT JAISWAL
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment –A2: Business Research Methods

PGDM-III (2019-21)

Attempt all questions.

1. What is the significance of graphs and charts in data analysis?


2. Why is standard deviation a better measure of dispersion as compared to mean absolute
deviation?
3. Is it that the signs of coefficient and that of the t – value will be the same?

KHUSHBOO AGRAWAL

PGDM 2019-21 (SECTION “A”)

ROLL NO. 2019069

SOLUTIONS
Sol. 1- Significance of graphs and charts in data analysis-

1. Help to Explore: Many times we would like to see if there is a relationship between variables. Suppose
that we wanted to determine if there is a relationship between: a country’s GNP and the infant mortality
rate, between age and between genders. It may be quicker and easier to create a chart immediately to see
the possible relationship of variables to one another, rather than paging through raw data.
2. Help to Present: We want to provide information in as little time as possible. Graphing plays a key role. It
seems that there is no longer any time to sit and read a newspaper in order to find out what is going on.
However, newspapers, such as The Economics Times and India Today magazines (which were early users
of charting techniques), seem to understand this phenomena and provide graphs to convey and sum up
ideas that they are making in their articles.
3. Help to Convince: The same way that a graph can be used to present and explore different characteristics
of data, it can also be used to convince. Graphs have the ability to take large amounts of information and
make them into exhibitions that are easily used to persuade.
4. Help to grasp attention: In presentations, data analysis done through visual representations such as charts
and graphs can add interest and enable people to grasp central issues quickly. 
5. Help to Point Out Problems and Market Trends: With data visualization, you get a helping hand in
pointing out market trends and existing problems, so that you are better able to solve them. When you are
able to point out these problems, you and your team will have strong data that you can use as you put your
heads together.  
6. Visuals Can Help Further and Continue Your Research: Rather than serving as the end game of months
of painstaking research, these visualizations instead act as a precursor to further understandings. By making
the information real in the form of visualization, you will spark new ideas that will only be productive and
helpful. By having the information laid out plainly, people often gain insights that they didn’t have before. 
Sol. 2- Following are the reasons why standard deviation called a better measure of dispersion as compared to mean
absolute deviation-

a) The standard deviation is the best measure of variation. It is based on every item of the
distribution.
b) You can do algebraic operation and is less affected by fluctuations of sampling than most other
measures of dispersion.
c) It is possible to calculate the combined standard deviation of two or more groups. This is not
possible with any other measure.
d) For comparing the variability of two or more distribution, coefficient of variation is considered
to be most appropriate and this is based on mean standard deviation.
e) Standard deviation is most prominently used in further statistical work. It is keynote in sampling
and provides a unit of measurement for the normal distribution.
f) It squares and makes the negative numbers Positive
g) The square of small numbers is smaller (Contraction effect) and large numbers larger (Expanding
effect). So it makes you ignore small deviations and see the larger one clearly
h) It measures the deviation from the mean, which is a very important statistic 

Sol. 3- The t-valuemeasures the size of the difference relative to the variation in your sample
data. The greater the magnitude of T, the greater evidence against the null hypothesis. This mean
there is greater evidence that there is a significant difference i.e.(population mean and hypothesis
value).

Regression co-efficient are estimates of the unknown population parameters and describe the
relationship between a predictor variable and the response.

There is difference between the t-value and the regression of co-efficient because t value is being
measure population and hypothesis mean whereas regression of co-efficient is used to estimate
the unknown population only the same is that both are used to estimate population.

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