S i m p l i f i c a t i o n

Rule 1 2. Simplify: i 0 - | < 5 - ( 7 - ( 6 - 8 - 5 )

of Simplification: a)8 b)6 c)7 d) 10

(T) In simplifying an expression, first of all vinculum or Simplify: 18 + 1 0 - 4 + 32+(4 + 1 0 + 2 - l )
bar must be removed. For example: we know that -8- a) 5 b)9 c)8 d)7
10 = -18but, - 8 - 1 0 = - ( - 2 ) = 2 45 2 5 .2
c 1 3

( i ) After removing the bar, the brackets must be removed, +—of —

4. Simplify: -> — ±— of
••- ." ;• in the order ( ) , { } and []. 24 3 6 5
a) 13 b) 15 c)14 d) 16
i f After removing the brackets, we must use the follow-
ing operations strictly in the order given below, (a) of Simplify: 240 -s-10(2 + {7 x 3 + 2(75 - 4 x 13+12+6
(b) division (c) multiplication (d) addition and (e) sub- 24 53
traction a) d)
53 C)Y4
Note: The rule is also known as the rule o f
• \"BODMAS' where V, B, O, D, M , A and S stand for Solve: 4 - [ 6 - { l 2 - ( 5 - 4 - 3 ) } J
Vinculum, Bracket, Of, Division, Multiplication, Ad- a)5 b)4 c)6 d)8
dition and Subtraction respectively.
Illnstrative Example 7 3 4
Solve: 2 I " —+ —x — 4 8
Ec Simplify: 8 4 6

1^_7__I3 _8_ 29 29 28 14
I*- 0 f (6 + 8x3-2)+
5 ' 25 17 + 14 a) T
8
b)—
' 9
c)
'9
d)

_7__14 8. Simplify: 2-[2-{2-2^2}|

1-=-- of (6 + 8 x l ) +
5 ' 25 14 a) 3 b)2 c)0 d)l

1 25 9. The value o f 4.5 - [4.5 + (9.0-4.5 + x)\\= 0 , the

= 1*- of (6 + 8)+ —X 1 value of x is
5 7
a) 9 b)0 c)4.5 d) none
= l * ~ of 14 +
10. The value of 4 - [s - ^6 - (5 - 4^3)}] is
a) 4 b)l c)0 d)5
1 2 7-12 5
= 1+6+ 11. I f x = 4, y = 3, then the value o f x+(y + x-l) is
6 7~ 42 ~ ~42

Exercise
a) b)l- c) d)
1
1. Simplify: 10 — 8l+J5-(7-6-4|
2
12. Simplify: 1 2 : 8 I J5_( _4-2|
+ 7

a) I b)2 c)l d)3

16 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

a) 3 b)4 c)6 d)8 Exercise

13. 2 + J2 + 2J2-(2-3^2)+ 3-(2-3)}-{3(2-3^2)}]=? 1. Find the value of (l007f
a) 3 b)-3 c)8 d)-4 a) 1014049 b) 1104409 c) 1014409 d) 110409
14. l - [ 8 + {l5-(6-2-20)})=? 2. 0.75 x 0.75 + 025 x 0.75 " 2 + 0.25 x 0.25 = ?

a)0 b)4 c)2 d)5 1 1

a)l b)2 d)
C ) 2
15. 6-[6-{6-(6-6^3)}]=?
3. Find the value of
a) 3 b)l c)6 d) 10
0.2809 + 0.2209 + 0.94x0.53
1 1 5 1 1 0.23 x 0.23 + 0.23 x 1.54 + 0.77 x 0.77
16. 20 — + - a)l b)0.5 c)0.75 d)0.25
5 u 6 3 2
4. 1.5 x 1.5 + 0.25 +1.5 + 0.0625 + 0.75 x 0.75 +1.5 x 0.25 = ?
a)4 b)2 c)5 d) 1
a)0 c) d) 5. Find the value of3.75 x 3.75 + 0.0625 + 0.5 x 3.75.
10 20
a) 4 b) 16 c)l d)9

= 9
Answers
17. r -<- +
4 4~4 la;

Hint: (l007) =(l000 + 7 ) = ( l 0 0 0 ) + ( 7 ) +2x1000x7

2 2 2 2

1 1
c)l d)0 = 1014049
2 b).
a )
2. a 3. a 4. c 5.b

1 1 1 = 9
Rule 3
18. 2 + 2 —+
2 2 2 Application of the formula, (a-bf = a +b - lab
2 2

Illustrative Example
a)0 b)l c) Ex: Simplify the following
1.66 x 1.66+0.66 x 0.66 -1.32 x 1.66
19. 11 l - [ l 1 l - { l 1 l x ( l 11 + 11 l x l l l)}]= ?
Soln: We have the expression
a)0 b)l c)-lll d) 111 1.66 x 1.66 + 0.66 x 0.66 -1.32 x 1.66
Answers = (1.66) +(0.66) -2x0.66x1.66
2 2

l.c 2.a 3.d 4.c 5. a 6.c 7.b Now, applying the above formula,
8. c 9.b 10. c 11.c 12. a 13. c 14. c
15.a 16.a 17.d 18.a 19. a = (1.66-0.66) = ( l ) =1 2 2

Rule 2 .-. Answer = 1

Exercise
Application of the formula, (a + b) = a +b + 2ab 2 2 2
1. Find the value of3.75 x 3.75 + 0.75 x 0.75 - 0.75 x 7.5
Illustrative Example a)3 b)2 c)4 d)9
Ex: Simplify 2. 2.66 x 2.66 + 0.66 x 0.66-0.66 x 5.32 = ?
0.46 x 0.46 + 0.54 x 0.54 + 0.92 x 0.54 a)9 b)4 c)16 d) 1
Soln: We have the expression 2.32 x 2.32 -4.64 x 0.32 + 0.1024
0.46 x 0.46 + 0.54 x 0.54 + 0.92 x 0.54 3. Find the value of
11.9025 + 0.45 x 0.45 - 0.9 x 3.45
(0.46) + (0.54) + 2. x 0.46 x 0.54
2 2
4
I f we suppose a = 0.46 and b = 0.54, then b)l c)0 d)

= a +b
2 2 +2ab = (a + bf 4. Find the value of
=(0.46 + 0.54) = (1.00) =l
2 2 6.36x6.36 + 2.36x2.36-4.72x6.36
.-. Answer = 1. 3.36x3.36 + 0.64x0.64 + 1.28x3.36
a) 16 b)9 c)l d)4
Simplification 17

£ 1.43 x 1.43+ 0.43x0.43-0.86 x 1.43=?

4. (400 + 5 0 ) + ( 4 0 0 - 5 0 ) = ?
2 2

a)0 b)l c)2 d)4

6. 1.44x0.04-0.8x1.2 = ? a) 162500 b) 16250 c)325000 d)32500
a)l b)2 c)0.24 d)0.4 8xj(l64 + 64) + ( l 6 4 - 6 4 ) } _
2 2 0

7. Find the value of

5 - (l64) +(64)
2 :

0.47x0.47 + 0.35x0.35-2x0.47x0.35
a) 16 b) 4 c) 8 d) Can't be determined
0.12
Answers
a)0.1 b)0.2 c)0.3 d)0.12 l.b 2.b 3.a 4.c 5.a
0.538x0.538-0.462x0.462
8. Simplify: Rule 5
a)0 b)l c)2 d) 1.5 Application of the formula, (a + bf - (a - bf = 4ab
• - A.U
R , , 75983x75983-45983x45983
9. Find the value of Illustrative Example
75983 + 45983 Ex: Simplify the following
a) 40000 b) 49830 c) 30000 d) 35983 (l4.5 + 6 . 2 3 ) - ( l 4 . 5 - 6 . 2 3 )
2 2

(Clerk's Grade 1991)

(14.5 x 6.23)
10. Find the value of Soln: Appliying the above formula, we have
0.527 x 0.527 - 2 x 0.527 x 0.495 + (0.495) 2 a = 14.5, and b = 6.23
0.032 4x14.5x6.23
, . Expression= _ 1 4 " 5 x 6 - 2 3 4

a) 0.032 b) 0.023 c) 0.052 d) 0.042

Answers Exercise
l.d 2.b 3.d 4.c 5.b 6.a 7.d (l 125+-143) - ( l 125-143)
2 2 _ 0

8. b; Hint: 1 - 0.924 = 0.076 = 0.538 - 0.462 ' 4x1125x143

9. c lO.a a) 4 b) 1 c) 0 d) Can't be determined

Rule 4 (0.576 + 0.324) - (0.576 - 0.324) _

2 2 0

2.
Application of the formula [a + bf +(a- bf = 2(a + b ) 2 1
4x0.162x0.288
a)l b)4 c)3 d)2
Illustrative Example
3. Find the value o f (l 00 + 25) - (l 00 - 25) 2 2
Ex: Simplify the following
2[1.25x 1.25 + 0.25x0.25] a) 1000 b)100 c)40000 d) 10000
Soln: Applying the above formula, we have (250 + 50) - ( 2 5 0 - 5 0 )
2 2

4. Find the value of

100x125
a)4 b)2 c)l d)8
l\i.25)2 +(0.25) ]=(l.25 + 0.25) + ( l . 2 5 - 0 . 2 5 )
2 2 2

(6.25 + 5.25) +(6.25-5-0.25) 2 2

5. Find the value of ^

6.25x21
= 2.25+1=3.25
a)l b)4 c)2 d)8
Exercise
Answers
(63 + 36) + ( 6 3 - 3 6 )
2 2 _ n
l.b 2.b 3.d 4.a 5.a
1 63 +36 2 2 ' Rule 6
a)l b)2 c)3 d)6
(ITIExam,83) Application of the formula, (a + b) (a - b) = a 2 -b2

(0.46 + 0.64) +(0.18) 2 2

Illustrative Example
2 Find the value of
(0.64) +(0.46)2 2
Ex: Simplify (5O - 4 0 ) = ?x 45
2 2

a)l b)2 c)4 d)8

Soln: Suppose a = 50 and b = 40
3. Find the value of (5.3 + 3.5) + ( 5 . 3 - 3 . 5 )2 2
and required number = x
Applying the above formula,
a) 40.34 b) 80.68 c)40 d)80
 18 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

(50 + 4 0 X 5 0 - 4 0 ) _ 90x10 Soln: The above expression can be written as

x= = 20
45 45 (0.6) + (0.4) + 3 x 0.6 x 0.4(0.6 + 0.4)
3 3

Required answer = 20 Now, we suppose 0.6 = a and 0.4 = b and applying the
above formula, we have
Exercise
(0.6 + 0.4) = (lf 3 =\
(l.73) -(0.27)
2 2

1. Find the value of

1.73-0.27 Exercise
a)l b)2 c)4 d)0.2 1. Find the value of0.7x 0.7 x 0.7 +0.3 x 0.3 x 0.3+ 6.3
a)l b)3 c)4 d)2
(4.44) -(0.56)2 2

2. 0.6x0.6x0.6 + 0.4x0.4x0.4 + 0.4x0.6x3 _ 0

2 0.6x0.6 + 0.4x0.4 + 0.48

a)3.28 b)5 c)3.88 d)4
a)2 b)l c)3 d)4
3. Find the value of (l 75) - (75) 2 2

0.73 x 0.73 x 0.73 + 0.27 x 0.27 x 0.27 + 0.81x0.73

= 9
a) 25000 b) 20000 c) 40000 d) 50000
1 0.73 + 0.27
4. Find the value of
a)2 b)l c)4 d)0.5
(2.35) -(0.35)
2 2
= 9 12x12x12 + 27 + 108x15
4. Find the value of = 9
2.35 x 2.35 + 0.35 x 0.35 - 0.7 x 2.35
225
20 27 a) 15 b)9 c)7 d) 12
d) 5. Find the value of
a) 27~ b) W C ) 7
1.4x 1.4x1.4+ 3 x l . 4 x l . 4 x 1.6 + 3 x l . 4 x l . 6 x l . 6 + (l.6) 3
(2.8) -(l-2) 2 2

5. Find the value of a)l b)8 c)27 d)64

2.8x2.8 + 1.2x1.2 + 5.6x1.2
6. Find the value of
a) 0.5 b)0.25 c)1.6 d)0.4
(1.25) +2.25x(l.25) +3.75x(0.75) +(0.75)
3 2 2 3

4 4 3 3
—X X— a)4 b)6 c)2 d)8
6 7 7 7 7 = 7

4 3 Answers
7 7 l.a 2.b 3.b

a)l b)0 c)2 d) Can't be determined 12x12x12 + 3 x 3 x 3 + 3x3x12(12 + 3)

4. a; Hint:
0.704 x 0.704 - 0.296 x 0.296 12x12 + 3x3 + 72
7 S i m p U f y 0.704-0.296 5. c
a)l b)2 c)0 d) Can't be determined 6. d; Hint: Let 1.25 = a, and 0.75 = b, then the given expres-
0.25x0.25-0.24x0.24 '„ sion
8. Simplify — =?
= a +3bxa
3 2 +3axb 2 +b 3 = a +3a b + 3ab + b
3 2 2 3

(RRB Exam, 1991)

a) 0.0006 b)0.49 c)0.01 d)0.1 = (a + 6) = (l .25 + 0.75) = (2) = 8
3 3 3

Answers Rule 8
l.b 2.c 3. a 4.b 5.d 6. a 7. a Application of the formula,
8.c
(a-bf = a -3a b + 3ab
3 2 2 -b3

Rule 7
= a -b -3ab{a-b)
3 3

Application of the formula,

Illustrative Example
{a + bf = a +3a b+3ab 3 2 2 + b = a +b + 3ab(a + b)
3 3 3
Ex: Simplify
Illustrative Example
(7.6S) - 3 x 7.65 x 7.65 x 0.65 + 22.95 x (0.65) - (0.65)
3 2 3
Ex: Simplify
0.6 x 0.6 x 0.6 + 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.4 + 0.72. 7x7x7
Simplification 19

Soln: Exercise
(l.65f - 3 x 7.65 x 7.65 x 0.65 + 22.95 x (0.65) - (0.65) 2 3
0.835x0.835x0.835+ 0.165x0.165x0.165
1. Simplify
7x7x7 0.835x0.835-0.835x0.165 + 0.165x0.165
a)l b)2 c)3 d)0.5
_ (7.65) - 3 x (7.65) x 0.65 + 3 x 7.65 x (p.65) - (0.65)
3 2 2 3

147x147x147 + 123x123x123
7x7x7 Find the value of
147x147-147x123 + 123x123
Now, applying the above formula,
a) 160 b)270 c)140 d) 130
(7.65-0.65) _ f 7 V _ 3
0.08x0.08x0.08 + 0.01x0.01x0.01
3. Find the value of
W " W =
0.08 x 0.08 - 0.08 x 0.01 + 0.01 x 0.01
a) 0.08 b)0.01 c)0.02 d)0.09
Exercise
4. Find the value of
1. Find the value of
6.431 x 6.431 x 6.431 + 0.569 x 0.569 x 0.569
(4J5) x4.35 - 3 x(4.35) (0.35)+3x4.35x(0.35) -(0.35)
2 2 2 3

6.431 x 6.431 - 6.431 x 0.569 + 0.569 x 0.569

16
a)7 b)5 c)4 d)6
a)l b)2
c)3 d)4 Find the value of (o.6) +(0.4) +3x0.6x0.4
3 3

a)l b)2 c)1.5 d)0.5

(1.25) -(0.25) -0.75xl.25 _ „
3 3

885x885x885 + 115x115x115
2 (l.25) +(0.25) -0.5x1.25
2 2
6. Find the value of
885x885 + 115x115-885x115
a)l b) 1.5 c)2 d)4
a) 2000 b)100 c)1000 d)800
1.33xl.33xl.33-0.33x0.33x0.33-3x0.33xl.33 _ 0
[Clerk's Grade Exam, 19911
2.4x2.4x2.4 + 1.6x1.6x1.6 + 4.8x2.4x4
1.75x1.75x1.75+ 1.25x1.25x1.25
7.
1 1 1 1.75x1.75+1.25x1.25-1.75x1.25
a)l b)- c)-r d)y a)l b)2 c)3 d)4
(l.7) -(0.7) -3x0.7x1.7
3 3 0.125 + 0.027 .= 9
4 Find the value of ( 3 6 ) 2 _
+ ( 0 6 ) 2 2 x 3 6 x { ) 6 8.
(0.5) -0.15 + (0.3)
2 2

1 1 1 a)0.4 b) 0.7 c)0.8 d)0.5

a)y b)l c)y d ) ^
(0.623) +(0.377)
3 3

Answers Simplify:
(0.623) -(0.623 x 0.377)+(0.377)
2 2
l.d 2.a 3.d 4.c
a)l b)0 c)2 d)0.5
Rule 9 [LIC Exam, 1991]

Application of the formula, a +b 3 3 = {a + bia 1 -ab + b ) 2 0.5xQ.5x0.5 + 0.6x0.6x0.6 _ 9

10.
0.5x0.5-0.3 + 0.6x0.6
Illustrative Example
a)l b) 1.1 c)2 d) 1.5
0.125 + 0.064 [Hotel Management Exam, 1991]
BE Find the value of
0.25 + 0.16-0.2 5.7x5.7x5.7 + 2.3x2.3x2.3^1 _ 9

11.
5.7x5.7 + 2.3x2.3-5.7x.23_
(0.5) +(0.4) 3 3

a)2.3 b)3.4 c)5.7 d)8.0

Soln: The above expression = ( . ) 2 ( . ) * _ ( . x 0 . 4 ) 0 5 + 0 4 0 5
[CBI Exam, 1990]
Applying the above formula, (0.87) +(0.13)
3 3

12. The simplification of

a +b 3 3 (0.87) +(0.13) -(0.87X0.13)
2 2

{a + b)= , , , Here a = 0.5 andb = 0.4 yields the result:

a +b -ab 2 2 a) 0.13 b)0.75 c) 1 d)0.87
.-. Required answer = 0.5 + 0.4 = 0.9 [I. Tax & Central Excise Exam. 1988!
20 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

1.04 x 1.04 +1.04 x 0.04 + 0.04 x 0.04 0.86x0.86x0.86-0.14x0.14x0.14

13. 6. Find the value of
1.04 x 1.04 x 1.04 - 0.04 x 0.04 x 0.04 0.86x0.86 + 0.86x0.14 + 0.14x0.14
a) 0.001 b)0.1 c)l d)0.01 a)l b)0.72 c)1.7 d) 1.2
[Assistant Grade Exam, 1987] 0.89 x 0.89 x 0.89 - 0.64 x 0.64 x 0.64'
Answers s 0.89 x 0.89 + 0.89 x 0.64 + 0.64 x 0.64,
l.a 2.b 3.d 4. a 5.a 6.c 7.c
a) 2.5 b)0.25 c)0.93 d) 1.53
8.c 9. a lO.b 11.d 12.c 13.c
Answers
Rule 10 l.a 2.b 3.b 4.b 5.d 6.b 7.b

Application of the formula, a -b 3 3 ={a- bj[a + ab + b )

2 2
Rule 11
Illustrative Example Application of the formulae
Ex: Find the value of
(0 a"
3.254 x 3.254 x 3.254 - 0.746 x 0.746 x 0.746
00 a"
3.254 x 3.254 + 0.746 x 0.746 + 3.254 + 0.746
m
Soln: The above expression can be written as b_\n
(iii)
a.
(3.254) -(0.746) 3 3

(3.254) +(0.746) +(3.254x0.746) m

2 2
f
Now, we suppos a = 3.254 and (iv)
b) K a)
b=0.746
Applying the above formula, we have (v) a +b~" m =a xbm n

(a-b)=-
a -b3 3 Illustrative Examples
= 3.254-0.746=2.508
a +b +ab
2 2
_4
1
.-. Required answer = 2.508
Ex.1: Find the value of •Pi 3
216 27
Exercise
Soln: Applying the above fomula (iii), we have
0.89 x 0.89 x 0.89 - 0.64 x 0.64 x 0.64
1. Simplify:
0.89 x 0.89 + 0.89 x 0.64 + 0.64 x 0.64
f216^ 3 '27^
a) 0.25 b)0.35 c)0.64 d)0.32 ^ -4'f"4't
(2.3) -0.27 3

2. Simplify: 6x6
(2.3) +0.69 + 0.09
2
6 +3
2 4

3x3x3x3
a) 3 b)2 c)l d) Can't be determined
3. Find the value of Ex. 2: Find the value of 8 5/3 + (l 25)~I
0.7541 x 0.7541 x 0.7541 - 0.2459 x 0.2459 x 0.2459 Soln: Applying the above formula (v) we have,
0.7541x 0.7541 + 0.7541 x 0.2459 + 0.2459x 0.2459
a) 0.2409 b) 0.5082 c) 0.5802 d) 0.5820 8 5/3 - (l 25)"J = (2 J3 x (l 25f' = 32 x 25 = 800
3 3

1.75x1.75x1.75-1.953125 Ex.3: Simplify (243)° 12 x(243)° 08

4. Find the value of

1.75xl.75 + 2.1875 + (l.25) 2
Soln: Applying the above formula (1), we have
a)l b)0.5 c)1.5 d)0.3
(243) 012 x(243)° 08 =(243f 2 + 0 0 8
5. Find the value of
4.645 x 4.645 x 4.645 - 2.345 x 2.345 x 2.345 x 2.345 = (243)P=(3 )i=3 5

(4.645) +(2.345) +(4.645x2.345)

2 2

a) 3.2 b)2.5 c)5.2 d)2.3 Ex. 4: Find the value

4£)
Simplification 21

Soln: Applying the above formula (v), we have Answers

l.c 2. a 3.b 4.b 5.a 6.d 7.d
- - L f =(-216)1 = [ ( - 6 ) ] t = ( - 6 ) =36 3 2
Rule 12
V 216;
For any positive integer 'n' and a positive rational number
Ex. 5: Find the value of ( - 2) " ~ ( 2)< 2>

v , ( ^ ) r = a .
Soln: Applying the above formula (v), we have
( 2)<-
+ Illustrative Examples
= (4) =162 Ex. 1: Simplify the following:

(i) ( V5 )
3 3 Oi) V64
3

Ex. 6: Find the value of (343) -r(343) 2 4/3

Soln: ( i ) ( V 5 ) = 5
3 3

Sofai: Applying the above formula (ii), we have

(ii) 3 / " = V 4 = 4 64 3 T

(343) +(343) 2 4/3 = ( 3 4 3 ) - f = (343)1

2
Ex. 2: Find the value of x in each of the following:

(i) v 4x-7-5 = 0
3 / (ii) V3JC+.1 = 2
= faf^ = 7 2 =49
Soln: ( i ) V4x-7-5 = 0
Exercise
=> V4JC-7 = 5 => ( V 4 * - 7 ) = 5 3 3
1. Find the value of (243)° - (243)° 8 4

i 49 b)25 c)9 d) 16 => 4 x - 7 = 1 2 5 .[•.•(Hja) = a]

n

[BSRB PO 1988]
=> x = 33
2 T ^ x ( 8 1 ) ^ = ? (ii)'V3x+l = 2
6
=> (H3x^\) =2 4 4 => 3 x + l = 16
b) c)
a ) 3
=> 3 x = 15 [•.•(Va) = o ]n

5^T f V
3 / 2

3, Find the value of ^ - => x = 5

5j
Exercise
4 3
b) c) d) 1. Find the value of x in the following. \J3x-8 - 4 = 0
3
a ) 3 V5
4 Find the value of a) 12 b)24 c)36 d)7
2 I f t]4x + l - 3 = 0- Find the value of x.
a) 16 b)12 c)25 d)20
a)3 b)81 c) d)9
3. Find the value of V2401
r i *\ a) 7 b)3 c)9 d)6
5. Find the value of
343 J 4. Find the value of x, i f \J\5x + 5 = 5
a)-7 b)7 c)49 d)3 a) 208 b)225 c)220 d)120

5. Find the value of ^59049

Find the value of [ 8 x 5 1 2 ^ 2

16 a) 7 b)17 c)9 d) 13
Answers
a)4 b)8 l.b 2.d 3.a 4.a 5.c
d ) 4~
Rule 13
7. Find the value of (526)? * (526)~i
If'n'is a positive integer and 'a', 'b' are rational numbers,
•)(526f b)(526f c) (526) 3 d) (526) 8/3

then <fc ?Jb =Vab

 22 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Illustrative Example Exercise

Ex.: Simplify each of the following
V27
3

(0 V3.V4" 1. Find the value of -

(ii) Vl283

>9 b)
Soln: (i) V J . V i " = lj3x~4 a C >3

= V\2 V32 ^6567

2. Find the value of
V243 Vl296
(ii) Vl28 = V 6 4 x 2 =Vo4 ^ 2
a)l b)2 c)3 d)7
= V 4 . V2 = 4 V2 [Usinglst Law ^4*" = 41
Vl6
7
Vl25
3. Find the value of \J36 x \J216 x
Exercise Vl728 V625
3

1. Simplify: ->/5x V25 3

a)2 b)5 c)4 d)l
a) 5 b)4 c)3 d) Can't be simplified ^55296
4. Find the value of
2. Find the value of lfj \J4~9 x

a)l b)2 c)3 d)4

a)3 b)4 c)5 d)7
Vl1616 V41904 „
3- 5 v^TxV729=?
5 ' 3 Vl452 X 3 Vl552
a)7 b)9 c)6 d)5
a)2 b)3 c)6 d)5
4. Vl6xV4=?
Answers
a)2V2 b)3 c)l d)4
l.c 2.a 3.d
5. Find the value of 4/121 x if[21
„„ 55296 . ,1
a) 12 b)21 c)19 d) 11 4. b; Hint: -55296
p ^ - = 32 5 ^ = ( *)? = 2 2

Answers
„ 11616
m 41904
l.a 2.d 3.b 4. a 5.d 5. c; Hint: =8. = 27
1452 1552
Rule 14
Rule 15
If'n'is a positive integer and 'a', 'b' are rational numbers,
If'm', 'n' are positive integers and 'a'is a positive rational
l/a" fa"
number, then 'qifo - ""/a" = .
Illustrative Example
Illustrative Example
Ex.: Simplify each of the following
Ex.: Simplify each of the following:
4 (0 vW
4 OOvW
27 (ii)
Soln: 0 ) ^ = ^ ( i i ) M = V5 2 6

Soln: ( i ) 3 Exercise
27
1. Find the value o f tftfi x i/^f
V2 " 3

3/^" 3 aI = a 2. Find the value of ^^256

v 3888
/ J3888 3. Find the value of ^ / 2 4 3
= 4
0 0 " W M 48 Answers
1- ^3x»S l 2.2 3. V J
Simplification 23

Rule 16 Soln: The orders of the given surds are 2 and 4 respec-
tively. L C M of 2 and 4 is 4. So, we convert each surd
If'm ', 'n' are positive integers and 'a' is positive rational
into a surd of order 4.
number, then "Ma")"' =rfa~*= m{a^ Now, J3=ij3 ~ 2 = $j9.

Illustrative Example [:• "Va" a]

EJL: Simplify: y * / ( 2 ) 3 4
Clearly, 10 > 9

Soln: Using the above property, we have .-. VTo >V9 ^>VTo>V3
Ex.3: Which is greater 3/6 or 4/s?
( 2 T =V2
Soln: The orders of the given surds are 3 and 4 respec-
Exercise tively. LCM of 3 and 4 is 12. So, we convert each surd
into a surd of order 12.
Simplify: f ^ f xf^J
Now, 3/6 = / 6 = /l296 12 4 ,2

2 Simplify: iftffj and, V8 = '^S " = - /512 5 , 2

Clearly, 1296> 512

3. Find the value of ^ ( n ] f 5 .-. 1 ^/l296 > /572 12 => v6> V8

3 / 4

j ^1/2 /„\l/3
Ex. 4: Which is greater I — or
4. Find the value of Soln: The orders of the given surds are 2 and 3 respec-
tively. LCM of 2 and 3 is 6. So, we convert each surd
into a surd of order 6 as given below.
5. Find the value of &^(p\}

Answers K2J

1.3; Hint: ^ ) * = ^and ^/( 3 2 )f =

=6
2. V25 3. 4.13 5.3 '9 '

Rule 17 4 1
Now, - > - [ v 4 x 8 > 9 x 1]
Comparison of Surds of Distinct Orders
Illustrative Examples J 4 J 1

61— >6(_ I 1 2
Ex.1: Which surd is larger V3 or ^5 ? V9 V8
Soln: The orders of the given surds are 3 and 4 respec-
Exercise
1. Arrange the following surds in ascending order of mag-
tively.
nitude:
Now, LCM of3 and 4 =12.
So, we convert each surd into a surd of order 12. (i) V 3 , ^ 7 , ^ 4 8 (ii) V5, VlT,2 V3
3 6

Now, 3/3 = 1 ^ = #81 1

(iioVe, V2, V4 3 (iv) VJ, \l9, Vl05 6

2. Arrange the following surds in descending order of mag-

and V5 = ' v ^ = /l25
4 12
nitude:
Clearly, 125 > 81
(ii) ^, ^,^3 4

.-. ,2 /l25 > /8T =>

,2 t/5> 73.3

(iii) ^, ^,^ 4 3 (iv) Vi, SM6

Ex.2: Which is greater ^3 or i/\Q .
24 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Answers each one of the given surds into a surd of order 12.
1. (i) The given surds are 73 , %pj, 1^48 . The orders of Now, 4/3 7 3 = I T = '727,
these surds are 4, 6 and 12 respectively. LCM of 4, 6
and 12 is 12. So, we convert each surd into a surd of
Tio = ^io ='Tioo 7

order 12. We have, Clearly, '72T is a surd of order 12.

V3 = ^
Since, 100 > 27 > 25. Therefore,
= '727 , V7 = 6 = ^49
'TlOO >'727 >'725 => 7 l O > V 3 > 7 2 5 ,
and '748~ is a surd of order 12.
(ii) The given surds are of orders 3,4 and 2 respectively.
Since 27 < 48 < 49. Therefore,
The L.C.M. of 3,4,2 is 12. So, we shall convert each of
'#27 < '#48 < '#49 => V3 < '#48 <77 the given surds into a surd of order 12.
Now, 374- = 174T i ^ g = 4/J = 17^ = , 2 ^
(ii) The given surds are 75, VTT, 2^3 . These surds are
f

of orders 2, 3 and 6 respectively. L C M of 2,3,6 is 6.

and, 73 = ' v 3 = 7729 / T 1

So, we convert each surd into a surd of order 6 as

shown below. Since 729 > 256 > 125. Therefore,

'7729 > '7256 > '7L25 => 7 3 > 7 4 > V 5 -

75 = A / 5 = VT25,
T 6

(iii) The given surds are of orders 4,3 and 2 respectively.

3 Vn = ^ / n " = 7 2 i ,
2 r
The L.C.M. of 4, 3 and 2 is 12. So, we convert each
surd into a surd of order 12.
and 2^3 = 7 3 x 2 = Vl92 • 6
Now, Tfo = = '7l000>
Since 12K125 < 192.
76 = ' ^ = '71296
.-. vT2T<$/l2l<7T9T => ViT<v 5<2V3 . 3 /

and, 73 = ^ 3 = 7729>
(iii) The given surds are 7 6 , # 2 , 74 . The orders of these
1 T ,

Since 1296 > 1000 > 729

surds are 4,2 and 3 respectively. L C M of 4,2 and 3 is
12. So, we convert each surd into a surd of order 12. .-. '71296 > 'TTooo > '7729 => 76> VTo > 73 •
(iv) The given surds are of orders 3,6 and 9 respectively.
Now, V 6 = ' v ^ = ' v ^ T o \
The L.C.M. of 3, 6 and 9 is 18. So, we convert each
surd into a surd of order 18.
V 2 = ' v 2 = 7o4
T ,

NOW, 72 : : '764 ,
and, V 4 = v 4 = 7256
3 l / T 1

Since 64 < 216 < 256 7 3 = ' v 3 = v 27 and,. V ?

/ T 1 / = = ' # 6
Since, 64 > 27 > 16. Therefore,
.-. # 6 4 < '7216 < '7256 => 72 <t/6< 4 . 3v/

'764 >'727 > '7l6 => 72 > 7 3 > 7 3 > 7 4 .

(iv) The given surds are 75, 7 9 , A/105 • The orders of
these surds are 2,3 and 6 respectively. LCM of 2,3,6
Rule 18
is 6. So, we convert each surd into a surd of order 6.

Now, 7 J = 7 5 = 7 l 2 5 , T jx-ijx- ...OO and

.x=«(« + 1), then the value of expression is given by'»'.
Illustrative Example
and 7i05 is a surd of order 6. Ex: Find the value of
Since 81< 105 < 125
/20-V20-720 . 7

.-. 6 v ^ = 7 i b l = 7i2l ^ 79 < 7To5<75. 6 3 6

Soln: Detail Method:
2. (i) The given surds are of orders 4,6 and 12 respectively. Let the given expression = x
The LCM of 4, 6 and 12 is 12. So, we shall convert i . . ^Q~^T^~Z
e ? =
Simplification

or, x- =20-V20-V20-V20 ....oo = 2 0 - x 7

.-. x =20 + 720 + 720 + ... =20+x
2

or, x + x - 2 0 = 0
2
or, x 2 - 0-x=0
2

or. x + 5 x - 4 x - 2 0 = 0
2
or, x - 5 x + 4 x - 2 0 = 0
2

or.x(x + 5 ) - 4 ( x + 5) = 0 or,x(x-5) + 4 ( x - 5 ) = 0
.-. x = 4 and -5, we neglect the -ve value of x .-. x = 5or,-4
.-. Required answer = 4 We neglect the -ve value .-. required answer = 5
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,
havex = 20 = 4 x 5 wehavex = 20 = 4 x 5
.-. required answer = 4 .-. Required answer = 5
Note: To find x = n(n + 1), factorize x and get the required Exercise
numbers. As for example,
2 20 1. Find the value of ^30 + 730 + 730 + ....00
2 10
5 = 4x5 a) 5 b)6 c)3 d)4
Find the value of
Exercise
7 n o + V n o + V i i o + -.co
1- ^ 6 - 16 — ...oo
a)2 b)3 c)0 d)l ^ 5 0 6 - ^ 5 0 6 - 7 5 0 6 - ....00

2- ^12-- J l 2 - - V l 2 - . ..oo = ? a)l b)2 c)0

1
c)2 d)5 6 ) 2
a)3 b)4
3. Find the value of ^210+-^210 + 7210+...00
3 Find the value of ^30-^30-4^0^...00
a) 15 b)16 c) 12 d) 14
a) 6 b)4 c)5 d)3 4. Find the value of
4. Find the value of ^42 - \J42 - 742 - ....00
a)6 b)7 c)8 d)9 ^42 + ^42 + 742 + ...00 x -^42-742-^/42 ...00
5. Find the value of J V
a) 48 b)40 c) 42 d) Can't be determined
^12-^12-jvi^ - ^20-720-720^...00^ 5. Find the value of ^380 + ^380 + 7380 + ...00
^ / A >
a)20 b)19 c)18 d) 17
a) 8 b)4 _ cc)2
)2 d) Can't be determined
Answers
6- A / l 3 2 - V l 3 2 - V 3 2 ...00 = ?
r
l.b 2.d 3.a 4.c 5.a
a)ll b) 12 c)14 d) 18
Rule 20
Answers
To Simplify a Continued Fraction:
l.a 2. a 3.c 4. a 5.c 6. a

Rule 19 Fractions of the form 1 are called continued

1
2+-
If -jx + ylx + Vx+~...oo and x = n(n +1), then the value of 1
3+
above expression is given by (n +1). 4+ 1
3
Illustrative Example fractions. A continued fraction is also written as
Ex: Find the value of
(1 1 i n
1/2O + V2O + V2O+...00 — — — —J. It is necessary that the sign '+' should be
Soln: Detail Method: written in the denominator.
To simplify a continued fraction, begin at the bottom an
Let the 72O + V2O + 720+... = .
work upwards. Following example will illustrate our poo*
26 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Illustrative E x a m p l e

2 - ^
+ 2 + — 1
Ex: Simplify 3 +-
3 + - 5 " 3 + %
7—
2 2+ I
4+- R
6+
Exercise
Simplify the following fractions:

Soln: 3+- = 3+- = 3+- ]

13 1. 2 . - V 3.— ±
1

7— 1
10 7+ 3+-
31 1
4+- 4+ 6+
13 1-- 7+
6+- 11

=3 ^ +=3^i- 1
204 204 4. 5. 5 + -
1
Process: Begin at the bottom. First take up the lowest com- 5+- 6+- 3--JL
1
6+ 6+- 2--
( \ 9 10
5
plex fraction namely Multiply the numera- J_ _ L I
7. 4 +
6+ I
V 2, 4+ 1+ 2
10 13 to a continued fraction.
8. Convert —
tor and denominator by 2 and we get — . Next multi-
Answers
ply the numerator and denominator of the fraction
31 43
13 l. 2. 3.1
by 13, and we get — . Then multiply the 222 12 227
10
4+ 55
13; 81
4. 5. 5 6.
284 496
(
1 3
7.4
numerator and denominator of by 31,and 14
7-H 3+-
31 1+-
31 31 2+ -
we get . Hence the fraction is reduced to 3 + 4
204
31 Fractions
or 3
204
Note: We may convert a fraction to a continued fraction, Rule 21
with unity as numerators and all the signs positive.
The following example will illustrate the process. Theorem: If a man spends ~ part of the total salary on

17
Ex: Convert — to a continued fraction. food, ~ part of the total salary on entertainment, —
yi ' y3

17 1 1 1 1 part of the total salary on clothing, and so on. After these

1 expenditures, he is left with a balance amount ofRs B, then
2+— 2+-V 2+- Balance Amount
17 17 17 - + 2
X\ X-t
— +— + ~ L + ... x Total Amount
y\ 2 yi
Simplification 27

Proof: Here, the amount spent on each item is expressed as Find his salary.
a fraction of the total amount (or salary). So, spend- a)Rs21500 b)Rs21000 c)Rs31000 d)Rs24000
ing on each item is not dependent on the expenditure
incurred on the other item. This type of activity is 2. A man spent — of his savings and still has Rs 1000 left
known as independent activity.
Independent activities are always added. with him. What were his savings?
.-. Total spent part a)Rsl400 b)Rs2000 c)Rs 21000 d)Rsl800

2 3
x Total Amount 3. A man spends — of his salary on food, — of his salary
y\ y*

.-. Balance Amount = Total Amount - Total Spent 1

on house rent and 7 of the salary on clothes. He still
Part
o
=> Total Amount - has Rs 1,400 left with him. Find his salary.
a)Rs7000 b)Rs8400 c)Rs8000 d)Rs9800
X\ X-i
— +— +—+...
x Total Amount
y\ yi 4. A man spent 7 of his savings and was still left with Rs

2,000. What were his initial saving?

-— + — + - •+... x Total Amount a)Rs,5000 b)Rs5500 c)Rs8500 d)Rs8000
y\ v 3

^«MVBai*«^, • • '— - i c - w i n f c a - 1 .
In general, for independent activities,
5. A man spends — of his income on food and — on rent
:. Balance Amount 6 12
and rest he saves. I f he saves Rs 50, find his income.
1_ f L + i l x Total Amount a)Rs500 b)Rs600 c)Rs400 d)Rs800
Ui yi y-i 6. A person went to the market and purchased a pen for Rs

Illustrative Example 15. I f he is still left with — of his total money, find the

1 1 total amount of money he had initially.

EJL: A man spends — of his salary on food, — of his
a)Rs30 b)Rs25 c)Rs35 d)Rs40
1
salary on house rent and — of his salary on clothes. 7. The fuel indicator in a car shows — th of the fuel tank as

He still has Rs 18000 left with him. Find his salary. full. When 22 more litres of fuel are poured into the tank,
Soln: The expenditure incurred on each item is expressed the indicator rests as the three-fourth of the full mark.
as part of the total amount (salary), so it is an inde- Find the capacity of the fuel tank,
pendent activity. a) 50 litres b) 42 litres c) 40 litres d) 36 litres
Using the above theorem, we have 1
8. A persons spends — of his salary on entertainment,
l - l l + - l + l x Total salary = Rs 18000
5 10 5
— of his salary on purchasing books and — of his sal-
8 4
1— x Total salary = Rs 18000 ary on foods and clothing. I f his salary is Rs 16824, find
10 the balance amount with which he left.
.-. Total salary = Rs 18000 x 10 = Rs 180000. a)Rs700 b)Rs7001 c)Rs7010 d)Rs710

Exercise 3 13
9. — and — part of a pole are respectively in mud and
I i i i • i & •
water. I f the pole is 20 metres high, how much portion of
A man spends — o f his salary on food, j of his salary
it will be above water and mud?
£*i . I I a)3m b)5m c)4m d)6m
10. A man distributes 0.375 of his money to his wife and 0.4
on house rent, — of his salary on health and — of his to his son. He has still Rs 3,375 left with him. How much
salary on clothes. He still has Rs Rs 15500 left with him.
28 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

initial money the man have? How much did his wife get? a) 423 sq km b)421 sqkm
a) Rs 16000, Rs 6525 b) Rs 25000, Rs 7525 c)419sqkm d)425 sqkm
c)Rs 15000, Rs 5625 d)Rs21000,Rs8575 Answers
1 1. b 2. a 3.c 4. a 5.b 6.b
11. A lamp post has half of its length in mud, - of its length
3 1
in water and 3 — m above the water. Find the total length 7. c; Hint: | J tank capacity = 22
x

of the post. .-. tank capacity = 40 litres.

a) 20 metres b) 25 metres c) 27 metres d) 21 metres 8. c 9. c
3 10. c; Hint: 1 -(0.375 + 0.04) x total money = balance money
12. When Jack travelled 25 km, he found that - of his jour- or, (1 -0.775) x total money = 3375
ney was still left. What is the total journey to be covered 3375
by Jack. or, Total money = _ l 0 1 1 5 = Rs 15000
125 45 135 .-. wife's share = 0.375 x total money = 0.375 x 15000
a) ~y km b) — km c)62km d) — k m
= Rs5625
1 11. a; Hint: In this problem, the portion above water is given.
13. A persons expends — of his income for board and lodg- Hence, equate amount (length) above water to the part
(fraction) above water.
ing, - in clothing and — in charity, and saves Rs 3180. 1 1
o 10 I = I x length of post
3
—+ -
What is his income? 3
2 3
a)Rs6200 b)Rs7200 c)Rs7280 d)Rs7270
10 1 10
2 17 => length of post = "V T = x ^ =20 metres.
3 6 3
14. A man travelled — of his journey by coach, — by rail
12. a 13. b 14. a
and walked the remaining 1 kilometre, how far did he go? 15.a 16.c 17.c
a)22km b)20km c)33km d)27km 18. a; Hint: Since the sum of the shares of the first two sons
is equal to the share of the third, the share of the third
15. Of a certain dynasty — of the kings were of the same
1
Mates 1 1 1 = — of the whole
name, — of another, — of another, — of a fourth, and 2
4 8 12
there were 5 besides. How many kings were there? i ( 5 0 - 1

a) 24 b)28 c)16 d)48 .:. share of the first son = 1 ! 12 + 2 ] ~ 12 °^ ^

2 3
16. — of a post are imbedded in mud, — are in the water, • whole.
and 3 metres are above the surface, what is the length of
or, — of the whole = 35— sqkm
the post?
a) 15 metres b) 20 metres c) 90 metres d) 16 metres
_ 1 .-. the whole land = 35^-x 12 = 423 sq km
17. A man carrying a cask full of milk to the market lost — 4

of the milk due to leakage, he sold 7— litres and found Rule 22

that half of the cask was still full of milk. Find how much
milk did the cask contain? Theorem: If a man spends . part of the total salary on
a) 18 litres b) 32 litres c) 16 litres d) 24 litres
18. A man divided a piece of land among his three sons x2
food, part of the remaining (rest) amount on entertain-
.,1 5 yi
thus, he gave 35— sq km to the first, — of the whole
4 12
to the second and to the third as much as to the first two ment, ^ part of the remaining (rest) amount on clothing
together. Find the whole land.
Amplification 29

mdno on. After these expenditures he has balance amount f

if ta B. then, 1-.5C X i- x Total Amount = Ba!-

M B U Amount (B) <v 2
ft)
ance Amount
f \
i i i - * 1-^- X 1- x Total Amount i n
* 1-
LI 1 —+— * Total Income = Rs 1760
Here spending on the second item (ie entertainment) 4 5
depends on the amount left after spending on the 2 11
first item (ie food). Similarly, spending on the third => - x — x Total Income = Rs 1760
• a n (ie clothing) depends on the amount left (remain-
.-. Total Income = Rs 4800
ing l after spending on the first item and the second
Exercise
Here, spending on each item (except the first item)
3 ,4
depends on the amount remaining, after spending on 1. A man reads — of a book on a day and — of the remain-
the previous item. This type of activity is known as o 5
dependent activity. Dependent activities are always der, on the second day. I f the number of pages still un-
multiplied. read are 40, how many pages did the book contain?
Hence, in general, for dependent activity. a) 520 b)320 " c)230 d)250
Balance Amount
»An fin if i- 1

2. A man spends ~ of his income on food, — of the rest on

= 1-- « 1 - x Total Amount
Vl yi) v 3
1
house rent and — of the rest on clothes. He still has Rs
tive E x a m p l e s
1,760 left with him. Find his income.
a)Rs4500 b)Rs4600 c)Rs48^0 d)Rs4400
A man spends — of his income on food, — of the rest
3 4 1 1
3. A man spends — of his salary o i food and — of the

on house rent and — of the rest on clothes. He still 1

has Rs 1760 left with him. Find his income. remaining on clothing and - of the remaining on enter-
It is a problem on dependent activity. Hence using tainment. He is still left with Rs 600. Find his salary.
the above method, we have a)Rs2100 b)Rs2400 c)Rsl800 d)Rsl600
2

=H>H>H
=Rsl760
x Total Amount 4. A man while returning from his factory, travels — of the

distance by bus and — of the rest, partly by car, and

- Total Income = Rs 4400.
1 partly by foot. I f he travels 2 km on foot, find the dis-
A man spends — of his income on food, of the rest tance covered by him.
a)23km b)26km c)24km d)30km
1 1
A boy after giving away - of his pocket-money to one
— on house rent and — on clothes. He still has Rs

1760 left with him. Find his income. companion and — of the remainder to another, has Rs
Here, of the rest amount (after spending on food), —
200 left. How much had he at first?
1 a)Rsl550 b)Rs750 c)Rsl500 d)Rsl750
B spent on house rent and — is spent on clothes. So
ynriing on these items are independent on each At his first game a person loses — of his money, at the
r, but dependent on the expenditure incurred on
; first item. It is a problem both on dependent and
second - of the remainder, at the third — of the rest;
h >er.;er.t activities.
30 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

what fraction of his original money has he left? Illustrative Examples

4 1
a) b) c) Ex. 1: — of a pole is in the mud. When — of it is pulled out,
25 25 25 d >2l
250 cm of the pole is still in the mud. Find the full
7. One-fifth of an estate is left to the eldest son, — to the length of the pole.
6 Soln: Using the above formula, we have
\.5
second and — of the remainder to the third, how much Amount Remained
6 Total Amount :
Part Remained
was left over?
.-. Total length of pole
19 17 91 29
a) c) d) Length in mud 250
180 b >T80 180 180 = 1050
Part in mud 1_I
3 4 7 3
8, I read — of a book on one day and — of the remainder
8 5 .-. Length of pole = 1050 cm.
on another day. If there now were 30 pages unread, how Ex. 2: After covering five-eighth of my j ourney, I find that I
many pages did the book contain? have travelled 60 km. How much journey is left?
a) 160 pages b) 240 pages Soln: Using the above formula, we have,
c) 640 pages d) 100 pages Amount Remained _ Amount done
Part Remained Part done
9. The highest score in an inning was — of the total and Let the journey left = x km

60
x = 36
the next highest was — of the remainder. The score 5
1
8 8
differed by 8 runs. What was the total?
:. Journey still left = 36 km
a) 172 b)142 c)152 d) 162
Exercise
Answers
4
I . b; Hint: It is a dependent activity, because on the second 1. In a school, — of the children are boys. I f the number of
4 girls is 200, find the number of boys.
/ day he reads — of the remaining pages. a) 900 b)700 c)850 d)800
^ ...

or
fl >
1— X
3 1-11 x Total pages = P a g e s l e f t u n r e a d

I 8j v 5j 2. A drum of water is — full; when 3 8 litres are drawn from

1
or — — Total pages = 40
x x

8 5 it, it is just - full. Find the total capacity of the drum in

.-. Total pages = 320 litres.
2.d 3. a a) 80 litres b) 85 litres c) 75 litres d) 90 litres
4. c; Hint: Here distance travelled on foot is given. Hence 3. In a flag post, - is red, - is green and the rest is white.
equate the part (fraction) travelled on foot to the dis- I f the white part is 7 metres long, find the length of the
tance covered on foot, flag post.
ie Rest part on foot = distance on foot.
a) 16 metres b) 14 metres c) 20 metres d) 15 metres
5. c 6.c 7. a 8.b 9. d
2
Rule 23 4. A man pays off — of his debt and has to pay Rs 240 to
In case of single activity only ie Part done + Part remained pay off the debt completely. Find the total amount of
=1 debt.
a)Rs400 b)Rs450 c)Rs500 d)Rs550
Amount Spent _ Amount Remained
Total Amount -
Balance Pa. t Part Remained 5 1
5. A man spends — of his income on food and — on rent
HS 31

wmd rest he saves. I f he saves Rs 50, find his income.

a)Rs6O0 b)Rs800 c)Rs575 d)625 (Inserting one fraction between - and —)
out,
covering — th o f my journey, I find that I have 1 1+5 5 5+4 4
full
175 km. How much journey is left? 3' 3 + 8 ' 8' 8 + 5' 5
b)20km c)30km d)35km 1 5
(Inserting one fraction between — and 77. and one

3.d 4. a 5. a 6. a
fraction between — and — )
o 5
Rule 24
J _6_ 5 _9_ 4
Xj X2

tfwu+gnrn fractions be and and we want to insert ~ 3 ' l l ' 8' 13' 5

Xj X2
(Three fractions inserted between - and — )
that I
mpmcnon tying between and , the following steps Exercise
awirf t-e Taken. 1 5
Sfc^ L The numerators of two given fractions are added to 1. Insert one fraction between — and ~ .
4 6
get -ie numerator of the resulting fraction ie numerator of
nn tsaiting fraction = x +x . x 2
2 4
2. Insert two fractions between — and —.
Saej Th The denominators of two given fractions are added
tfget the denominator of the resulting fraction. That is
Ammunaior of the resulting fraction = y + y • x 2
„ 5 9
3. Insert three fractions between ~ and —
Xj + X2
Stty HI: Resulting Fraction = ~ 1 5
y\ 4. Insert four fractions between ~ and — .
•- resulting fraction so obtained has its magnitude 3 0
ber of fmtime) lying between the two given fractions. By this - • A -S f»«-J***»*£'tK
any number of fractions can be inserted between 5. Insert five fractions between — and y .
gpeen fractions.
Answers
nfrom itive Examples 2 ]_ 2 7
3 3_ 7 I l l
!• 5 - 4' 4.
1 4 2 9
3 " 4'9'5 5'2'3'9
rum in Insert one fraction between — and y .
_7_ 6_ H_ _5_ _9_
Using the above method,
5 ' 22'17'29'12'19
•es
I 111 1 - 1 1 1 ' Note: Answers may be different from what it is written here.
V 3 + 5 ' 5 ~ 3 ' 8' 5
white, Rule 25
of the Thus, the resulting fraction — is more than — and
o 3 Ex.: What must be subtracted from the sum of 13 — and
stres 00
less than — in magnitude (value).
4—: to have a remainder equal to their difference?
240 to 66
1 4
Soln: Detail Method:
>unt of
Insert three fractions between — and —.
Difference=13^-4A = ( 1 3 _4)+[^-A
50 Using the above method
_1 111 1-111
on rent ~ 3 ' 3 + 5 ' 5 ~ 3 ' 8' 5 = 9+A = 9 l
66 33
32 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Soln: We see that the numerators as well as denominators

7 5 12 2
Sum= 13 — + 4 — = 1 7 — = 17 — of the above fractions increase by 1, so the last frac-
66 66 66 11
.-. the required answer 5
tion, ie 7 , is the greatest fraction,
o
= i7A_9_L= 17A_9_L = 8 A [Here, a = b]
11 33 33 33 33
Direct Formula: Ex. 2: Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?
The required answer = 2 * smaller value
112.
= 2 x 4 — = 8— 8' 9 ' 10
66 33 Soln: We see that the, numerator increases by 3 (a constant
Exercise value) and the denominator also increases by a con-

11 1 o 4 7

1. What must be subtracted from the sum of 12 — and ° — stant value (1), so the last fraction ie. — isthe great-
est fraction.
to have a remainder equal to their difference?
What must be subtracted from the sum of 14 — and [Here,a>b]
Exercise
1. Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?
5— to have a remainder equal to their difference?
I ! 3

2'3'4
3. What must be subtracted from the sum of 17— and 2. Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?

1 1 A 11
15 — to have a remainder equal to their difference? 8'9*10'11
3. Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?

What must be subtracted from the sum of 5— and 3— 1 A _?_ 11

2 5 9'11'13'15
to have a remainder equal to their difference? 4. Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?
of29- and
J_ 2 4_ _3_
What must be subtracted from tl
7'9'H'lO
19-j to have a remainder equal to their difference?
5. Which one of the following fractions is the greatest'
Answers 1_ 1 0 4 7
14 2 3 5'11'7'i
2. 10 3. 30- 4.64 5.394
33 Answers

Rule 26 3 10 13
In the group of fractions / 11 3 -15

x x+a x + 2a x + 3a x + na 4 10
y' y + b' y + 2b' y + 3b'"" y + nb 4 TT 11

x + na Rule 27
y+ n has the highest value.
o
The fraction whose numerator after cross-multiplication
gives the greater value is greater.
Wherei) a = b or ii) a>b
Illustrative Example
Illustrative Examples
Ex. 1: Which one of the following fractions is the greatest? 5 9
Ex.: Which is greater — or — ?
3 4 5 8 14
—, T and 7 Soln: Students generally solve this question by changing
4 5 6
Simplification 33

the fractions into decimal values or by equating the the denominators of the fractions inc:e;;e :
denominators. But we suggest you a better method stant values (the numerators by 1 and the denomina-
far getting the answer more quickly. tors by 4).
Step I: Cross-multiply the two given fractions.
Increase in Numerator I
ie : : = ~r is greater than the
- | - ^ X ^ ^ - , w e h a v e 5 x 14 = 70and8 x 9 = 72
Increase in Denominator 4
Mep II: As 72 is greater than 70 and the numerator 1 4 ,
first fraction - . Hence the last fraction ie — is the
9
involved with the greater value is 9, the fraction
14 greatest.
is the greater of the two. Increase in Numerator
(H) If — — r— : < Firstfraction, the last
Exercise Increase in Denommator
value is the least.
6 5
w~hich is greater — or —. Ex.: Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?
2 4_ _6_
7'15'23
Which of the following is lesser — or, — .
Soln: In the above example also, we see that the numera-
tors and denominators increase by 2 and 8 respec-
15 5
tively.
Which of the following is greater, — or, —
Increase in Numerator 2
17 8 Here, - r ^ - — — = — is less than the
Which of the following is greater — or — Increase in Denominator 8
2 6
51 first fraction —. Hence, the last fraction ie — is the
25
Which of the following is lesser — or, y ^ y .

least and the first fraction ie — is the greatest.

41 53
Which of the following is lesser — or — .
Increase in Numerator
Answers (Hi) If — : = First fraction, all the
Increase in Denominator
5 4 5 values are equal.
L — 2. Ex.: Which one of the following fractions is the greatest?
13 3 9
3_ _6_ _9_ 12
17 25 41
i. — 5. 7 ' 1 4 ' 2 1 ' 28
35 51 53 Soln: In the above example we see that the numerators and
denominators increase by 3 and 7 respectively.
Rule 28
tm the group of fractions Increase in numerator 3
Here, - — is equal to the
Increase in denominator 7
x x+ a x + 2a x + 3a x + na
y' y + b' y + 2b' y + 3b'"" y + nb
first fraction —. Hence, all the fractions are equal.
a<b,we have the following relations:
Increase in Numerator Exercise
I If Firstfraction, the last 1. Which of the following fractions is the greatest?
Increase in Denominator
value is the greatest.
I 1AA
5 ' 8 ' 11' 14
IA: Which one of the following is the greatest?
2. Which of the following fractions is the greatest?
I 2L. A _L
3 A A A 2-
812'16'20 8' 11 ' 1 4 ' 1 7 ' 2 0
In the above example, we see that the numerators and
3. Which of the following fractions is the least?
34 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

3 1 *
£JL i i 11 *3 ' fiv) - x * - = —
7 ' l f 15'19 " f f l ' H r 5 U 8
; 9 12'
Which of the following fractions is the least?
o 9 2 ,16t 1 1 **
(v) 8—-=-*— = 7 — , (vf)4—-*— =1—
2 4_ 6_ _8_ v ;** 27 17 K 6*
} 17 6*
5'11'17'23 2. In a book on Arithmetic a question was printed thus:
Which of the following fractions is the least?
'Add together 1 1 1 1
: the denominator of
1A A A 2' r 13-
8'17'26'35 14- 1 9 -
3 4
Which of the following fractions is the greatest? one fraction being accidentally omitted. The answer
4 _8_ 12 16 20 11
7'15'23'3T'39 given at the end of the book was — . Find the missing
Zo
7. Which of the following fractions is the greatest?
denominator.
3 6 9 12
Answers
7 15 23 31
(ii) c - x 2o - = 14
3 , J— ;
3 3

Answers
1. (07,4; W 57 4 1 4 '

'7 3 20 2 5 7 3,1 5
3. 7. ( i i i ) 7 - - 4 — = 3—; (iv) - x l - = — ;
^14 23 35 39 v ' 3 11 33 y ' 8 9 12

o 9 ,2 ,16
Rule 29 (v) 8 — + 1 — = 7 — :
(vi) 4
A
2— = 1 —
1 n 1 1 6 5

y ) 17 27 17
To determine the missing figures which are indi- K ' 68 17 68
2.5
cated by asterisks.
There is no any general rule that will apply to all type of Some m o r e questions o n Basic Calcu
questions. We can better understand the rule to determine
lations a n d Simplification
the missing figures by the illustrative example.
SET-I
Illustrative Example 1. 171-19x9 = ?
Ex.: Supply the two missing figures which are indicated a)l b) 18 c)81 d)0
3 1 [SBIPO Exam, 1987]
by asterisks in the equality 5 —x*—= 19, the frac- 2. 5005-5000-10.00 = ?
2 a) 0.5 b)50 c)5000 • d)4505
tion being in their lowest terms. [BankPO Exam,1988|
Soln: Since (5 + a fraction) is contained (3 + a fraction) 3. 8-4(3-2) x4 + 3-7 = ?
times in 19, the integral portion of the second mixed a)-3 b)5 c)4 d)^l
number must be 3. [Railways, 19911
3 1
Hence, 5 - x 3 - = 19 10 12 ? J
* 2 4 — x — x—= 16
3 5 4
3 2 3 a) 6 b)2 c)8 d)4
o r , 5 l = 19x4 = 5 l
' * 7 7 [Railways, 1991]
.-. the required figures are 7, 3.
7 ( 3 2]_2
Exercise 9 I9 9J 9
+

1. Determine the missing figures (denoted by stars) in the

[Clerical Grade Exam, 1991 ]
following equations, the fractions being given in their
lowest terms:
a)
1
b) c) d)
1
3 3 * 9 7 9 ' 1
( i ) 6 - x * - = 30 (ii) * -7 x 2 - * = 14—
14' 12x8-19x2
[BSRB BankPO Exam, 1990]
6x7-6.5x2
Simplification

[Hotel Management. 1991 ]

29
a) 2 b) c) d) None of these 29 10 29 10
c)
a ) 79 b ) 10 d ) y
1
4 + 20 17.28,? _
2 , 15. - =2 [SBIPO Exam, 1988)
=
(BankPO Exam, 19901 3.6x0.2
22x44
a) 120 b)1.20 c)12 d)0.12
1
x4 + 20 5 6 . 8 . 3 3 1 7
16 —+ —x? , 1 — + — x3— = 2 —
a 6 7 9 5 4 3 9'
81 3 161 [GIC,AAO Exam, 1988]
c) d)l
a ) 88 b ) IT 176
a) b) c)l d) None of these

3+ ( 8 - 5 ) , ( 4 - 2 ) , 2 + —
V 13
1 7 4 l 3 l + ? + 2 l = 13-
+ [SBIPO Exam, 1887]
[Hotel Management Exam, 1991] 2 6 3 5

11 17 68 13
b) a)3f b) i f c)4l d)4-
a)
17 13 d >oI

1 1 , 1
of -
5 5 5 _o [Railways, 1991] 18- The value o f is: [SSCExam, 1987]
1 , 1 1 ' 3+-
- of - + —
5 5 5 2+ -
2
a)l b)5 d)25 19
*5
a) b) c) d)
ML (20 + 5)+2 + (16 + 8 ) X 2 + (10 + 5)X(3-!-2) = ? 19
[Clerical Grade Exam, 1991]
a) 9 b) 12 c) 15 d) 18
1 „ 1
19. How many — 's are there in 37— ?
„ 3 i Ax + l,20 =? [BankPO Exam, 1988]
10 10 5 [SBIPO Exam, 1988]
a) 300 b)400 c)500 d) Can't be determined
107
a)0 b)l c)100 d) 1 1
200 20. In a college, 7 of the girls and 7 of the boys took part
5 o
16-6x2 + 3 „
12 [BankPO Exam, 1988] in a social camp. What of the total number of students in
23-3x2 the college took part in the camp?
[SBIPO Exam, 1988]
23 14 2
b) c) 13 13 2
a ) !7 40 23
40
a ) 80 b ) 13 d) Data inadequate
C )

21. In a certain office (1/3) of the workers are women, (1/2) of

u. V 2-, ll-I l l - l - l ] the women are married and (1/3) of the married women
4 2 . 2 3 6j
have children. I f (3/4) of the men are married and (2/3) of
[Central Excise Exam, 1989] the married men have children, what part of workers are
„1 77 without children? [SBIPO Exam, 1987]
a) b)l 0 4- d)l
228 5 4 11 17
a ) l i b ) 9 C ) I¥ d)3~6
.4 The value of 1 + - is: 22. I f we multiply a fraction by itself and divide the product
1+- ,.26
1+- by its reciprocal, the fraction thus obtained is 1 8 ^y-
 36 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

The original fraction is:

[LIC AAO Exam, 1988]
?1
33. hg [BSRBPO Exam, 1992]
' J a Io2 l = J
8 1
a) • 43 d)None of these a) 64 b)34 c)54 d)94
27 3
1 ^ (o.ss^+Co.o?) ,^) 2 2 _ ?
23. What fraction must be subtracted from the sum of
4 ^ (0.055) + (0.007) + (0.0027)
2 2 2

1 1 a) 10 b)100 c)50 d)1000

and — to have an average of — of all the three frac-
[MBA Exam, 1992]
tion? [SBIPO Exam, 1988]
1 1 35. J^=0.26 [SBIPOExam, 1988]
4 b)T c) d >6
a) 10 b) 1 0 2 c) 103 d) 502
24. 2 + V 2 + — U +- 18-3x4 + 2 .
2 + VT v ^ - T P « B A E n m , l « 3 ]
r
36. [BSRBPO Exam, 1986]
6x5-3x8
a) 2 b)4 c)0 d) Can't be determined
25. Iffx-jy = 1 and 4x + -Jy = \1, then ^/xy = ? b)
d >J
[CET Exam, 1997]
a) 72 b)64 c)82 d)96 37. W W . ! ? ?
7+12
26. =2 [CET Exam 1997] a) 6 4 b) 6 4 C) 2 6 d) 6 2
0.2x3.6
[ITI Exam, 1988]
a) 17.82 b) 17.22 c) 17.28 d) 17.12
25 x
38. Find the value of x in the equation J l + 144 = 1 + 12 '
27. V?x7xl8 = 84 [MBA Exam, 1982]
a)3.11 b)3.12 c)3.13 d)3.14 a)l b)0.5 c)2 d)4
64 9
28. 2- X y? J = 7 T , find the value of x and y. 121 64
v J x
39. 8 3 [SBIPO Exam, 1986]
[MBA Exam, 1987] —+ -
11 8
a) (3,15) b)(3,14) c)(14,3) d)(24,6)
88 31 41 99
29. I f x * y = (x + 2f{y-2) then7*5 = ? a) b) d)
31 88 C >99 41
[MBA Exam, 1983]
a) 234 b)243 c)343 d)423
30. I f m and n are whole numbers such that " = 121, then m 4°- I f V l 8 x l 4 x x = 84, then x is equal to?
a) 82 b)28 c)32 d)42
(/w-l)" +1 =? [MBA Exam, 1988]
(Auditors 1986)
a) 10 b) 10 2 c) 10 3 d) 10 4

41- V98-V50=?xV2
V1296 ? a)2 b)4 d)3 c)l
31 [CET Exam, 1996]
? 2.25 [BankPO 1980|
a) 6 b)3 c)9 d) 12 42. Express the number 51 as the difference of squares o f
two numbers.
a _17 a+b
32. If — r - — , what is equal to? a) 3 7 - 1 4 2 2 b) 3 6 - 1 5 2 2

a + b 23 a-b
17 23 23 c) 2 6 - 2 5 2 2 d) Can't be determined
a) c) [BankPO 1982]
23 11 d >17
[MAT 1995]
43. Thehighest score in an innings was — of the total score
 a) 0.025 b) 0.225 c) 0.005 <f>0<IC25
[UTI 199*
mad the next highest was — of the remainder. These
2,(2x2)_ 0
scores differed by 8 runs. What was the total score in
me innings? 5 1 (2,2)x2 •
• 162 b)152 c)142 d)132
1
[NDA1988] a) 2 b)l c)4
4
d )

[UTI 1990|
|J_j +(64)"^+(-32)^
54. 0.9-0.3x0.3 = ?
a) 0.1 b)0.9 c)0.09 d)l
[UTI 1990]
b ) ^
2 2 N 2 2
[SSC 1994] 55. hi - + -
5 + 3 y 5 3
If _ £ , then find the value of n
4

;S b)10 c)12 d) 16 a)l b) 2 c)2

15 15 d >4
[MAT 1992]
[UTI 1990]
56. 7386 + 3333-7=10010
hlx4—+7 = 22-
3 10 3 a)619 b)609 c)719 d)709
b)4.2 c)2.6 d)2.8 ]UTI 1990[
a) 2.4
[NDA 1983] 57. 4.16x0.75 = ?
a)3.12 b)0.0312 c)31.2
(l .06 + 0.04) - ? = 4 x 1.06 x 0.04 2
d) 0.312 e) None of these
a) 1.04 b)1.4 c)1.5 d) Can't be determined [UTI 1990]
[CDS 1980]
58 2- + 3- + 4- = l
I-Il . „ 1 1 2 3 4
If a +b =45 and ab= 18, find - + - .
2 2

a) 11 b)5^ 0 9-
12
a) b) ? c)- d) Can't be determined
1
[MBA 1987] d) 10 e) None of these

a +b2 2 ab a+b [UTI 1990]

-i9 If then find the value of a-b r in terms
c +d
2 2 cd 8.4x4.2-2.1 „
of c and d only.
59 =?
2.1x4.2,8.4
:+d cd c-d c+ d a) 16 b)8 c)1.6
a) b) c) d) — - d) 1 e) None of these
~c~d~ c+ d c+ d c-a
[UTI 1990]
[MBA 1987]
50. Simplify 400
60.
flV2 -V2 +fl i_ -V2 a
289 425
-+- [MBA 1987] a) 6800 b)256 c)272
1-a 1 + Va d)225 e) None of these
[Assistant Grade Exam, 1980)
a-l 2
a) b) c) d) 61. 1012x988 = ?
a-l y 2 a-l 1-a
a)988866 b) 989996 c) 999856
51. Solve 5V* + 1 2 ^ = 13^* d) 992786 e) None of tese
[SBI POExam.19-9]
a) 4 b)2 c)l d)6
[MBA 1987] 62. ^0.361/0.00169=?
52. 0.05 x 0.09 x 5 = ?
38 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

d)100 c)10
19 L9 19
b) c)
13 13 72. I f ( 4 ) x ( ^ " | = 2 " , t n e n n = ?
3 > J [NIC, 1982]

190 a) 10 b) 11 c)24
e) None of these
d) IT d) 12 e) 14
73. A number o f men went to a hotel and each spent as
[GIC1987]
many rupees as there were men. I f the money spent was
196 ? = 9 Rs 15625, find the number of men.
63. ? 36 [BankPO, 1980]
a) 28 b)84 c)56 a) 115 b) 125 c)130
d) 16.5 e) None of these d) 135 e) 145
[IAS, 1982] 74. The smallest possible decimal fraction up to three deci-
mal places is,
64. I f Vl 5625 =125, then a)0.001 b)0.101 c)0.011
d) 0.111 e) None of these
Vl 5625 + Vl 56.25 + Vl .5625 = ?
[IITCE,1990]
a) 1.3875 b) 13.875 c) 138.75 75. A glass full o f water weighs 100 gm. An empty glass
d) 156.25 e) None of these weighs 45 gm 320 mg. How much water can the glass
[GIC1988] hold? (Fashion Tech, 1993]
2592 a) 54.68 gm b) 145.32 gm c) 55.68 gm
65. = 324
d) 60 gm e) None of these
a) 18 b)144 c)8 76. A, B and C have to distribute Rs 1,000 between them, A
d) 16 e)64 and C together have Rs 400 and B and C Rs 700. How
[RRB 1980] much does C have? [MBA Exam, 1987]
a)Rsl00 b)Rs50 c)Rs200
VT21 45 13
66. d) Rs 300 e) None of these
11 169 V225
a) 10.31 b)l c) 35.96 8 , 3 a 3 „
n

77. I f - = — 1 0 , t h e n - — = ? [BankPO, 1983]

d)3 e) None of these a a 8 a
[UDC1983]
95 _16
25 a)-10 b) c)
67. I f J1 + 1 + — thenx=? 16 95
144 12
[BankPO 1981] 24 a -24 2

a)l b)2 c)5 d) ~2 e)

a -8 2
8a
d) 7 e) None of these
78. I f 8 7 0 0 , x = 300and4,590-y=170,then(;c-y) *(x+y)
68. The cost of telephone calls in an industrial town is 30
=?
paise per call for the first 100 calls, 25 paise per call for
[BSRB Exam, 1988]
the next 100 calls, and 20 paise per call for calls exceed-
a) 29 b)56 c) 112
ing 200. How many calls can one make for Rs 50?
d)27 e)81
[BSRBPO Exam, 1988]
a) 175 b)180 c)200 3 7 ,.2
If 9 - x y - = 1 6 -
d)225 e)250 x 9 3'
0.538x0.5380-462x0.462 ]IRS, 1990]
69. [BankPO, 1983]
1-0.924 a) (7,1) b)(8,l) c)(13,l)
a) 2 b)1.08 c) 0.076 d)(5,l) e)(2,l)
d) 0.987 e)l 3 1 y
70. 6 - [ 5 - { ? - ( 2 - 1 . 5 ) } ] = 3 [BankPO, 1986] & x x 9 ~I2' t b e n t b e v a m°f e ' ' s

a)2 b)l c)2.5

[Assistant Grade Exam, 1992]
d)1.5 e)3.5
a ) l , 13 b) 1,5 c)l,7
16.6 d)l,ll e) 1,1
71. [ITI, 1988}
166
a) 0.1 b)l c)0.01 81. ^ - — which of the following can replace all the ques-
Simplification

tion marks?
33
[BankPO Exam, 1989] swer by . Find the correct answer.
a) 6 b)7 c)2
d) 42 e) None of these 64 46 46
a)
xy* 3x 85 b >5l C >85"
82. Divide by —
64
yz * 4z d) e) None of these
3z 4z 2z 58
a) b) 89. A woman sells to the first customer half her stock and
4
half an apple, to the second half her remaining stock and
2 half an apple, and so also to a third, and to a fourth
e) customer. She finds that she has now 15 apples left.
d >3
How many had she at first?
83. V0.0064 is equal to, [BankPO 1975] a) 255 b)552 c)525
a) 0.08 b)+0.08 c)0.8 d)265 e) None of these
d) + 0.8 e) + 8 5 4 2 4
90. — of — of a number is 8 more than — of — of the
1 1
—+ - same number. What is half of that number?
2 3
Simplify [BankPO 1975] a) 630 b)315 c)210
2 i d)105 e) None of these
7

7 7 7
Answers
a) L2 C ) 4l l.c 2.d 3.c 4.c 5.d 6. a 7.c
7 7 8. a 9.d lO.a 11.b 12.a 13.c 14.a
15.c
d >li e) 27
5 6 8 8 3 10 25
if I O ^ - 25 then what is the value o f io^ ?
2
16. b; Hint: Let xx —+ —x y.Then,
[SSC, 1994] 6 7 9 5 4 3
5 7 8 5 3 10 25
— X— X X X 1 X =
a)-5 b)5 c)
25 6 6 9 8 4 3 9
35 5 5 25
or —xx — + —= —
d) :e) None of these ' 36 9 2 9

35 25 5 5 50 + 10-45 15
1 or —~x '•
2x(37) -- 2
' 36 9~ 9 + 2 18 18
86. W. is equal to which of the following num-
2x37-1 15 36 6
.". x 18 ^ 35 ~ 7
ber?
a) 36.5 b)38 c)37.5 9 19 7
d) 37 e) None of these — + + X +
2 6 3
87. Find the number one-seventh of which exceeds its elev-
enth part by 100. 67 (9 19 17 2
a) 1925 b)1295 c)1952 — + + - = -10 = — = 3 -
5 5
5 6 3j
d)1592 e) None of these
18. c
16
88. A boy on being asked to multiply — of a certain frac- „„ 1 75 1
19. a; Hint: 3 2 =y = g
7 x
2 ^ - =1x300
2 j 8
16
tion made the mistake of dividing the fraction by
17
Thus, the number of - ' s in 3 7 ^ is 300.
and so got an answer which exceeded the correct an-
40 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

20. c; Hint: Out of 5 girls, 1 took part in the camp and out of
8 boys, 1 took part in the camp. Thus out of 13 stu- 25. a; Hint: V I + V>' = 1 7 ®

2 and, 4x-Jy=\)
dents, 2 took part in the camp. i.e. — of total students
Adding equations (i) and (ii), we get Vx = 9
joined the camp.
21. c; Hint: Let the total number of workers be x. Subtracting equation (ii) from (i), we get Jy = 8
1 Substituting these values,
Then, number of women = —x ;
Jxy = yfxxjy = 9x8 = 72

And, number of men = — x 26. c; Hint: Putting* in place of?

jc-5-12 _ 2

Number of women having children

0.2x3.6 ~
1 A ,1 1
= —of —of —X X
3 2 3 18 or, 12 = 2x0.2x3.6 => — = 2x0.2x3.6
12
2 3 2 1
Number of men having children = —of—of—x = -x or, x= 12x2x0.2x3.6 = 17.28
27. a; Hint: Substituting x for ?, we get,
1 1 7 V * x 7 x l 8 = 84
Number of workers having children = — x + — x = — x
I—r 84
or, V * x 7 = —
1 \1 18
No. of workers having no children = ! ~ x fgj x = —x
18

22. b; Hint: Let the fraction be IT Then,

84 84x84
or, x x 7 = .". x- = 3.11
^x«U*=18- S 6 5 1 2 18x18x7
b b 21 21
28. c; Hint: Taking the quotients 2, y and 7, we get
2y = 7, which gives the quotient as 3
a a a 512
or —x —x —= w - o r 3
.-. y - 3. Substituting the value of y, we get,
' b b b 21 ° U J ,3,
o 37 T 1 3

2 —x3— = 7 —
•-=*=2- x 2 4
"b 3 3

1 1 , 1 Now, — - = 2 - = > 2 A I
23.d;Hint:Let T + ^ - x : = 3 x J "-Then,
2
4 = 2

3 I x 14 x
2
1 1 1 1
— + — x = — or x = — .-.x = 14 v = 3
4 6 4 6'
29. b; Hint: Substituting x = 7 and y = 2, we get,
V 2 - 2 + 2 + V2 7*5 = (7 + 2 ) ( 5 - 2 ) 2

24. a; Hint . 2 + V2- = (9) x3=243

(2 + V2)(V2-2) 2

30. c;Hint:Giventhatm = 121 m = (ll)n n 2

[Since a = ^2 a n d b=2 Hence, m = 11 and n = 2, substituting these values,

.-. (a + b ) ( a - b ) = 2 _ , 2a / ] (m-iy^H-lf+Ulo^lOOO
3 l.c; Hint: Putting x for (?),
= 2 + V2" ^=>2 V?+^=:
+ +
Vl296x2.25 = x
2-4
2
-2
or, 36x2.25 = x 2
Simplification

[since a m + " = "~" ]

a a
or, x = ^36x2.25

or, x = 6 x 1.5 [since ^1296 =36] .•.x = 4°

.-. x = 9 144 + 25 . x
38. a; Hint: J - ^ - = l + -
_ 17 a
I : Hint: Given that r 77 _

a + o 23 169 , x 13 x
or, J = 1 + — or,— = 1 + —
i.e., i f a = 17, then a + b = 23 ' V144 12 12 12
or, b = 6 or, x = l
a-b= 17-6=11
• a + _ 2 3 (64 -9xl2l) 2 8x11
"a-6 11 39.b;Hint:x= x ( x
8 8 + xll)
3

33. c; Hint: Putting x t o T ^ > 3 » ^ f e f a % % ^ *,w.e,ige.t.

'{6A - 3 x 3 x 1 l x l l )
1 3x11
x x' * - 1 OT'*~ (11x11x8x8) X ( 6 4 + 33)
18 162 ~X

(64 + 33X64-33)
or, x 2 =18x162 or, x =
11x8 (64 + 33)
or, x =18x18x9 o r , x = 1 8 x 3
2

. \ = 54 31
or, x = •
34. b; Hint: Let 0.55 = a, 0.07 = b and 0.027 = c
Then, the given expression becomes
40. b;Hint: V l 8 x l 4 x x = 84
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 _ l a ^ + c 2 ! Since x is under square root, so, squaring both sides
(0.1xa) +(0.1x6) +(0.1xc)
2 2 2 0.0l[a +fc +c ]
2 2 2
we get
84x84
1 8 x T 4 x = 84x84
x or, x -
= 100 18x14
0,01
35. c; Hint: Putting x for (?) and solving it for x, .'. x = 28
41. a; Hint: Putting x for (?) and solving it for x,
67.6 ^7x7x2-^5x5x2 =xx^2
= 0.26
x
or, 7 V 2 - 5 V 2 = x x V 2
67.6 .". x = 2
or, = (0.26) 2

42. c; Hint: Using the formula,

2
X = AZA_ o r x = 1000 'N+l ~N-\
, where N = original number
0.0676 N =
2 2
36. d; Hint: Putting x for (?) and applying VBODMAS rule,
PutN = 51
18-32 + 2 18 + 2-12 20-12 2
or,x = - ^ — z r - or,x = or.x =
30-24 30-24 30-24 or,51 = "51+r "51-f
2 2
or,x = — .'. x = —
6 3 or, 51 = (26) - ( 2 5 ) 2 2

37. b; Hint: Putting x for (?), and since all base are equal to 4, 43. a; Hint: Let the total score be x runs, such that
hence, put a = .
2 2 ( 2 2 2 7 .
— J C — X X X |='i Or, —x x—x = 8
or,x=W4 Nt» )r 2 5 9 9 I 9 9 9 9

or, x = a n -=-a xl or,x = a

6 1 2 - 6 or, x = a 6
2 2
or — x x — = 8 or, x = 162
"»> ft n
[since (a J 5 =\]
 42 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

.-. The total score in the innings was 162.

a +b 2 2 ab a +b 2 2 lab
49. d; Hint: or, -=-
44. a; W° + ( 6 4 ) * + ( - 3 2 ) * c +d 2 2 cd ' + r f c 2 2 2co"

a +b +lab
2 2 a +b -lab
2 2

or, —5 5 = —r =
= l+ ( 8 2 ^ (-lx32^
+
c +d +lcd
2 2 c +d -lcd
2 2

= 1+ 8 ' + l ( - l ) ^ x ( 3 2 ) ^ J ( )
or, c + d

{c-d)
= i l b l=nl + + 4
a+b_ c+d
= 1 8 +
+

a-b c-d
45. c; Hint: =64
aA+a'Yi \- -Yi a

,6 _ n 50. d; Hint: — ; + -=-

or,, ( 2 " f = 2 ° 1-a X + Ja
1
:.n = X2
46. a; Hint: Putting x for (?) and solving for it gives -+
\ a^Jx-a
l l I x 4 A + A; = 22-
3 10 3

1 8 2 since l - a = ( l ) - ( ^ ) = ( l 2 2 + ^ ) ( l - ^ )
or, H - x 4 — = 2 2 y x x [sincea-b = cthena = b * c ]

^+(l-a~^Yl-a^
1 „ 8
tfi+a

or x = — x4 — \ a^Jx-a^
211 10
3 _1
since •a^+a^+X-a^-a^+X 2
2 2 21 2
3 (1-a) X-a

or, = 2.4 x
51. a; Hint: 5V* \4x - j3V* +

47. a; Hint: Putting x for (?) and solving for it The given equation is of the form
(l .06 + 0.04) - x = 4 x 1.06 x 0.04 2 5 +12
2 =13 2 2

Here, 1.06 = a and 0.04 = b [By the Pythogoras theorem of numbers]

Comparing the two equations, we find
:.(a + bf -x = 4ab
4x = 2 ;. x = 4
;. x = (a - bf = (l .06 - 0.04) = 1.0404 2
52. d 53. d 54. b 55. b 56. d 57. a 58. d
59. a 60. c
\a + bf-{a-bf=4ab\
61. c; Hint: 1012 x 988=(1000 + 12) x (1000 - 1 2 ) [Use (a+b)
(a-b) = a -b ] 2 2

48. c; Hint:. t 11 - 1 a + fc_ yla +b +lab

2 2

a b ab a o
0.361
62. d;Hint: ' ^ x l O 2

0.00169 U3
since a + b = yj(a+bf
63. b

V45 + 2 x l 8 _ ± 9 _ + 1 64. c; Hint: ^/with two decimal places = one decimal place

18 ~J&~~2
••• V156.25 =12.5

^/with four decimal places = Two decimal place

 plification *3

.-. Vl .5625 = 1.25

2 127 + - or 255.
66. d 67. a 68. b 69. e 70. c
90. d; Hint: Let the number be x.
fl6.6f
5 4 2 4 .
C ; H i n t : ? = l l ^ J • —x — xx — x - x x = 8
•• 7 15 5 9
a;Hmt:(2 yx^] =2''^2 2 8 6 + 4 =2' ,
8x315 ...
or, x = = 210
~3 b; Hint: x 2 =1562 12
.-. Half of the number =105
_4.a 75. a
76. a;Hint: [(A + C) + (B + C ) ] - ( A + B + C) = C]
77. b 78. c 79. b 80. b SET -II
81. d; Hint: Put x for? Directions (Q. 1-10): Four of the five choices are ex-
82. b 83. b 84. d actly equal. Which one of the parts is not equal to the other
four? The number of that choice is the answer.
85b;Hint: io == VlO ^ == ^25 == 5 y 2 7 1. a)5280-3129 + 933
86. c b) 80% of5000 + 4% of 150 - 461 x 2

1 1 4
S a; Hint: — c) 8^ of558-1680
7 11 77
d) 1950 + 300 + 50% of 1700 - 8 x 2
of the number = 100 e) 22 x 30 + 30 x 15 + 75 x 3 5 - 6 5 1
77 2. a) 75 x 75 - 50% of2200 - 5% of 500
77- b) 80 x 30 +15 x 40 + 60% of 1800 + 420
the number = 100 x — = 1925 c) 25 x 85 + 90 x 20 + 50% of 1150
4
d) 35 x 3 5 + 2 1 x 9 0 - 5 % o f 100+1392
17 16 289-256 33 e) 1 1 0 0 x 5 + 2 x 3 0 - 5 0 % o f 2 0 8 8 - 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
88. a; Hint: Since 3. a) 1.3x5 + 2 . 3 x 5
16 17 16x17 16x17
b) 4 ! - 3 !
33 33 c) 2 + l
3 + 18-(3 +P)
3 + 22 2
.-.the fraction x - x i ? ^
d) 40% of40 + 20% of 20 - 1 0 % of 20
e) 10%of20 + 20%of80
33 16x17 _ 4
• thefraction=— 4. a)0.5 + 0.55 + 0.05
b) 0.6+ 0.04+ 0.05+ 0.3+ 0.01
c) 0.1x 1.0x0.01x1000
16 4 64
.-. the correct answer = — of — = r r d) 0.3+0.27+ 0.03+ 0.4
17 5 85 e) 0.5x2.0
89. a; Hint: Begin with the fourth customer.
1 1 1 1 1
5. a) ar *bT e- d- 7 * «
+ + b) -xe
a+b+c+d
Her stock before the 4th customer came was 2

or31 d)
e+b+c+d (a + b + c + d)
bde
Her stock before the 3rd customer came was 2 31 +
ac
or63
6. a) 87-i'% of 528 b) 6 6 y % of 522 + 6 x 1 9
Her stock before the 2nd customer came was

2^63 + - J o r l 2 7 c) 23 - 8
2 2 -3 d) 1 6 - % of 2772

Her stock before^ the 1st customer came was e) 6 2 - % of 496 + 3 7 - % of 2 8 8 - 4 + 8x6
5 5
44 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

a)21 x5 + 12x6 + 2 x 12 b)19x9 + 2 x l 5

c) 0.06 x 10 x 0.002 2 2 d) 0.3 x 2400 x 0.001 2
c)13x l l + 1 5 x 4 - 2 x 1 d) 11 x 1 9 - 2 + 12 3

e) 1 5 x 1 2 + 1 1 x 2 - 1 e) No error

63 16. a) (a + b + cf -(a-b-cf
a) 40% of 36 + 5% of 175 - —
b) (a + b-cf -{a-b-cf +4c{a + b)
b) V 6 2 5 - 2 5 % o / 2 0
c) (b + c-af -(a + b-cf + 4c(a-b)
11 d) 4a(b + c)
c) 20% of 125+ — of207-104
e) No error

d) - of424- /256 5a
17. 3 ) a (b-c)-b (a-c)+c (a-b)
2 2 2

b) -(a-b\b- c\c - a)
1 11
e) - o f 3 2 0 - — of 76 c) ab(a-b)+ bc(b-c)+ ca(c-a)

d) c (a-b)+a (b-c)-b {a-c)

2 2 2
2 10
a)35%of48 +15%of76 b) 3 + 4 - % of 25 —
2
e) No error
3 14
18. a)6.5x 1.5 + 3 . 5 x 2 . 5 - 5 x 0 . 5

c) 46.68-19.57+1.09 d) 78^-% of3.6 b) 3 + 80% o / 1 2 + 7% of 20 - 2

2 2

e) V795.24 c) ^ - 1 2 . 5 % o / 3 2
10. 3)3130+2060-1090 b)5680-3510+1930
c) 11450-5090 -+2260 d) 1080+2320 + 710 d) 3 V 7 8 4 - 8 - 2 2 2

e)8645-3155-1390 e) No error
Directions (Q. 11-30): In the following questions one of
the choices among (a), (b), (c) and (d) is different from other 19- 3 ) 4 8 2 b H 2 ^ 3 ) 2 c) (2 )
6 3 + 9 3
three. Mark the choice which is different If the four choices
are equal, the answer is i.e. No error. d) 9 x 2 8 e) No error
11. 3 ) 7 x 0 . 5 + 1 . 5 x 0 . 5 + 2.5x0.3 20. 3 ) 12 + 3 2 + 5 2 + 7 2 b)l3 + 3 3 + 4 3 _ 3 2

b) ( 1 . 4 x 5 ) - 2 + 15-10
c) 2 + 4 + 6 + 5 + 3
2 2 d) 2 + 4 2 2 1 3 3 +l +3 +2'
3 2
c) ( i + 2 + 3 ) + 3 - ( 3 x 4 ) - 6
2 2 2

e) No error
d) 2(l.5+ 1.3)-3x0.2 21. a)1.4x4 + 2 . 3 x 4 - 1 . 6 x 0 . 5
e) No error b) 2 . 7 x 4 - 1 . 8 x 3 + 2 x . 4 3

12. 3)15%ofl50 + 25x0.3 b)(l x 2 x 3 x4 x 5)-4 c) 1 . 2 x - 1 . 9 5 2 + 2 x . 2

8 8

c) 3 _
4 6 2 + 2 d) l2 + 2 2 + 3 2 + 4 2 d) 2 . 8 x 2 + 1 . 2 x 7
e) No error
e) No error
13. 3)(1.6x6 + 6.2 x 5 ) - 0 . 5 22. a) - 2 n ( « + 3 m ) 2 2

b) 13x3 + 1 4 x 2 + 1 . 4 x 5 + 1 . 2 x 5
b) - ( n - m f -{n + mf
C) 4 3 + 2 4

c) - 2m[m + 3 « ) 2 2
d) ( l + 3 + 5 + 7 ) - 2
2 2 2 2 2

e) No error d) 4r? -6mn(m-n)-6n (m 2 + n)

14. 3) 10% of45 + 55% of30 / e) No eJtfor
b) 70% of30 + 40% of 20 - 8
c) 15%of40+ 13% of 50+ 17% of 50 l 23. *){x-yf -{x + yf -( y + 2xl2x-y)
d) l x 2 + 2 x 3 + 3 x 4
e) No error b) 3y +(y-2x\x-2y)-x(2x
2 + 9y)

15. 3)1.2x0.003 x20x0.01 b) 0.003 x0.02 x l O2 3 4 c) y 2 -4x(x + y)

 .:::r.

30. a)20%of45 + 17%of9 b ) 2 5 - 5 x 2.894

c)9 + 3x0.51 d)50%of 2 1 -

b) 6 - 2 4 4
e) No error
Ifc«f32 x 62.5% of25.6 d) x5
2 7
Answers
1. c; A l l others are equal to 3084.
2. d; All ohers are equal to 4500.
3. c; All others are eual to 18.
-*X*-*Xc-4--( -*) z
4. a; A l l others are equal to 1.
•-«Xft-xX*-c)..(r-*)} bde
5. c; A l l others are equal to .
ac
6. e; All others are equal to 462.
7. d; All others are equal 201.
65+15% of 9 b) 2_
5 5 x 0 .83
8. d; All others are equal to 20.
9. d; A l l others are equal to 28.2.
xl.175 d)45%of 4 6 - 10. d; A l l others are equal to 4100.
11. c; All others are equal to 5.
12. e; A l l are equal to 30.
13. e; A l l are equal to 80.
b) 1000% of
15 14. d; A l l others are equal to 21.
15. b; All others are equal to 0.00072.
— 50% of - 16. c; A l l others are equal to 4ab + 4ac.
d) 0.09375 of 7 -
3 3 17. b; A l l others are equal to
a b - a c - ab +b c + ac - be
2 2 2 2 2 2

18. e; A l l are equal to 16.

-ry -(y+3x)
z 2
19. c; All are equal to 2304.
x ) - (3y - x ) + 5(y - xX* + v)-12xv
2 2
20. e; All are equal to 8.
21. c; A l l others are equal to 14.
+2y)
22. c; A l l others are equal to - 2 « -6m n • 3 2

+ ^v + ( v - 2 x ) 2
23. e; All are equal to - 4 x + y - 4xy •
2 2

24. d; A l l others are equal to 1280.

wf -(n + mf 25. e; A l l others are equal to 0.
26. c; All these are equal to 20.85.
-In )-3n(n
2 + 3m) 2 -(m-nf
27. a; A l l are equal to 0.6 •
a4. +3m )
2 2

28. e; A l l are equal to - 5 x - lOxy •

2

".f -m (m + 9n)-3n (n
2 2 + m)
29. b; All others are equal to _ - 6m n •
2 w 3 2

30. d; All others are eual to 10.53.