International Journal of Students’ Research In Technology & Management

Vol. 3(04), April 2015, ISSN 2321-2543, Pg. 333-335

INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM

USING AD-HOC WIRELESS SENSOR SYSTEMS
J.Isaac Henderson, M.Aravind
Thiagarajar college of Engineering, Madurai, Tamilnadu,India.
[email protected], [email protected]

Abstract— This paper deals with designing an automatic traffic Here in the system that we propose works by analyzing the
control system which works on principle of TRAFFIC DENSITY
traffic in roads and gives priority to the high traffic density.
monitored by Sensors on each side which provides direct
information to microcontroller which performs decision making (i.e.) it makes the high traffic to move first. Given above
to allow traffic based on density. The three density zones are low, three density zones are shown. The three density zones are
medium and high. In each zone an ad hoc sensor is placed. Each low, medium and high. In each zone an ad hoc sensor is
sensor will check the presence of the vehicle in the zone using placed. Each sensor will check the presence of the vehicle in
infrared technology and then ad hoc sensor sends the data to the zone using infrared technology and then ad hoc sensor
master ad hoc. To locate the sensor, each sensor of different zone sends the data to master ad hoc. To locate the sensor, each
is addressed by user and that address is fed to the master ad hoc sensor of different zone is addressed by user and that address
sensor. This master ad hoc sensor will arrange the data from is fed to the master ad hoc sensor. This master ad hoc sensor
various sensors in an 8 bit data format. It then performs the
will arrange the data from various sensors in an 8 bit data
required processing to determine the green signal time for each
side. It has an exceptional system for high priority vehicles like format as shown in Fig 2.Where H1, H2, H3 and H4 are high
ambulance, as it senses the direction of arrival of these vehicles density zone status bits and M1, M2, M3 and M4 are medium
and gives a green corridor. The main advantage over density zone status bits.
conventional system is that a side with heavy traffic doesn’t have
to wait unreasonably while a side with no/less traffic gets an
equal amount of time as that of heavy traffic side which is
irascible. This is an improved system based on preference for
urgency/density of traffic. This can prove useful in especially
Junctions of importance, thereby mediating traffic flow correctly.
Index Terms- AD-HOC wireless network+, Intel 8051 MC, Intel
8255 Interfacing, Sound Sensor, Traffic density
I. INTRODUCTION
The conventional traffic system handles traffic without
priority. The proposed system handles traffic with respect to
Fig 1: Various Density zones
its density and if there’s equal density then its gives green for
the side which first gives information and it also has a built A. Architecture
in mechanism to allow the side from which ambulance is The density of the traffic is determined and the present
arriving. condition (whether the reception is there are not) is sent to
the Intel 8255 which is interfaced with the MSC8051
II. EXISTING SYSTEM microcontroller using Ad hoc sensors. Each Ad hoc sensor is
The conventional traffic system depends on the timers addressed individually and the median Ad hoc sensor will
where the vehicle density is not taken into account. So the arrange the data with respect to address of ad hoc sensor in 8
people need to wait for their turn to move irrespective of bit format and the data. Then the data is received to a specific
vehicle density on roads. For example, consider a junction location using various 8255 control words. The controller is
which has four roads. There is no problem if the vehicle programmed in such a manner that the priority is set for the
density is equally distributed. If it happens to be the case four roads and then the signal is given to vehicle with respect
where the vehicle density in one side of road is larger when to priority. The road which has high vehicle density is open
compared to all the other three, we can’t let the area where first. Then again the density is checked and process repeats.
there is least traffic have a green signal timing equal to that
of a denser road traffic. This is the problem in conventional H1 H2 H3 H4 M1 M2 M3 M4
signals. Fig 2: 8 Bit data format.
III. PROPOSED SYSTEM

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 International Journal of Students’ Research In Technology & Management
Vol. 3(04), April 2015, ISSN 2321-2543, Pg. 333-335

Fig 3: Block diagram of the system.

B. Extra Features
CASE 1: If Any 2/More Sides Have Equal Traffic
Density:
If two/more sides have equal traffic density, then the side Fig 5: During arrival of ambulance.
which gave first information about the corresponding side
gets the first green signal.
D. Simulation
CASE 2: If An Ambulance Arrives In Any Of The Side:
The simulated input and output using KEIL simulator are
A Sound sensor is placed on the high density area of every shown .Intel 8051 microcontroller is used here to show the
side and it detects the sound of ambulance and processor simulated output of this system. The 8bit data having the
does the work and green corridor is given immediately. information about the road density is given to the parallel
A typical sound sensor is given below. port 0 of the microcontroller. It shows that the road 2 and
road 3 has high traffic density, road 1 has medium traffic
density and road 4 has low traffic density. The output is
shown in the data space. The road number is stored according
to the priority order.

Fig 4: Sound sensor.

C. Working of sound sensor
This sound sensor consists of a microphone and LM393
module and gives a digital output. Initially the sound of the
ambulance is recorded at different time intervals and it is
stored in the microcontroller. When the ambulance arrives
the signal which is received by the microphone is converted
to analog voltage and it is compared with value stored in the
controller using the LM393 module. Based on the intensity
of the sound the analog voltage varies and that is used to find
the arrival of the ambulance.

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 International Journal of Students’ Research In Technology & Management
Vol. 3(04), April 2015, ISSN 2321-2543, Pg. 333-335

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS [5] Gangadhar, S., 2010. An intelligent road traffic
In the existing system, even if there is no vehicle on one control system, in Students' Technology Symposium
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system has the priority for emergency vehicles like 1, Felipe Garcia-Sanchez 1,Joan Garcia-Haro 1 and
ambulance. Zygmunt J. Haas 2” A Comprehensive Approach to
WSN-Based ITS Applications:A Survey” Sensors
V. CONCLUSION
2011, 11, 10220-10265; doi:10.3390/s111110220
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