SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Module No. 2: Introduction

Time Frame: 1 week – 3 hours

1. Overview
Jose Rizal has become a household name in the country.
His popularity even extends beyond our borders. The accolade
accorded to him probably stems from his impressive credentials
and bold stance against the tyrannical rule of Spain that led to
his eventual death in 1896.
If he was still alive, he can rival the most popular local and
international celebrities and influencers. Surely, he will be in the
list of top celebrity endorsers whose photos are displayed on
giant billboards and placed on covers of prestigious magazines. He will join the ranks
of sought after guests in various radio, television, and online shows discussing about
any topic under the sun considering his wide repertoire of expertise.
Today, absent his physical presence because of his death at a very young age,
he remains in the conversation especially among the students in all grade/year levels.
This can be attributed to their constant exposure on the information regarding Rizal.
From elementary to college, the curriculum devotes an ample time to get to know Jose
Rizal through the study of his life, works, and writings.
However, our appreciation of the national hero must be rooted from a clear
understanding of who he really was, the factors that molded his character, and his
impact on the lives of the Filipino people. As Mojarro (2018, para. 1) clearly points
out, “Admiring Rizal without understanding him is a kind of empty nationalism and
blind devotion.”
This module addresses questions students usually have when they begin
engaging in the course such as: Why do I have to study Rizal? What is its importance?
Though simple as they may appear, these queries need to be answered properly by
presenting relevant information from various sources, of course without the
OVERCOAT to borrow the word used by Ambeth Ocampo in his book.
In the process, we hope to imbibe the same values that propelled Dr. Jose Rizal
to greatness. Let us journey together and get to know your history and culture
through the study of the LIFE, WORKS, AND WRITINGS OF RIZAL.
MABUHAY SI DR. JOSE RIZAL! MABUHAY ANG PILIPINAS! ISANG
MAPAGPALAYANG ARAW SA ATING LAHAT!

2. Desired Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
• Explain the legal bases of studying the life, works and writings of Rizal and
other recognitions given to him using the RA 1425 and other laws pertaining to
the national hero.
• Discuss the relevance/importance of the RA 1425 and other laws pertaining
to the national hero in terms of their historical contexts.
 State their position regarding RA 1425, other laws pertaining to Rizal, as well
as other similar controversial laws considering the facts/information at hand and
personal convictions.

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

A cordial reminders my dear students:

Before you begin to navigate/explore, do not forget to invoke God’s presence through a prayer (include in your
petitions the safety of everyone in this trying times). It is also important to FOCUS, an acronym which stands for:

F-ind a conducive place to study (study as if you are attending a regular class).
O-rganize your books, writing materials, devices, and other materials you will use.
C-ommunicate your questions/concerns to your instructor (you may reach your instructor via mobile #0915-
2066248/e-mail address [email protected])
U-nderstand the lesson
S-tay safe and healthy

Expected Output
Code Output Score
M2ACT1 Activity 1 /10
M2ACT2 Activity 2 /10
M2ACT3 Activity 3 /5
M2ACT4 Activity 4 /15
M2ASS1 Reflection journal /10
M2EVAL1 Evaluation 1 /50
M2BONUS Bonus points
Total /100 points

Treasure Box
Identify Filipino values from the topic/s discussed in this module.
CODE=M2BONUS

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C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

3. Content/Discussion

To date, there is no law declaring Rizal as the national hero. In fact, there is no piece of
legislation recognizing anyone as the Philippine ultimate hero. Despite the attempts made by
lawmakers to enact a law declaring Rizal as the national hero (Congressmen Rene Relampagos &
Edgar Erice), none did materialize. The position is still up for grabs as they say until the Philippine
Congress name the country’s national hero.

Who is your personal choice as the country’s national hero? Explain your answer.
CODE=M2ACT1

Why study Rizal?

1. The law requires it as provided in the Republic Act (RA) 1425 or an act to include in the curricula
of all public and private schools, colleges, and universities courses on the life, works, and writings of
Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and
distribution thereof, and for other purposes.

2. There are lessons and values that can be learned through the study of his life, works, and
writings as mirrored in the DO 6, S. 1995 of the Department of Education titled Reiterating the
implementation of Republic Act No. 1425. The memorandum states, “It is hoped that teaching Rizal’s
life, shall strengthen nationalism, patriotism, national identity, love of humanity, respect for human
rights and appreciation of the role of national heroes in the historical development of the country
(https://www.deped.gov.ph/1995/02/06/do-6-s-1995-reiterating-the-implementation-of-
republic-act-no-1425/).”

Also, the Memorandum 247 of former President Fidel Ramos shared the same sentiments as it
states, “WHEREAS, Republic Act No. 1425 approved on June 12, 1956, directs all schools,
colleges and universities, public and private, to include in their curricula, courses on the life, works
and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo which
“are a constant and inspiring source of patriotism with which the minds of the youth, especially
during their formative and decisive years in school should be suffused. WHEREAS, according to
Dr. Rizal, “the school is the book in which is written the future of the nation;” WHEREAS, as we
prepare to celebrate these watershed events in our history, it is necessary to rekindle in the heart
of every Filipino, especially the youth, the same patriotic fervor that once galvanized our forebears
to outstanding achievements so we can move forward together toward a greater destiny as we enter
the 21st century (https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/section/memorandum-
orders/page/23/?tag=fidel-v-ramos%2F) .”

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C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Story of the RA 1425

-During that time, the Philippines was still a young republic,
having been granted its independence in 1946.
-The Philippines remained economically, politically, and socio-
“Rizal was the
culturally dependent to the United States (Parity Rights/Laurel- founder of Filipino
Langey Agreement of 1955, Bell Trade Act of 1947, US military nationality and the
bases. etc.) architect of the
-The economy was unstable, crimes were rampant, and
corruption persisted in the government. Filipino nation, there
-The Filipinos needed someone to emulate, a source of pride, and is a need to know and
motivation to progress. imbibe the great
-Senator Claro M. Recto filed a bill to promote nationalism and ideals and principles
patriotism among the youth.
-It was sponsored by the committee chaired by Jose P. Laurel. for which he died.”-
-The proposed law had to endure a strong opposition from the Jose P. Laurel
leadership of the Catholics Church and its supporters in Congress
and mass media.
-The opposition was so intense that Senator Laurel described it as unparalled in the history of the
Philippine legislature.
-The Senate Bill 438 was filed in the Committee on Education on April 3, 1956.
-It garnered support from the majority of the senators.
-Those who opposed the proposed law considered it as an attack to the Catholic Church because it
mandates the teaching of two controversial novels of Rizal, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
-The oppositors were Senator Francisco Rodrigo and Congressman Miguel Cuenco.
-There were also Catholic organizations that were vocal in opposing the bill like the Catholic Action
(Accion Catolico), Knights of Columbus, Congregation of the Mission, and Catholic Teachers Guild.
-The bone of contention was that mandatory teaching of Rizal’s novels would harm the Catholic
sensibility of the students (Fr. Jesus Cavanna, Jesus Paredes, Senator Francisco Rodrigo, and Cardinal
Rufino Santos).
-The bill gained support from the Veteranos De La Revolucion Filipina, Alagad ni Rizal, Knights of the
Grand Order of Rizal, and the Freemasons, Manila Mayor Arsenio Lacson).
-Fr. Horacio De la Costa supported the bill, saying that the Church committed mistakes as exposed by
Rizal in his novel but added that these mistakes were committed by priests and not by the institution.
-A substitute bill was filed by Jose P. Laurel integrating the suggestions of Senators Roseller Lim and
Emmanuel Pelaez.
-Known as the compromise bill, the substitute bill allows students to apply for exemption in reading
the works of Rizal but not from taking the course.
-RA 1425 or the Rizal law was approved on June 12, 1956.

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Objectives of the RA 1425 Patriotic Goals Set by the Board of National Education in
Teaching the Life, Works, and Writings of Rizal
-To redirect the lives of the youth
to the ideals of which our heroes -To recognize the relevance of Rizal’s ideals, thoughts,
freedom and nationalism, for teachings, and life values to present conditions in the
which our heroes lived and died. community.

-To pay tribute to our national -To apply Rizal’s ideals in the solution of day to day situations
hero for devoting his life and and problems in the contemporary life.
works in shaping the Filipino
character. -To develop an understanding and appreciation of the qualities,
behavior and character of Rizal.
-To gain an inspiring source of
patriotism thru the study of -To foster the development of moral character, personal
Rizal’s life, works, and writings. discipline, citizenship and vocational efficiency among the
Filipino youth.

Interview one student who had taken the course and ask which among the objectives/goals
are being met/realized.
CODE=M2ACT2

Please watch this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03G1UmDVLKs

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425

AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES
AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL,
PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO, AUTHORIZING THE
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

WHEREAS, today, more than any other period of our history, there is a need for a re-dedication to the
ideals of freedom and nationalism for which our heroes lived and died;

WHEREAS, it is meet that in honoring them, particularly the national hero and patriot, Jose Rizal, we
remember with special fondness and devotion their lives and works that have shaped the national
character;

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C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

WHEREAS, the life, works and writing of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, are a constant and inspiring source of patriotism with which the minds of the youth,
especially during their formative and decisive years in school, should be suffused;

WHEREAS, all educational institutions are under the supervision of, and subject to regulation by the
State, and all schools are enjoined to develop moral character, personal discipline, civic conscience
and to teach the duties of citizenship; Now, therefore,

SECTION 1. Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novel Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and
universities, public or private: Provided, That in the collegiate courses, the original or unexpurgated
editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as
basic texts. The Board of National Education is hereby authorized and directed to adopt forthwith
measures to implement and carry out the provisions of this Section, including the writing and
printing of appropriate primers, readers and textbooks. The Board shall, within sixty (60) days from
the affectivity of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations, including those of a disciplinary nature,
to carry out and enforce the provisions of this Act. The Board shall promulgate rules and regulations
providing for the exemption of students for reasons of religious belief stated in a sworn written
statement, from the requirement of the provision contained in the second part of the first paragraph
of this section; but not from taking the course provided for in the first part of said paragraph. Said
rules and regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days after their publication in the Official Gazette.

SECTION 2. It shall be obligatory on all schools, colleges and universities to keep in their libraries an
adequate number of copies of the original and unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El
Filibusterismo, as well as of Rizal’s other works and biography. The said unexpurgated editions of
the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their translations in English as well as other writings of
Rizal shall be included in the list of approved books for required reading in all public or private
schools, colleges and universities. The Board of National Education shall determine the adequacy of
the number of books, depending upon the enrollment of the school, college or university.

SECTION 3. The Board of National Education shall cause the translation of the Noli Me Tangere and
El Filibusterismo, as well as other writings of Jose Rizal into English, Tagalog and the principal
Philippine dialects; cause them to be printed in cheap, popular editions; and cause them to be
distributed, free of charge, to persons desiring to read them, through the Purok organizations and
Barrio Councils throughout the country.

SECTION 4. Nothing in this Act shall be construed as amendment or repealing section nine hundred
twenty-seven of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the discussion of religious doctrines by public
school teachers and other person engaged in any public school.

SECTION 5. The sum of three hundred thousand pesos is hereby authorized to be appropriated out
of any fund not otherwise appropriated in the National Treasury to carry out the purposes of this Act.

SECTION 6. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

Approved: June 12, 1956/Published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 52, No. 6, p. 2971 in June
1956/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Review questions (M2ACT3):

_______________1. Which provision requires students in college to study the life, works, and writings of
Rizal?
_______________2. Which provision requires schools to have unexpurgated copies of the works of Rizal?
_______________3. Which provision provides that Rizal’s works should be translated to English and other
dialects of the Philippines and be published in cheap editions for distribution?
_______________4. Which provision stipulates that the discussion of Rizal’s ideals does not violate the
state’s prohibition regarding the discussion of religious beliefs in public school system and learning
institutions?
_______________5. Which provision allocates the sum of 300,000 pesos for the publication of Rizal’s
works in cheap and popular editions?

Other Laws and Memorandum Orders pertaining to Jose Rizal

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 229

AN ACT TO PROHIBIT COCKFIGHTING, HORSE RACING AND JAI-ALAI ON THE THIRTIETH DAY
OF DECEMBER OF EACH YEAR AND TO CREATE A COMMITTEE TO TAKE CHARGE OF THE
PROPER CELEBRATION OF RIZAL DAY IN EVERY MUNICIPALITY AND CHARTERED CITY, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES

SECTION 1. The existing laws and regulations to the contrary notwithstanding, cockfighting, horse
racing and jai-alai are hereby prohibited on the thirtieth day of December of each year, the date of
the martyrdom of our great hero, Jose Rizal.

SECTION 2. It shall be the official duty of the mayor of each municipality and chartered city to create
a committee to take charge of the proper observance of Rizal Day Celebration of each year, in which
he shall be the chairman, which shall be empowered to seek the assistance and cooperation of any
department, bureau, office, agency or instrumentality of the Government, and the local civic and
educational institutions. Among the ceremonies on Rizal Day shall be the raising of the Philippine flag
at half-mast in all vessels and public buildings.

SECTION 3. Any person who shall violate the provisions of this Act or permit or allow the violation
thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding two hundred pesos or by imprisonment not
exceeding six months, or both, at the discretion of the court. In case he is the mayor of a municipality
or a chartered city he shall suffer an additional punishment of suspension from his office for a period
of one month. In case of partnerships, corporations or associations, the criminal liability shall devolve
upon the president, director, or any other official responsible for the violation thereof.

SECTION 4. This Act shall take effect upon its approval.

Approved: June 9, 1948/Published in the Official Gazette, Vol. 44, No. 8, p. 2627 in August
1948/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT

OF THE PHILIPPINES

MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 247

ENJOINING PROVINCIAL GOVERNORS AND CITY AND MUNICIPAL MAYORS TO AID THE
NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION IN ITS FUNCTION TO IDENTIFY, DESIGNATE AND
APPROPRIATELY MARK HISTORIC PLACES IN THE PHILIPPINES.

Republic Act No. 4568, copy attached, creating the National Historical Commission, provides, among
other things, that it shall be the duty of the said Commission “to identify, designate and appropriately
mark historic places in the Philippines and to cause the construction or reconstruction and ;to
maintain and care for national monuments, shrines and historic markers that have been or may
hereafter be erected in pursuance of this Act; Provided, however, That the Commission shall enlist
the assistance of the public;”

To aid the NHC in this particular function, provincial governors and city and town mayors are hereby
enjoined to provide the Commission with a true copy of the texts or words in the markers placed on
the capitol, city hall or town hall buildings, if such markers exist; and, if none, for said officials to
suggest the texts for the historical markers on such buildings.

By authority of the President

(SGD.) RAFAEL M. SALAS

Executive Secretary

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Manila, March 24, 1969

CHED Memorandum No. 3, s. 1995

COMMISSION OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Office of the President of the Philippines

January 13, 1995

CHED MEMORANDUM
No. 3, s. 1995

To:
Head of State Colleges and Universities
Head of Private Schools, Colleges and Universities
Office of the President Memorandum Order No. 247

Re: Implementation of Republic Act No. 1425

Enclosed is a copy of Memorandum Order No. 247 dated December 26, from the Office of the
President of the Philippines entitled, "Directing Secretary of Education, Culture and Sports
and the CHAIRMAN OF COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION to fully implement the
Republic Act No. 1425 entitled "An Act to include in the curricula of all public and private
schools, colleges and universities, courses on the Life, Works and Writings of Jose Rizal,
particularly his novels, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and
distribution thereof and for other purposes" for guidance of all concerned.

Strict compliance therewith is requested.

(sgd) MONA D. VALISNO
Commissioner
Officer-in-Charge

American-Sponsored Law for Jose Rizal

1. Act No. 345- William Howard Taft following the recommendation of Trinidad Pardo de Tavera,
renamed the district of Morong into the Province of Rizal on June 11, 1901.

2. Act No. 345-On February 1, 1902, December 30 of each year was designated as Rizal Day.

3. Act No. 243- enacted on September 28, 1901, it granted the right to use public land in Luneta to
erect a statue of Jose Rizal.

Who chose Rizal the national hero of the Philippines? Is Rizal an American-made hero? Take
note of the different views of renowned Filipino historians regarding this issue.
CODE=M2ACT4

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Required readings:
1. https://www.manilatimes.net/2019/07/20/opinion/columnists/did-the-americans-make-
rizal-a-hero/586664/
2. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/120015/rizal-%E2%80%98amboy%E2%80%99-or-home-
made-hero
3. https://simarkusmarkokoypo.tumblr.com/post/15023830392/rizal-our-national-hero-or-
american-hero

Please watch this video:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPhxmPGrdUE

Assignment (CODE=M2ASS1)
Reflection journal (you may want to include in your reflection answer to this question: What makes
a person a hero?)

Evaluation (CODE=M2EVAL1)

1. Directions: Write a short description of each section of the R.A 1425 after expressing
artistically the contents of the law.

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C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

2. Explain briefly the relationship between Rizal Law and the quote from Claro M. Recto.

Source: https://withonespast.com/2017/11/10/cias-cross-hairs-then-recto-now-duterte/

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C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

3. Think of at most three words that sum up the historical situation during the 1950s and Claro M. Recto’s struggles
on the enactment process. Explain the reasons for your choice of words.

1.) Historical Situation during the 1950s

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2.) Claro M. Recto’s struggles on the enactment process

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
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A. References

Books:
De Viana, A.V. (2019). Laong Laan. A guide for the study and understanding of life and contributions
of Jose Rizal to the Philippine nationhood and society. Books Atbp.Publishing Corp.
Solmerano, E.T., Palencia, M.M., Ondevilla, M.K. & Galicia, R.D (2017). Reading Rizal. A literary
approach on the study of the life and works of Dr. Jose Rizal. Fastbooks Educational Supply, Inc.
Zaide, G.F & Zaide, S.M. (1994). Jose Rizal: Life, works, and writings of a genius, writer, scientist, and
national hero. All Nations Publishing Co., Inc.

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 SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
C-GEC9 LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL
First Semester | AY 2020-2021

Online sources:
https://www.deped.gov.ph/1995/02/06/do-6-s-1995-reiterating-the-implementation-of-republic-
act-no-1425/
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/section/memorandum-orders/page/23/?tag=fidel-v-
ramos%2F
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph
https://www.manilatimes.net/2019/07/20/opinion/columnists/did-the-americans-make-rizal-a-
hero/586664/
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/120015/rizal-%E2%80%98amboy%E2%80%99-or-home-made-
hero
https://simarkusmarkokoypo.tumblr.com/post/15023830392/rizal-our-national-hero-or-
american-hero

Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03G1UmDVLKs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPhxmPGrdUE

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