Scribd
Upload
78 views

" A Puzzle A Day To Learn, Code, and Play " Visit: Description Example

Classes provide a blueprint for creating object instances that encapsulate both data and functionality. An instance is a concrete implementation of a class with fixed attribute values. The self argument specifies the instance being accessed or modified by a method. Classes can be created dynamically to logically group complex data types.

Uploaded by

SparshJain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
78 views

" A Puzzle A Day To Learn, Code, and Play " Visit: Description Example

Classes provide a blueprint for creating object instances that encapsulate both data and functionality. An instance is a concrete implementation of a class with fixed attribute values. The self argument specifies the instance being accessed or modified by a method. Classes can be created dynamically to logically group complex data types.

Uploaded by

SparshJain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

Python Cheat Sheet - Classes 

“​A puzzle a day to learn, code, and play​” → Visit ​finxter.com 

  Description  Example 

Classes  A class encapsulates data and functionality - data as  class​ ​Dog​:
attributes, and functionality as methods. It is a blueprint  """ Blueprint of a dog """
to create concrete instances in the memory.  
# class variable shared by all instances
species = [​"canis lupus"​]

def​ ​__init__​(self, name, color)​:


self.name = name
self.state = ​"sleeping"
self.color = color

def​ ​command​(self, x)​:


if​ x == self.name:
self.bark(​2​)
elif​ x == ​"sit"​:
Instance  You are an instance of the class human. An instance is a  self.state = ​"sit"
concrete implementation of a class: all attributes of an  else​:
instance have a fixed value. Your hair is blond, brown, or  self.state = ​"wag tail"
black - but never unspecified. 
  def​ ​bark​(self, freq)​:
Each instance has its own attributes independent of  for​ i ​in​ range(freq):
other instances. Yet, class variables are different. These  print(​"["​ + self.name
are data values associated with the class, not the  + ​"]: Woof!"​)
instances. Hence, all instance share the same class 
variable ​species ​in the example. 
​ black"​)
bello = Dog(​"bello"​, "
Self  The first argument when defining any method is always  alice = Dog(​"alice"​, "​ white"​)
the ​self ​argument. This argument specifies the 
​ black
print(bello.color) #
instance on which you call the method. 
  print(alice.color) #​ white
self ​gives the Python interpreter the information about 
the concrete instance. To ​define ​a method, you use s ​ elf bello.bark(​1​) ​# [bello]: Woof!
to modify the instance attributes. But to ​call ​an instance 
method, you do not need to specify ​self​.  alice.command(​"sit"​)
print(​"[alice]: "​ + alice.state)
Creation  You can create classes “on the fly” and use them as  # [alice]: sit
logical units to store complex data types. 
  bello.command(​"no"​)
class​ ​Employee()​: print(​"[bello]: "​ + bello.state)
pass # [bello]: wag tail
employee = Employee()
employee.salary = ​122000 alice.command(​"alice"​)
employee.firstname = ​"alice" # [alice]: Woof!
employee.lastname = ​"wonderland" # [alice]: Woof!

print(employee.firstname + ​" " bello.species += [​"wulf"​]


+ employee.lastname + ​" " print(len(bello.species)
+ str(employee.salary) + ​"$"​) == len(alice.species)) ​# True (!)
# alice wonderland 122000$ 

You might also like