WhenChangi

ngBat
ter
ies,Pl
easeChangewi
thi
n1HourorPr
ogr
ammi
ngwi
l
lbeLost
.
WhenChangi
ngBat
ter
ies,Pl
easeChangewi
thi
n1HourorPr
ogr
ammi
ngwi
l
lbeLost
.
 Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

Apex Instruments, Inc.

Casio® Calculator
with
English and Metric
Isokinetic Calculations

204 Technology Park Lane

Fuquay-Varina, N.C. 27526
Tel: 919-557-7300 / Fax: 919-557-7110
Website: www.apexinst.com
Calculator Manual 4/07 Page 3
Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

Table of Contents
BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................................. 5
GENERAL OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS......................................................................................... 6
METHOD 5 PROGRAMS (M5ENG/M5METRIC) INSTRUCTIONS ................................................... 7
METHOD 4 PROGRAMS (M4ENG/M4METRIC) SUMMARY.......................................................... 10
SATURATION MOISTURE DETERMINATION (SATURENG/SATURMET) SUMMARY ................. 10
METHOD 2 PROGRAMS (M2ENG/M2METRIC) SUMMARY.......................................................... 10
METHOD 1 PROGRAMS (M1ENGCIR/M1METCIR) SUMMARY ................................................... 10
METHOD 5 METERING CONSOLE CALIBRATION USING CRITICAL ORIFICE (ORCALENG/
ORCALMET) SUMMARY............................................................................................................ 10

Page 4 Calculator Manual 4/07

 Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

BACKGROUND

The programmed isokinetic calculator serves as a replacement for the nomograph, or slide-rule calculator,
to calculate isokinetic conditions for EPA Method 5 and EPA Method 5-type sampling. The calculator is
developed to be accurate and simple to operate.
The calculator is loaded with six independent programs in either English or Metric Units:
ENGLISH UNIT PROGRAMS:
1. M5ENG – Method 5 English Units (Calculates K-Factor and/or Post-test Isokinetics)
2. M4ENG – Method 4 English Units (Calculates Percent Moisture)
3. SATURENG – Saturation Moisture English Units (Calculates Moisture at Saturation)
4. M2ENG – Method 2 English Units (Calculates Stack Gas Velocity and Flowrate)
5. M1ENGCIR – Method 1 English Units (Calculates Number and Location of Traverse Points)
6. ORCALENG – M5 Metering Console Calibration using Critical Orifice, English Units
METRIC UNIT PROGRAMS:
1. M5METRIC – Method 5 Metric Units (Calculates K-Factor and/or Post-test Isokinetics)
2. M4METRIC – Method 4 Metric Units (Calculates Percent Moisture)
3. SATURMET – Saturation Moisture Metric Units (Calculates Moisture at Saturation)
4. M2METRIC – Method 2 Metric Units (Calculates Stack Gas Velocity and Flowrate)
5. M1METCIR – Method 1 Metric Units (Calculates Number and Location of Traverse Points)
6. ORCALMET – M5 Metering Console Calibration using Critical Orifice, Metric Units

The user will be prompted for each input with appropriate units and if values with differing units are
entered, the calculations will NOT be correct.

Calculator Manual 4/07 Page 5

Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

GENERAL OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS

The following operation instructions are for the Casio Model CFX-9850G calculator with the Apex
Instruments Method 5 Isokinetic Calculations Programs.
1. Turn the calculator on by pressing the ‘AC/ON’ button. The “MAIN MENU” should appear. To
access this menu at other times, press the ‘MENU’ button on the calculator.
2. To access the programs from the “MAIN MENU”, either use the ‘up/down/left/right’ arrows to the
“PRGM” menu box and press the ‘EXE’ button on the calculator OR push the alpha character ‘B’
button on the calculator (also labeled as the ‘log’ button on the calculator).
3. The “Program List” screen should appear. English unit programs that appear are: “M5ENG”,
“M4ENG”, “SATURENG”, “M2ENG”, “M1ENGCIR”, and “ORCALENG”. Metric unit programs
that appear are: “M5METRIC”, “M4METRIC”, “SATURMET”, “M2METRIC”, “M1METCIR” and
“ORCALMET”. The program listed at the top of the screen will be highlighted. To access any of
these programs, highlight the program by using the ‘up/down’ arrow keys on the calculator and
then push the ‘EXE’ button or the ‘F1’ button on the calculator.
4. At this point the user is inside one of the programs. The first statement informs which program the
user has entered and prompts the user the press the ‘EXE’ button to continue. As a note, when
the “- Disp -” appears on the screen, press ‘EXE’ to continue.

Page 6 Calculator Manual 4/07

 Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

METHOD 5 PROGRAMS (M5ENG/M5METRIC) INSTRUCTIONS

The “M5ENG” and “M5METRIC” programs have two subroutines; “‘1’ K-FACTOR” subroutine
calculates the ideal nozzle size and then the K-Factor (based on the actual nozzle size), “‘2’ POST-
TEST ISOKINETICS” subroutine calculates the post-test isokinetic variation using the data from the
actual test run. The data for the “‘1’ K-FACTOR” subroutine is obtained by performing a preliminary
velocity/temperature/moisture traverse before the actual test.
1. The next step prompts which subroutine the user would like to enter. The subroutines are
described in the paragraph above. To select the subroutine, press the number ‘1’ or ‘2’ and then
press ‘EXE’. If you select the “‘1’ K-FACTOR” subroutine, continue on to instruction number 2. If
you select the “‘2’ POST-TEST ISOKINETICS” subroutine, skip to instruction number 19.
2. The user is now in the K-FACTOR subroutine. The user is prompted to enter the “DRY GAS
METER DELTA H@ (MM H20 / IN H20)”. This value is the orifice calibration factor provided from
the meter console calibration data reduction. Type the number and then press ‘EXE’.
3. The next two prompts ask the user to input the oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) content
that are used in the program to determine the molecular weight of the stack gas. This data can
be determined by performing an orsat, or similar, analysis per US EPA Method 3. If the exact
composition is unknown, the user can estimate the molecular weight using ambient conditions
(20.9% O2 and 0.0% CO2). When prompted, enter the value and press ‘EXE’.
4. At the “STACK TEMPERATURE (CELSIUS / FAHRENHEIT)” prompt, enter the value and then
press ‘EXE’.
5. At the “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (MM HG / IN HG)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
6. At the “STACK STATIC PRESSURE (MM H2O / IN H2O)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
7. At the “AVERAGE SQUAREROOT DELTA P (“ MM H2O / “IN H2O)” prompt, enter the value and
then press ‘EXE’. This value is obtained by averaging the square roots of each Delta P value.
In other words, take the square root of each value BEFORE averaging the values. The user
can have the calculator compute the average square root by keying in the following string at the
prompt: ( “x1+”x2+”x3+…+”xn)/n
8. At the “METER TEMPERATURE (CELSIUS / FAHRENHEIT)” prompt, enter the value and then press
‘EXE’.
9. At the “PITOT TUBE COEFFICIENT” (unitless) prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
10. At the “PERCENT MOISTURE” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
11. At the “SAMPLING RATE (USUALLY 21.21 LPM / 0.75 CFM)” prompt, enter the value and then press
‘EXE’.
12. The program calculates the ideal nozzle size for the stack gas conditions the user has entered.
Press ‘EXE’ to continue with the program.
13. At the “ACTUAL NOZZLE DIAMETER (MM / IN)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
14. The program calculates the K-FACTOR given the sampling conditions that the user has entered.

Calculator Manual 4/07 Page 7

Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

15. At the “ENTER THE NUMBER OF POINTS” prompt, enter the number of traverse points and
then press ‘EXE’. This loop calculates the Delta H for each point based on the Delta P and the
calculated K-Factor. If the user wants to end the program, enter the value of zero here.
16. At the “DELTA P (MM H20 / IN H2O)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
17. The program calculates the Delta H at each point given the Delta P and the calculated K-Factor.
18. This subroutine is complete and then user now has the information needed to perform a stack test.
The user can enter the program by repeating all of the above steps. To return to the program
press ‘EXE’, or to exit the program press ‘AC/ON’.
The following section calculates the post-test isokinetics and is continued from instruction number 1.
19. The user is now in the POST TEST ISOKINETICS subroutine. The user is prompted to enter the
“DRY GAS METER DELTA H@ (MM H2O / IN H2O). This value is the orifice calibration factor
provided from the meter console calibration data reduction. Type the number and then press
‘EXE’.
20. The next two prompts ask the user to input the oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) content
that are used in the program to determine the molecular weight of the stack gas. This data can
be determined by performing an orsat, or similar, analysis per US EPA Method 3. If the exact
composition is unknown, the user can estimate the molecular weight using ambient conditions
(20.9% O2 and 0.0% CO2). When prompted, enter the value and press ‘EXE’.
21. At the “STACK TEMPERATURE (CELSIUS / FAHRENHEIT)” prompt, enter the value and then
press ‘EXE’.
22. At the “BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (MM HG / IN HG)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
23. At the “STACK STATIC PRESSURE (MM H2O / IN H2O)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
24. At the “AVERAGE SQUAREROOT DELTA P ( “MM H2O / “IN H2O)” prompt, enter the value and
then press ‘EXE’. This value is obtained by averaging the square roots of each Delta P value.
In other words, take the square root of each value BEFORE averaging the values. The user
can have the calculator compute the average square root by keying in the following string at the
prompt: ( “x1+”x2+”x3+…+”xn)/n
25. At the “METER TEMPERATURE (CELSIUS / FAHRENHEIT)” prompt, enter the value and then
press ‘EXE’.
26. At the “PITOT TUBE COEFFICIENT” (unitless) prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
27. At the “ACTUAL NOZZLE DIAMETER (MM / IN) prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
28. At the “METER GAMMA (Y)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’. This value is provided
from the meter console calibration data reduction.
29. At the “AVERAGE DELTA H (MM H2O / IN H2O) prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
This value is the average Delta H from each point of the test run. This is NOT the DELTA H@
value (orifice calibration coefficient).
30. At the “METER VOLUME (CUBIC METERS / CUBIC FEET)” prompt, enter the value and then
press ‘EXE’.

Page 8 Calculator Manual 4/07

 Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

31. At the “SAMPLING TIME (MIN)” prompt, enter the value and then press ‘EXE’.
32. At the “VOLUME WATER COLLECTED (ML)” prompt enter the value and then press ‘EXE’. This
value is the total volume of water collected in the impingers during the test run. Since the density
of water is approximately 1gram/milliliter (g/ml), the total weight, in grams, of the water collected
during the test run may be substituted.
33. At the “PERCENT MOISTURE” prompt, press ‘EXE’.
34. At the “STACK GAS VELOCITY (MPS / FPS)” prompt, press ‘EXE’.
35. At the “RECTANGULAR OR CIRCULAR STACK” prompt, press ‘1’ if Circular or press ‘2’ if
Rectangular.
36. At the “STACK DIAMETER or STACK WIDTH/LENGTH (M / FT)” prompt, enter the value(s) and
then press ‘EXE’.
37. At the “VOLUMETRIC FLOWRATE” prompt, press ‘EXE’.
38. The program calculates the “ISOKINETIC VARIATION” given the sampling conditions that the user
has entered. The user can enter the program by repeating all of the above steps. To return to the
program press ‘EXE’, or to exit the program press ‘AC/ON’.

Calculator Manual 4/07 Page 9

Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

METHOD 4 PROGRAMS (M4ENG/M4METRIC) SUMMARY

The “M4ENG” and “M4METRIC” programs are subroutines of the Method 5 programs that calculate
the percent moisture in the stack gas. The stack gas is first extracted from the source and moisture is
removed and measured either gravimetrically or volumetrically. This program computes the percent
moisture based on the data collected during the sample extraction.

SATURATION MOISTURE DETERMINATION (SATURENG/SATURMET) SUMMARY

The “SATURENG” and “SATURMET” programs are stand-alone programs used to estimate the moisture
at saturation for a stack gas stream. This data is used to verify moisture determination from Method 4
and confirm existence/non-existence of entrained water in the gas stream.

METHOD 2 PROGRAMS (M2ENG/M2METRIC) SUMMARY

The “M2ENG” and “M2METRIC” programs are subroutines of the Method 5 programs that calculate
the stack gas velocity and flowrate for circular or rectangular stacks. The calculations are based on
measurements of the gas density and the velocity pressure using a Type-S pitot tube

METHOD 1 PROGRAMS (M1ENGCIR/M1METCIR) SUMMARY

The “M1ENGCIR” and “M1METCIR” programs are stand-alone programs to determine the required
number and location of traverse points for velocity and particulate sampling procedures. These programs
are only used for circular (not rectangular) stacks.

METHOD 5 METERING CONSOLE CALIBRATION USING CRITICAL ORIFICE (ORCA-

LENG/ORCALMET) SUMMARY

The “ORCALENG” and “ORCALMET” programs are stand-alone programs to field-verify calibrations of
Method 5 Metering Consoles using a calibrated, critical orifice. Using the data collected performing the
calibration check in Method 5 Section 7.2, this program calculates the meter correction factor (γ) and
Delta H@ for the metering console.

Page 10 Calculator Manual 4/07

 Apex Instruments, Inc. Casio ® Calculator for Isokinetic Calculations

NOTES:
________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Calculator Manual 4/07 Page 11