Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems

MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0

Effective from: 1 January 2017 VERIFIED

Sign. zm Date 27-01-2017

Document Focal Point: Patrick Little

Chief Process Engineer
PLI074

Approver: Kevin Kennelley

Head of Project Excellence
KKE035

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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REVISION HISTORY

Revision Date Notes

1.0 24/02/2016 1st Issue. Replaces DGL-1.17
2.0 01/12/2014 General Revision
3.0 30/11/2016 New template, revision

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 5
2 OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................... 5
3 SCOPE ......................................................................................................... 5
3.1 General .................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Existing Facilities ....................................................................................... 5
3.3 Dispensations ........................................................................................... 6

4 REFERENCES ................................................................................................ 6
4.1 Internal References ................................................................................... 6
4.2 External References ................................................................................... 6
4.2.1 Laws and Regulations ............................................................................. 7
4.2.2 Codes and Standards ............................................................................. 7
5 DRAINS SYSTEMS PHILOSOPHY ...................................................................... 7

6 SOURCES AND DESTINATION OF DRAIN SYSTEM FLUIDS ................................... 9

7 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .............................................................11

7.1 Closed Drains ...........................................................................................11
7.1.1 Piping and Collection Headers .................................................................11
7.1.2 Brownfield Modifications ........................................................................13
7.1.3 Line Sizing ...........................................................................................14
7.1.4 Instrument Drains.................................................................................14
7.1.5 Closed Drain Vessel...............................................................................15
7.1.6 Closed Drain Vessel Pumps ....................................................................16
7.2 Hazardous Open Drains .............................................................................17
7.2.1 Piping ..................................................................................................17
7.2.2 Line Sizing ...........................................................................................18
7.2.3 Liquid Seals .........................................................................................18
7.2.4 Hazardous Open Drains Tank .................................................................19
7.2.5 Hazardous Open Drains Pumps ...............................................................21
7.3 Non-Hazardous Open Drains ......................................................................21
7.3.1 Piping / Headers ...................................................................................21
7.3.2 Line Sizing ...........................................................................................21
7.3.3 Liquid Seals .........................................................................................21
7.3.4 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank ...........................................................22
7.3.5 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Pumps ........................................................23
7.3.6 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Caisson (Offshore) .......................................23
7.4 Common Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Drain Caisson (Offshore) ..................24

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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7.5 Drains Separator ......................................................................................24

7.6 Floor Drains .............................................................................................25
7.6.1 Offshore Facilities .................................................................................25
7.6.2 Onshore Facilities .................................................................................26
7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains ......................................................................26
7.7.1 Offshore Facilities .................................................................................26
7.7.2 Onshore Facilities .................................................................................27
7.8 Vertical Lines ...........................................................................................27
7.9 Helideck Drains ........................................................................................28
7.10 Domestic Drains .......................................................................................28
7.10.1 Offshore Facilities .................................................................................28
7.10.2 Onshore Facilities .................................................................................28
7.11 Chemicals ................................................................................................29
7.11.1 Offshore Facilities .................................................................................29
7.11.2 Onshore Facilities .................................................................................29
7.12 Laboratory Drain ......................................................................................30
7.13 Disposal to Sea (Offshore Facilities) ............................................................30
7.14 Sand and Solids .......................................................................................30
7.15 FPSOs / FPUs ...........................................................................................31
7.15.1 General ...............................................................................................31
7.15.2 Overall Drainage Philosophy ...................................................................31
7.15.3 Drains Piping ........................................................................................32
7.15.4 Slops Tanks .........................................................................................32
7.15.5 Bunding / Coaming ...............................................................................33
7.15.6 Deluge ................................................................................................33
7.15.7 Additional Requirements ........................................................................33
7.16 Additional Requirements for Onshore Facilities .............................................33
7.17 Normally Unmanned Installations (NUIs) .....................................................34

8 TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS ...........................................................36

8.1 Terms .....................................................................................................36
8.2 Abbreviations & Acronyms .........................................................................36

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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1 INTRODUCTION

This technical standard defines the Maersk Oil requirements for the design of drainage
systems for onshore and offshore production facilities.
This standard forms part of the overall Maersk Oil Technical Standards (MOTS).

The MOTS specify the following:

 Applicable codes and standards.
 Company requirements additional to applicable codes and standards.
Application of this technical standard shall be managed at the Technical Authority 2
(TA-2) level within the Business Units (BUs), i.e. waivers for deviations may be
approved at TA-2 level. The requirements in this technical standard are additional to the
requirements within the Maersk Oil Design Standard (MODES). MODES requirements
are managed at the TA-1 level within the Company, i.e. waivers for deviations may only
be approved at TA-1 level. Text which is relevant to the MODES has been repeated in
this technical standard for ease of use, but is shown in italics. Dispensations to
requirements in italics (i.e. MODES requirements) shall therefore be made at TA-1 level.

2 OBJECTIVE

The objective of this technical standard is to ensure a consistent design for drains
systems across all new and existing Company facilities with regards to safety, the
environment, operability and maintainability.

3 SCOPE

3.1 General

This technical standard shall apply to all new installations, and to modifications and
extensions to existing Company facilities, both onshore and offshore. The standard shall
apply during all project stages including, but not limited to, conceptual, FEED, detailed
design, procurement, construction and commissioning.

3.2 Existing Facilities

When applied to modifications and extensions to existing facilities, this standard shall
take priority over older and different standards applied to the existing facilities, to the
extent required to obtain safe and operable modifications.

However, this technical standard is not retroactive, although it may be used as a

reference point for performing an audit or gap analysis of existing facilities. When
significant deficiencies compared to industry practice and accepted safety levels, etc.,
are found on existing facilities, then the improvements shall comply with MOTS.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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3.3 Dispensations

Dispensations from this technical standard shall not be permitted unless prior written
approval is obtained from the relevant Technical Authority (TA), in compliance with
MOG-FP-GEN-STD-0206: “Technical Authority and Dispensation Standard”. Proposals
for dispensations shall be prepared only when:
 Significant cost savings may be obtained without compromising on Health,
Safety and Environment (HSE) and operability requirements.
 New experience shows that the requirements are not suitable for the design or
work being performed.
 Concepts or requirements specified are not possible or feasible to fulfil, e.g.
when modifying existing facilities.

4 REFERENCES
4.1 Internal References

Company Standards, Procedures and Guidelines

Document Name Document ID
1 Technical Authority and Dispensation Standard MOG-FP-GEN-STD-0206
2 MODES – Part 01 Safety Design MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2001
3 MODES – Part 02 Process and Utility Design MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002
4 MODES – Part 08 Accommodation Facilities Design MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2008
5 MOTS-02 Piping Design and Materials MOG-FP-PIP-STD-0002
6 MOTS-05 Pressure Vessels MOG-FP-MEC-STD-0005
7 MOTS-14 Materials Selection MOG-FP-MET-STD-0014
8 MOTS-42 Flare and Vent Systems, Relief and Blowdown MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0042
9 MOTS-44 Valving and Isolation MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0044
10 MOTS-45 Locked Open / Locked Closed Valves MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0045

4.2 External References

Regulations, Codes and Standards

All regulations, codes and standards referred to in this technical standard shall apply in
the latest edition, unless otherwise specified.
Appendix A lists any specific amendments to this standard, depending on Business Unit
(BU) geographical locations.

Codes and Standards listed in Section 4.2.2 and Company Standards, Procedures and
Guidelines listed in Section 4.1 shall only be those referred to in the main text. Only
primary references shall be listed.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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4.2.1 Laws and Regulations

If the country of installation has laws and regulations related to the scope of this
technical standard, then they shall be applied in addition to the requirements in this
technical standard. In case of conflict, the most stringent requirements shall apply.

4.2.2 Codes and Standards

Title Reference
1 Design and Installation of Piping Systems on Offshore ISO 13703
Production Platforms
(ISO version of API RP 14E)
2 Venting of Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks ISO 28300
(Identical to API STD 2000)
3 Offshore Helicopter Landing Areas, Guidance on Standards CAP 437

5 DRAINS SYSTEMS PHILOSOPHY

Drainage systems on onshore or offshore facilities shall provide a means for safely
removing residual process fluids, wash down fluids from equipment and piping, minor
leaks and spillages, deluge or rainwater. Drains sources include those resulting from
operational activities, preparation for maintenance, emergency situations or
environmental factors.

It is essential that the drains systems do not provide a route for migration of flammable
liquids or vapours between hazardous areas or into non-hazardous areas, therefore
drains systems are classified according to the their purpose/contents and are
segregated to eliminate cross-contamination.

The overall design of the drains system shall:

 Ensure compliance with current regulations and standards.
 Prevent hydrocarbon/chemical spillages overboard and outside designated
areas/collection trays.
 Prevent hazardous liquids collecting on module floors, due to risk of pool fires
and slip hazards.
 Permit recovery of hydrocarbons and chemicals from drained fluids prior to
disposal.
 Prevent spillages, gas and fire migration between modules via drains systems.
 Allow the safe disposal of clean water from rain/firewater deluge and drains
systems effluent.
 Ensure segregation exists between closed and open drains systems and between
hazardous and non-hazardous open drains systems.

Both onshore and offshore facilities shall incorporate the following segregated drains
systems, as a minimum:
 Closed Drains – for collection of liquid hydrocarbons, produced water or other
hazardous substances from equipment that normally operate at pressure.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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 Hazardous Open Drains – for collection of liquids from plated decks, drip
pans, tundishes or funnels and paved floor situated in hazardous areas.
 Non-Hazardous Open Drains – for collection of liquids from plated decks, drip
pans, tundishes or funnels and paved floor situated in non-hazardous areas.

Other drainage systems may be required for the segregated recovery of chemicals, such
as but not limited to, Amine, TEG, Heating/Cooling Medium, which may be both open
and/or closed systems.
Additionally, the facility design shall accommodate drainage of deluge water and
rainwater.

All drains shall be routed through a treatment system prior to disposal, with the
following exceptions:
 Drains from areas where water shall always be clean (e.g. roofs).
 Offshore drain overflows, installed for flowing rain and firewater deluge.

Materials requirements for the various different types of drain systems are contained
within MOG-FP-MET-STD-0014: “MOTS-14 Materials Selection”. Piping Specifications
and Material Data Sheets (MDS) for drains systems are contained within
MOG-FP-PIP-STD-0002: “MOTS-02 Piping Design and Materials”.

Additional requirements for the design of drains systems for onshore facilities are
outlined in Section 7.16 Additional Requirements for Onshore Facilities.

Further considerations for the design of FPSOs and FPUs drains systems are outlined in
Section 7.15 FPSOs / FPUs.

Further considerations for the design of Normally Unmanned Installations (NUIs) drains
systems are outlined in Section 7.17 Normally Unmanned Installations (NUIs).

As per MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”, A Drains

System Design Philosophy shall be produced during the Define and Execute stages for
all greenfield and major brownfield projects which impacts the drainage system. The
Drains Design Philosophy shall be endorsed by the BU Process TA-2 at each project
phase and shall address, as a minimum:
 Segregation requirements and interfaces between drain systems;
 Vapour communication prevention (e.g. liquid seal design);
 Final disposal route for the fluids from each drain system (e.g. tank or caisson
for water disposal);
 Line sizing design and criteria (including erosion prevention);
 Method of evaluation of the loads to the drain systems;
 Pig Launchers/ receiver connection to the drain system;
 Solid disposal;
 Atmospheric vent location and sizing.

The level of detail shall be adequate for the stage of the project (Define or Execute).

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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6 SOURCES AND DESTINATION OF DRAIN SYSTEM FLUIDS

Table 6-1 gives details of the most commonly encountered drain fluid sources, their
expected contents and the drains system that shall be used for their collection.

Table 6-1: Sources and Destination of Drains System Fluids

Source Contents Area Collection

System
Process equipment Live hydrocarbons, Hazardous Closed Drains
and piping and produced water
pressurised liquid
sampling
Drip pans under Hydrocarbons, wash Hazardous Hazardous Open
process equipment water Drains
and atmospheric
liquid sampling
Process Live hydrocarbons, Hazardous Closed Drains,
instrumentation produced water Hazardous Open
Drains
Aviation fuel Aviation fuel, water Hazardous Hazardous Open
bund/drip pans Drains Note 2
Note 3
Diesel fuel bund/ Diesel fuel , water Non-hazardous Non-Hazardous
drip pans Open Drains Note 3
Note 1 Note 1
Production Rainwater Hazardous Hazardous Open
chemical storage Drains Note 1
tanks bund
Methanol storage Methanol Hazardous Dedicated system
tanks bund routed overboard
in offshore
installations
Note 2
Lube oil/seal Synthetic oil Hazardous Hazardous Open
oil/hydraulic oil Drains Note 2
Equipment (non- Potable water, Non-hazardous Non-Hazardous
process) seawater Open Drains
Instrumentation Potable water, Non-hazardous Non-Hazardous
(non-process) seawater Open Drains
Helideck drains Rain water, spilled Non-hazardous Non-Hazardous
fuel Open Drains
provided that oil
is recovered
Deluge Drains Fire water Non-hazardous Non-hazardous /
+ hazardous Hazardous Open
Drains +
Overboard Note 4

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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Source Contents Area Collection

System
Roof and outside Rain water Non-hazardous Non-hazardous
deck drains (oil Open Drains +
free areas only) Overboard Note 4
Accommodation / Sewage Non-hazardous Dedicated system
Sewage drains via sewage
treatment to
overboard if
allowed by local
legislation Note 5.
Refer to local
legislation for
onshore facilities
Laboratory drains Chemicals/oil/water Hazardous or Hazardous or
(small volumes) Non-hazardous Non-hazardous
depending on the
area. Refer to
Section7.12
Laboratory Drain.

Notes:
1. Rainwater only shall be routed to Hazardous Open Drains. Chemical spillages within bund
area shall be decanted into tote tanks for onshore disposal. See Section 7.11 Chemicals
for further details.
2. Fluids may be routed to Non-Hazardous Open Drains if no Hazardous Drains are available
or they are located in a Non-Hazardous area. However this shall only be allowed if the
hydrocarbon recovered in the Non-Hazardous Open Drains system is pumped to the
Hazardous Open Drains system and vapour migration is prevented.
3. Diesel shall be routed to the Non-Hazardous Open Drains providing the flash point criteria
(flash point >60oC) are met. For hotter climates flash points may be required to be
substantially higher, therefore cognisance shall be taken of this.
4. Onshore systems need to be designed to cope with deluge and rain loads.
5. A system to dispose the sewage fluid shall be in place when overboard is not possible.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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7 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS

7.1 Closed Drains

Some process equipment may contain hydrocarbon fluids which, following
depressurisation, may still release significant volumes of hazardous vapour if discharged
via an open drain system. In these cases, drainage of fluids shall be hard-piped to a
dedicated closed drains system, to prevent the leakage of hazardous fluids to the
atmosphere.
Drainage of piping and equipment to the closed drains system shall be carried out
following shutdown, isolation of the equipment/system to be drained and de-
pressurisation of the process equipment to a maximum of 2 barg, in order to avoid gas
blowby and limit the liquid velocities in the drain pipes to prevent erosion.
MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

Exceptions to the above are listed in Section 7.1.1 Piping and Collection Headers and
Section 7.1.4 Instrument Drains. Isolation configurations are shown in
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0044: “MOTS-44 Valving and Isolation”.

Strict procedural control is essential to ensure vessels are depressurised before draining
and inadvertent opening of valves does not present a risk to the facility integrity,
personnel safety or lead to hydrocarbon release to the environment.

As required by MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002, Liquid pumped to the closed drains vessel from

the hazardous open drains system shall not be combined with closed drains vessel inlet
piping, i.e. a dedicated nozzle with a dip pipe/liquid seal shall be provided.

7.1.1 Piping and Collection Headers

Consideration shall be given to segregation of the closed drains system between areas
of the plant where there is the likelihood of draining liquids below 0°C (due to
depressurisation) and areas of the plant where liquids above 0°C will be drained. This
may avoid the possibility of water freezing in the drains headers leading to blockage.
The low temperature drains may be routed separately to the Closed Drains Vessel if a
heater is provided or, alternatively, to the HP flare drum as this will be designed to
handle low temperature liquids. Alternatively, insulation and/or heat tracing of lines
draining liquids below 0°C shall be considered where this can be proven to prevent ice
formation and drain blockage.
Fluids routed to the Closed Drains System without depressurisation of the equipment
shall be avoided, with the following exceptions:
 Low volume systems, which are drained intermittently such as compressor
casing drains and fuel gas filters.
 Pressurised liquid sampling.
 Instrument drains (Refer to Section 7.1.4 Instrument Drains).
In these circumstances draining has to be carried out under strict procedural control.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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Fluid routed to the Closed Drains System continuously during operations shall be
avoided, with the following exception:
 Low liquid flows from system operating at low operating pressures (i.e. below
2 barg).
 Inflow from the Hazardous Open Drain System.

As required by MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”,

Closed drains piping, valves and fittings between process equipment and the drains
valves shall have at least the same design pressure and temperature rating as the
process equipment to which it is connected.

All piping in the closed drain system shall have at least the same design pressure as the
closed drains vessel, with no low points in the drains lines or headers.

In addition to the requirement detailed in MODES - Part 02 and reported above, closed
drains headers and sub-headers shall be fully rated to the design pressure of the
equipment they drain, to prevent over-pressurisation in the event of drains line
blockage. Headers shall be segregated based on the piping rating.

Figure 7-1 shows the minimum closed drains system design that shall be adhered to.

Figure 7-1 Fully Rated Closed Drain Collection Headers

Each collection header shall be routed to a dedicated nozzle on the Closed Drains Vessel
with provision to install positive isolation on each nozzle of the Closed Drain Vessel for
vessel entry requirements.

The closed drains system (piping and vessel, including vapour outlet) shall be verified
for the pressures, flowrates and temperatures experienced during maloperation of the
drain valves and gas blowby. The verification shall include confirmation that acoustically
induced vibration (AIV) during a gas blowby event does not pose integrity issues.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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All the drain lines shall be provided with a locked closed valve. Refer to
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0045: “MOTS-45 Locked Open/Locked Closed Valves”. Provision for
positive isolation shall be included in the design but positive isolation shall not be
installed during normal operations as the system is designed for valve maloperation and
gas blowby. However when, for volumetric reasons, there is a risk of overflowing the
Closed Drain Vessel following inadvertent draining from normal operating conditions,
the system (e.g. flowline, vessel) containing the liquid shall be positively isolated from
the drain system. Refer to MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0044: “MOTS-44 Valving and Isolation”.

The use of globe valves to control the liquid flow during drainage may be included in the
design. The potential for blockage at the globe valve should also be considered when
selecting valve type. The use of the globe valves as part of the isolation configuration is
discussed in MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0044: “MOTS-44 Valving and Isolation”.

No other form of valve or positive isolation shall be permitted between the drain
assembly and the Closed Drain Vessel nozzle, where maloperation may result in line
blockage, with the exception of the positive isolation provision for vessel entry.
Connecting drain lines to the headers should be made with an angle of 45° to 60° in the
direction of flow to minimise the potential for blockage by maintaining fluid momentum
as it flows into the header.

Rodding-out facilities shall be provided on all headers and sub-headers and shall be
accessible. A purge connection shall be installed on each drain header adjacent to the
rodding-out point for purging and flushing.

As required by MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”,

Inflow to the Closed Drains Vessel from the open drains system shall not be combined
with closed drains vessel inlet piping, i.e. a dedicated nozzle with a dip pipe forming a
liquid seal shall be provided.

7.1.2 Brownfield Modifications

Brownfield modifications to existing facilities shall comply with this standard.

Where full compliance to this standard is not achievable (e.g. due to the interface with
an existing system), as a minimum, the drains not designed for inadvertent valve
operations and gas blowby shall be positively isolated, with the following exceptions:
 Instrument drains shall be provided with an interrelated lock system. Refer to
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0045: “MOTS-45 Locked Open/Locked Closed Valves” for the
required configuration.
 Lines to closed drains from pig launchers/receivers where the frequency of
pigging is equal to or greater than once a month. In this situation as a minimum
an interrelated lock system shall be provided to ensure correct operation of the
drain valves. Formal and documented BU Process TA-2 approval is required in
this situation.
Where credit is taken for heat tracing to prevent blockage in drain system and potential
loss containment, the heat tracing shall be identified as a Safety Critical Element (SCE).

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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7.1.3 Line Sizing

Line sizing of drain lines and drain headers shall be in accordance with ISO 13703:
“Design and Installation of Piping Systems on Offshore Production Platforms” with
consideration for intermittent service and potential erosion from solid particles.
Calculation shall prove that the drain lines are not subject to erosion while draining with
the system depressurised to 2 barg or the system at its operating pressure, whichever
is the lower.
The closed drain lines shall be free draining with no pockets and shall be sized for flow
by gravity forces rather than pressure difference. A minimum slope of 1:100 shall be
used for fixed installations, with the slope down to the drains vessel. The slope of the
drains system shall also accommodate for installation tolerances in addition to the
minimum slope requirements (e.g. effect of bridge sag shall be catered for where piping
is routed on bridges). Section 7.15 FPSOs / FPUs / FSO details minimum slope
requirements for floating facilities.

The individual connections from vessel and piping sections shall be sized to allow a
reasonable time for the equipment to drain. For large vessels (typically from their low
level trip to empty), this time is approximately 1 hour.

Piping from the equipment to the drains header shall be designed to accommodate
flooded flow, while sizing calculations for headers shall be based upon the liquid hold up
within the drains line being less than 75% during draining operations.
Where there is a risk of deposits in bends or restrictions in drain lines during draining, a
minimum flow velocity of 0.75 m/s shall be used to size the line.
In order to minimise the potential for emulsification of draining fluids, the maximum
recommended velocity in drain lines shall be 3.0 m/s, with the velocity being reduced
prior to entering the drains vessel.

Drain headers and sub-headers shall be a minimum of 3” NB. Minimum connection sizes
to the drains system are shown in MOG-FP-PIP-STD-0002: “MOTS-02 Piping Design and
Materials”.

7.1.4 Instrument Drains

Instrument drains shall be hard piped to the Closed Drains System for the following
reasons:
 Instrumentation in hydrocarbon service that requires regular draining.
 Toxic Service, as defined in MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2001: “MODES Part 01 – Safety
Design”.

These instrument drains shall be designed for inadvertent valve operations and gas
blowby.

For isolation requirements refer to MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0044: “MOTS-44 Valving and

Isolation”.

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disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 15 of 37

7.1.5 Closed Drain Vessel

The closed drains streams shall be discharged into a dedicated Closed Drains Vessel.
The Closed Drains Vessel shall be located in a process area and should be at the lowest
point of the facility.

The design of the Closed Drains Vessel shall comply with the requirements of
MOG-FP-MEC-STD-0005: “MOTS-05 Pressure Vessels”.

As stated in MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”,

Liquid pumped to the closed drains vessel from the Hazardous Open Drains system shall
not be combined with closed drains vessel inlet piping, i.e. a dedicated nozzle with a dip
pipe/liquid seal shall be provided. In addition a reliable back flow prevention system
shall be employed.

Dip pipes shall have provision made for anti-siphoning of the fluids from the Closed
Drains Vessel.

The routing of oxygenated water into the process from the closed drains drum shall be
avoided by separating hydrocarbon liquids from water within the hazardous open
drains.

For manned facilities, vapour from the Closed Drains Vessel shall be routed to the LP
flare header. If the facility does not have a flare system, e.g. on an unmanned or
wellhead facility, the closed drain vessel vapour may be routed via a cold vent to a safe
location, if local regulations allow. Further details on cold vent requirements are
detailed in MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0042: “MOTS-42 Flare and Vent Systems, Relief and
Blowdown”. For Normally Unmanned Facilities refer to Section 7.17.
For all instances, appropriate consideration shall be given to the executive action
required on high liquid level in the Closed Drains Vessel, e.g. full facility shutdown
(Level 3 PSD) on high liquid level to minimise the potential for liquid release to the
environment via the cold vent or LP Flare in the event of an overflow.

Consideration shall also be given to the location of the tie-in of the Closed Drain Vessel
vapour line to either the LP Flare header or to a dedicated nozzle on the LP Flare Drum.
This is to minimise the potential for flooding of the LP Flare header. In addition, the
LP Flare Drum level instrumentation may provide back-up for failure of the
Closed Drains Vessel’s level instrumentation with such a design.

The purge rate of the flare system into which the Closed Drains Vessel discharges shall
take into account the maximum pump-out rate of the vessel.

The Closed Drains Vessel shall have the same design pressure of the gas disposal route
(e.g. LP flare drum) as a minimum. The specification of the design pressure shall be
based on consideration of the maximum back pressure from gas blowby cases and shall
be a minimum of 3.5 barg.

The Closed Drains Vessel shall be sized to accept drained fluids from the largest vessel
on the facility, plus an allowance for any liquids continuously routed to the drains
system. The liquid volume to be designed for shall be a minimum of the volume present
in that vessel at the low low level ESD trip setting. However, all other realistic drainage
scenarios or requirements shall be reviewed and considered, to ensure a larger volume

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 16 of 37

is not required. Note that for planned maintenance, vessels shall be operated and
run-down to their low low level trip point, prior to shutdown, depressurisation and drain
down, to avoid excessive volumes of fluids being routed to the closed drains system.
The Closed Drains Vessel shall be designed with sufficient volume to permit vapour
disengagement. This shall be demonstrated by appropriate calculation methods /
modelling.

If the liquid within the vessel can solidify or freeze then a heater shall be provided
within the vessel. In this case, external heat tracing shall be provided to the piping
upstream and downstream of the pumps.

Liquid from the Closed Drain Vessel shall be pumped out under level control to the final
stage separator (either directly or following treatment of the fluids in the Drains
Separator, refer to Section 7.5 Drains Separator). The low operating pressure of the
final stage separator minimises the potential for backflow. Inlet to the final stage
separator is an ideal location to route the closed drains pump discharge, as it is a large
vessel receiving substantial volumes of process fluids, where there will be minimum
impact on the temperature and composition of the main process stream. A reliable back
flow prevention system shall be employed.

If routing to the final stage separator is impractical, alternative routings to either the HP
or LP flare drums may be considered, however, consideration shall be given to the
design and operating pressures and temperatures of any alternative routing. Freezing of
closed drains fluids when entering a cold HP flare drum shall be avoided by the correct
segregation of cold and wet fluids. Where the Closed Drains Vessel fluids are pumped to
either HP or LP flare drums, the vessel entry shall be by a dedicated nozzle on the flare
drum, suitably located to avoid re-entrainment of liquid droplets in the vapour stream
to the flare stack. Side or bottom entry of such a line to the flare drum should be
considered.

7.1.6 Closed Drain Vessel Pumps

2x100% pumps, in a duty/standby arrangement, shall be installed with upstream

strainers to ensure no debris enters the pump, as Closed Drains Vessels typically
receive residue containing particles from the process.

Air driven pumps shall not be used for Closed Drain Vessel pump duties, due to their
reliance on the utility systems (plant air), i.e. loss of plant air would result in loss of
pump operation, which is unacceptable during normal operations.
The selection of pump type shall consider the full range of fluids which may be drained,
with particular attention being made to the net positive suction head and potential for
solids handling.

The closed drains pumps shall be sized based on a maximum pump out time of 1 hour
following cessation of any non-continuous inflow to the vessel, e.g. vessel draining
operations. For the case where liquids from other systems are routed to the closed
drains vessel on a continuous basis, then the rated flowrate of the closed drains pumps
shall take account of this increased flow within the 1 hour pump-out sizing criteria.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 17 of 37

The pump discharge piping shall include a valved and blanked off connection to allow
the contents of the Closed Drains Vessel to be pumped (e.g. portable air driven pump)
to an alternative portable tank/drum for transport prior to disposal, should the contents
of the Closed Drains Vessel be found unsuitable for re-routing to the main process.

7.2 Hazardous Open Drains

As stated in MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”:

The Hazardous Open Drains system provides drainage from hazardous areas of the
facility and will typically handle fluids collected from plated decks, drip pans and
tundishes or funnels.

Hazardous Open Drains shall be completely segregated from all other open or closed
drain systems to eliminate the possibility of hydrocarbon vapour transmission through
the drains to the non-hazardous area, with the following exceptions:
 Hydrocarbon recovered from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank (or caisson)
shall be pumped to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank, where shall not be
combined with Hazardous Open Drain inlet piping, i.e. a dedicated nozzle with a
dip pipe/liquid seal shall be provided.
 Hydrocarbon recovered from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be pumped
to the Closed Drains Vessel.

Refer to MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2001: “MODES - Part 01 Safety Design” for the definition of

hazardous areas.

As per MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES – Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

Prevention of vapour communication between process areas and fire zones through the
open drains system shall be achieved via a combination of:
 Multiple headers with dedicated nozzles and dip pipes into the Hazardous Open
Drain Tank;
 Liquid seals installed in drain lines before they enter the drain headers.

7.2.1 Piping

The number of bends and flow restrictions in all drains piping shall be minimised to
reduce the potential for blockages.

Rodding-out facilities shall be provided on all headers and sub-headers and shall be
accessible. Provision for flushing and purging facilities should be considered.

All drains piping and headers shall have adequate sloping of a minimum of 1:100
towards the drains tanks. The slope of the drains piping shall also accommodate for
installation tolerances in addition to the minimum slope requirement (e.g. effect of
bridge sag shall be catered for where piping is routed on bridges).

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 18 of 37

7.2.2 Line Sizing

Line sizing of drain lines and drain headers (excluding culvert onshore) shall be in
accordance with ISO 13703: “Design and Installation of Piping Systems on Offshore
Production Platforms” with consideration for intermittent service and potential erosion
from solid particles.
For offshore facilities, lines routed to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank need not cater
for deluge water, which shall be routed directly overboard via overflow lines installed in
drain boxes/gullies. Refer to Section 7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains.

For onshore facilities lines to the Hazardous Open Drain Tank shall also consider deluge
water.

Drain lines shall be sized for any foreseen draining scenarios in any particular area.
Typically, individual drain lines to the headers shall be sized for normal wash down
conditions from 1 wash down hose (typical capacity of approximately 10m³/hr). Drain
headers shall be sized for flow from 2 wash down hoses (typically 20m³/hr) plus normal
rainfall. In addition, for onshore facilities, line sizing shall consider deluge loads.
Vertical section of piping in the open drains shall be designed to be self-venting (refer
to Section 7.8 Vertical Lines).

Sloped/inclined horizontal headers shall be designed to be less than 50% full of liquid if
below 8” NB and less than 75% if above 8” NB. This design generally ensures that
vapour is not entrained in the liquid.
The drains header size shall be a minimum of 3” to minimise risk of blockage.

7.2.3 Liquid Seals

Liquid seals shall be a U-bend or seal pot and shall be provided to segregate Fire Zone
Areas. The selected design shall ensure that the seal is not prone to be emptied through
siphoning.

Provision shall be provided to allow for flushing/ solid removal.

An operational routine shall be in place to maintain the liquid level in the liquid seals.
Where it is possible that liquid seals in the traps will evaporate quickly, such as warmer
climates or warmer modules on a facility, a means of constantly maintaining the liquid
seal (e.g. permanent “trickle” flow of water, from a suitable source, into the open drains
to ensure liquid seals are maintained) should be investigated. For cold climates, heat
tracing shall be installed on the seals in order to avoid wax formation or the seal water
freezing. MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

Figure 7-2 shows a typical seal pot arrangement. Design shall ensure that the liquid
seal is maintained under all flow conditions. If an atmospheric vent is part of the design
of the seal pot, its location shall be to a safe area and shall be designed in compliance
with MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0042: “MOTS-42 Flare and Vent Systems, Relief and
Blowdown”. The actual seal height shall account for the maximum pressure differential
between connected areas.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 19 of 37

Figure 7-2 Typical Seal Pot Detail Connecting Areas with No Differential Pressure

7.2.4 Hazardous Open Drains Tank

The hazardous open drains stream shall be discharged into a dedicated Hazardous Open
Drains Tank. The Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be located in a process area at the
lowest point of the facility.

The Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be continuously purged with inert gas to prevent
oxygen ingress to the system. Purge rates shall take into account the maximum pump-
out rate of the vessel.

Venting of the tank shall be to an atmospheric vent routed to a safe location. The vent
shall be designed in compliance with MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0042: “MOTS-42 Flare and Vent
Systems, Relief and Blowdown”. The atmospheric vent shall be provided with a flame
arrestor. The flame arrestor shall be accessible and maintainable and means to ensure
integrity shall be provided (e.g. pressure alarm). The design shall ensure that the
atmospheric vent line does not cause excessive backpressures on the system, which
may potentially lead to over-pressurisation of the drains vessel.

The design of the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall comply with the requirements of
ISO 28300.
The hold-up volume of the tank shall be based on the largest maintenance drainage or
spillage volumes, in conjunction with liquid volumes due to heavy rain, excluding storm
conditions. Typical sizing may be based on deck wash down flowrate from two areas
(approximately 20m³/hr) plus heavy rain.

For offshore facilities the Hazardous Open Drains Tank is not required to cater for
deluge water (see Section 7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains). However, the flowrate of
deluge water into the Hazardous Open Drains tank in a deluge event shall be calculated,
with a suitably sized overflow routed to an appropriate disposal location, i.e. into the
Produced Water Caisson or a Hazardous Open Drains Caisson. The overflow line shall be
fitted with a dip leg such that only water is routed overboard in deluge situations and
shall be fitted with a siphon breaker.
For onshore facilities the volume of the tank shall also provide residence time for deluge
water (see Section 7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains). The tank shall be provided with
an overflow line fitted with a dip leg such that only water is routed to the disposal
location in an overflow scenario. The overflow line shall be fitted with a siphon breaker.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 20 of 37

Liquids entering the tank shall do so via a dip pipe, with the bulk fluids in the vessel
forming a liquid seal to prevent any reverse gas flow from tanks to drain headers. The
use of dip pipe minimises the risk of generation of static electricity through splashing of
low conductivity liquids.

Dip pipes shall have provision made for anti-siphoning of the fluids from the Hazardous
Open Drains Tank.

The Hazardous Open Drains tank shall act as a residual oil/water separator, even when
an additional Drain Separator is provided; see also Section 7.5 Drains Separator.

As defined in MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

Hydrocarbon recovered from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be pumped to the
Closed Drains Vessel.

Furthermore as per MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002, Liquid pumped to the closed drains vessel

from the hazardous open drains system shall not be combined with closed drains vessel
inlet piping, i.e. a dedicated nozzle with a dip pipe/liquid seal shall be provided. In
addition to the liquid seal a reliable back flow prevention system shall be employed.
Backflow prevention shall address the presence of high pressure in the Closed Drain
Vessel.

For offshore facilities, the water from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be
discharged overboard via the Produced Water Caisson or a Hazardous Open Drains
Caisson, either directly or following additional treatment, e.g. in a Drains Separator,
with the oil-in-water content meeting or exceeding the requirements of the platform
governing regulations. Lines entering the caisson shall terminate below sea level to
ensure a liquid seal, with the actual discharge depth taking into account the
Lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT), the deepest wave trough defined in the
Meteorological and Oceanographic (MetOcean) Report, wave attenuation in the caisson
and any local legislation/regulations.
For onshore facilities, the water from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be disposed
of as per local legislation following additional treatment if required.

Water from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall not be subject to further treatment
utilising the Produced Water System. This allows produced water, seawater and/or
aquifer water (from wash downs) and rainwater to mix, with the combined fluid
properties being detrimental to the Produced Water system equipment and
performance, due to increased O2 content, increased scaling potential, etc.

An internal immersed heating element shall be installed in the Hazardous Open Drains
Tank if there is a risk of freezing in the tank.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 21 of 37

7.2.5 Hazardous Open Drains Pumps

The Hazardous Open Drains Pumps may be of a submersible type, located within the
recovered oil section of the Hazardous Open Drains Tank, or external to the vessel. A
positive displacement pump is recommended as this will also help prevent backflow.

The Hazardous Open Drains Pump, if not submersible, is, due to its service, located at
the lowest point of the platform (if offshore). The design shall ensure that the pump is
provided with accessible drip tray with a tie in to pump out liquid accumulated in the
drip tray, using a portable pump. The use of absorbent material is suggested to collect
small leakages.

The pump discharge piping shall include a valved and blanked off connection to allow
the contents of the tank to be pumped (e.g. portable air driven pump) to a portable
tank/drum for alternative disposal.

7.3 Non-Hazardous Open Drains

As per MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”, The

Non-Hazardous Open Drains shall provide drainage from non-hazardous areas of the
facility and will typically handle fluids collected from plated decks, drip pans and
tundishes or funnels. Non-hazardous Open Drains shall be completely segregated from
all other open or closed drain systems, including accommodation drainage and
discharge caissons, to eliminate the possibility of hydrocarbon vapour transmission
through the drains from other areas to the non-hazardous area. With the only permitted
exception as follows:
 Hydrocarbons that are recovered from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank (or
caisson) shall be pumped to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank, where recovered
oil is then pumped to the Closed Drains Vessel. Furthermore, a reliable back flow
prevention system shall be employed which, in addition to a non-return valve,
shall consist of a further barrier, such as an actuated valve tied into the pump
start/stop logic.
Refer to MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2001: “MODES - Part 01 Safety Design” for the definition of
non-hazardous areas.

7.3.1 Piping / Headers

Refer to Section 7.2.1 Piping, which applies equally to the Non-Hazardous Open Drains.

7.3.2 Line Sizing

Refer to Section 7.2.2 Line Sizing, which applies equally to the Non-Hazardous Open
Drains.

7.3.3 Liquid Seals

In order to prevent possible vapour communication between areas through the open
drains system, liquid seals shall be installed in drain lines before they enter the drain
headers if required by fire zone considerations. Seal design shall take account of the

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 22 of 37

maximum pressure differences anticipated between modules/areas (e.g. HVAC effects).

An operational routine shall be in place to maintain the liquid level in the liquid seals.
Where it is possible that liquid seals in the traps will evaporate quickly, such as warmer
climates or warmer modules on a facility, a means of constantly maintaining the liquid
seal (e.g. permanent “trickle” flow of water, from a suitable source, into the open drains
to ensure liquid seals are maintained) should be investigated. For cold climates, heat
tracing shall be installed on the seals in order to avoid wax formation or the seal water
freezing. MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”:

The selected liquid seal design shall ensure that the seal is not prone to be emptied
through siphoning.

The actual seal height shall account for the maximum pressure differential between
connected areas.

Refer to Section 7.2.3 Liquid Seals for a typical seal pot design.

7.3.4 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank

For offshore facilities, the Non-Hazardous Open Drains fluids shall discharge into a
dedicated Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank located at the lowest point of the facility or
Non-Hazardous Open Drains Caisson; see Section 7.3.6 Non-Hazardous Open Drains
Caisson. The choice between discharge to a tank or caisson shall be based on, but not
limited to, the following criteria:
 Local regulations.
 The largest drainage volume requirement.
 Ease of achieving low point drainage.
 The amount of solids perceived in the drains fluids.
 Access.
 Maintainability.
 Cost.

For onshore facilities, monitoring of the quality of the collected fluids and separation of
oil from the drain fluids may be carried out by a lagoon or a pit. The requirement to
have a tank / pit / lagoon prior to disposal to public water and the required
specifications (e.g. residence time) shall be compliant with local legislation.

The design of the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank, shall comply with the requirements
of ISO 28300.

Liquids entering the tank shall do so via a dip pipe with the bulk fluids in the vessel
forming a liquid seal in the vessel to prevent any reverse gas flow from the tank to the
Non-Hazardous Open Drain Headers. The use of dip pipe minimises also the risk of
generation of static electricity through splashing of liquid and is particularly important
for low conductivity medium. Dip pipes shall have provision made for anti-siphoning of
the fluids from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank.
The Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be designed to handle the maximum wash
down flowrate of an area or peak rainfall.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 23 of 37

For offshore facilities, the drains tank need not cater for deluge water; see Section 7.7
Firewater and Deluge Drains. However, the flowrate of deluge water into the
Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank in a deluge event shall be calculated, with a suitably
sized overflow routed to an appropriate disposal location, i.e. into the Non-Hazardous
Open Drains Caisson. The overflow line shall be fitted with a siphon breaker.
For onshore facilities the volume of the tank shall also provide residence time for deluge
water (see Section 7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains). The overflow line shall be fitted
with a dip leg such that only water is routed to a suitable disposal location in deluge
situations and shall be fitted with a siphon breaker.

An internal immersed heating element shall be installed, if there is a risk of freezing in

the tank.

Venting of the tank shall be to a safe location where no flame arrestor is generally
required; however, a bird screen shall be installed. The design shall ensure that the
vent line does not cause excessive backpressures on the system which could potentially
lead to over-pressurisation of the tank.
For offshore facilities, where a tank is utilised, the water shall be discharged overboard
via the Non Hazardous Open Drains Caisson (or common caisson, refer to Section 7.4
Common Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Drain Caisson (Offshore)) with the oil content
meeting that required by the facility governing regulations. Refer to Section 7.3.6 Non-
Hazardous Open Drains Caisson.
For onshore facilities, the water from the Hazardous Open Drains Tank shall be disposed
of as per local legislation following additional treatment if required.
Hydrocarbons recovered from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank (or caisson) shall
be routed to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank, where recovered oil is then pumped to
the Closed Drain Vessel. Furthermore, a reliable back flow prevention system shall be
employed which, in addition to a non-return valve, shall consist of a further barrier,
such as an actuated valve tied into the pump start/stop logic. MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002:
“MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

As a specific case of the routing described above, for offshore facilities consisting of
different platforms, the hydrocarbon recovered from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains
Tank (or caisson) on an accommodation/utility platform shall be routed to the
Non-Hazardous Open Drain Tank of the main process platform.

7.3.5 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Pumps

The Non-Hazardous Open Drains Pumps may be submersible type, located within the
recovered oil section of the Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tank or Caisson, or external to
the vessel. A positive displacement pump is recommended as this will help prevent
backflow.

7.3.6 Non-Hazardous Open Drains Caisson (Offshore)

The Non-Hazardous Open Drains fluids may be collected in a caisson rather than a tank,
although the recommended method is through the use of a tank.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 24 of 37

Lines entering the caisson shall terminate below sea level to ensure a liquid seal, with
the actual discharge depth taking into account the LAT, the deepest wave trough
defined in the MetOcean Report, wave attenuation in the caisson and any local
legislation/regulations.

When the Non-Hazardous Open Drains is used in place of a collection tank, any residual
hydrocarbons collected in the caisson shall be recovered and pumped back to the
Hazardous Open Drains Tank; when the caisson is used in addition of a collection tank
(where oil is recovered), a way of monitoring the quality of the water disposed to the
caisson shall be implemented and provision for removal of oil should be considered
(e.g. portable pumps). Recovered hydrocarbon entering the Hazardous Open Drains
Tank shall do so via a dip pipe with the bulk fluids in the tank, forming a liquid seal to
prevent any reverse flow of gas flow. In addition a reliable back flow prevention system
shall be employed. Dip pipes shall have provision made for anti-siphoning of the fluids
unless it can be proven that there is no potential for siphoning.

As a specific case of the routing described above, for offshore facilities consisting of
different platforms, the hydrocarbon recovered from the Non-Hazardous Open Drains
Caisson on an accommodation/utility platform shall be routed to the Non-Hazardous
Open Drain Tank/Caisson of the main process platform.

7.4 Common Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Drain Caisson (Offshore)

The use of a common caisson receiving water from both the Hazardous and
Non-Hazardous drains may be acceptable, provided that both the Hazardous and
Non-Hazardous Drains fluids are previously collected in separated tanks, from where
the water lines are routed to the common caisson.

Separate inlet lines with their own dedicated dip pipes shall be used for water from the
Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Open Drains Tanks. Lines entering the caisson shall
terminate below sea level to ensure a liquid seal, with the actual discharge depth taking
into account the LAT, the deepest wave trough defined in the MetOcean Report, wave
attenuation in the caisson and any local legislation/regulations.

Reliable segregation between the systems shall be ensured if a common caisson is

provided.

7.5 Drains Separator

This separator is used in addition to the dedicated drains systems tank and vessel for
the additional recovery of hydrocarbons from the drains fluids. As an example, a
dedicated Drains Separator may be used to separate:
 Fluids collected in the Hazardous Open Drain Tank, when hydrocarbon is not
separated in the tank.
 Fluids collected in the Close Drain Vessel to prevent pumping of emulsion to the
process without further treatment and to allow bulk separation of water.

Fluids shall be pumped to the Drain Separator and inlet lines from the Hazardous Open
Drains Tank and Closed Drains Vessel shall be by separate dip pips to provide a liquid

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 25 of 37

seal to ensure no vapour backflow between the drains systems. In addition to the liquid
seal a reliable back flow prevention system shall be employed. Requirements for siphon
breakers shall be addressed in the design of the system.
Fluids from the Non-hazardous Open Drains Tank shall first be routed to the Hazardous
Open Drains Tank (i.e. no direct connection between the Non-Hazardous Open Drains
system and the Drains Separator shall be allowed).

Recovered hydrocarbon shall be pumped back into the main process as discussed in
Section 7.1 Closed Drains. However, if the Drains Separator receives fluids only from
the Hazardous Open Drain Tank, the recovered oil shall be pumped back to the
Close Drain Vessel, as discussed in Section 7.2 Hazardous Open Drains.

For offshore facilities, the water from the Drains Separator shall be discharged
overboard via the Produced Water caisson or the Hazardous Open Drains caisson. It
shall not be routed back into the Produced Water system for treatment, due to the
potential to contaminate the produced fluids with such as raw seawater. Water shall not
be routed to a Common Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Caisson. A sampling point shall
be installed to monitor the quality of the water. Refer to Section 7.13 Disposal to Sea
(Offshore Facilities) for additional information.

For onshore facilities the water from the Drain Separator shall be disposed of as per
local legislation. A sampling point shall be installed to monitor the quality of the water.

Due consideration shall be given to the effects of corrosion rates, scaling, etc., of the
drains separator, given that produced water, seawater and rainwater may be routed to
this vessel from all of the drains systems.
Appropriate consideration shall be given to the executive action required on high liquid
level in the Drain Separator to minimise the potential for liquid release to the
environment.

7.6 Floor Drains

7.6.1 Offshore Facilities

Where the risk of hydrocarbon spillage is expected to be negligible, grating shall be

used instead of solid plate flooring where practicable, hence rain and deluge water will
then be discharged directly overboard. This reduces the volumes of uncontaminated
water which may otherwise be collected and treated in the drains system. Selection of
grating versus solid plate flooring shall also be based on safety considerations (refer to
MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2001: “MODES - Part 01 Safety Design”) and maintenance
considerations.

Plated decks and floors shall be adequately sloped to promote drainage to gullies or
drain boxes, minimising spread of spills and minimise liquid pools.

Drain boxes shall be covered by grating which shall be flush with the plate floor.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

Printed versions of this document are uncontrolled, check GMS for latest version.
 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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Page 26 of 37

7.6.2 Onshore Facilities

On onshore facilities, infiltration of hydrocarbon into the soil shall be prevented through
the use of paved areas, with the collected fluids routed to the relevant open drain
system.

7.7 Firewater and Deluge Drains

7.7.1 Offshore Facilities

Where deluge systems or firewater monitors are installed for fire control, a direct
overflow of firewater into sea may be required to prevent excessive deck loading caused
by flooding of the drains system, which is not designed for the loads generated by
deluge water and fire monitors. Such overflow lines shall be sized to ensure that any
excess flow of deluge water to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank is minimised in a
deluge event.

Deluge water within modules shall be collected in open drains gullies/drain boxes with
overflow lines and discharged directly overboard via downcomers, which may serve
several deluge drain outlets provided that they are within the same Fire Zone Area.
Manifolding of the deluge drain lines shall be limited and shall be such that upstream
hazardous and non-hazardous area segregation is maintained together with segregation
between Fire Zones. The deluge drain lines discharge shall be to a safe location.
Seal legs will be required where the deluge drains originate in pressurised modules.
The capacity of the overflow lines shall reflect the water flow rate from the deluge
system covering that area.
Figure 7-3 shows a typical floor drain arrangement with an overflow fitted for firewater.
As shown in the schematics, the cap installed on the line provides an additional liquid
seal.

Figure 7-3 Typical Drain Box with Deluge Overflow

The drain outlet line, as shown in Figure 7-3, shall be located at a lower elevation
(typically 50 mm above the bottom of the drain box) and shall be sized as per
Section 7.2 Hazardous Open Drains or Section 7.3 Non-Hazardous Open Drains
whichever is relevant.

The deluge outlet drain line shall be located at a higher elevation (typically 150 mm
above the bottom of the drain box) and shall be sized for flooded operation, i.e. not
self-venting operation, which would result in a larger line size.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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The vertical section should be designed assuming 50% of the head is converted in
frictional losses.
Main deluge drain headers shall be designed to be self-venting. For near horizontal
pipes this generally implies designing with a liquid hold up of 50% for pipes up to 8”
and 75% above 8”. For vertical lines refer to Section 7.8 Vertical Lines.
The deluge drains shall be routed directly overboard and shall be fitted with a siphon
breaker.
The drain boxes design shall ensure that during a deluge event the decks are not
flooded due to the risk of spreading the flammable liquid on the deck (i.e. the design
liquid level during a deluge event within the drain box shall have a lower elevation than
the deck).

The number of drain boxes, together with the capacity, shall ensure that the decks are
not flooded during a deluge event.

7.7.2 Onshore Facilities

Fire water and deluge from paved area in onshore facilities shall be collected through
the relevant drain system (i.e. either Hazardous Drain System or Non-Hazardous Drain
System) where retention time and hydrocarbon recovery is provided as required by
local legislation.

7.8 Vertical Lines

All lines relying upon vertical gravity drainage and in conditions of non-flooded flow,
with or without submerged outlets, e.g. lines discharging into caissons, shall be
designed such that the Froude number (as defined in the equation below) is less than
0.3. This is to avoid vapour entrainment and ensure undisturbed liquid flow (self-
venting design).

The Froude number shall be calculated using the following equation:

where:
 V = velocity assuming full pipe , e.g. liquid superficial velocity (m/s)
 D = pipe inner diameter (m)
 g = gravitational constant (m/s2)

The design shall ensure that any liquid seal connected to the vertical line is not
siphoned during a partial drain event.
For brownfield modifications to open drains systems, the allowable value of the Froude
number may be increased to 0.7 provided that an atmospheric vent line is included at
the top of the vertical line to prevent vacuum and limit pulsations. The atmospheric
vent shall be routed to a safe location.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 28 of 37

7.9 Helideck Drains

The largest inventory of hazardous fluids associated with helicopter operations is

contained in the helifuel storage tanks. These shall be located remote from the helideck
and within a suitably bunded area to prevent the spread of any fuel spillage. The bund
shall be drained to the Hazardous Open Drains or if this is not practicable, due to the
location of the helideck, to the Non-Hazardous Open Drains provided that vapour
migration between the Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Open Drains is prevented and
liquid is then pumped to the Hazardous Open Drains. Drains for the helideck itself shall
be designed as per the requirements of MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2008: “MODES – Part 08:
Accommodation Facilities Design”.

The potential volume of any spill on the helideck will be less than that from the helifuel
storage tanks, so manual clean-up of the spill using absorbent pads is possible.

7.10 Domestic Drains

7.10.1 Offshore Facilities

The Domestic Drain system handles kitchen waste and sewage.

Domestic waste water and kitchen waste shall be routed to sea via a macerator as a
minimum offshore. Sewage from offshore accommodation shall be segregated from the
domestic waste water and routed to sea via a macerator as a minimum or following
more stringent treatment methods, where required by local legislation and regulations.
Discharge to sea shall be by a pipe, terminating below sea level, taking into account the
LAT and the deepest wave trough defined in the MetOcean Report.

The suction and discharge piping to the macerator(s) shall be provided with isolation
valves, flush water connections, rodding out points and a bypass.

For domestic drains and sewage, a 4” minimum diameter pipe shall be considered due
to the nature of the waste. Flushing and rodding points shall be provided on each
header external to the accommodation and shall be accessible.

7.10.2 Onshore Facilities

For onshore facilities the Domestic Drain system design shall comply with local
legislation and regulations. Onshore domestic waste water and sewage shall be treated
and disposed of based upon local requirements.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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7.11 Chemicals

The compatibility of chemicals that may be routed to the drainage system shall be
assessed to ensure that:
 Chemicals are compatible with the drainage system to which they are routed.
 Chemicals routed to a common drain system cannot react and lead to the
formation of toxic products (e.g. sulphates and hypo-chlorite leading to SO2 and
Cl2).
Segregation into dedicated drains or bunded areas shall be provided where
incompatibility is highlighted.

7.11.1 Offshore Facilities

Production chemicals are typically brought offshore in tote-tanks and shall be decanted
in the bunded chemical loading area into fixed storage tanks on the facility.

Tote-tanks shall be decanted from within a bunded area. Fixed tanks shall similarly be
located in a bunded area, which may be either common to or remote from the loading
area.

The bunded area shall have valve isolated drains, both normally closed. The bund shall
be sized for the largest tote tank/ chemical storage tank volume.

One valve outlet shall be routed to the Hazardous Open Drains Header – this route shall
be used to drain rainwater only.
The second outlet shall be blanked to allow the connection of temporary equipment to
enable pump out of the bund to an empty tote-tank for onshore disposal in the event of
a large chemical spill.

Similarly, the facility’s main chemical storage tanks and pumping area shall have a
bund or drip tray which allow the contents either to be drained to the Hazardous Open
Drains (if clean water, rain or deluge) or to be pumped to a tote-tank for onshore
disposal.

Methanol drains shall be routed directly overboard due to the hazards of methanol
vapours evolving in drains boxes/pipework if routed to open hazardous or closed drains
systems. Additionally, methanol can have a detrimental effect on certain materials used
in gaskets, etc.; therefore discharging directly overboard also eliminates this issue.
Methanol is not considered to have a significant lasting impact to the environment, as
the liquid evaporates easily, hence overboard discharge is considered acceptable when
compared to the hazards of routing to a drains system.

7.11.2 Onshore Facilities

The design of bunding areas/drip trays below chemical tanks shall be as per
Section 7.11.1 Offshore Facilities.

The use of portable bunds may be considered for storing chemical drums/ Intermediate
bulk container (IBC).

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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7.12 Laboratory Drain

Laboratory drains are used for the disposal of hydrocarbon samples and chemicals used
in the laboratory. Careful consideration shall be given to the design laboratory drain
system early in the phase of a project.

The laboratory drains shall be routed to an atmospheric tank vented to a safe location,
where the chemicals can be diluted prior to disposal either to the Hazardous Open Drain
system or the Non-Hazardous Drain system. The selection of the final disposal should
be based on the area classification of the location of the laboratory. Disposal to the
drain system shall be performed manually from the tank low point into a tundish
connected to the relevant drain system. Vapour migration prevention shall be aligned
with the selected drainage system.

The laboratory drain shall be provided with a connection to a collection drum for the
disposal of chemicals which are incompatible with the selected open drain system.

The design of the drain system shall take into account the maximum pressure
differences anticipated between the laboratory and the atmospheric tanks.

7.13 Disposal to Sea (Offshore Facilities)

When water from the drains system is discharged to sea, adequate vertical and
horizontal separation distance from the seawater lift facilities shall be stipulated to
prevent the possibility of hydrocarbons being lifted with the seawater.
The respective locations of overboard discharge and seawater intake shall account for
tidal currents, winds and any facility structures which may have an impact.
Sampling points with convenient access shall be provided so that the quality of the
water discharged to sea from the drains vessels can be monitored. Sampling point
locations shall be installed where the water pressure is above atmospheric (low
pressure lines local to caissons can induce vacuums when flowing thereby preventing
sampling).

Local and/or international regulations shall be met in respect of any metering or quality
measurement requirements, as a minimum. Where Company standards are more
stringent, these shall be applied.

7.14 Sand and Solids

The presence of sand and solids may cause problems during drainage operations. If
solids are expected, larger piping diameters shall be installed and the minimum radius
of pipe bends shall be increased in size to allow for cleaning.

Sand/solids will tend to collect in seal pots or U-bends and may cause flow restrictions.
Seal pots will require regular inspection and shall be easy to clean.

Rodding out points shall be installed at each location where sand or solids may
accumulate, and shall be installed for each drains header.

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disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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Rodding out points for drain headers below decks may be installed above the deck with
a 45° bend to allow access without the use of scaffolding. Flushing connections may
also be installed at the rodding out point.
Sand/solids may cause further problems in vessel and collection tanks due to
accumulation over time. This may lead to solids entering the suction lines of the drain
pumps, which shall be fitted with suction strainers.

Entry to the pump suction line shall be above the base of the tank to minimise potential
for blockages.

Where sand disposal lines are installed a permanent flushing system shall be provided.

7.15 FPSOs / FPUs

7.15.1 General

Further to the requirements for drains systems outlined in this standard, it is recognised
that Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Systems (FPSOs) and other floating
assets may have different or modified requirements due to vessel motion and interface
with marine systems.

This section therefore outlines any differing design requirements for floating assets.
Where such differences occur, the requirement as stated in this section shall take
precedence over any requirements stated in the remainder of the standard, e.g. for
drains headers minimum slope.
All aspects of the design should meet the relevant legislation, e.g. IMO MARPOL
regulations and class requirements.

7.15.2 Overall Drainage Philosophy

The overall drainage system design for FPSOs may be substantially different for each
vessel, depending on the hull secured for the project.

Where a new-build hull is to be used, the slops tanks are often located at the bow,
where the stipulated slope gradients from the process areas are more easily achieved
when running the open drains system lines directly to the slops tanks.

Where a hull is to be converted, e.g. from a very large crude carrier (VLCC) hull, it is
often the case that the slops tanks are located at the stern, due to the differing trim
requirements of tankers when compared to FPSOs. For a hull conversion therefore,
collection tanks may be required on the hull deck at the bow, which then drain back to
the slops tanks.

Careful consideration shall be given to the overall drains design, depending on the
overall vessel/hull secured, early in the concept/FEED phase of a project. Segregation of
all drains systems shall be ensured for any design, as per previous requirements of this
standard.

Turret drains systems shall be considered as hazardous and routed to the Hazardous
Open Drains.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
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7.15.3 Drains Piping

In order to avoid flooding of areas during periods in which the vessel trim is being or
has been changed, e.g. for loading/unloading operations, or where prevailing
environmental conditions cause heavy vessel motion, the following shall apply for piping
slopes:
 a minimum line slope of 1:100 shall be achieved longitudinally (fore/aft).
 a minimum line slope of 1:50 shall be achieved transversely (port/starboard).
These requirements shall be achieved while accounting for the vessel trim, vessel
motion and facility (equipment/package) elevations versus deck height.

Where these line slopes cannot be achieved, e.g. for long hulls, appropriate hydraulic
calculations shall be completed to demonstrate that the drains systems are capable of
draining the required flow in all conditions.

7.15.4 Slops Tanks

On FPSOs Slops Tanks may be used to accept liquids from the FPSO topside drain
systems. When this interface is present, as a minimum, the following shall apply:
 Slops tanks shall have a permanent blanket gas facility, in accordance with
SOLAS regulations; Refer also to MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0042: “MOTS-42 Flare and
Vent Systems, Relief and Blowdown” for further information on FPSO cargo tank
vent requirements.
 Segregation between different drain systems shall be maintained via separate
tank penetrations and dip lines into the slops tanks. The termination depth of the
dip lines shall be such that a liquid seal is maintained at all times, i.e. during all
operational cycles of the slops tanks and accounting for vessel motion/trim. In
addition to separate dip lines a reliable back flow prevention system shall be
employed to avoid backflow of blanked gas to the drain systems and
communication between different drain systems.
 The design shall consider potential scaling resulting from the mixture of
produced water and seawater.
 Consideration shall be given to provide Slops Tanks with the capability to skim
off any residual oil that separates under gravity and recover it to a suitable low
pressure location in the process to minimise the potential for backflow. A reliable
backflow prevention system shall be employed if this interface is introduced.
 Further treatment of the bulk slops fluids should also be considered,
e.g. recycled through hydrocyclones, to ensure that where skimming may be
ineffective, the slops water can be treated to achieve the quality required by the
facility governing regulations prior to discharge overboard. A reliable backflow
prevention system shall be employed if this interface is introduced.

This document contains proprietary information belonging to Maersk Oil and shall not be wholly or partially reproduced nor
disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 33 of 37

7.15.5 Bunding / Coaming

Where bunding is installed around equipment and vessels to prevent the spread or
overboard discharge of hazardous fluids in a release event, such bunding shall be
provided with adequate drainage to the Hazardous Open Drains Tank. To ensure
adequate drainage, effects such as vessel motion, trimming operations or fixed
equipment locations shall be taken into account when ascertaining the location of the
drains. This is to minimise or eliminate the potential for some drains to become
overloaded, while others are under-utilised, during movement of the vessel.

Installation of bunding shall be in accordance with relevant legislation and regulations

adopted for FPSO design, which may be dependent on the geographical region to be
operated in.

7.15.6 Deluge

Drains lines on FPSOs are not required to cater for deluge flows, however the flowrate
of deluge water into the Open Drains tank in a deluge event shall be calculated and
addressed in the design. Sufficient scuppers shall be installed to allow adequate
drainage overboard in the event of a deluge situation.

7.15.7 Additional Requirements

In addition to the requirement for segregation of accommodation drains and sewage

from process open and closed drains systems, drains from machinery spaces on floating
facilities shall not, under any circumstances, be connected to any process drains
system.

The marine drains system shall be designed in compliance with the relevant marine
regulation and class requirements.

7.16 Additional Requirements for Onshore Facilities

Further to the general design of drains systems, as outlined in this standard, the
following shall also be taken into account when designing for onshore facilities:
 Drains piping and headers shall either be buried to a suitable depth below the
frost layer or insulated and provided with heat tracing to prevent freezing.
 Lines shall have a way of identification from point of burial to point of
re-emergence.
 Buried pipework shall ensure cathodic protection requirements are met.
 Drains piping material at the interfaces between below ground and above ground
sections shall be suitable for the differential expansion forces experienced during
winter ambient conditions. This applies to GRP material especially.
 Due to the expanded layout of onshore facilities, intermediate drains sump tanks
with pumps shall be required to prevent excessive installation depths for the
main drains tanks and piping.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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 Onshore facilities may involve the use of more complicated processes than
standard offshore facilities, including processes such as amine, TEG dehydration
and caustic wash facilities. Where these facilities are installed, they shall be
provided with segregated drains tanks to prevent cross-contamination or
contamination of downstream produced water facilities.
 Below grade drains tanks shall not be buried and access shall be provided to
allow inspection for corrosion protection. The maintenance of below grade drains
tanks and associated pumps present hazards similar to confined space entry if
there is potential for heavier than air gases such as H2S and CO2 to reside within
the drains pit. Such facilities shall be designed to account for both the detection
of the presence of these gases and the minimisation of hazards to personnel
during the maintenance of equipment within the pit.
 Large Onshore Storage Tanks shall be provided with an alternative liquid
removal facility to limit the sizing requirement for the Closed Drains Vessel.
 Individual tank bunds shall be sized for 100% of the largest tank volume, with
suitable access for vacuum trucks to drain the bund in the event of a tank
leak/rupture.
 Tank bunds shall be lined to prevent environmental contamination out with the
immediate bund area.
 Concreted areas shall be sloped to a low point to allow any water collected within
a bund/drain to be collected via a vacuum pump.
 Underground hydrocarbon drains tanks shall have secondary containment, either
in the form of a lined pit or a double-walled vessel.

7.17 Normally Unmanned Installations (NUIs)

Design practices for unmanned facilities can be significantly different to those outlined
above without compromising design safety. By their nature, unmanned facilities are
minimal facilities to reduce maintenance personnel’s exposure to hazards. Provision of
vent and drains systems shall be a function of the amount of equipment on the facility
and the amount of hydrocarbon inventory (particularly liquid hydrocarbons for the
drains system). MOG-FP-GEN-STD-2002: “MODES - Part 02 Process and Utility Design”.

Consideration should be given to combining the closed drains and vent systems in order
to limit facilities scope. The sizing basis for the combined vent/drains drum shall be
carefully thought through and the facility operating philosophy shall be carefully
considered.

Consideration shall be given to whether drainage events occur while the main process is
still live resulting in a requirement for the drum to accommodate drainage volume
coincident with a relief or depressurisation scenario.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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Page 35 of 37

When the drain is used to depressurise in addition to drainage as a minimum the

following shall apply:
 The drain system shall be designed for the pressure, flowrate and temperatures
experienced during gas blowby.
 The line design shall consider all the flow conditions experienced during a
pressurised drainage and gas blowby. The normal Closed Drain Sizing criteria are
not sufficient in this case.
 If no provision is given to positively isolate the drain then the drain headers shall
be designed without rodding facilities and with fully welded end.
 A dispersion analysis shall be carried out to assess the location of the drain
vessel vent if not routed to flare (e.g. flare not available).

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disclosed without prior written permission from Maersk Oil.

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
MOG-FP-PRO-STD-0043 Rev. 3.0
Page 36 of 37

8 TERMS, ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS

Terms, abbreviations and acronyms included in this document are specific to the
contents of the same. A list of other relevant terms is available in GMS Definitions for
general reference.

8.1 Terms

Atmospheric Discharging of low flow rates of non-combusted gases under

Venting controlled conditions from nearly atmospheric systems
Certifying An agency that verifies and documents that construction is in
Agency accordance with established rules and standards and carry out
regular surveys in service to ensure compliance with the rules and
standards
Cold Venting Discharging of potentially high flow rates of non-combusted gases,
under controlled conditions from potentially high pressure sources
Company Maersk Oil, including any of the Business Units (BUs)
Contractor Party responsible for the design/construction/installation/
commissioning of the facility including its employees, agents,
subcontractors, suppliers, vendors, inspectors and other authorised
representatives providing services to Contractor for any aspects of
the work
Facility Onshore plant or offshore fixed, floating or subsea unit, excluding
mobile drilling units
Gas blowby Discharge of gas from a process component through a liquid outlet
May Used to indicate that a provision is optional, i.e. indicates a course
of action permissible within the limits of the document
Shall Used to indicate that a provision is a requirement, i.e. mandatory
Should Used to indicate that a provision is a recommendation to be used as
good practice, but is not mandatory
Venting Discharging of non-combusted gases under controlled conditions

8.2 Abbreviations & Acronyms

ABS American Bureau of Shipping

API American Petroleum Institute
BU Business Unit
CAA Civilian Aviation Authority
CAP Civil Aviation Services
DBU Danish Business Unit
DNV Det Norske Veritas
ESD Emergency Shutdown

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 Standard –MOTS-43 Drains Systems
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FEED Front End Engineering Design

FSO Floating Storage and Offloading
FPSO Floating Production, Storage and Offloading
FPU Floating Production Unit
GRP Glass Reinforced Plastic
HSE Health, Safety and Environment
HP High Pressure
HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
IMO International Maritime Organisation
ISO International Standards Organisation
LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide
Lloyd’s Lloyd's Register of Shipping
LP Low Pressure
MARPOL International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
MDS Material Data Sheet
MetOcean Meteorological and Oceanographic
MOA Maersk Oil Angola
MODES Maersk Oil Design Standard
MOK Maersk Oil Kazakhstan
MONAS Maersk Oil Norway
MOQ Maersk Oil Qatar
MOTS Maersk Oil Technical Standard
MOUK Maersk Oil UK
NUI Normally Unmanned Installation
PSD Process Shutdown
PO Purchase Order
RP Recommended Practice
RS Removable Spool
SOLAS Safety of Life at Sea
TA Technical Authority
TEG Tri-Ethylene Glycol
VLCC Very Large Crude Carrier

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