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B2 COURSE - Unit 40

This document provides definitions for various natural landforms and features. It defines beaches as landforms along bodies of water composed of loose particles like sand or gravel. It also defines caves as natural underground spaces large enough for humans to enter, formed by rock weathering. Finally, it defines cliffs as nearly vertical rock exposures formed by erosion as landforms along coasts, mountains, and rivers.

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26 views

B2 COURSE - Unit 40

This document provides definitions for various natural landforms and features. It defines beaches as landforms along bodies of water composed of loose particles like sand or gravel. It also defines caves as natural underground spaces large enough for humans to enter, formed by rock weathering. Finally, it defines cliffs as nearly vertical rock exposures formed by erosion as landforms along coasts, mountains, and rivers.

Uploaded by

Eugenia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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B2 COURSE

Unit 40 - The natural world


Do you want to learn important vocabulary about the world that surrounds us? Look at the following
pictures!

BEACH
A beach is a landform along a body of water. It usually consists of loose
particles, which are often composed of rock, such as sand, gravel,
shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.

CAVE
A cave is a hollow place in the ground, specifically a natural underground space
large enough for a human to enter. Caves form naturally by the weathering of rock
and often extend deep underground. The word cave can also refer to much smaller
openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos. A cavern is a specific type
of cave, naturally formed in soluble rock with the ability to grow speleothems.

CLIFF
A cliff is a vertical, or nearly vertical, rock exposure. Cliffs are formed as erosion
landforms by the processes of weathering and erosion. Cliffs are common on
coasts, in mountanious areas, escarpments and along rivers.

COAST
A coastline or a seashore is the area where land meets the sea or ocean, or a line
that forms the boundary between the land and the ocean or a lake.

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B2 COURSE
Unit 40 - The natural world

CONTINENT
A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified
by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly
regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they
are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.

DELTA
A river delta is a landform that forms from deposition of sediment carried by
a river as the flow leaves its mouth and enters slower-moving or standing water.
This occurs where a river enters an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, reservoir, or (more
rarely) another river that cannot transport away the supplied sediment.

DESERT
A desert is a barren area of land where little precipitation occurs and consequently
living conditions are hostile for plant and animal life.

EQUATOR
The Equator usually refers to an imaginary line on the Earth’s surface equidistant
from the North Pole and South Pole, dividing the Earth into the Northern
Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.

FOREST
A forest is a large area of land covered with trees and plants, usually larger than
a wood, or the trees and plants themselves.

GLACIER
A glacier is a large mass of ice that moves slowly.

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Unit 40 - The natural world

HILL
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a
distinct summit.

ISLAND
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water.

JUNGLE
A jungle is land covered with dense vegetation dominated by trees.

LAKE
A lake is an area of variable size filled with water, localized in a basin, that is
surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or
drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, and therefore are
distinct from lagoons, and are also larger and deeper than ponds.

MOUNTAIN
A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a
limited area, usually in the form of a peak. A mountain is generally steeper than
a hill.

MOUNTAIN RANGE
A mountain range (also mountain barrier, belt, or system) is a geographic area
containing numerous geologically related mountains.

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Unit 40 - The natural world

NATIONAL PARK
A national park is an area of a country that is protected by
the government because of its natural beauty or because it has a special history.

OASIS
An oasis (plural: oases) is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically
surrounding a spring or similar water source, such as a pond or small
lake. Oases also provide habitat for animals and even humans if the area is big
enough.

OCEAN
An ocean is a very large area of sea.

PLAINS
A plain is a flat area. Plains occur as lowlands along the bottoms of valleys, coastal
plains and as plateaus or uplands at high elevation.

POND
A pond is a body of standing water, either natural or artificial, that is usually
smaller than a lake.

RAINFOREST
Rainforests are forests characterized by high rainfall, with annual rainfall between
250 and 450 centimetres.

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Unit 40 - The natural world

RIVER
A river is a natural wide flow of fresh water across the land into the sea, a lake, or
another river.

ROCKS
A rock is the dry solid part of the earth’s surface, or any large piece of this
that sticks up out of the ground or the sea.

SAND
Sand is a substance that consists of very small grains of rock, found
on beaches and in deserts.

SEA
A sea is the salty water that covers a large part of the surface of the earth, or
a large area of salty water, smaller than an ocean, that is partly or completely
surrounded by land.

STREAM
A stream is the water that flows naturally along a fixed route formed by
a channel cut into rock or ground, usually at ground level.

VALLEY
A valley is an area of low land between hills or mountains, often with a river
running through it.

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Unit 40 - The natural world

VOLCANO
A volcano is a mountain with a large, circular hole at the top through which lava
gases, steam, and dust are or have been forced out.

WATERFALL
A waterfall is water, especially from a river or stream, dropping from a higher to
a lower point, sometimes from a great height.

VIDEO - Nature vocabulary

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