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Explanations & Reference Values

This document provides explanations and reference values for various engine and vehicle parameters that may be displayed in a diagnostic tool or dashboard. It includes parameters like engine speed, calculated load, intake air temperature, fuel pressure, injection timing and volume, turbocharger vanes, and transmission data. Reference values are given for idle, wide-open throttle, and normal operating conditions to understand the readings.

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Zainul Arifin
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
57 views

Explanations & Reference Values

This document provides explanations and reference values for various engine and vehicle parameters that may be displayed in a diagnostic tool or dashboard. It includes parameters like engine speed, calculated load, intake air temperature, fuel pressure, injection timing and volume, turbocharger vanes, and transmission data. Reference values are given for idle, wide-open throttle, and normal operating conditions to understand the readings.

Uploaded by

Zainul Arifin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPLANATIONS & REFERENCE VALUES

Engine speed
Engine revolutions. Same as the instrument rev counter, only this reading is digital.

Reference: Idle - around 750 RPM, WOT - 4600 RPM

Calculate load
Indication of the amount of load in terms of airflow generated by the engine (not torque or horsepower)
during idle, when towing, travelling uphill, accelleration etc. It is not measured by a dedicated sensor,
but rather calculated using various parameters. The output is in percentage from the peak airflow. How
it is calculated exactly is different for each manufacturer but it might include readings from the MAF,
MAP, engine speed, throttle position or intake air temp and pressure sensors.

Reference: Idle - around 16%, WOT - 95% and above (peak airflow)

MAF
MAF or mass airflow is the amount of air being sucked (technical term, honest   ) into engine
measured just after the airfilter. The output is in grams per second. 

Reference: 5-12 gm/sec (Idle)

Atmosphere pressure (abs)


As the term implies, it is the absolute atmospheric pressure in kiloPascals, measured at ground level.
Changes with outside temperature and altitude. Pressure drops by 1 kPa for every 100m rise in altitude.
The opposite for drop in altitude.

MAP
Manifold absolute pressure is the pressure measured inside the manifold just before the EGR where the
feed for the sensor is located. The ECU uses these readings to determine EGR flow among others. The
output is in kiloPascals.

Reference: 95-105 kPa (Idle)

Initial intake air temp


Snapshot of the intake air temperature at the exact moment of engine start. Measured by the sensor
incorporated in the MAF meter.

Reference: whatever the temp is at engine start.

Intake air
Temperature of the air past the air filter, measured by sensor inside the MAF meter. Output in degrees
Celsius
Intake air temp (turbo) 
Temperature of the air entering the intake manifold (also intercooler air temp), as measured by the
sensor at the intercooler outlet. Not to be confused with the intake air temp sensor housed inside the
MAF, which is used for different purposes. 

Initial engine coolant temp


Snapshot of the coolant temperature measured at engine start. The sensor is located just above the
waterpump. Output is in degrees Celsius.

Reference: whatever the coolant temp is at engine start

Coolant temp
Actual coolant temperature with the engine running. Sensor is located just above waterpump. Engine is
considered warm when coolant temp is upwards of 86 deg C.

Battery voltage
Voltage of either the battery or the charging system (alternator), depending on wether the engine is
running or not. Output in Volts.

Reference: Engine off - around 12 Volts (battery), Engine on - around 13.5 Volts (charging)

Accelerator position
Position of the accelator pedal, calculated in percentages.

Reference: Idle - 0%, WOT - just under 100%

Actual throttle position


Position of the throttle valve (butterfly) in the intake manifold. Aids in smooth engine shut-off and rate
of EGR. Output in %

Reference: Engine off - 0%, Idle - around 80% (open)

Throttle close learning val.


The position in which the throttle valve is considered closed by the ECU. Output in degrees (I guess, from
the vertical axis of the sensor)

Reference: 17.2 - 17.5 degrees

Injection volume
The total amount of fuel being injected into the cylinders. Output is in cubic millimeters per stroke.

Reference: 5-12 mm3/st (Idle) 

Injection Feedback value


The amount of compensation or correction of fuel being injected into cylinders 1 to 4. A positive value
indicates fuel is being added, and a negative value means fuel is being reduced. Output is in cubic
millimeters per stroke.

Reference: +/- 3 mm3/st (Idle)

Pilot 1 & 2 injection period


Duration of the pilot injection. The 1KD-FTV engine features a pilot injection sequence which is smaller
in volume and shorter than the main injection. It's purpose is to reduce engine noise or knock.
Apparently, there are 2 pilot injections. Output in microseconds

Target common rail pressure


Fuel pressure in the common rail that the ECU is aiming for. Output in kiloPascal (absolute).

Fuel press
Actual common rail fuel pressure. Output in kiloPascal (gauge).

Reference: 30.000-40.000 kPag

Fuel temperature
Temperature of the fuel entering the fuel pump. Output in degrees Celsius.

Target pump SCV current


Target electrical current in the suction control valve. The suction control valve is part of the fuel pump. It
regulates the amount of fuel being fed to the plungers in the fuel pump. Output in milliamps.

Target EGR position


Position of the EGR valve as demanded by the ECU. Output in percentage.

Reference: 0-95%

EGR lift sensor volt %


Actual position of the EGR valve, as measured by the sensor on top of the valve. Fully closed at full
acceleration, fully open at throttle lift-off. Anything in between during cruising speeds and idle. Having
only worked on my own car so far, I assumed that this reading was fixed at around 60-70% at idle, but
now that I've seen readings from other members I know otherwise. 

Reference: Fully closed - Around 15%, fully open - 80-86%

EGR VSV
State of the EGR vacuum switching valve, which is used to open and close the EGR valve. Located on the
side of the EGR (brown if I'm not mistaken).

VN Turbo command
Opening of the turbo variable vanes. At low rpm the vanes are partially closed for better boost at lower
RPM's and they open up as the engine speed climbs. Closing vanes are indicated by an increasing
percentage, and the percentage decreases with the vanes opening up.

# codes (include history)


The number of diagnostic trouble codes that are currently present

MIL ON run distance


Distance travelled since the check engine light first came on.

Running time from MIL ON


Time elapsed since the check engine light first came on

Time after DTC cleared


Time elapsed after clearing all trouble codes.

Distance from DTC cleared


Distance travelled since clearing all trouble codes

Swirl control valve VSV


State of the vacuum switching valve that opens and closes the swirl control valve, used to improve
air/fuel mixing. 
ON= closed swirl control valve
OFF= open siwrl control valve

A/T Oil Temp from ECT


Automatic transmission oil temperature. Output in degrees Celsius

SPD (NO)
Transmission input shaft speed. Output in rpm's

ECT Lock-up
State of the torque converter lock-up mechanism. Lock-up improves fuel economy at highway speeds.

Reference: OFF - below 80 km/h, ON - 80 km/h and above

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