MA 321 - Unit I [Assignment]

Ashutosh Singh1∗

1
Department of Applied Mathematics,
Jabalpur Engineering College, Jabalpur, India

Contents
1 Fourier series 1

2 Half-range series 2

3 Fourier integral 2

4 Fourier transform 3

1 Fourier series
1. Find the Fourier series of the given function on the given interval.
(i) (
−k, −π ≤ x < 0
f (x) =
k, 0<x≤π
(ii) (
cos x, −π < x ≤ 0
f (x) = π−x
π
, 0<x<π
(iii) (
0, −1 < x ≤ 0
f (x) =
−2x, 0≤x<1

2. Find the Fourier series expansion of the function f (x) = π + x, −π < x < π. Hence,
show that π4 = 1 − 13 + 15 − 17 + ...
3. Find the Fourier series expansion of the following function with period 2π,
(
0, −π < x ≤ 0
f (x) = 2
x, 0≤x<π
π2 1 1 1 π2 1 1 1
Hence, show that 6
=1+ 22
+ 32
+ 42
+ ... and 12
=1− 22
+ 32
− 42
+ ...
∗
[email protected]

1
 4. Obtain the Fourier series expansion of the periodic with period 2π, f (x) = ex , −π <
1 1 1 (−1)n
x < π. Hence, find the sum of the series 1+22 − 1+32 + 1+42 − ... + 1+n2 + ...

2 Half-range series
Write the Fourier sine series and Fourier cosine series for the function in the given interval.

1. (
π − x, 0<x<π
f (x) =
0, 0 ≤ x < 2π

2. 
1,
 0≤x≤1
f (x) = −1, 1<x<2

0, 2≤x<3


3 Fourier integral
1. Find the Fourier integral representation of the following functions:

(a) (
| x |, −π ≤ x ≤ π
f (x) =
0, | x |> π

(b) 
2,
 −2 ≤ x < 1
f (x) = 1, 1≤x<3

0, elsewhere


(c) 
−1 − x,
 −1 < x < 0
f (x) = 1 − x, 0≤x≤1

0, | x |> 1


(d) 
sin x,
 −2 ≤ x ≤ 0
f (x) = cos x, 0<x≤2

0, | x |> 2


2. Find the Fourier cosine integral representation of the following functions:

(a) (
x2 , 0≤x≤5
f (x) =
0, x>5

(b) (
sin x, 0≤x≤π
f (x) =
0, x>π

2
 3. Find the Fourier sine integral representation of the following functions:

(a) (
1, 1≤x≤2
f (x) =
0, elsewhere

(b) (
sinh x, 0≤x≤3
f (x) =
0, x>3

(c) f (x) = e−2x + e−3x , x > 0.

4. Find the complex form of Fourier integral representation of the following functions:

(a)


0, −∞ < x < −1

x, −1 < x < 0
f (x) =


1, 0<x<1

0, x>1
(b) (
sin πx, −2 ≤ x ≤ 2
f (x) =
0, | x |> 2

5. Find f (x), given that:

Z∞ (
1, 0<a<1
f (x) sin axdx =
0, a>1
0

6. Show that
1
R∞ w


(a) f (at) = a
A a
cos wtdw, where a > 0.
0
R∞
(b) tf (t) = B ∗ (w) sin wtdw, where B ∗ = − dA
dw
.
0

R∞ 2
7. Show that t2 f (t) = A∗ (w) cos wtdw, where A∗ = − ddwA2 .
0

4 Fourier transform
2
1. Find the Fourier transform of e−at .
√ 2 /8
πwe−w
2. Find the inverse Fourier transform of √
4 2i
.

3. Find the Fourier sine transform of the following functions f (t):

(a) (
1, 0≤t≤l
f (t) =
0, t>l

3
 (b) (
t, 0≤t≤l
f (t) =
0, t>l

4. Does the Fourier cosine transform of sinx x , where 0 < x < ∞ exist? Give reasons. Also,
check for the existence of Fourier cosine transform of cosx x .

5. Find the Fourier cosine and sine transforms of f (t) = e−αt , t ≥ 0, α ≥ 0.

6. Let f (t) and f 0 (t) be continuous on the interval [0, ∞). Let f (t) → 0, f 0 (t) → 0 as
t → ∞ and f 00 (t) be piecewise continuous on every subinterval [0, l], then show that:

(a) Fc [f 0 (t)] = wFs (w) − f (0)

(b) Fs [f 0 (t)] = −wFc (w)

7. Let f (t) and f 0 (t) be continuous on the interval [0, ∞). Let f (t) → 0, f 0 (t) → 0 as
t → ∞ and f 00 (t) be piecewise continuous on every subinterval [0, l], then show that:

(a) Fc [f 00 (t)] = −w2 Fc [f (t)] − f 0 (0)

(b) Fs [f 00 (t)] = −w2 Fs [f (t)] + wf (0)

8. Find the Fourier transform of following functions:

(a) (
1, | t |≤ 1
f (t) =
0, | t |> 1

(b) (
eαt , t<0
f (t) =
0, t > 0, α > 0

(c) (
−eαt , t<0
f (t) =
e−αt , t > 0, α > 0

(d) f (t) = e−a|t+1| , a > 0

1
(e) f (t) = 1+t2

(f) f (t) = 2e−3|t| sin 4t

9. Find the inverse Fourier transform of following functions:

e−2iw
(a) 2+3iw
1
(b) 6+5iw−w2
iw
(c) (iw+2)(iw+3)
1
(d) a4 +w4
, a>0
R∞ dt 2π
10. Using frequency convolution show that (2+it)(2−it+iw)
= 4+iw
.
−∞

11. Use time convolution to find inverse Fourier transform of the following functions:

4
 1
(a) (iw+k)2
, k>0
1
(b) (iw+k)3
, k>0

12. Let F (w) be Fourier transform of f (x), then show that

Z∞ Z∞
| F (w) |2 dw = 2π | f (x) |2 dx
−∞ −∞

13. Using Fourier transform, find the solution of the following odes:

(a) y 0 + 3y = H(t)e−2t , −∞ < t < ∞

(b) y 00 + 3y 0 + 2y = δ(t − 3)

14. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of the following functions:

(a) (
e2t − e−2t , 1≤t≤2
f (t) =
0, elsewhere

(b) (
sin t, 1≤t≤l
f (t) =
0, t>l

15. Using Fourier integral transforms, solve the following bvp:

2
(a) ∂u
∂t
= c2 ∂∂xu2 , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0 and u(x, 0) = e−2|x| , −∞ < x < ∞.
∂u 2
(b) ∂t
= c2 ∂∂xu2 , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0 and

1,
 −1 < x < 0
u(x, 0) = −1, 0<x<1

0, otherwise


2 2
(c) ∂u
∂t
= c2 ∂∂xu2 , −∞ < x < ∞, t > 0 and u(x, 0) = e−4x , −∞ < x < ∞. Given that
2 p −w2
F(e−at ) = πa e 4a .
∂2u 2
(d) ∂x2
+ ∂∂yu2 = 0, 0 < x < π, y > 0 and u(x, 0) = sin x, 0 < x < π; u(0, y) =
0, u(π, y) = 0, y > 0.
∂2u 2
(e) + ∂∂yu2 = 0, −∞ < x < ∞, 0 < y < π and u(x, 0) = e−2x H(x), u(x, π) = 0,
∂x2
−∞ < x < ∞.

16. The temperature distribution u(x, t) in a thin, homogeneous semi-infinite bar can be
2
modelled by bvp ∂u∂t
= c2 ∂∂xu2 , 0 < x < ∞, t > 0 and u(x, 0) = f (x), x > 0; u(0, t) = 0,
t > 0. Find the temperature distribution u(x, t), t > 0, 0 < x < ∞.

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